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The Good, the Cheap, and the Privacy-Friendly

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(1)Delft University of Technology. The Good, the Cheap, and the Privacy-Friendly Stakeholder Evaluation of the Effectiveness of Surveillance Technology Cayford, Michelle DOI 10.4233/uuid:63713a7e-b196-4bfc-a91e-e65bfad97fac Publication date 2020 Document Version Final published version. Citation (APA) Cayford, M. (2020). The Good, the Cheap, and the Privacy-Friendly: Stakeholder Evaluation of the Effectiveness of Surveillance Technology. https://doi.org/10.4233/uuid:63713a7e-b196-4bfc-a91ee65bfad97fac Important note To cite this publication, please use the final published version (if applicable). Please check the document version above.. Copyright Other than for strictly personal use, it is not permitted to download, forward or distribute the text or part of it, without the consent of the author(s) and/or copyright holder(s), unless the work is under an open content license such as Creative Commons. Takedown policy Please contact us and provide details if you believe this document breaches copyrights. We will remove access to the work immediately and investigate your claim.. This work is downloaded from Delft University of Technology. For technical reasons the number of authors shown on this cover page is limited to a maximum of 10..

(2) On the food-web ecology of offshore The Good, wind farms, the kingdom the Cheap, of suspension feeders and the. PrivacyFriendly. Stakeholder Evaluation of the Effectiveness of Surveillance Technology. Michelle Cayford. R OURANIA MAVRAKI.

(3)

(4) . .   . The Good, the Cheap, and the Privacy-Friendly: Stakeholder Evaluation of the Effectiveness of Surveillance Technology .  .  .    Dissertation   ˆ‘”–Š‡’—”’‘•‡‘ˆ‘„–ƒ‹‹‰–Š‡†‡‰”‡‡‘ˆ†‘ –‘” ƒ–‡Žˆ–‹˜‡”•‹–›‘ˆ‡ Š‘Ž‘‰› „›–Š‡ƒ—–Š‘”‹–›‘ˆ–Š‡‡ –‘”ƒ‰‹ˆ‹ —•”‘ˆǤ†”Ǥ‹”‹˜ƒ†‡” ƒ‰‡ Šƒ‹”‘ˆ–Š‡‘ƒ”†ˆ‘”‘ –‘”ƒ–‡• –‘„‡†‡ˆ‡†‡†’—„Ž‹ Ž›‘ Ͷ —‡ʹͲʹͲƒ– ͳͷ‘ǯ Ž‘   ›   Michelle CAYFORD   ƒ•–‡”‘ˆ”–•‹

(5) –‡”ƒ–‹‘ƒŽ‡ —”‹–›ǡ

(6) •–‹–—–†ǯ±–—†‡•’‘Ž‹–‹“—‡•†‡ƒ”‹•ǡ ”ƒ ‡ „‘”‹’‘ƒ‡ǡǡ .

(7)       Š‹•†‹••‡”–ƒ–‹‘Šƒ•„‡‡ƒ’’”‘˜‡†„›–Š‡’”‘‘–‘”•Ǥ  ‘’‘•‹–‹‘‘ˆ–Š‡†‘ –‘”ƒŽ ‘‹––‡‡ǣ ‡ –‘”ƒ‰‹ˆ‹ —•    Šƒ‹”’‡”•‘ ”‘ˆǤ†”Ǥ‹”Ǥ‹‡–‡”˜ƒ ‡Ž†‡”  ‡Žˆ–‹˜‡”•‹–›‘ˆ‡ Š‘Ž‘‰›ǡ’”‘‘–‘” ”‘ˆǤ†”Ǥ‹”Ǥ ‡•‡”‹‡‹‡”•  ‡Žˆ–‹˜‡”•‹–›‘ˆ‡ Š‘Ž‘‰›ǡ’”‘‘–‘” ”Ǥ‹”Ǥ‘Ž–‡”‹‡–‡”•   ‡Žˆ–‹˜‡”•‹–›‘ˆ‡ Š‘Ž‘‰›ǡ’”‘‘–‘”  

(8) †‡’‡†‡–‡„‡”•ǣ ”‘ˆǤ†”Ǥ‹ Š‡Ž˜ƒ‡–‡   ‡Žˆ–‹˜‡”•‹–›‘ˆ‡ Š‘Ž‘‰› ”‘ˆǤ†”Ǥ ‘Š—‡ŽŽ‡”   Š‹‘–ƒ–‡‹˜‡”•‹–› ”‘ˆǤ†”Ǥ

(9) „‘˜ƒ†‡‘‡Ž   ‡Žˆ–‹˜‡”•‹–›‘ˆ‡ Š‘Ž‘‰›

(10) ”Ǥ‘ƒŽ†”‹• 

(11) ȋ‘‡–•‹‰ ‘‹••‹‡

(12) œ‡– ‡˜‘‡‰†Š‡†‡˜ƒ†‡‹Ž‹ Š–‹‰‡Ǧ‡ ˜‡‹Ž‹‰Š‡‹†•†‹‡•–‡Ȍ     .   Š‹•”‡•‡ƒ” ŠŠƒ•„‡‡ˆ—†‡†‹’ƒ”–„›–Š‡—”‘’‡ƒ‹‘ǯ•‡˜‡–Š ”ƒ‡™‘””‘‰”ƒ‡

(13) ’”‘Œ‡ –ǡ—†‡”‰”ƒ–‘ǤʹͺͶ͹ʹͷǤ   

(14) ǣͻ͹ͺǦͻͶǦͲʹͺǦʹͲ͸ͺǦ͵ ‘’›”‹‰Š–ʹͲʹͲ‹ Š‡ŽŽ‡ƒ›ˆ‘”† ‘˜‡”†‡•‹‰„›ƒŽ‡„”‹‰Š—”•–   . ‹‹.

(15)           . . To my dear husband By her who best knows his value   (dedication borrowed from Elizabeth Gaskell). ‹‹‹.

(16) Table of Contents  —ƒ”›ǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤ˜‹‹ ”‘’‘•‹–‹‘•ǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤš‹‹‹ Šƒ’–‡”ͳǣ

(17) –”‘†— –‹‘ǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤͳ ͳǤͳ. ”‘„Ž‡†‡ˆ‹‹–‹‘ǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤͳ. ͳǤʹ. ‡•‡ƒ” Š“—‡•–‹‘ǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤ͸. ͳǤ͵. ‡–Š‘†‘Ž‘‰›ǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤ͹. ͳǤͶ. ‹••‡”–ƒ–‹‘‘—–Ž‹‡ǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤͻ. Šƒ’–‡”ʹǣ—”˜‡‹ŽŽƒ ‡‡ Š‘Ž‘‰›š’Žƒ‹‡†ǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤͳͳ ʹǤͳ.

(18) –”‘†— –‹‘ǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤͳͳ. ʹǤʹ. —”˜‡‹ŽŽƒ ‡‡ Š‘Ž‘‰‹‡•ǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤͳʹ. ʹǤ͵. ‹†‹‰•ǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤʹʹ. ʹǤͶ. ‘ Ž—•‹‘ǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤʹ͵. Šƒ’–‡”͵ǣŠƒ–

(19) –‡ŽŽ‹‰‡ ‡”ƒ –‹–‹‘‡”•ƒ”‡ƒ›‹‰ǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤʹͷ ͵Ǥͳ.

(20) –”‘†— –‹‘ǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤʹͷ. ͵Ǥʹ. ‡Žƒ–‡†‘”ǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤʹ͸. ͵Ǥ͵. ‡”‹‘Ž‘‰›ǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤʹͻ. ͵ǤͶ. ‡–Š‘†‘Ž‘‰›ǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤ͵Ͳ. ͵Ǥͷ. Šƒ–

(21) –‡ŽŽ‹‰‡ ‡ˆˆ‹ ‹ƒŽ•ƒ”‡ƒ›‹‰„‘—–ǥǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤ͵ʹ. ͵Ǥ͸. ‘ Ž—•‹‘ǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤͶͻ. Šƒ’–‡”Ͷǣ˜‡”•‹‰Š–‘†‹‡•Ȃ˜ƒŽ—ƒ–‹‘–Š”‘—‰Š‘’ƒ”–‡–ƒŽ‹œƒ–‹‘ǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤͷͳ ͶǤͳ.

(22) –”‘†— –‹‘ǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤͷͳ. ͶǤʹ. ‡Žƒ–‡†™‘”ǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤͷʹ. ͶǤ͵. ”ƒ‡™‘”ƒ†‡–Š‘†•ǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤͷͷ. ͶǤͶ. ˜‡”˜‹‡™‘ˆ‹–‡ŽŽ‹‰‡ ‡‘˜‡”•‹‰Š–„‘†‹‡•ǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤͷ͹. ͶǤͷ. Šƒ–˜‡”•‹‰Š–‘†‹‡•ƒ”‡”‡’‘”–‹‰”‡Žƒ–‡†–‘ǥǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤͷͻ. ͶǤ͸. ‹• —••‹‘ǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤ͸ͻ. ͶǤ͹. ‘ Ž—•‹‘ǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤ͹͵. Šƒ’–‡”ͷǣŠ‡—„Ž‹ ƒ–•

(23) –ŽŽǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤ͹ͷ. ‹˜. ͷǤͳ.

(24) –”‘†— –‹‘ǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤ͹ͷ. ͷǤʹ. ‡Žƒ–‡†‘”ǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤ͹͸. ͷǤ͵. ‡–Š‘†‘Ž‘‰›ǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤ͹ͻ. ͷǤͶ. ‡•—Ž–•ƒ†ƒƒŽ›•‹•ǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤͺͲ. ͷǤͷ. ‹• —••‹‘ǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤͻͳ.

(25) ͷǤ͸. ‘ Ž—•‹‘ǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤͻͶ. Šƒ’–‡”͸ǣ ‡––‡”‡†„›—”‡ƒ— ”ƒ ›ǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤͻͷ ͸Ǥͳ.

(26) –”‘†— –‹‘ǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤͻͷ. ͸Ǥʹ. ”‡˜‹‘—•”‡•‡ƒ” ŠǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤͻ͸. ͸Ǥ͵. „•‡”˜‹‰„—”‡ƒ— ”ƒ ›ǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤͻͺ. ͸ǤͶ. ƒŽ›•‹•ǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤͳͲ͵. ͸Ǥͷ. ‹• —••‹‘ǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤͳͲͻ. ͸Ǥ͸. ‘ Ž—•‹‘ǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤͳͳ͵. Šƒ’–‡”͹ǣ‘ Ž—•‹‘ǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤͳͳͷ ͹Ǥͳ. —ƒ”›‘ˆ ‹†‹‰•ǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤͳͳͷ. ͹Ǥʹ. ‡ˆŽ‡ –‹‘•ǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤͳʹͳ. ͹Ǥ͵.

(27) ’Ž‹ ƒ–‹‘•ǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤͳʹ͹. ͹ǤͶ. ‹‹–ƒ–‹‘•ǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤͳ͵ʹ. ͹Ǥͷ. —–—”‡”‡•‡ƒ” ŠǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤͳ͵͵. ‡ˆ‡”‡ ‡•ǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤͳ͵ͷ  ‘™Ž‡†‰‡‡–•ǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤͳͷͻ —””‹ —Ž—‹–ƒ‡ǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤͳ͸ͳ —„Ž‹ ƒ–‹‘•ǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤǤͳ͸ʹ.     . . . ˜.

(28) List of tables and figures:  ƒ„Ž‡ͳǤͳǤ‹••‡”–ƒ–‹‘‘˜‡”˜‹‡™ǥǥǥǥǥǥǥǥǥǥǥǥǥǥǥǥǥǥǥǥǥǥǥǥǥǥǥǤǥǤǤʹͲ ‹‰—”‡ʹǤͳǤͷͲȀͷͲ’Ž‹––‡”ǥǥǥǥǥǥǥǥǥǥǥǥǥǥǥǥǥǥǥǥǥǥǥǥǥǥǥǥǥǥǥǤǤǥǥʹ͵ ‹‰—”‡ʹǤʹǤŽƒ••‹ˆ‹ ƒ–‹‘‘ˆ•—”˜‡‹ŽŽƒ ‡–‡ Š‘Ž‘‰›ǥǥǥǥǥǥǥǥǥǥǥǥǥǥǥǥǤ͵Ͳ ‹‰—”‡͵ǤͳǤ˜ƒŽ—ƒ–‹‰‡ˆˆ‡ –‹˜‡‡••ƒ•†‡• ”‹„‡†„›‹–‡ŽŽ‹‰‡ ‡‘ˆˆ‹ ‹ƒŽ•ǥǥǥǥǥǤǤǤǥǤͶͶ ‹‰—”‡͵ǤʹǤ‘’‘‡–•‘ˆ‘˜‡”ƒŽŽ‡ˆˆ‡ –‹˜‡‡••ǥǥǥǥǥǥǥǥǥǥǥǤǤǥǥǥǥǥǥǥǥǥǤǤͷͳ ‹‰—”‡͵Ǥ͵Ǥˆˆ‹ ‹ƒŽ•ǯ•–ƒ–‡‡–•”‡Žƒ–‡†–‘‡ˆˆ‡ –‹˜‡‡••ǡ ‘•–ǡ’”‘’‘”–‹‘ƒŽ‹–›ǥǤǥǤǥǥͷʹ ‹‰—”‡ͶǤͳǤ‘ ‡’–—ƒŽˆ”ƒ‡™‘”‘ˆ‡ˆˆ‡ –‹˜‡‡••ǡ•—”˜‡‹ŽŽƒ ‡ǡƒ†‘˜‡”•‹‰Š–ǥǥǥǤǤǤͷͺ ‹‰—”‡ͶǤʹǤǤǤ‘˜‡”•‹‰Š–Žƒ›‡”•ǥǥǥǥǥǥǥǥǥǥǥǥǥǥǥǥǥǥǤǥǥǥǥǥǥǥǥǥǥǥǥ͸Ͳ ‹‰—”‡ͶǤ͵ǤǤǤ‘˜‡”•‹‰Š–’‹ŽŽƒ”•ǥǥǥǥǥǥǥǥǥǥǥǥǥǥǥǥǥǥǥǥǥǥǥǥǥǥǥǤǥǤǥǤ͸ͳ ‹‰—”‡ͷǤͳǤ—”˜‡›“—‡•–‹‘•ͳǦ͵ǥǥǥǥǥǥǥǥǥǥǥǥǥǥǥǥǥǥǥǥǥǥǥǥǥǥǥǥǤǥǤͺͲ ‹‰—”‡ͷǤʹǤ—”˜‡›“—‡•–‹‘•ͶǦͺǥǥǥǥǥǥǥǥǥǥǥǥǥǥǥǥǥǥǥǥǥǥǥǥǥǥǥǥǤǥǤͺ͵ ‹‰—”‡ͷǤ͵Ǥ—”˜‡›“—‡•–‹‘•ͻǦͳͳǥǥǥǥǥǥǥǥǥǥǥǥǥǥǥǥǥǥǥǥǥǥǥǥǥǥǥǤǥǤǤͺͷ ƒ„Ž‡͸ǤͳǤ‹Ž•‘ǯ• ‘ ‡’–•ƒ’’Ž‹‡†–‘”‡•‡ƒ” Šˆ‹†‹‰•ǥǥǥǥǥǥǤǤǥǥǥǥǥǥǥǥǤǤͳͲͳ ƒ„Ž‡͹ǤͳǤ‹ˆˆ‡”‡ ‡•„‡–™‡‡Žƒ™‡ˆ‘” ‡‡–ƒ†‹–‡ŽŽ‹‰‡ ‡ƒ‰‡ ‹‡•ǥǥǥǥǤǤǥͳͳʹ ‹‰—”‡͹ǤͳǤŠ‡‘†‡ŽǥǥǥǥǥǥǥǥǥǥǥǥǥǥǥǥǥǥǤǤǥǥǥǥǥǥǥǥǥǥǥǥͳͳͷ       . ˜‹. .

