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Praca podejmuje problem opisu wpływu nieperiodyczności na obraz dyfrakcyjny, przede wszystkim przy zastosowaniu podejścia bazującego na metodach statystycznych i koncepcji tzw. Średniej komórki elementarnej. W tym ujęciu podjęto problem znalezienia zależności pomiędzy obrazem dyfrakcyjnym danej struktury, a odpowiednio zdefiniowanymi rozkładami prawdopodobieństw.

Przeanalizowane zostały modelowe układy wykazujące pełne spektrum właściwości zarówno w przestrzeni rzeczywistej, jak i w obrazie dyfrakcyjnym. Zbadano wpływ zarówno nieskorelowanego, jak i skorelowanego nieporządku strukturalnego na dyfraktogramy struktur periodycznych. Przeanalizowano również specyficzne dla kwazikryształów zaburzenia w postaci różnego rodzaju fazonów.

Zaobserwowane zostało również ciągłe przejście idealny kwazikryształ - struktura amorficzna. Osobną klasą są struktury posiadające tzw. osobliwe widmo dyfrakcyjne. Dla struktur takich zbadano wpływ różnego rodzaju nieporządku na charakter obrazu

(2)

Thesis makes an attempt to describe an influence of aperiodicity on a diffraction pattern. Used approach is based mainly on statistics methods and a concept of the so-called averge unit cell.

Within this framework the problem of finding correlations between diffraction pattern and appropriately defined probability distributions has been tackled.

Model structures exhibiting full spectrum of properties in real space as well as in diffraction pattern have been analyzed. An influence of correlated and uncorrelated structural disorder on the diffraction pattern has been investigated. Disorder specific for quasicrystals in the form of phasons of various types has been researched. Continuous transition from a perfect quasicrystal to an amorfous structure has also been observed. For the structures with singular continuous diffraction pattern the influence of various types of disorder has been analyzed.

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