(29) Summary  ƒ– Š‹‰™‹–Š‘—–„‡‹‰•‡‡ƒ†Ž‹•–‡‹‰™‹–Š‘—–„‡‹‰Š‡ƒ”†™‹–Š–Š‡ƒ‹‘ˆ‰ƒ‹‹‰ •–”ƒ–‡‰‹ ƒ†˜ƒ–ƒ‰‡ǤŠ‹•‹••—”˜‡‹ŽŽƒ ‡ƒ†‡˜‡”›ƒ–‹‘–Šƒ–Šƒ•–Š‡‡ƒ•–‘†‘•‘ǡ ‡‰ƒ‰‡•‹‹–Ǥ ‘˜‡”‡–•—”˜‡‹ŽŽƒ ‡‹•‹–‡†‡†–‘‹ ”‡ƒ•‡ƒƒ–‹‘ǯ••‡ —”‹–›Ǣ‹•‘ †‘‹‰ ‹– ‹‡˜‹–ƒ„Ž› ‹˜ƒ†‡• ‘–Š‡”•ǯ ’”‹˜ƒ ›Ǥ Ž–Š‘—‰Š •—”˜‡‹ŽŽƒ ‡ ‹• ‘– ƒ ‡™ ’Š‡‘‡‘ǡƒ†–Š‡†‡„ƒ–‡‘˜‡”’”‹˜ƒ ›ƒ†•‡ —”‹–›‹•‘–‘˜‡Žǡ–Š‡ ‘—”•‡‘ˆ–Š‹• Š Šƒ• •‡‡ †‹• —••‹‘ ”‡‡™‡† ‘˜‡” –Š‡•‡ •—„Œ‡ –• ƒ• –Š‡› Šƒ˜‡ ‘˜‡† ˆ”‘ –Š‡ •Šƒ†‘™•–‘ƒ–‘’‹ ‘ˆ†‹‡”–ƒ„Ž‡ ‘˜‡”•ƒ–‹‘ȋ‘”’‡”Šƒ’•ǡ‘”‡ƒ —”ƒ–‡Ž›ǡ–‘ƒ–‘’‹  ‘ˆ •‘ ‹ƒŽ ‡†‹ƒ ‡š Šƒ‰‡ȌǤ Š‡ †‡„ƒ–‡ –›’‹ ƒŽŽ› ˆ‘ —•‡• ‘ ’”‹˜ƒ › ˜•Ǥ •‡ —”‹–› ƒ† ™Š‡–Š‡”‘”–‘™Šƒ–†‡‰”‡‡‘‡•Š‘—Ž†„‡‡š Šƒ‰‡†ˆ‘”–Š‡‘–Š‡”Ǥ  —‡Ž‹‰ –Š‡ —””‡– †‡„ƒ–‡ ‹• ‘– –”ƒ†‹–‹‘ƒŽǡ Š—ƒ •—”˜‡‹ŽŽƒ ‡ǡ „—– •—”˜‡‹ŽŽƒ ‡ –‡ Š‘Ž‘‰›Ǥ—”˜‡‹ŽŽƒ ‡–‡ Š‘Ž‘‰›‹ Ž—†‡•ƒ›”‹ƒ†‘ˆ‹•–”—‡–•ǡ‹ Ž—†‹‰ǡ †”‘‡•ǡ •ƒ–‡ŽŽ‹–‡•ǡ Ž‹•–‡‹‰ †‡˜‹ ‡•ǡ ƒ† ’‡”Šƒ’• ’ƒ”–‹ —Žƒ”Ž›ǡ ™‹”‡–ƒ’’‹‰ ȋ‘ˆ ’Š‘‡• ƒ†‹–‡”‡–Ȍƒ†–‡ Š‘Ž‘‰›–Šƒ–‘‹–‘”•ƒ†ƒƒŽ›œ‡•‹–‡”‡–ƒ –‹˜‹–›ǡ•— Šƒ•†‡‡’ ’ƒ ‡– ‹•’‡ –‹‘Ǥ Š‡ ’—”’‘•‡ ‘ˆ ‡’Ž‘›‹‰ –Š‹• •—”˜‡‹ŽŽƒ ‡ –‡ Š‘Ž‘‰› ‹• –‘ ‰ƒ‹ •–”ƒ–‡‰‹  ƒ†˜ƒ–ƒ‰‡ ‘˜‡” –Š‡ ƒ†˜‡”•ƒ”›ǡ ™Š‡–Š‡” –Šƒ– „‡ ƒ •–ƒ–‡ ƒ –‘” ‘” ”‹‹ƒŽ ‘” –‡””‘”‹•–‘”‰ƒ‹œƒ–‹‘ǤŠ‡–Š‡”–Š‡–‡ Š‘Ž‘‰› ‘–”‹„—–‡•–‘‰ƒ‹‹‰–Šƒ–ƒ†˜ƒ–ƒ‰‡Ȃ ‹Ǥ‡Ǥƒ Š‹‡˜‡•–Š‡•‡ —”‹–›‰‘ƒŽˆ‘”™Š‹ Š‹–™ƒ•‡’Ž‘›‡†Ȃ‹•ƒ“—‡•–‹‘‘ˆ‡ˆˆ‡ –‹˜‡‡••Ǥ  Ž–Š‘—‰ŠŽ‡••†‹• —••‡†ǡ‡ˆˆ‡ –‹˜‡‡••‹•ƒ ‡–”ƒŽ‡Ž‡‡–‘ˆ–Š‡•—”˜‡‹ŽŽƒ ‡†‡„ƒ–‡Ǥ‘ Œ—†‰‡‹ˆƒ–‡ Š‘Ž‘‰›ǯ••—”˜‡‹ŽŽƒ ‡‹•’”‘’‘”–‹‘ƒ–‡–‘–Š‡’”‹˜ƒ ›‹˜ƒ•‹‘‹ —””‡†ǡ‹ˆ ‘” –‘ ™Šƒ– †‡‰”‡‡ –Š‡ –‡ Š‘Ž‘‰› ‘–”‹„—–‡• –‘ ‹ ”‡ƒ•‹‰ •‡ —”‹–› —•– ˆ‹”•–Ž› „‡ ‡•–ƒ„Ž‹•Š‡†Ǥ˜ƒŽ—ƒ–‹‘•‘ˆ–‡ Š‘Ž‘‰›–›’‹ ƒŽŽ›ˆ‘ —•‘’‡”ˆ‘”ƒ ‡ ȂŠ‘™™‡ŽŽ–Š‡ –‡ Š‘Ž‘‰› ‘’‡”ƒ–‡•ǡ •— Š ƒ• –Š‡ “—ƒŽ‹–› ‘ˆ –Š‡ ‹ƒ‰‡ ‹– ’”‘†— ‡•Ǥ ˆˆ‡ –‹˜‡‡••ǡ Š‘™‡˜‡”ǡ ‡šƒ‹‡• ™Š‡–Š‡” ‰ƒ‹‹‰ –Šƒ– ˆ‘‘–ƒ‰‡ ‘–”‹„—–‡• –‘ –Š‡ •‡ —”‹–› ‰‘ƒŽ ‘ˆ ‹†‡–‹ˆ›‹‰ ‡„‡”• ‘ˆ ƒ –‡””‘”‹•– ‘”‰ƒ‹œƒ–‹‘ǡ Ž‡ƒ”‹‰ ƒ„‘—– ƒ •–ƒ–‡ǯ• — Ž‡ƒ” ’”‘‰”ƒǡ‡– Ǥ  –—†‹‡•‘–Š‡‡ˆˆ‡ –‹˜‡‡••‘ˆ•—”˜‡‹ŽŽƒ ‡–‡ Š‘Ž‘‰›ƒ”‡• ƒ” ‡Ǥ‹‹–‡†”‡•‡ƒ” ŠŠƒ• „‡‡†‘‡”‡Žƒ–‡†–‘Žƒ™‡ˆ‘” ‡‡–—•‡‘ˆ•—”˜‡‹ŽŽƒ ‡–‡ Š‘Ž‘‰›ƒ†‡ˆˆ‡ –‹˜‡‡••ǡ ƒ† ‘ ‡”‹‰–Š‡‡ˆˆ‡ –‹˜‡‡••‘ˆ ‘—–‡”–‡””‘”‹•’”‘‰”ƒ•Ǥ’ƒ”–ˆ”‘–Š‹•ǡƒ†  ”‡•‡ƒ” Š –ƒ Ž‹‰ –Š‡ “—‡•–‹‘ ‘ˆ ‡ˆˆ‡ –‹˜‡‡•• ‹ ”‡ ‡– ›‡ƒ”•ǡ ˆ‡™ •–—†‹‡• ‘ ‡ˆˆ‡ –‹˜‡‡••Šƒ˜‡„‡‡ ƒ””‹‡†‘—–ǤŠ‹•Žƒ ‹•’ƒ”–‹ —Žƒ”Ž›ƒ’’ƒ”‡–‹–Š‡”‡ƒŽ‘ˆ ‹–‡ŽŽ‹‰‡ ‡™‘”ǡ–Š‡†‘ƒ‹Žƒ”‰‡Ž› ‘ ‡”‡†‹–Š‡•—”˜‡‹ŽŽƒ ‡†‡„ƒ–‡ǤŠ‹•‰ƒ’‹ ”‡•‡ƒ” Š Ž‡† –‘ –Š‹• †‹••‡”–ƒ–‹‘ǯ• ”‡•‡ƒ” Š “—‡•–‹‘ǣ How is the effectiveness of surveillance technology evaluated in intelligence work?Š‡’—”’‘•‡‘ˆ–Š‹•Š‹•‘––‘ ‡ƒ•—”‡–Š‡ƒ –—ƒŽ‡ˆˆ‡ –‹˜‡‡••‘ˆ’‹‡ ‡•‘ˆ•—”˜‡‹ŽŽƒ ‡–‡ Š‘Ž‘‰›ǡ„—––‘‡šƒ‹‡ •–ƒ‡Š‘Ž†‡”•ǯ–”‡ƒ–‡–‘ˆ–Š‹•–‘’‹ ƒ†–Š‡†‹• ‘—”•‡•—””‘—†‹‰‹–Ǥ . ˜‹‹.

(30)   •‡”‹‘—• ‘•‹†‡”ƒ–‹‘ ‘ˆ ‡ˆˆ‡ –‹˜‡‡•• “—‹ Ž› Ž‡ƒ†• –‘ ƒ ‘•‹†‡”ƒ–‹‘ ‘ˆ –Š‡ ‘’Ž‡š‹–› ‘ˆ –Š‡ ‹••—‡ ƒ† ƒ ”‡ƒŽ‹œƒ–‹‘ –Šƒ– ‡ˆˆ‡ –‹˜‡‡•• ‹• ‘– †‡–‡”‹‡† ‹ ƒ ˜ƒ ——Ǥ Šƒ– ‹•ǡ †‡–‡”‹ƒ–‹‘ –‘ †‡’Ž‘› ‘” ‘–‹—‡ —•‡ ‘ˆ ƒ –‡ Š‘Ž‘‰› ”‡•–• ‘ ‘•‹†‡”ƒ–‹‘•‘ˆ ‘•–ƒ†’”‘’‘”–‹‘ƒŽ‹–›ǡƒ•™‡ŽŽƒ•™Š‡–Š‡”‹–‹••–”‹ –Ž›‡ˆˆ‡ –‹˜‡‘” ‘–Ǥ Š‹• †‹••‡”–ƒ–‹‘ǡ –Š‡”‡ˆ‘”‡ǡ ‹ •–—†›‹‰ Š‘™ ‡ˆˆ‡ –‹˜‡‡•• ‹• ‡˜ƒŽ—ƒ–‡†ǡ ƒŽ•‘ ƒƒŽ›œ‡• Š‘™ ‘•– ƒ† ’”‘’‘”–‹‘ƒŽ‹–› ƒ”‡ ‘•‹†‡”‡† ‹ –Š‹• ƒ••‡••‡–Ǥ Š‹• ‹• ”‡ˆ‡””‡† –‘ ƒ• Dz‘˜‡”ƒŽŽ ‡ˆˆ‡ –‹˜‡‡••ǡdz ™Š‹ Š ‹ Ž—†‡• –Š‡ ‡Ž‡‡–• ‘ˆ ‘•–ǡ ’”‘’‘”–‹‘ƒŽ‹–›ǡƒ†Dz•–”‹ –‡ˆˆ‡ –‹˜‡‡••Ǥdz  ‹”–—ƒŽŽ› ‡˜‡”›‘‡ǡ ™Š‡–Š‡” ‘• ‹‘—• ‘ˆ ‹– ‘” ‘–ǡ Šƒ• ƒ ‹–‡”‡•– ‹ •—”˜‡‹ŽŽƒ ‡ –‡ Š‘Ž‘‰› „‡‹‰ ‡ˆˆ‡ –‹˜‡Ǥ Š‹• ‹ Ž—†‡• –Š‡ ‰‡‡”ƒŽ ’—„Ž‹ ǡ Žƒ™ ‡ˆ‘” ‡‡– ƒ† ‹–‡ŽŽ‹‰‡ ‡‘ˆˆ‹ ‹ƒŽ•™Š‘—•‡–Š‡–‡ Š‘Ž‘‰›ǡ’”‹˜ƒ ›ƒ†˜‘ ƒ–‡•ǡ‘˜‡”•‹‰Š–„‘†‹‡•ǡƒ† ’‘Ž‹ ›ƒ‡”•Ȃ–Š‡ ‘•—‡”•‘ˆ‹–‡ŽŽ‹‰‡ ‡ǤŠ‹•Š‡šƒ‹‡•Š‘™–Š”‡‡‘ˆ–Š‡•‡ •–ƒ‡Š‘Ž†‡”‰”‘—’•‡˜ƒŽ—ƒ–‡–Š‡‡ˆˆ‡ –‹˜‡‡••‘ˆ•—”˜‡‹ŽŽƒ ‡–‡ Š‘Ž‘‰›‹‹–‡ŽŽ‹‰‡ ‡ ™‘”ǣ‹–‡ŽŽ‹‰‡ ‡’”ƒ –‹–‹‘‡”•ǡ‘˜‡”•‹‰Š–„‘†‹‡•ǡƒ†–Š‡’—„Ž‹ Ǥ•‡’ƒ”ƒ–‡ Šƒ’–‡”‹• †‡˜‘–‡†–‘‡ƒ ŠǤ  Š‡‹†‹˜‹†—ƒŽ•–—†‹‡•‘ˆ–Š‹•†‹••‡”–ƒ–‹‘ƒ”‡ƒ•ˆ‘ŽŽ‘™•ǣ  Š‡ˆ‹”•–•–—†›ǡ‹Šƒ’–‡”ʹǡŽƒ›•ƒ‰”‘—†™‘”‘ˆ‡šƒ‹‹‰•‡˜‡”ƒŽƒ–‹‘ƒŽ‡ —”‹–› ‰‡ ›ȋȌ•—”˜‡‹ŽŽƒ ‡–‡ Š‘Ž‘‰‹‡•ǣ™‹”‡–ƒ’•ǡ

(31) ǡ†‡ ”›’–‹‘ǡ‡š’Ž‘‹–ƒ–‹‘ǡƒ† ƒƒŽ›•‹•–‘‘Ž•ƒ††ƒ–ƒ„ƒ•‡•ǤŠ‹•’”‘˜‹†‡•ƒ‰‡‡”ƒŽˆ”ƒ‡™‘”‘ˆ•‘‡‘ˆ–Š‡‹†•‘ˆ –‡ Š‘Ž‘‰‹‡•‡’Ž‘›‡†„›‹–‡ŽŽ‹‰‡ ‡•‡”˜‹ ‡•ǤŠ‡ˆ‘ —•‘–Š‡™ƒ•ƒ”‡•—Ž–‘ˆ–Š‡ ‡–‡”•–ƒ‰‡’‘•‹–‹‘ˆ‘” ‡†—’‘–Š‹•ƒ‰‡ ›ƒ†‹–••—”˜‡‹ŽŽƒ ‡†—‡–‘–Š‡‘™†‡ Ž‡ƒ•ǡ™Š‹ ŠŽ‡†–‘–Š‡•‡–›’‡•‘ˆ –‡ Š‘Ž‘‰‹‡•„‡‹‰ƒ––Š‡ ‡–‡”‘ˆ–Š‡•—”˜‡‹ŽŽƒ ‡ †‡„ƒ–‡ǤŠ‡•‡–‡ Š‘Ž‘‰‹‡•™‡”‡ƒƒŽ›œ‡†–‘—†‡”•–ƒ†Š‘™–Š‡›ˆ— –‹‘ƒ†™Šƒ– –Š‡›†‘ǡƒ†–‘™Šƒ–‡š–‡––Š‡Žƒ„‡ŽDzƒ•••—”˜‡‹ŽŽƒ ‡ǡdzƒ ƒ–‡‰‘”‹œƒ–‹‘ƒ••‹‰‡†„› –Š‡ ‡†‹ƒǡ ™ƒ• ƒ —”ƒ–‡Ž› ƒ’’Ž‹‡†Ǥ ȋŽ–Š‘—‰Š –Š‡ ‡†‹ƒ —•‡† –Š‡ –‡” Dzƒ•• •—”˜‡‹ŽŽƒ ‡dzŠ‡”‡™‡”‡’Žƒ ‡‹–™‹–ŠDz„—Ž ‘ŽŽ‡ –‹‘ǤdzȌ  Š‹• Šƒ’–‡” —––Š”‘—‰ŠƒŽ‘–‘ˆ–Š‡‘‹•‡•—””‘—†‹‰ǯ••—”˜‡‹ŽŽƒ ‡–‡ Š‘Ž‘‰‹‡•ǡ –‘ƒƒŽ›œ‡–Š‡‹” ƒ’ƒ„‹Ž‹–‹‡•ƒ† Žƒ••‹ˆ›–Š‡‘ƒ• ƒŽ‡‘ˆ–ƒ”‰‡–‡†–‘„—Ž ‘ŽŽ‡ –‹‘ –‡ Š‘Ž‘‰›ǤŠ‡”‡•—Ž–•‹ˆ‘”–Š‡”‡•–‘ˆ–Š‡†‹••‡”–ƒ–‹‘™‹–Šƒ—†‡”•–ƒ†‹‰‘ˆ–Š‡ ‹†• ‘ˆ –‡ Š‘Ž‘‰‹‡• —†‡” †‹• —••‹‘Ǥ  –Š‡ ‘‡ Šƒ†ǡ –Š‡› †‡‘•–”ƒ–‡ –Šƒ– –Š‹• †‹• ‘—”•‡‹ Ž—†‡•ƒ™‹†‡”ƒ‰‡‘ˆ–‡ Š‘Ž‘‰‹‡•Ȃˆ”‘„—Ž ‘ŽŽ‡ –‹‘–‘–ƒ”‰‡–‡†ǡ™‹–Š ˜ƒ”‹‘—• ‹Ǧ„‡–™‡‡ ’‘••‹„‹Ž‹–‹‡•Ǥ  –Š‡ ‘–Š‡” Šƒ†ǡ –Š‡› Š‡Ž’ ‹ —†‡”•–ƒ†‹‰ –Šƒ– ™Š‡•–ƒ‡Š‘Ž†‡”•†‡„ƒ–‡“—‡•–‹‘•‘ˆ’”‘’‘”–‹‘ƒŽ‹–›ǡ–Š‡›Šƒ˜‡–‡ Š‘Ž‘‰‹‡• ƒ’ƒ„Ž‡ ‘ˆ„—Ž ‘ŽŽ‡ –‹‘‹‹†Ǥ  ˜‹‹‹.

(32) Šƒ’–‡”͵‹˜‡•–‹‰ƒ–‡•™Šƒ–‹–‡ŽŽ‹‰‡ ‡’”ƒ –‹–‹‘‡”••ƒ›”‡‰ƒ”†‹‰–Š‡‡ˆˆ‡ –‹˜‡‡••‘ˆ •—”˜‡‹ŽŽƒ ‡–‡ Š‘Ž‘‰›ǤŠ‹Ž‡‹–‹•‹’‘••‹„Ž‡–‘ˆ—ŽŽ›‘™how’”ƒ –‹–‹‘‡”•‡˜ƒŽ—ƒ–‡ǡ ‰‹˜‡ –Š‡ Žƒ••‹ˆ‹‡† ƒ–—”‡ ‘ˆ –Š‡‹” ™‘”ǡ ƒƒŽ›•‹• ‘ˆ –Š‡‹” •–ƒ–‡‡–• ”‡‰ƒ”†‹‰ ‡ˆˆ‡ –‹˜‡‡•• •Š‡†• ‡‘—‰Š Ž‹‰Š– ‘ –Š‡ •—„Œ‡ – –‘ †‡–‡”‹‡ ™Šƒ– ‡ƒ•—”‡• ‘ˆ ‡ˆˆ‡ –‹˜‡‡••–Š‡›˜ƒŽ—‡ǤŠ‹••–—†›ƒƒŽ›œ‡†’—„Ž‹ •–ƒ–‡‡–•ƒ†‡„›–Š‡†‹”‡ –‘”•‘ˆ –Š‡ ǤǤǯ•  ƒ† ‡–”ƒŽ

(33) –‡ŽŽ‹‰‡ ‡ ‰‡ › ȋ

(34) Ȍ ƒ† –Š‡ ǤǤǯ• ‘˜‡”‡– ‘—‹ ƒ–‹‘• ‡ƒ†“—ƒ”–‡”• ȋ  Ȍ ˆ”‘ ʹͲͲ͸ ƒ† ʹͲͳ͸ǡ ƒ† ‘†— –‡† ͺ ‹–‡”˜‹‡™•‘ˆ‘ˆˆ‹ ‹ƒŽ•‹˜‘Ž˜‡†‹–Š‡‘—–’—–‘ˆ‹–‡ŽŽ‹‰‡ ‡Ǥ  ‹†‹‰••Š‘™‡†‡ˆˆ‡ –‹˜‡‡••‡˜ƒŽ—ƒ–‹‘•–‘„‡Žƒ ‹‰Ǣ–Š‡›ƒŽ•‘—˜‡‹Ž‡†ǡŠ‘™‡˜‡”ǡ •‡˜‡‡ƒ•—”‡•‘ˆ‡ˆˆ‡ –‹˜‡‡••˜ƒŽ—‡†„›‹–‡ŽŽ‹‰‡ ‡‘ˆˆ‹ ‹ƒŽ•ǤŠ‡•‡‡ƒ•—”‡•™‡”‡ ‘–‹†‡–‹ˆ‹‡†ˆ”‘‡˜ƒŽ—ƒ–‹‘•’‡”ˆ‘”‡†ǡ„—–™‡”‡†—‰‘—–‘ˆ’”ƒ –‹–‹‘‡”•ǯ†‹• ‘—”•‡ ‘•—”˜‡‹ŽŽƒ ‡–‡ Š‘Ž‘‰›ǤŠ‡‡ƒ•—”‡•™‡”‡ǣƒ––ƒ •–Š™ƒ”–‡†ǡŽ‹˜‡••ƒ˜‡†ǡ ”‹‹ƒŽ ‘”‰ƒ‹œƒ–‹‘• †‡•–”‘›‡†ǡ ‘—–’—– ȋ”‡’‘”–• ‰‡‡”ƒ–‡† ƒ† †ƒ–ƒ —•‡† ‹ ”‹‹ƒŽ ƒ•‡•Ȍǡ ‘–‡š– ȋŠ‘™ •—”˜‡‹ŽŽƒ ‡ ’”‘‰”ƒ• ‘’Ž‡‡– ‘–Š‡” –‘‘Ž•Ȍǡ •—’’‘”– ”‡†‡”‡† –‘ ‘–Š‡”ƒ‰‡ ‹‡•ǡƒ†ƒ‹ˆ‘”‡†’‘Ž‹ ›Ǧƒ‡”ǤŠ‹Ž‡–Š‡•—„Œ‡ –‘ˆ ‘•–†‹†‘–‘ˆ–‡ ƒ’’‡ƒ” ‹ –Š‡ †ƒ–ƒ ƒƒŽ›œ‡†ǡ ‘•– ‘•‹†‡”ƒ–‹‘• ™‡”‡ ˆ‘—† –‘ „‡ –Š‡ †”‹˜‡” „‡Š‹† ˆ‘”ƒŽ‹œ‡† ‡˜ƒŽ—ƒ–‹‘• ‘ˆ •—”˜‡‹ŽŽƒ ‡ ’”‘‰”ƒ•Ǥ ˆˆ‡ –‹˜‡‡••ǡ •–”‹ –Ž› •’‡ƒ‹‰ǡ ™ƒ• ”ƒ”‡Ž› •’‘‡ ‘ˆǡ „—– ™Š‡ ‹– ™ƒ• ƒ††”‡••‡† ‹– ™ƒ• —•—ƒŽŽ› ‹ –Š‡ ‘–‡š– ‘ˆ ‘•–Ǥ ”‘’‘”–‹‘ƒŽ‹–›ǡ ‘ –Š‡ ‘–Š‡” Šƒ†ǡ ™ƒ• ƒ — ŠǦ†‹• —••‡† –‘’‹ Ǥ

(35) –‡ŽŽ‹‰‡ ‡ ‘ˆˆ‹ ‹ƒŽ• ‘•‹†‡” ’”‘’‘”–‹‘ƒŽ‹–› –‘ „‡ ‡•–ƒ„Ž‹•Š‡† „› –Š‡ Žƒ™ ƒ† ‘˜‡”•‹‰Š– „‘†‹‡•Ǣ –Š‡› –Š‡•‡Ž˜‡•–Š‡ƒ –™‹–Š‹–Š‡•‡’ƒ”ƒ‡–‡”•Ǥ‹‰‹ˆ‹ ƒ–Ž›ǡ’”ƒ –‹–‹‘‡”•ƒ‡ƒ•Šƒ”’ †‹•–‹ –‹‘ „‡–™‡‡ „—Ž †ƒ–ƒ ‘ŽŽ‡ –‡† ƒ ‘”†‹‰ –‘ ƒŽ‰‘”‹–Š•ǡ ƒ† –Š‡ Ž‹‹–‡† •‡Ž‡ –‹‘‘ˆ–Š‹•†ƒ–ƒ–Šƒ–‹••‡‡„›Š—ƒ‡›‡•Ǥ  Šƒ’–‡”Ͷ–—”•–‘‘˜‡”•‹‰Š–„‘†‹‡•ƒ†–Š‡‹”‡˜ƒŽ—ƒ–‹‘‘ˆ‡ˆˆ‡ –‹˜‡‡••Ǥ

(36) –•–—†‹‡•–Š‡ ‘˜‡”•‹‰Š– „‘†‹‡• ‘ˆ –Š‡ ǡ 

(37) ǡ ƒ†  ǡ ƒƒŽ›œ‹‰ –Š‡ ’—„Ž‹  †‘ —‡–• ƒ† •–ƒ–‡‡–• ‹••—‡† „› –Š‡•‡ „‘†‹‡• ˆ”‘ ʹͲͲ͸ –‘ ʹͲͳ͸Ǥ Š‹• •–—†› ˆ‘—† –Šƒ– Ž‹‡ ‹–‡ŽŽ‹‰‡ ‡’”ƒ –‹–‹‘‡”•ǡ‘˜‡”•‹‰Š–„‘†‹‡•”ƒ”‡Ž›–”‡ƒ––Š‡“—‡•–‹‘‘ˆ–Š‡‡ˆˆ‡ –‹˜‡‡•• ‘ˆ •—”˜‡‹ŽŽƒ ‡ –‡ Š‘Ž‘‰›Ǥ Ž› ‘‡ ‹•–ƒ ‡ ™ƒ• ˆ‘—† ‹ ™Š‹ Š ƒ ‘˜‡”•‹‰Š– „‘†› †‹”‡ –Ž›ƒ††”‡••‡†–Š‹•‹••—‡Ǥƒ–Š‡”ǡ‘˜‡”•‹‰Š–„‘†‹‡•Ž‘‘–‘ƒ† ƒŽŽ‘‹–‡ŽŽ‹‰‡ ‡ ƒ‰‡ ‹‡•–‘’‡”ˆ‘”•— Š‡˜ƒŽ—ƒ–‹‘ǤƒŽ—‡•ƒ†‡ƒ•—”‡•‘ˆ‡ˆˆ‡ –‹˜‡‡••–Šƒ–‘˜‡”•‹‰Š– „‘†‹‡• Š‘Ž† ‹””‘” –Š‘•‡ ‘ˆ ‹–‡ŽŽ‹‰‡ ‡ ‘ˆˆ‹ ‹ƒŽ•Ǥ Š‡•‡ ˆ‹†‹‰• ’‘‹– –‘ ƒ ȋ’‡”Šƒ’• ‹‡˜‹–ƒ„Ž‡Ȍ†‡’‡†‡ ›‘ˆ‘˜‡”•‹‰Š–„‘†‹‡•‘‹–‡ŽŽ‹‰‡ ‡‘ˆˆ‹ ‹ƒŽ•ǡ™Š‘™‘”™‹–Šƒ† ‘™–Š‡•—”˜‡‹ŽŽƒ ‡–‡ Š‘Ž‘‰›ǡ–‘‹†‹ ƒ–‡Š‘™–‘ƒ••‡••–Š‡–‡ Š‘Ž‘‰›ƒ†–‘ ƒ””› ‘—– –Š‡ ‡˜ƒŽ—ƒ–‹‘Ǥ Š‹• Šƒ’–‡” —‡ƒ”–Š‡† ƒ –”‹Ž‡ƒ ‘ˆ •— ‡••ˆ—ŽŽ› ‡˜ƒŽ—ƒ–‹‰ –Š‡ –Š”‡‡ ‡Ž‡‡–• ‘ˆ ‡ˆˆ‡ –‹˜‡‡••ǡ ‘•–ǡ ƒ† ’”‘’‘”–‹‘ƒŽ‹–› •‹—Ž–ƒ‡‘—•Ž›Ǥ ˜‡”•‹‰Š– ‡ Šƒ‹••ƒ”‡–›’‹ ƒŽŽ›‡•–ƒ„Ž‹•Š‡†–‘‘˜‡”•‡‡‘‡‘ˆ–Š‡•‡–Š”‡‡‡Ž‡‡–•ǡˆ‘ —•‹‰ ‘ “—‡•–‹‘• ‘ˆ „—†‰‡– ‘” Ž‡‰ƒŽ‹–›ǡ ˆ‘” ‡šƒ’Ž‡Ǥ ˜‡ ‹ ƒ•‡• ™Š‡”‡ –Š‡‹” ƒ†ƒ–‡ ‘˜‡”•ƒŽŽ–Š”‡‡ǡ–Š‡›‡˜‡”‡˜ƒŽ—ƒ–‡ƒŽŽ–Š”‡‡•‹—Ž–ƒ‡‘—•Ž›ǤŠ‡•‡ƒ”‡–Š”‡‡ ‘ˆŽ‹ –‹‰ . ‹š.

(38) ‰‘ƒŽ•ǡƒ‹‰‹–ƒ‹’‘••‹„Ž‡–”‹Ž‡ƒˆ‘”ƒ‘˜‡”•‹‰Š–„‘†›–‘•— ‡••ˆ—ŽŽ›ƒ††”‡••ƒŽŽ –Š”‡‡ƒ–‘ ‡Ǥ  Šƒ’–‡”ͷ•–—†‹‡•–Š‡’—„Ž‹ ƒ•ƒ•–ƒ‡Š‘Ž†‡”ǡ—•‹‰•—”˜‡›•‘ˆ—– Š•–—†‡–•ƒ†–Š‡‹” ’ƒ”‡–•‘˜‡”–Š”‡‡ ‘•‡ —–‹˜‡›‡ƒ”•ǤŠ‡•–—†›™ƒ•†‡•‹‰‡†–‘‡šƒ‹‡–Š‡’—„Ž‹ ǯ• ˜‹‡™• ‘ –Š‡ ‡ˆˆ‡ –‹˜‡‡•• ‘ˆ •—”˜‡‹ŽŽƒ ‡ –‡ Š‘Ž‘‰›ǡ ƒ† –Š‡ ”‡Žƒ–‹‘ „‡–™‡‡ ‹–• ’‡” ‡’–‹‘• ‘ˆ ‡ˆˆ‡ –‹˜‡‡•• ƒ† ˜‹‡™• ‘ ’”‹˜ƒ ›ǡ ƒ† ‡ˆˆ‡ –‹˜‡‡•• ƒ† ˜‹‡™• ‘ ƒ ‡’–ƒ„Ž‡ ‘•–‘ˆ•—”˜‡‹ŽŽƒ ‡–‡ Š‘Ž‘‰›Ǥ ‹†‹‰•‹†‹ ƒ–‡†–Šƒ––Š‡’—„Ž‹ †‘‡•‘– ‡‰ƒ‰‡ ‹ ƒ –”ƒ†‡Ǧ‘ˆˆ ™‹–Š ”‡‰ƒ”† –‘ ‡ˆˆ‡ –‹˜‡‡••Ǧ’”‹˜ƒ ›ǡ ‘” ™‹–Š ”‡‰ƒ”† –‘ ‡ˆˆ‡ –‹˜‡‡••Ǧ ‘•–ǡ „—– ”ƒ–Š‡” ‡š’‡ –• ƒŽŽ –Š”‡‡ Ȃ ‡ˆˆ‡ –‹˜‡‡••ǡ ’”‹˜ƒ ›ǡ ‘•– Ȃ –‘ „‡ †‡Ž‹˜‡”‡†•‹—Ž–ƒ‡‘—•Ž›Ǥ—’’‘”–‹‰‘–Š‡”•–—†‹‡•ǡ–Š‹•™‘”‹†‹ ƒ–‡†–Šƒ–’‡‘’Ž‡–‡† –‘„‡†‹˜‹†‡†‹–‘‰”‘—’•‘ˆ„‡‹‰‡‹–Š‡”–”—•–‹‰‘” ‘ ‡”‡†ǤŠ‘•‡–Šƒ–ƒ”‡–”—•–‹‰ „‡Ž‹‡˜‡•—”˜‡‹ŽŽƒ ‡–‡ Š‘Ž‘‰›–‘„‡‡ˆˆ‡ –‹˜‡ƒ†‘Ǧ’”‹˜ƒ ›‹˜ƒ•‹˜‡ǡ™Š‹Ž‡–Š‘•‡–Šƒ– ƒ”‡ ‘ ‡”‡†ˆ‹†•—”˜‡‹ŽŽƒ ‡–‡ Š‘Ž‘‰›–‘„‡„‘–Š‹‡ˆˆ‡ –‹˜‡ƒ†‹˜ƒ•‹˜‡‘ˆ–Š‡‹” ’”‹˜ƒ ›ǤŠ‹• Šƒ’–‡”ˆ‘—†–Šƒ––Š‡•‡‰”‘—’•ƒ›„‡ƒ‰‡Ǧ†‡’‡†‡–ǡ™‹–Š•–—†‡–•‘– ›‡–•‘Ž‹†‹ˆ‹‡†‹–‘„‡‹‰‡‹–Š‡”—‹ˆ‘”Ž›–”—•–‹‰‘” ‘ ‡”‡†Ǥ  Šƒ’–‡” ͸ ”‡˜‹•‹–‡† –Š‡ ˆ‹†‹‰• ‹ Šƒ’–‡”• ͵ ƒ† Ͷ ‘ˆ ‹–‡ŽŽ‹‰‡ ‡ ’”ƒ –‹–‹‘‡”• ƒ† ‘˜‡”•‹‰Š–„‘†‹‡•”ƒ”‡Ž›ƒ††”‡••‹‰–Š‡“—‡•–‹‘‘ˆ‡ˆˆ‡ –‹˜‡‡••ǡ–‘†‹‰†‡‡’‡”ƒ†ˆ‹† –Š‡•‘—” ‡‘ˆ–Š‹•Žƒ ǤŠ‹••–—†›„‡‰ƒ™‹–Š–Š‡Š›’‘–Š‡•‹•–Šƒ–„—”‡ƒ— ”ƒ ›ƒ›„‡ƒ ”‘‘– ƒ—•‡ǡƒ†—•‡† ƒ‡•Ǥ‹Ž•‘ǯ•™‘”–‘‡šƒ‹‡–Š‹•Š›’‘–Š‡•‹•ǤŠ‡”‡•—Ž–•‘ˆ –Š‹•”‡•‡ƒ” Šˆ‘—†–Š‡Š›’‘–Š‡•‹•–‘„‡ ‘””‡ –Ǥ—”‡ƒ— ”ƒ ›‹†‡‘ ”ƒ ‹‡•”‡•—Ž–•‹ ‹–‡ŽŽ‹‰‡ ‡ƒ‰‡ ‹‡•Šƒ˜‹‰ ‘ˆŽ‹ –‹‰‰‘ƒŽ•„‡ ƒ—•‡–Š‡Ž‡‰‹•Žƒ–‹˜‡„‘†‹‡•–Šƒ–†‹”‡ – –Š‡ ƒ‘–†‡ ‹†‡™Š‹ Š‰‘ƒŽ–‘‰‹˜‡’”‹‘”‹–›Ǣ‹‹–‡ŽŽ‹‰‡ ‡ƒ‰‡ ‹‡•„‡‹‰’”‘ ‡†—”ƒŽ ‘”‰ƒ‹œƒ–‹‘•™Š‹ Š‡ƒ•–Š‡›ƒ”‡†‹ˆˆ‹ —Ž––‘‘˜‡”•‡‡ƒ†–Š‡‹”‘—– ‘‡•†‹ˆˆ‹ —Ž––‘ ‡˜ƒŽ—ƒ–‡Ǣ ‹ ‘˜‡”•‹‰Š– „‘†‹‡• ‡•–ƒ„Ž‹•Š‹‰ ”—Ž‡• ƒ† ’”‘ ‡†—”‡• „—– ‘– Š‡Ž’‹‰ ‹ ƒ••‡••‹‰‹ˆ–Š‡Œ‘„Šƒ•„‡‡†‘‡™‡ŽŽǢ‹™‘”‡”•ƒ†ƒƒ‰‡”•Šƒ˜‹‰ƒ‹ Ž‹ƒ–‹‘ –‘™ƒ”†™Šƒ–‹•‡ƒ•‹‡”–‘’‡”ˆ‘”ƒ†‡ƒ•—”‡ȋ ‘•–ƒ†Ž‡‰ƒŽ‹–›˜•Ǥ‡ˆˆ‡ –‹˜‡‡••ȌǢƒ† ‹’‘Ž‹–‹ •‹ƒ†‡‘ ”ƒ ›”‡•—Ž–‹‰‹‰‘˜‡”‡–„‡‹‰„‘—†–‘‹–• ‘•–‹–—‡–•ƒ† –Š‡‹” ‘ˆŽ‹ –‹‰†‡ƒ†•Ǥ 

(39)  ƒ•™‡” –‘ –Š‡ ƒ‹ ”‡•‡ƒ” Š “—‡•–‹‘ ‘ˆ Š‘™ –Š‡ ‡ˆˆ‡ –‹˜‡‡•• ‘ˆ •—”˜‡‹ŽŽƒ ‡ –‡ Š‘Ž‘‰›‹•‡˜ƒŽ—ƒ–‡†‹‹–‡ŽŽ‹‰‡ ‡™‘”ǡ–Š‹•†‹••‡”–ƒ–‹‘ˆ‘—†–Šƒ–‡ˆˆ‡ –‹˜‡‡•• ‡˜ƒŽ—ƒ–‹‘‹•Žƒ ‹‰ǤŽ›–™‘‹•–ƒ ‡•‘ˆ‡˜ƒŽ—ƒ–‹‘™‡”‡‹†‡–‹ˆ‹‡†ƒ†–Š‡•‡™‡”‡ ‘‡Ǧ‘ˆˆ ƒ••‡••‡–•Ǥ Š‹Ž‡ –Š‡ ”‡•‡ƒ” Š ‹†‡–‹ˆ‹‡† ‡ƒ•—”‡• ‘ˆ ‡ˆˆ‡ –‹˜‡‡•• –Šƒ– ‹–‡ŽŽ‹‰‡ ‡’”ƒ –‹–‹‘‡”•ƒ†‘˜‡”•‹‰Š–„‘†‹‡•˜ƒŽ—‡ǡƒ –—ƒŽ‡˜ƒŽ—ƒ–‹‘‹•Žƒ”‰‡Ž›ƒ„•‡–Ǥ Š‹• Žƒ  ƒ „‡ ƒ––”‹„—–‡† –‘ „—”‡ƒ— ”ƒ–‹  ‘•–”ƒ‹–• ˆ‘—† ‹ ƒ †‡‘ ”ƒ ›ǡ ™Š‹ Š ”‡•—Ž–‹ ‘ˆŽ‹ –‹‰‰‘ƒŽ•ǡ‡’Ž‘›‡‡• ‘ ‡–”ƒ–‹‰‘™Šƒ–‹•‘”‡‡ƒ•‹Ž›‡ƒ•—”ƒ„Ž‡ ȋ‡Ǥ‰Ǥ ‘•–”ƒ–Š‡”–Šƒ‡ˆˆ‡ –‹˜‡‡••Ȍǡƒ†‹–‡ŽŽ‹‰‡ ‡ƒ‰‡ ‹‡•„‡‹‰†‹ˆˆ‹ —Ž––‘‘˜‡”•‡‡ ƒ†™‹–Š‘—– ‘‡•‡Ž—•‹˜‡–‘‡˜ƒŽ—ƒ–‹‘Ǥ ‘™–Š‡’—„Ž‹ ˜‹‡™•‡ˆˆ‡ –‹˜‡‡••‡˜ƒŽ—ƒ–‹‘ š.

(40) ‹• †‹ƒ‡–”‹ ƒŽŽ› ‘’’‘•‡† –‘ –Š‡ ƒ’’”‘ƒ Š ‘ˆ ‰‘˜‡”‡– •–ƒ‡Š‘Ž†‡”•Ǥ Š‡ ’—„Ž‹  †‡ƒ†• ‡ˆˆ‡ –‹˜‡ •—”˜‡‹ŽŽƒ ‡ –‡ Š‘Ž‘‰›ǡ ƒ– ƒ ”‡ƒ•‘ƒ„Ž‡ ‘•–ǡ ™Š‹Ž‡ ’”‘–‡ –‹‰ ’”‹˜ƒ ›ǡ™Š‹Ž‡–Š‡‰‘˜‡”‡–”‡ ‘‰‹œ‡•ƒ‹’‘••‹„Ž‡–”‹Ž‡ƒ‘ˆ†‡Ž‹˜‡”‹‰ƒŽŽ–Š”‡‡ ‘ˆ–Š‡•‡ˆƒ –‘”••‹—Ž–ƒ‡‘—•Ž›Ǥ  ‡‘ ”ƒ–‹ ‰‘˜‡”‡–•ǡ–Š—•ǡˆ‹†–Š‡•‡Ž˜‡•‹ƒ‹’‘••‹„Ž‡•‹–—ƒ–‹‘‘ˆ–”›‹‰–‘ •‹—Ž–ƒ‡‘—•Ž›‡‡–ƒŽŽ–Š‡’—„Ž‹ ǯ• ‘ˆŽ‹ –‹‰†‡ƒ†•ǡ™Š‹Ž‡‹”‡ƒŽ‹–›„‡‹‰ˆ‘” ‡†–‘ ’‡”ˆ‘” –”ƒ†‡Ǧ‘ˆˆ•Ǥ • ƒ ’‘••‹„Ž‡ ™ƒ› ‘—– ‘ˆ –Š‹• ‹’ƒ••‡ǡ –Š‹• Š ’”‘’‘•‡• ƒ ‹†‡’‡†‡– –Š‹”†Ǧ’ƒ”–› ‡˜ƒŽ—ƒ–‹‘ ‘ˆ ‘˜‡”ƒŽŽ ‡ˆˆ‡ –‹˜‡‡•• ȋ•–”‹ – ‡ˆˆ‡ –‹˜‡‡••ǡ ‘•–ǡ ƒ†’”‘’‘”–‹‘ƒŽ‹–›ȌǤŠ‡”‡˜‹‡™‡”™‘—Ž†„‡Š‹‰ŠŽ›“—ƒŽ‹ˆ‹‡†ǡ’‘••‡••‹‰–Š‡‡ ‡••ƒ”› •‡ —”‹–› Ž‡ƒ”ƒ ‡• ƒ† Šƒ˜‹‰ ƒ ‡•• –‘ Žƒ••‹ˆ‹‡† ‹ˆ‘”ƒ–‹‘ǡ „—– –Š‡ ”‡’‘”– ‹–•‡Žˆ ™‘—Ž†„‡ˆ—ŽŽ›’—„Ž‹ ǤŠ‹•ƒ’’”‘ƒ Š™‘—Ž†„”‹‰‡‰Ž‡ –‡†‡Ž‡‡–•‘ˆ‡ˆˆ‡ –‹˜‡‡•• ‹–‘ –Š‡ †‡„ƒ–‡ǡ ƒ• ™‡ŽŽ ƒ• „”‡ƒ –Š‡ Šƒ”‰‡† •–ƒ”–‹‰ ’‘‹– ‘ˆ •‡ —”‹–› ˜•Ǥ ’”‹˜ƒ ›Ǥ

(41) – ™‘—Ž†ƒŽ•‘’”‘˜‹†‡‘”‡–”ƒ•’ƒ”‡ ›ǡƒ‡ ‡••ƒ”›‡Ž‡‡–ˆ‘”‹–‡ŽŽ‹‰‡ ‡ƒ‰‡ ‹‡•–‘ ‰ƒ‹–Š‡’—„Ž‹ ǯ•–”—•–Ǥ  Š‹•†‹••‡”–ƒ–‹‘ ‘ Ž—†‡• ™‹–Š ƒ ”‡ˆŽ‡ –‹‘ ‘ƒ††‹–‹‘ƒŽƒ –‘”• ‹–Š‡ ‡ˆˆ‡ –‹˜‡‡•• †‡„ƒ–‡ǡ ƒ† ƒ †‹• —••‹‘ ‘ˆ ˆ”ƒ‡™‘”• ƒ† –”—•–Ǥ ™‘ ˆ”ƒ‡™‘”• ˆ‘” ‡˜ƒŽ—ƒ–‹‰ •—”˜‡‹ŽŽƒ ‡–‡ Š‘Ž‘‰› ™‡”‡ †‡˜‡Ž‘’‡† ‹ ‘‡ –‹‘ ™‹–Š –Š‹• ŠǢ –Š‡†‹Ž‡ƒ ‘ˆ •— Šƒƒ’’”‘ƒ Š‹•†‹• —••‡†ǤŠƒ–‹•ǡ™Š‹Ž‡ƒ••‡••‡–‘†‡Ž•ƒ›„‡—•‡ˆ—Ž‹–Š‡‘”›ǡ ‹ˆ”‘‘– ƒ—•‡•‘ˆ–Š‡Žƒ ‘ˆ‡ˆˆ‡ –‹˜‡‡••‡˜ƒŽ—ƒ–‹‘ƒ”‡‘–‡šƒ‹‡†ƒ†ƒ††”‡••‡†ǡ –Š‡ ”‡ƒ–‹‰‡˜ƒŽ—ƒ–‹‘‘†‡Ž•„‡ ‘‡•ƒ‡’–›‡š‡” ‹•‡Ǥ— Š‘†‡Ž•™‹ŽŽ‡˜‡”„‡ —•‡†‹ˆ–Š‡”‘‘– ƒ—•‡•‘ˆ–Š‡Žƒ ƒ”‡‘–‹†‡–‹ˆ‹‡†ƒ††‡ƒŽ–™‹–ŠǤŠ‡‹••—‡‘ˆ–”—•–‹• ƒŽ•‘”ƒ‹•‡†Ǥ”‰—ƒ„Ž›ǡ–Š‡ ‘”‡‹••—‡•—””‘—†‹‰•—”˜‡‹ŽŽƒ ‡‹•‘–‹–•‡ˆˆ‡ –‹˜‡‡••‘” ‹–•‹˜ƒ•‹˜‡‡••ǡ„—–ƒƒ––‡”‘ˆ–”—•–‹–Š‡‹•–‹–—–‹‘• ‘†— –‹‰‹–Ǥ  ‹‹–ƒ–‹‘•–‘–Š‹•”‡•‡ƒ” Š‹ Ž—†‡–Š‡†‡ ‹•‹‘–‘ˆ‘ —•‘‹–‡ŽŽ‹‰‡ ‡™‘”ǡ™Š‹ Š‹• ˆ‘” ‹„Ž›•‡ ”‡–Ǥ‡Ž›‹‰‘‘’‡•‘—” ‡•‡ƒ•–Š‡’‹ –—”‡‘ˆ‹–‡ŽŽ‹‰‡ ‡ƒ‰‡ ‹‡•ǯƒ† –Š‡‹”‘˜‡”•‹‰Š–„‘†‹‡•ǯ–”‡ƒ–‡–‘ˆ‡ˆˆ‡ –‹˜‡‡••‹•’‡”Šƒ’•‹ ‘’Ž‡–‡Ǥ ‘”–Š‡•–—†› ‘–Š‡’—„Ž‹ ǡ—– Š•–—†‡–•ƒ†–Š‡‹”’ƒ”‡–•™‡”‡–Š‡•—„Œ‡ –•ǡ™‹–Š•—”˜‡›“—‡•–‹‘• ˆ‘ —•‹‰‘ ‡”–ƒ‹ –›’‡• ƒ† • ‡ƒ”‹‘• ‘ˆ •—”˜‡‹ŽŽƒ ‡ –‡ Š‘Ž‘‰›Ǥ ‹ˆˆ‡”‡––›’‡• ‘ˆ –‡ Š‘Ž‘‰›‹†‹ˆˆ‡”‡–• ‡ƒ”‹‘•ƒ†Ȁ‘”ƒ‘–Š‡”•‡ –‘”‘ˆ–Š‡’—„Ž‹ ƒ››‹‡Ž††‹ˆˆ‡”‡– ”‡•—Ž–•Ǥ ƒ•–Ž›ǡ ‹ ‘”†‡” –‘ ˆƒ ‹Ž‹–ƒ–‡ ”‡•‡ƒ” Šǡ •Ž‹‰Š–Ž› ˜ƒ”›‹‰ ƒ‰Ž‡• ™‡”‡ –ƒ‡ ‘ ƒƒŽ›œ‹‰ –Š‡ ˜ƒ”‹‘—• •–ƒ‡Š‘Ž†‡”•ǣ ‹–‡ŽŽ‹‰‡ ‡ ’”ƒ –‹–‹‘‡”•ǯ •–ƒ–‡‡–• ‘ ‡ˆˆ‡ –‹˜‡‡••ǡ ‘˜‡”•‹‰Š– „‘†‹‡•ǯ ‡˜ƒŽ—ƒ–‹‘ ‘ˆ ‡ˆˆ‡ –‹˜‡‡••ǡ ƒ† ’—„Ž‹  ˜‹‡™• ‘ ‡ˆˆ‡ –‹˜‡‡••Ǥ  Š‹•†‹••‡”–ƒ–‹‘Šƒ•• ‹‡–‹ˆ‹ ‹’Ž‹ ƒ–‹‘•„‘–Š™‹–Š‹ƒ†‘—–•‹†‡–Š‡•‡ —”‹–›ˆ‹‡Ž†Ǥ ‘”‡šƒ’Ž‡ǡ–Š‡•‡ —”‹–›–”‹Ž‡ƒƒ†‹–• ‘ˆŽ‹ –‹‰‰‘ƒŽ•‘ˆ‡ˆˆ‡ –‹˜‡‡••ǡ ‘•–ǡƒ† ’”‘’‘”–‹‘ƒŽ‹–› ‘—Ž†„‡ƒ’’Ž‹‡†–‘•ƒ”–‡–‡”‹‰ǡ ‘‡” ‹ƒŽ ‘ŽŽ‡ –‹‘ƒ†—•‡‘ˆ . š‹.

(42) ‘Ž‹‡†ƒ–ƒǡƒ†Š‡ƒŽ–Š ƒ”‡‘‹–‘”‹‰•›•–‡•Ȃƒ”‡ƒ•–Šƒ–ƒ”‡ǡ‹ˆƒ –ǡ•—”˜‡‹ŽŽƒ ‡‘ˆ ƒ‘–Š‡”‹†ǤŠ‡ˆ‹†‹‰‘ˆ–Š‡Žƒ ‘ˆ‡ˆˆ‡ –‹˜‡‡••‡˜ƒŽ—ƒ–‹‘ ‘—Ž†ƒŽ•‘„‡ƒ’’Ž‹‡†–‘ ‘–Š‡” ƒ”‡ƒ• ȋ‡Ǥ‰Ǥ –Š‡ ’”‹˜ƒ–‡ •‡ –‘”ǡ ‡˜‹”‘‡–ƒŽ ’”‘‰”ƒ•Ȍ –‘ †‡–‡”‹‡ –‘ ™Šƒ– †‡‰”‡‡ ’”‘‰”ƒ• ƒ† –‡ Š‘Ž‘‰‹‡• ƒ”‡ ƒ••‡••‡† ˆ‘” ƒ –—ƒŽ ‡ˆˆ‡ –‹˜‡‡•• ‹ ‘–Š‡” †‘ƒ‹•Ǥ Š‡ ”‡ƒŽ‹–‹‡• ‘ˆ „—”‡ƒ— ”ƒ–‹  ‘•–”ƒ‹–• †‹• —••‡† ‹ –Š‹• †‹••‡”–ƒ–‹‘ ƒ”‡ ”‡Ž‡˜ƒ– ˆ‘” •–—†‹‡• ‘ ‰‘˜‡”‡– ”‡ˆ‘”•ǡ ‹–‡ŽŽ‹‰‡ ‡ ƒ† ‘˜‡”•‹‰Š– ”‡ˆ‘”•ǡ ƒ† “—‡•–‹‘•‘ˆ‰‘˜‡”ƒ ‡˜‹•ǦǦ˜‹••—”˜‡‹ŽŽƒ ‡–‡ Š‘Ž‘‰›ǤŠ‡‹†‡–‹ˆ‹‡†‡ƒ•—”‡•‘ˆ ‡ˆˆ‡ –‹˜‡‡•• ˜ƒŽ—‡† „› ‹–‡ŽŽ‹‰‡ ‡ ’”ƒ –‹–‹‘‡”• ƒ† ‘˜‡”•‹‰Š– „‘†‹‡• ƒ”‡ —•‡ˆ—Ž ˆ‘” ˆ—–—”‡”‡•‡ƒ” Š‹’”‹˜ƒ ›ƒ†‹’‘Ž‹ ›Ǥ†–Š‡‹†‡–‹ˆ‹‡†‹’ƒ••‡ ”‡ƒ–‡†„›’—„Ž‹  †‡ƒ†• –‘ †‡Ž‹˜‡” ƒŽŽ –Š”‡‡ ‡Ž‡‡–• ‘ˆ ‡ˆˆ‡ –‹˜‡‡••ǡ ‘•–ǡ ƒ† ’”‘’‘”–‹‘ƒŽ‹–› •‹—Ž–ƒ‡‘—•Ž› ˜‡”•—• –Š‡ ”‡ƒŽ‹–› ‘ˆ –Š‡ •‡ —”‹–› –”‹Ž‡ƒ ˆƒ ‡† „› –Š‡ ‰‘˜‡”‡– ‘—Ž†ȋƒ†•Š‘—Ž†Ȍ„‡‹ ‘”’‘”ƒ–‡†‹–‘ˆ—–—”‡•—”˜‡‹ŽŽƒ ‡•–—†‹‡•Ǥ  ‘ ‹ƒŽ ‹’Ž‹ ƒ–‹‘• ‹ Ž—†‡ ƒ ’”‘’‘•ƒŽ ˆ‘” ƒ ‹†‡’‡†‡– ”‡˜‹‡™‡” ‘ˆ ‘˜‡”ƒŽŽ ‡ˆˆ‡ –‹˜‡‡••Ǥ ‘”‡ ‰‡‡”ƒŽŽ› •’‡ƒ‹‰ǡ –Š‹• †‹••‡”–ƒ–‹‘ ’”‘˜‹†‡• ƒ •–ƒ”–‹‰ ’‘‹– ˆ‘” ‡•–ƒ„Ž‹•Š‹‰ ‘„Œ‡ –‹ˆ‹‡† ‡˜ƒŽ—ƒ–‹‘• ‘ˆ ‡ˆˆ‡ –‹˜‡‡••ǡ ƒ† ˆ‘” ƒ ‘”‡ Š‘‡•– †‹ƒŽ‘‰—‡ ‘ ‡”‹‰–Š‡ ‘’Ž‡š‹–‹‡•‘ˆ‡ˆˆ‡ –‹˜‡‡••ƒ••‡••‡–ǡ–Š‡•‡ —”‹–›–”‹Ž‡ƒǡƒ†–Š‡ ˆ‡––‡”• ‘ˆ „—”‡ƒ— ”ƒ ›ǡ ƒŽŽ ‘ˆ ™Š‹ Š †‹”‡ –Ž› ‹ˆŽ—‡ ‡ •—”˜‡‹ŽŽƒ ‡ –‡ Š‘Ž‘‰› ƒ† ‹–• ‡˜ƒŽ—ƒ–‹‘Ǥ             . š‹‹.

(43) Propositions   ͳȌ

(44) –‡ŽŽ‹‰‡ ‡ ƒ‰‡ ‹‡• ƒ† ‘˜‡”•‹‰Š– „‘†‹‡• ˆƒ ‡ ƒ •‡ —”‹–› –”‹Ž‡ƒ ‘ˆ „‡‹‰ ˆ‘” ‡†–‘‰‹˜‡—’‘‡‡Ž‡‡–‘ˆ•–”‹ –‡ˆˆ‡ –‹˜‡‡••ǡ ‘•–ǡ‘”’”‘’‘”–‹‘ƒŽ‹–›‹ ‘”†‡” –‘ •— ‡••ˆ—ŽŽ› †‡Ž‹˜‡” –Š‡ ‘–Š‡” –™‘Ǥ (This proposition pertains to this dissertation.)  ʹȌ Š‡•—”˜‡‹ŽŽƒ ‡†‹ƒŽ‘‰—‡‡‡†•–‘„‡‘”‡Š‘‡•–ǡ†‹• —••‹‰–Š‡ ‘’Ž‡š‹–‹‡• ‘ˆ‡˜ƒŽ—ƒ–‹‰‡ˆˆ‡ –‹˜‡‡••ǡ–Š‡•‡ —”‹–›–”‹Ž‡ƒǡƒ†„—”‡ƒ— ”ƒ–‹  ‘•–”ƒ‹–•Ǥ (This proposition pertains to this dissertation.)  ͵Ȍ  ’‘••‹„Ž‡ ’ƒ”–‹ƒŽ ”‡‡†› –‘ –Š‡ Žƒ  ‘ˆ ‡ˆˆ‡ –‹˜‡‡•• ‡˜ƒŽ—ƒ–‹‘ ‹• ƒ ‹†‡’‡†‡–”‡˜‹‡™‡”’‘••‡••‹‰–Š‡‡ ‡••ƒ”›•‡ —”‹–› Ž‡ƒ”ƒ ‡•ƒ†™”‹–‹‰ ƒ’—„Ž‹ ”‡’‘”–Ǥ(This proposition pertains to this dissertation.)  ͶȌ ‡‘ ”ƒ › ‹ –Š‡ ƒ‰‡ ‘ˆ •‘ ‹ƒŽ ‡†‹ƒ ƒ› ‘– ’”‘˜‡ ƒ„Ž‡ –‘ ™‹–Š•–ƒ† –Š‡ •—„˜‡”•‹˜‡–ƒ –‹ •‘ˆ‘Ǧ†‡‘ ”ƒ ‹‡•‹–‡†‡†–‘ˆ‘‡–ǡ†‡‡’‡ǡƒ†•‘Ž‹†‹ˆ› †‹˜‹†‡•ƒ‘‰–Š‡’‘’—Žƒ–‹‘Ǥ  ͷȌ — Š‘ˆ–Š‡•—”˜‡‹ŽŽƒ ‡†‡„ƒ–‡™‹ŽŽ ‘–‹—‡–‘ˆ‘ —•‘’”‹˜ƒ ›˜•Ǥ•‡ —”‹–› ™‹–Š‘—– — Š ˆ‘ —• ‘ ‡ˆˆ‡ –‹˜‡‡••ǡ ƒ• ’‘Ž‹–‹ ‹ƒ• ƒ† ƒ†˜‘ ƒ–‡• •‡‡ ‘—– ’‘Ž‹–‹ ƒŽŽ› Šƒ”‰‡† ƒ† †‹˜‹•‹˜‡ –‘’‹ • –Šƒ– ƒ „‡ ‡ƒ•‹Ž› —•‡† ˆ‘” ’‘Ž‹–‹ ƒŽ ƒ‰‡†ƒ•Ǥ  ͸Ȍ Š‡ ‘”‡ ‹••—‡ ‘ˆ †‡„ƒ–‡• •—””‘—†‹‰ ‰‘˜‡”‡– ‹• ƒ ƒ––‡” ‘ˆ –”—•–Ǥ ‘ ƒ‘—– ‘ˆ ‡™ ’‘Ž‹ ‹‡• ƒ† Žƒ™• ™‹ŽŽ “—‹‡– ”‹–‹ • †‹•–”—•–ˆ—Ž ‘ˆ ‰‘˜‡”‡– „‘†‹‡•Ǥ  ͹Ȍ Š‡•‡ ”‡–•ƒ— ‡‘ˆ’”‹˜ƒ–‡•—”˜‡‹ŽŽƒ ‡Ȃ™Šƒ–‹• ‘ŽŽ‡ –‡†ǡŠ‘™ƒ†Š‘™Ž‘‰‹– ‹••–‘”‡†ǡ‡– ǤȂ‹•ƒ”‰—ƒ„Ž›‘”‡™‘””‹•‘‡–Šƒ‰‘˜‡”‡–•—”˜‡‹ŽŽƒ ‡ǡƒ• –Š‡‰‘˜‡”‡–‹•”‡•–”‹ –‡†ƒ–Ž‡ƒ•––‘•‘‡†‡‰”‡‡„›Žƒ™ǡ™Š‹Ž‡–Š‡’”‹˜ƒ–‡ •‡ –‘”‹•Ž‡ˆ–Žƒ”‰‡Ž›—ˆ‡––‡”‡†„› —””‡–”‡‰—Žƒ–‹‘Ǥ  ͺȌ †‡‘ ”ƒ–‹ •–ƒ–‡ǯ•ƒ––‡–‹‘–‘‹–•˜ƒŽ—‡•Ȃ‡Ǥ‰ǤŽ‹„‡”–›‘ˆ–Š‡’‡‘’Ž‡ǡŽ‹‹–ƒ–‹‘ ‘ˆ•–ƒ–‡’‘™‡”Ȃ™‡ƒ‡•‹–••—”˜‡‹ŽŽƒ ‡ ƒ’ƒ„‹Ž‹–‹‡• ƒ—•‹‰‹––‘Ž‘•‡–‘‹–•‘Ǧ †‡‘ ”ƒ–‹ ǡ ‘ˆ–‡ †‹ –ƒ–‘”‹ƒŽ ‡‡‹‡• ™Š‘ ™‹‡Ž† —”‡•–”‹ –‡† •—”˜‡‹ŽŽƒ ‡ –‘ •–”‡‰–Š‡•–ƒ–‡’‘™‡”Ǥ  . š‹‹‹.

(45) ͻȌ Š‡–Š‡—– ŠŠ‹–‘ƒ‰‘‘†–Š‹‰–Š‡›•–‹ ™‹–Š‹–ǣ ‘—†ƒ Š‡‡•‡ǡ’‡ —Žƒƒ• ‘‘‹‡•ǡ„Ž—‡‡Ž‡„‘ƒ–•™‹–Š”‘’‡–”‹ǡ‡šƒ –Ž›ͳͲ–Š‡•‹•’”‘’‘•‹–‹‘•ǡ‡– Ǥ  ͳͲȌ ƒ‹•‹‰ Š‹Ž†”‡‹•ˆƒ”‘”‡ ŠƒŽŽ‡‰‹‰ǡ–‹‡ ‘•—‹‰ǡ•Ž‡‡’Ǧ†‡’”‹˜‹‰ǡƒ† „”ƒ‹Ǧ”ƒ ‹‰Ž›†‹ˆˆ‹ —Ž––Šƒƒ›Šǡƒ†›‡–‘†‹’Ž‘ƒ‹•ƒ™ƒ”†‡†Ǥ . š‹˜.

(46) . Chapter 1 Introduction   1.1. Problem definition. The surveillance debate —”˜‡‹ŽŽƒ ‡‹•‘–ƒ”‡ ‡–’Š‡‘‡‘Ǥ —ƒ„‡‹‰•Šƒ˜‡‡‰ƒ‰‡†‹•’›‹‰‘‡ƒ Š ‘–Š‡”•‹ ‡–‹‡‹‡‘”‹ƒŽǡ™‹–Š‡šƒ’Ž‡•†ƒ–‹‰ƒ•ˆƒ”„ƒ ƒ•‹„Ž‹ ƒŽ–‹‡•ȋŠ‡ ‹„Ž‡ǡ—„‡”• Š’ǤͳʹȌǤ—”˜‡‹ŽŽƒ ‡’”‘˜‹†‡•ƒ™‹†‘™‹–‘™Šƒ––Š‡‡‡›‹•†‘‹‰ ™‹–Š‘—––Š‡‡‡›‘™‹‰ǤŠ‹•‹• ”— ‹ƒŽˆ‘”‹Ž‹–ƒ”›„ƒ––Ž‡•Ȃ™‹–Š‘—–ƒ‹–‡ŽŽ‹‰‡ ‡ ‡†‰‡ǡ ‘ƒ†‡”• ƒ”‡ ƒ– ‰”‡ƒ– †‹•ƒ†˜ƒ–ƒ‰‡ ‹ ™ƒ”Ǥ — œ—ǡ ƒ Š‹‡•‡ ‰‡‡”ƒŽ ƒ† ‹Ž‹–ƒ”›•–”ƒ–‡‰‹•–ˆ”‘–Š‡͸–Š ‡–—”›ǡˆƒ‘—•Ž›•ƒ‹†ǡDz‘™–Š›‡‡›ǤdzŠ‡™ƒ›–‘ ‘™‘‡ǯ•‡‡›‹• –‘‡‰ƒ‰‡‹ ‘˜‡”–ƒ –‹˜‹–‹‡•Ǥ ‘™‹‰™Šƒ––Š‡‘–Š‡”‹•†‘‹‰ǡ ƒŽŽ‘™•‘‡–‘ ‘—–‡”Š‹•‘˜‡•ǡ’”‡˜‡–Š‹ˆ”‘‰ƒ‹‹‰–Š‡—’’‡”Šƒ†ǡƒ†–Š‡”‡„› ƒ†˜ƒ ‡ ‘‡ǯ• ‘™ ‹–‡”‡•–Ǥ —”˜‡‹ŽŽƒ ‡ǡ ‘„˜‹‘—•Ž›ǡ ‹• ‘– Ž‹‹–‡† –‘ Žƒ••‹  ™ƒ” • ‡ƒ”‹‘•Ǥ

(47) – ‹• ‡ ‡••ƒ”› ˆ‘” ‰ƒ‹‹‰ •–”ƒ–‡‰‹  ƒ†˜ƒ–ƒ‰‡ ‹ ’‡ƒ ‡ ƒ• ™‡ŽŽǤ •‡† ˆ‘” ‰ƒ‹‹‰ ‹•‹‰Š– ‘ ‘—–”‹‡•ǡ ‰”‘—’•ǡ ‘” ‹†‹˜‹†—ƒŽ• ‘•‹†‡”‡† –‘ „‡ –Š”‡ƒ–•ǡ ‘” ˆ‘” ‰ƒ‹‹‰‡ ‘‘‹ ‘”’‘Ž‹–‹ ƒŽ‡†‰‡‹‡‰‘–‹ƒ–‹‘•ǡ’‡ƒ ‡–‹‡•—”˜‡‹ŽŽƒ ‡‹•ƒ‹–‡‰”ƒŽ ’ƒ”–‘ˆƒ› ‘—–”›ǯ••‡ —”‹–›Ǥ  Ž–Š‘—‰Š’‡”Šƒ’•‘–ƒ•ƒ ‹‡–ǡ–Š‡†‡„ƒ–‡–Šƒ–•—””‘—†••—”˜‡‹ŽŽƒ ‡‹•ƒŽ•‘‘–‡™Ǥ Š‹•†‹• ‘—”•‡–—”•ƒ”‘—†‡–Š‘†•ƒ†–Š‡‡š–‡––‘™Š‹ Šƒ†‡‘ ”ƒ–‹ ‰‘˜‡”‡– ‘†— –••—”˜‡‹ŽŽƒ ‡ǤŠ‹•†‡„ƒ–‡™ƒ•”‡‡™‡†ƒ†‹–‡•‹ˆ‹‡†„›–Š‡‘™†‡Ž‡ƒ•ǡ „‡‰‹‹‰‹ —‡ʹͲͳ͵ǤŠ‡–Š‡”‘”‘–ƒ‰‘˜‡”‡–•Š‘—Ž† ‘†— –•—”˜‡‹ŽŽƒ ‡‘ ‹–•‘™ ‹–‹œ‡•ǡ™Š‡–Š‡”‘Ǧ ‹–‹œ‡•ƒ”‡ˆƒ‹”‰ƒ‡ǡ ‘ŽŽ‡ –‹‘’ƒ”ƒ‡–‡”•ǡƒ†’”‹˜ƒ › ’”‘–‡ –‹‘•ƒ”‡ƒŽŽ’ƒ”–‘ˆ–Š‡†‹• —••‹‘Ǥ  ––Š‡ ‡–‡”Ž‹‡•–Š‡“—‡•–‹‘‘ˆ™Šƒ–ƒ› ƒŽŽ’”‹˜ƒ ›˜•Ǥ•‡ —”‹–›ǤŠƒ–‹•ǡ™Š‡–Š‡”‘” –‘ ™Šƒ– ‡š–‡– ’”‹˜ƒ › —•– „‡ ‡š Šƒ‰‡† ˆ‘” ‰”‡ƒ–‡” •‡ —”‹–›Ǥ Š‡”‡ ƒ”‡ –Š‘•‡ ™Š‘ ƒ”‰—‡–Šƒ–ƒ ‡”–ƒ‹ƒ‘—–‘ˆ‹–”—•‹‘‹•’ƒ”ƒ‘—––‘’”‘–‡ –‹‰ƒƒ–‹‘ǯ••‡ —”‹–›Ǥ †–Š‡”‡ƒ”‡–Š‘•‡™Š‘ƒ”‰—‡–Šƒ–’”‹˜ƒ ›—•– ‘‡ˆ‹”•–ƒ†‘–„‡•ƒ ”‹ˆ‹ ‡†ˆ‘”•‘Ǧ ƒŽŽ‡†•‡ —”‹–›ǡ‘”ˆ—”–Š‡”•–‹ŽŽǡ–Šƒ–‰‘˜‡”‡–•‡šƒ‰‰‡”ƒ–‡–Š‡–‡””‘”‹•–Š”‡ƒ–ƒ†–Š‡ ”‘Ž‡‘ˆ•—”˜‡‹ŽŽƒ ‡–‘Œ—•–‹ˆ›–Š‡‹”—•‡‘ˆ•—”˜‡‹ŽŽƒ ‡Ǥ‹–‡”ƒ–—”‡‘–Š‡•—„Œ‡ –ƒ„‘—†•ǡ †‹• —••‹‰‹–ˆ”‘ƒ’Ž‡–Š‘”ƒ‘ˆƒ‰Ž‡•ƒ†’‡”•’‡ –‹˜‡•Ǥ––Š‡Š‡ƒ”–‘ˆ•—”˜‡‹ŽŽƒ ‡ƒ†ǡ –Š‡”‡ˆ‘”‡ǡ‘ˆ–Š‹•†‡„ƒ–‡•‹–••—”˜‡‹ŽŽƒ ‡–‡ Š‘Ž‘‰›Ǥ  . ͳ.

(48) The technology  Š‹Ž‡–Š‡–”ƒ†‹–‹‘ƒŽ‡–Š‘†‘ˆ•‹’Ž›‘„•‡”˜‹‰™‹–ŠŠ—ƒ‡›‡••–‹ŽŽ‡š‹•–•ǡ–Š‡—•‡‘ˆ –‡ Š‘Ž‘‰›‹• ‡–”ƒŽ–‘‘†‡”•—”˜‡‹ŽŽƒ ‡Ǥ

(49) †‡‡†ǡ‹–‹•–Š‡•—”˜‡‹ŽŽƒ ‡˜‹ƒ–‡ Š‘Ž‘‰› –Šƒ–•‡‡•–‘ˆ—‡Ž–Š‡†‡„ƒ–‡ǤŠ‡•‡–‡ Š‘Ž‘‰‹‡•‹ Ž—†‡ƒ˜ƒ•–•’‡ –”—ǡ™‹–Š˜‹†‡‘ •—”˜‡‹ŽŽƒ ‡ǡ •— Š ƒ• ǡ „‡‹‰ ’‡”Šƒ’• –Š‡ ‘•– ’”‘‹‡–Ǥ  ‘‡• ‹ ƒ —Ž–‹–—†‡‘ˆˆ‘”•ǡ•— Šƒ••–ƒ†ǦƒŽ‘‡‘”’ƒ”–‘ˆƒ‘†—Žƒ”•›•–‡ǡƒ –‹˜ƒ–‹‘Ǧ–”‹‰‰‡”‡† ‘” ‘ ‘–‹—‘—•Ž›ǡ †‡–‡ –‹‘ ‘ˆ ‘„Œ‡ –• ‘” ‘ˆ ‘–‹‘ǡ ˆ‹š‡† ’‘•‹–‹‘ ‘” ”‘–ƒ–‹‘ƒŽǡ ‹ˆ”ƒ”‡†ǡ‡– Ǥ–Š‡”–›’‡•‘ˆ–‡ Š‘Ž‘‰›ǡ•— Šƒ•‹ƒ‰‡†‡–‡ –‹‘•›•–‡•ǡƒ”‡‘ˆ–‡—•‡† ™‹–Š–Š‡ˆ‘”’—”’‘•‡•Ž‹‡–”ƒˆˆ‹ ‘‹–‘”‹‰ǤŠ‹•‡ƒ•–Š‡•›•–‡ƒ—–‘ƒ–‹ ƒŽŽ› †‡–‡ –• ‡”–ƒ‹ƒ –‹˜‹–›ȋ‡Ǥ‰Ǥ ‘‰‡•–‹‘Ȍ™‹–Š‘—–Š—ƒ‘‹–‘”‹‰Ǥ  ƒ–‡ŽŽ‹–‡•ƒ††”‘‡•™‹–Š‘—–‡† ƒ‡”ƒ•ƒŽ•‘’‡”ˆ‘”•—”˜‡‹ŽŽƒ ‡–Š”‘—‰Š‹ƒ‰‡”›Ǥ Š‡•‡ ƒ”‡ ‘•– ‘ˆ–‡ ƒ••‘ ‹ƒ–‡† ™‹–Š •—”˜‡‹ŽŽƒ ‡ ‘ˆ ˆ‘”‡‹‰ ‘—–”‹‡•ǡ ƒŽ–Š‘—‰Š ‹ ”‡ ‡–›‡ƒ”•ǡ ‘–”‘˜‡”•›Šƒ•ƒ”‹•‡‘˜‡”’‘Ž‹ ‡†‡’ƒ”–‡–—•‡‘ˆ†”‘‡•Ǥ  —†‹‘•—”˜‡‹ŽŽƒ ‡‹˜ƒ”‹‘—•ˆ‘”•‘ˆDz„—‰•ǡdz‘”Ž‹•–‡‹‰†‡˜‹ ‡•ȋ’‡”Šƒ’•„”‹‰‹‰–‘ ‹† ƒ‡•‘†•–›Ž‡‰ƒ†‰‡–•Ȍ ƒ„‡’Žƒ ‡†‹ ƒ”•ǡŠ‘‡•ǡ ‘ˆ‡”‡ ‡”‘‘•ǡ’—„Ž‹  •’ƒ ‡•ǡ‘”ƒ›ƒ‡”‘ˆ‘„Œ‡ –ȋ‡Ǥ‰Ǥƒ ‘ˆˆ‡‡ —’Ȍ–‘Ž‹•–‡‹‘ ‘˜‡”•ƒ–‹‘•Ǥ‹”‡–ƒ’• ƒ”‡ƒ‘–Š‡”‡–Š‘†‘ˆ•—”˜‡‹ŽŽƒ ‡–Š”‘—‰ŠŽ‹•–‡‹‰ǤŠ‹•‹˜‘Ž˜‡••—”˜‡‹ŽŽƒ ‡‘ˆˆ‹ ‡”• –ƒ’’‹‰‹–‘ƒ•—•’‡ –ǯ•’Š‘‡ ƒŽŽ•–‘‰ƒ–Š‡”‡˜‹†‡ ‡‘ˆ ”‹‹ƒŽƒ –‹˜‹–›Ǥ 

(50) –Š‡‘†‡”‡”ƒ‘ˆ ‘’—–‡”ƒ†‹–‡”‡–ƒ –‹˜‹–›ǡ•—”˜‡‹ŽŽƒ ‡–‡ Š‘Ž‘‰› ƒ‹ Ž—†‡ ‡›Ž‘‰‰‡”•‘ˆ–™ƒ”‡ǡ™Š‹ ŠŽ‘‰•‡˜‡”›–Š‹‰–Šƒ–‹•–›’‡†‘ƒ•’‡ ‹ˆ‹  ‘’—–‡”ǡƒ•™‡ŽŽ ƒ• –‡ Š‘Ž‘‰› –Šƒ– ‘‹–‘”• ‹–‡”‡– ƒ –‹˜‹–›Ǥ ‹”‡–ƒ’• ‡š‹•– ‹ –Š‹• ƒ”‡ƒ ƒ• ™‡ŽŽǡ ƒ’–—”‹‰ †ƒ–ƒ ‘ˆˆ ˆ‹„‡”Ǧ‘’–‹  ƒ„Ž‡•Ǥ ‡‡’ ’ƒ ‡– ‹•’‡ –‹‘ ȋ

(51) Ȍ ‘‹–‘”• ƒ† ƒƒŽ›œ‡•‹–‡”‡––”ƒˆˆ‹ ‹”‡ƒŽ–‹‡Ǥ

(52) –‹• ‘ˆ‹‰—”‡†–‘‹†‡–‹ˆ› ‡”–ƒ‹‹†•‘ˆ–”ƒˆˆ‹ ǡ •— Šƒ••’‡ ‹ˆ‹ 

(53) ƒ††”‡••‡•‘” ‘‡ –‹‘•ǤŽŽ–Š‡•‡•—”˜‡‹ŽŽƒ ‡–‡ Š‘Ž‘‰‹‡•ǡ ˆ”‘–‘

(54) ǡƒ”‡‹–‡†‡†–‘ ‘–”‹„—–‡–‘‰ƒ‹‹‰ƒ•–”ƒ–‡‰‹ ƒ†˜ƒ–ƒ‰‡–Š”‘—‰Š •‘‡ˆ‘”‘ˆDz•‡‡‹‰dzƒ†Ž‹•–‡‹‰Ǥ  The evaluation  Š‡–Š‡”‘”‘––Š‡•‡–‡ Š‘Ž‘‰‹‡•ƒ –—ƒŽŽ›•‡”˜‡–‘‰ƒ‹‹‰–Š‡•‘—‰Š–Ǧˆ‘”ƒ†˜ƒ–ƒ‰‡ǡ‘” ’—–ƒ‘–Š‡”ƒ™ƒ›ǡ™Š‡–Š‡”–Š‡›ƒ ‘’Ž‹•Š–Š‡‹”‹–‡†‡†•‡ —”‹–›‰‘ƒŽǡ‹•ƒƒ––‡”‘ˆ ‡ˆˆ‡ –‹˜‡‡••ǤŠ‡•‡ —”‹–›‰‘ƒŽ ‘—Ž†„‡Ž‡ƒ”‹‰–Š‡‹–‡–‹‘•‘ˆƒ ‘—–”›ǯ•Ž‡ƒ†‡”ǡ–Š‡ Ž‡˜‡Ž ‘ˆ ‹–• ‹Ž‹–ƒ”› ˆ‘” ‡ǡ –Š‡ Š‹‡”ƒ” Š› ‘ˆ ƒ ”‹‹ƒŽ ‘”‰ƒ‹œƒ–‹‘ǡ –Š‡ ‡„‡”• ‘ˆ ƒ –‡””‘”‹•– ‡ŽŽǡ ‘” –Š‡ Ž‘ ƒ–‹‘ ‘ˆ ƒ ™ƒ–‡† ’‡”•‘ǯ• Š‹†‡ƒ™ƒ›Ǥ Š‡–Š‡” ‘” ‘– –Š‡ •—”˜‡‹ŽŽƒ ‡ –‡ Š‘Ž‘‰› ‘–”‹„—–‡• –‘ ƒ Š‹‡˜‹‰ –Š‹• ‰‘ƒŽ ‹• ƒ •–ƒ”–‹‰ ’‘‹– ˆ‘” †‡–‡”‹‹‰‹ˆ–Š‡–‡ Š‘Ž‘‰›•Š‘—Ž† ‘–‹—‡–‘„‡—•‡†ˆ‘”–Š‹•’—”’‘•‡Ǥ ʹ.

(55)  Š‡“—‡•–‹‘‘ˆ‡ˆˆ‡ –‹˜‡‡••‹••–”‘‰Ž›–‹‡†–‘–Š‡•—”˜‡‹ŽŽƒ ‡†‡„ƒ–‡ǤŠ‡ˆ‘ —•‘ˆ–Š‹• †‡„ƒ–‡ –›’‹ ƒŽŽ› ‡–‡”• ‘ ’”‹˜ƒ ›ǡ „—– †‡–‡”‹‹‰ –‘ ™Šƒ– †‡‰”‡‡ –Š‡ –‡ Š‘Ž‘‰› ‘–”‹„—–‡•–‘–Š‡•‡ —”‹–›‰‘ƒŽ‹•ƒ‡“—ƒŽŽ›ǡ‹ˆ‘–‘”‡ǡˆ—†ƒ‡–ƒŽ•–ƒ”–‹‰’‘‹–Ǥ‘ Œ—†‰‡‹ˆ–Š‡’”‹˜ƒ ›Ǧ•‡ —”‹–›‡š Šƒ‰‡‹•’”‘’‘”–‹‘ƒ–‡ǡ‘‡—•–ˆ‹”•–‡•–ƒ„Ž‹•Š–Šƒ––Š‡ •—”˜‡‹ŽŽƒ ‡–‡ Š‘Ž‘‰›‹• ‘–”‹„—–‹‰–‘–Š‡•‡ —”‹–›•‹†‡‘ˆ–Š‡‡“—ƒ–‹‘ǤŠ‹•”‡“—‹”‡• ƒ‡˜ƒŽ—ƒ–‹‘Ǥ  ˜ƒŽ—ƒ–‹‘‘ˆ•—”˜‡‹ŽŽƒ ‡–‡ Š‘Ž‘‰‹‡•–›’‹ ƒŽŽ›„”‹‰•–‘‹†’‡”ˆ‘”ƒ ‡Ǧ‘”‹‡–‡† ƒ••‡••‡–•ǡ”ƒ–Š‡”–Šƒ‡ˆˆ‡ –‹˜‡‡••‡˜ƒŽ—ƒ–‹‘•Ǥ‡”ˆ‘”ƒ ‡ˆ‘ —•‡•‘Š‘™™‡ŽŽƒ –‡ Š‘Ž‘‰›‘’‡”ƒ–‡•ǡ™Š‹Ž‡‡ˆˆ‡ –‹˜‡‡••”‡ˆ‡”•–‘™Š‡–Š‡”–Š‡–‡ Š‘Ž‘‰› ‘–”‹„—–‡• –‘–Š‡•‡ —”‹–›‰‘ƒŽ‘ˆ‹†‡–‹ˆ›‹‰‡„‡”•‘ˆ–Š‡ ”‹‹ƒŽ‘”‰ƒ‹œƒ–‹‘ǡ‘”™Šƒ–‡˜‡”–Š‡ ƒ•‡ƒ›„‡ǤŠ‡’‡”ˆ‘”ƒ ‡‘ˆƒ–‡ Š‘Ž‘‰›Ȃ‡Ǥ‰Ǥ‹ƒ‰‡‘”•‘—†“—ƒŽ‹–›Ȃ‹•‘„˜‹‘—•Ž› ‡ ‡••ƒ”›ˆ‘”‰‘‘†•—”˜‡‹ŽŽƒ ‡Ǥ–—†‹‡•‡˜ƒŽ—ƒ–‹‰•—”˜‡‹ŽŽƒ ‡–‡ Š‘Ž‘‰›–‡†–‘„‡ –‡ Š‹ ƒŽ ‹ ƒ–—”‡‘” „‡ ‘’ƒ”–‡–ƒŽ‹œ‡† –‘ ‘‡‹† ‘ˆ –‡ Š‘Ž‘‰›Ǥ ‘” ‡šƒ’Ž‡ǡ ‡‡–‹ƒ‡”ƒ†‡‰ȋʹͲͳͲȌ†‹• —•• ŠƒŽŽ‡‰‡•ƒ†•‘Ž—–‹‘•–‘‡˜ƒŽ—ƒ–‹‰‹–‡ŽŽ‹‰‡– ˜‹†‡‘ •—”˜‡‹ŽŽƒ ‡ –‡ Š‘Ž‘‰›Ǥ Š‡ ƒ—–Š‘”• ƒŽ•‘ †‡• ”‹„‡ –Š‡ †‡˜‡Ž‘’‡– ‘ˆ ’‡”ˆ‘”ƒ ‡ ‡˜ƒŽ—ƒ–‹‘ ‹ –Š‡ ‘’—–‡” ˜‹•‹‘ ‘—‹–›ǡ ”‡ˆ‡”‡ ‹‰ —‡”‘—• ’ƒ’‡”• –Šƒ– ‡˜ƒŽ—ƒ–‡ ˜‹•‹‘ ƒŽ‰‘”‹–Š• ƒ† –Šƒ– †‹• —•• –‡•–‹‰ ”‡“—‹”‡‡–•Ǥ –Š‡” ’ƒ’‡”• †‹• —•• –”ƒ ‹‰Ǧ„ƒ•‡† ‡˜‡– †‡–‡ –‹‘ǡ •’‡ ‹ˆ‹ ƒŽŽ› ‹ ”‡Žƒ–‹‘ –‘ –”ƒˆˆ‹  ƒ† –”ƒ•’‘”–ƒ–‹‘ȋ— Š‡–ƒŽǤʹͲͲͻǡ —‡–‡•ƒ†‡Žƒ•–‹ʹͲͲͶȌǤŠ‡•‡‡šƒ’Ž‡•Š‹‰ŠŽ‹‰Š– ‡˜ƒŽ—ƒ–‹‘‘ˆ•—”˜‡‹ŽŽƒ ‡–‡ Š‘Ž‘‰›’‡”ˆ‘”ƒ ‡ȂŠ‘™‘ˆ–‡–Š‡•›•–‡ƒ —”ƒ–‡Ž› †‡–‡ –• ‘‰‡•–‹‘ǡ Žƒ••‹ˆ‹‡•˜‡Š‹ Ž‡•ǡ‡– Ǥ 

(56)  –Š‡ ”‡ƒŽ ‘ˆ ǡ •–—†‹‡• Šƒ˜‡ ‘˜‡† „‡›‘† ‘Ž› ƒ••‡••‹‰ ’‡”ˆ‘”ƒ ‡ –‘ †‡–‡”‹‹‰ ™Š‡–Š‡” ‘” ‘– –Š‡ –‡ Š‘Ž‘‰› ‹• ‡ˆˆ‡ –‹˜‡ ‹ ƒ””›‹‰ ‘—– ‹–• ‹–‡†‡† •‡ —”‹–› ‰‘ƒŽǤ

(57) ‹–‹ƒŽ •–—†‹‡• ‰ƒ˜‡ ‹š‡† ƒ† ‘–”ƒ†‹ –‘”› ”‡•—Ž–•ǡ „—– ‘”‡ ”‡ ‡–Ž›  Šƒ• „‡‡ ˆ‘—† –‘ „‡ ‡ˆˆ‡ –‹˜‡ ‹ ‡”–ƒ‹ ‡˜‹”‘‡–• ȋ ‹ŽŽ ƒ† ’”‹‰‰• ʹͲͲͷǡ ƒ– Ž‹ˆˆ‡ʹͲͲ͸ǡ‡Ž•Šƒ† ƒ””‹‰–‘ʹͲͲͻǡƒ’Žƒ‡–ƒŽǤʹͲͳͳȌǤ  ‘‰•–—†‹‡•‘•—”˜‡‹ŽŽƒ ‡–‡ Š‘Ž‘‰›‡ˆˆ‡ –‹˜‡‡••ǡ–Š‡†‘ƒ‹‘ˆ‹•–Š‡‘•– †‡˜‡Ž‘’‡†Ǥ–Š‡””‡•‡ƒ” Š‘–Š‡–‘’‹ ˆ‘ —•‡•‘Žƒ™‡ˆ‘” ‡‡–—•‡‘ˆ•—”˜‡‹ŽŽƒ ‡ –‡ Š‘Ž‘‰›ǡ”ƒ–Š‡”–Šƒ‘‹–‡ŽŽ‹‰‡ ‡ƒ‰‡ ‹‡•ǤŠ‹•‹•Ž‹‡Ž›†—‡–‘Žƒ™‡ˆ‘” ‡‡– ™‘”‘–„‡‹‰ Žƒ••‹ˆ‹‡†ƒ†–Š‡”‡ˆ‘”‡ǡ‘”‡”‡ƒ†‹Ž›ƒ ‡••‹„Ž‡Ǥ•ƒ™Š‘Ž‡ǡŠ‘™‡˜‡”ǡ ƒ’ƒ”–ˆ”‘ǡƒ‰”‡ƒ–†‡ƒŽ‘ˆ‡ˆˆ‡ –‹˜‡‡•••–—†‹‡•†‘‘–‡š‹•–Ǥ  The stakeholders  Š‡–Š‡” –Š‡•‡ –‡ Š‘Ž‘‰‹‡• •‡”˜‡ –Š‡‹” ’—”’‘•‡ ƒ† ƒ”‡ ‡ˆˆ‡ –‹˜‡ ‹• ‘ˆ ‹–‡”‡•– –‘ ‡˜‡”›„‘†›ǤŠ‡Dz‡˜‡”›„‘†›dz–Šƒ–Šƒ•ƒ•–ƒ‡‹•—”˜‡‹ŽŽƒ ‡–‡ Š‘Ž‘‰›„‡‹‰‡ˆˆ‡ –‹˜‡ . ͵.

(58) ‹ Ž—†‡•’”ƒ –‹–‹‘‡”•™Š‘—•‡–Š‡–‡ Š‘Ž‘‰›ǡ„‘–Š‹Žƒ™‡ˆ‘” ‡‡–ƒ†‹–‡ŽŽ‹‰‡ ‡Ǣ ‰‘˜‡”‡– ‘ˆˆ‹ ‹ƒŽ• ‘ –Š‡ ”‡ ‡‹˜‹‰ ‡† ‘ˆ ‹–‡ŽŽ‹‰‡ ‡Ǣ ‘˜‡”•‹‰Š– „‘†‹‡•Ǣ ’”‹˜ƒ › ƒ†˜‘ ƒ–‡•Ǣƒ†–Š‡’—„Ž‹ Ǥ 

(59)  Žƒ™ ‡ˆ‘” ‡‡–ǡ ‘ˆˆ‹ ‡”•ǡ †‡–‡ –‹˜‡•ǡ ƒ† ƒƒŽ›•–• ƒ‡ —•‡ ‘ˆ •—”˜‡‹ŽŽƒ ‡ –‡ Š‘Ž‘‰› –‘ ‹˜‡•–‹‰ƒ–‡ ”‹‡ǡ –‘ ‰ƒ–Š‡” ‡˜‹†‡ ‡ ƒ‰ƒ‹•– ƒ† —Ž–‹ƒ–‡Ž› ’”‘•‡ —–‡ •—•’‡ –•Ǥ ‹–Š‘—– ‡ˆˆ‡ –‹˜‡ •—”˜‡‹ŽŽƒ ‡ –‡ Š‘Ž‘‰› Žƒ™ ‡ˆ‘” ‡‡– ‘ˆˆ‹ ‹ƒŽ• ƒ‘– •— ‡••ˆ—ŽŽ›’‡”ˆ‘”–Š‡‹”Œ‘„Ǥ‹‡™‹•‡ǡ‹–‡ŽŽ‹‰‡ ‡’”ƒ –‹–‹‘‡”•†‡’‡†‘‡ˆˆ‡ –‹˜‡ •—”˜‡‹ŽŽƒ ‡–‡ Š‘Ž‘‰›–‘‰ƒ–Š‡”‹ˆ‘”ƒ–‹‘‘•–ƒ–‡ƒ†‘Ǧ•–ƒ–‡ƒ –‘”•Ǥ

(60) –‡ŽŽ‹‰‡ ‡ ƒƒŽ›•–•ƒ†‘’‡”ƒ–‹‘•‘ˆˆ‹ ‡”•”‡Ž›‘–Š‹•–‡ Š‘Ž‘‰›–‘†‡Ž‹˜‡”‹–‡ŽŽ‹‰‡ ‡–‘Š‡ƒ†•Ǧ ‘ˆǦ•–ƒ–‡ ƒ† ˆ— –‹‘ƒ”‹‡•Ǥ Š‡ ‰‘˜‡”‡– ‘ˆˆ‹ ‹ƒŽ• ‘•—‹‰ –Š‡ ‹–‡ŽŽ‹‰‡ ‡ ƒ‡ †‡ ‹•‹‘•‘’‘Ž‹ ›ƒ†ƒ –‹‘–‘„‡–ƒ‡ƒ‰ƒ‹•–•–ƒ–‡•ǡ–‡””‘”‹•–•ǡ ”‹‹ƒŽ‡–™‘”• ƒ†‹†‹˜‹†—ƒŽ•ǡ‡– Ǥ„ƒ•‡†‘–Š‡‹–‡ŽŽ‹‰‡ ‡–Š‡›”‡ ‡‹˜‡Ǥ  ˜‡”•‹‰Š– „‘†‹‡• ‡˜ƒŽ—ƒ–‡ –Š‡ ’‡”ˆ‘”ƒ ‡ ‘ˆ ‹–‡ŽŽ‹‰‡ ‡ •‡”˜‹ ‡• ƒ† ‡•—”‡ –Š‡•‡ ƒ‰‡ ‹‡••–ƒ›™‹–Š‹–Š‡„‘—†•‘ˆ–Š‡Žƒ™‹ ƒ””›‹‰‘—––Š‡‹”†—–‹‡•ǡƒ†–Šƒ––Š‡›†‘ ‘–™ƒ•–‡–ƒš’ƒ›‡”‘‡›‹†‘‹‰•‘Ǥ—”˜‡‹ŽŽƒ ‡–‡ Š‘Ž‘‰›‹•ƒˆƒ –‘”‹ƒŽŽ–Š‡•‡ ƒ”‡ƒ•Ǥ ˜‡”•‹‰Š– „‘†‹‡• ƒ””› –Š‡ ’‘™‡” –‘ ’‡ƒŽ‹œ‡ –Š‡ ‹–‡ŽŽ‹‰‡ ‡ •‡”˜‹ ‡• ƒ† –‘ ”‡•–”‹ –ƒ†‰‘˜‡”–Š”‘—‰ŠŽƒ™ƒ†”‡‰—Žƒ–‹‘Š‘™–Š‡ƒ‰‡ ‹‡• ƒ””›‘—––Š‡‹”Œ‘„Ǥ  ”‹˜ƒ ›ƒ†˜‘ ƒ–‡• Šƒ’‹‘‹†‹˜‹†—ƒŽ•ǯ”‹‰Š––‘’”‹˜ƒ ›Ǥ‘•‡“—‡–Ž›ǡ–Š‡›‘ˆ–‡ˆ‹† –Š‡•‡Ž˜‡•ƒ–‘††•™‹–Š‰‘˜‡”‡–‘ˆˆ‹ ‹ƒŽ•‘˜‡”–Š‡—•‡‘ˆ•—”˜‡‹ŽŽƒ ‡–‡ Š‘Ž‘‰›Ǥ ”‹˜ƒ ›ƒ†˜‘ ƒ–‡•ƒ”‡‡“—ƒŽŽ›‹ˆƒ˜‘”‘ˆ‡ˆˆ‡ –‹˜‡•—”˜‡‹ŽŽƒ ‡ǡ„—–‘–ƒ––Š‡‡š’‡•‡‘ˆ ’”‹˜ƒ ›Ǥ

(61) –Š‡‹”˜‹‡™ǡ–Š‡’”‘–‡ –‹‘‘ˆ‹‘ ‡– ‹–‹œ‡•ǯ”‹‰Š––‘’”‹˜ƒ › ‘‡•ˆ‹”•–ƒ† •Š‘—Ž† „‡ ’”‘–‡ –‡† ƒ– ƒŽŽ ‘•–•Ǥ ‡”Šƒ’• ‘”‡ –Šƒ ƒ› ‘–Š‡” ’ƒ”–›ǡ –Š‡› ŠƒŽŽ‡‰‡ ™Š‡–Š‡”–Š‹•–‡ Š‘Ž‘‰›‹•ǡ‹ˆƒ –ǡ‡ˆˆ‡ –‹˜‡Ǥ  Š‡ ’—„Ž‹ ǯ• ‹–‡”‡•– ‹ ‡ˆˆ‡ –‹˜‡ •—”˜‡‹ŽŽƒ ‡ –‡ Š‘Ž‘‰› ‘‡• ƒ– ‡˜‡”› Ž‡˜‡Ž ƒ• ‹–• •‡ —”‹–› ƒ† ƒ–‹‘ƒŽ ‹–‡”‡•–•ǡ –ƒš ‘‡›ǡ ƒ† ’”‹˜ƒ › ƒ”‡ ƒŽŽ ƒˆˆ‡ –‡† „› ‹–Ǥ —„Ž‹  ‘’‹‹‘‹†‡‘ ”ƒ ‹‡• ƒ””‹‡•‰”‡ƒ–™‡‹‰Š–™‹–Š–Š‡’—„Ž‹ Š‘Ž†‹‰–Š‡’‘™‡”–‘‡Ž‡ – ƒ† †‡–Š”‘‡ ”‡’”‡•‡–ƒ–‹˜‡ ‡„‡”• ‘ˆ ‰‘˜‡”‡–ǡ —Ž–‹ƒ–‡Ž› ‹ˆŽ—‡ ‹‰ –Š‡ ‡ƒ –‡–‘ˆŽƒ™ƒ†’‘Ž‹ ›Ǥ  Effectiveness evaluation and its complexities  ˆˆ‡ –‹˜‡‡••ƒ†‹–•‡˜ƒŽ—ƒ–‹‘‹•ƒ ‘’Ž‡š‹••—‡ǡƒ•ƒ•‡”‹‘—•†‹• —••‹‘‘ˆ–Š‡–‘’‹  “—‹ Ž›”‡˜‡ƒŽ•ǤŠ‹• ƒ„‡†‡‘•–”ƒ–‡†™‹–Š–Š‡™‡ŽŽǦ‘™‡šƒ’Ž‡‘ˆˆ‘”‡” †‹”‡ –‘” ‡‡”ƒŽŽ‡šƒ†‡”ǯ••–ƒ–‡‡–‹ʹͲͳ͵–Šƒ– ‡”–ƒ‹•—”˜‡‹ŽŽƒ ‡’”‘‰”ƒ• ȋ–Š‡—†‡”ƒ––ƒ †—‡–‘–Š‡‘™†‡Ž‡ƒ•ȌŠƒ††‹•”—’–‡†ͷͶ–‡””‘”‹•–ƒ –‹˜‹–‹‡•ǤŠ‹Ž‡ –Š‡ƒ —”ƒ ›‘ˆ–Š‹•—„‡”™ƒ•— Š†‡„ƒ–‡†‹–Š‡‡†‹ƒǡ ‘•‹†‡”ƒ–‹‘‘ˆ–Š‹• ƒ•‡ Ͷ.

(62) •Š‘—Ž†Ž‡ƒ†–‘–Š‡†‡‡’‡”’‘‹–‘ˆŠ‘™†‘‡•‘‡‡ƒ•—”‡‡ˆˆ‡ –‹˜‡‡••ǤŠ‡—„‡”‘ˆ ƒ––ƒ • –Š™ƒ”–‡†ǡ ’Ž‘–• †‹•”—’–‡†ǡ ‘” ™‘—Ž†Ǧ„‡ –‡””‘”‹•–• ƒ””‡•–‡† ‹‰Š– •‡‡ ƒ ‘„˜‹‘—• ‡ƒ•—”‡‡– ‘ˆ •— ‡••Ǥ —– –Š‹• ‘Ž› ƒ’’Ž‹‡• –‘ –‡””‘”‹• ƒ•‡• ƒ† –‘ –‡ Š‘Ž‘‰›–Šƒ–‹•›‹‡Ž†‹‰‹ˆ‘”ƒ–‹‘†‹”‡ –Ž›”‡Žƒ–‡†–‘ƒƒ––ƒ Ǥ—”˜‡‹ŽŽƒ ‡‹•—•‡† ˆ‘” — Š ‘”‡ –Šƒ ‘—–‡”–‡””‘”‹•ǡ ƒ† ‹ –Š‡ ™‘”Ž† ‘ˆ ‹–‡ŽŽ‹‰‡ ‡ — Š ‘ˆ •—”˜‡‹ŽŽƒ ‡‹•—•‡†ˆ‘”‹ˆ‘”‹‰’‘Ž‹ ›ƒ‡”•ƒ†Š‡ƒ†•‘ˆ•–ƒ–‡Ǥ

(63) ˆ‘”ƒ–‹‘ ‘‡• ˆ”‘˜ƒ”‹‘—••‘—” ‡•–‘ˆ‘”ƒȋ‹ ‘’Ž‡–‡Ȍ™Š‘Ž‡Ǥ‘‡•—”˜‡‹ŽŽƒ ‡–‡ Š‘Ž‘‰›ƒ› ›‹‡Ž† „ƒ ‰”‘—† ‹ˆ‘”ƒ–‹‘ ƒ„‘—– ƒ •‹–—ƒ–‹‘ ‘” ‰”‘—’ǡ „—– ‘– –Š‡ Dz‰‘Ž†‡dz ‡› ‹ˆ‘”ƒ–‹‘ •‘—‰Š–Ǥ

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