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View of THE CIVIL LAW TERM 机关 JĪGUĀN IN TRANSLATION INTO ENGLISH, GERMAN AND POLISH

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THE CIVIL LAW TERM !

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" 6Ʈ78Ɩ9 IN

TRANSLATION INTO ENGLISH, GERMAN AND

POLISH

Joanna GRZYBEK$#%&'# ()*+#,-./-01-.2#34-5067-89$#:478-8;80#<=#>-4?;-78-.7# (@A#B-0C<)@0?D<Ğ.-#E$#FGHIJE#%<24*Ĕ## K<*44*?629L0/M?+*-@A.<+# #

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Abstract͗ N&0#C*C06#C6070487#8&0#<C8-<47#*5*-@*L@0#1&04#70@0.8-4?#0O;-5*@0487#<=#8&0#P&-4070#806+# !"#

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TERMIN !!!"!"""2222 :Ư;5Ɨ%#W TEKSTACH PRAWA CYWILNEGO I JEGO TŁUMACZENIE NA ANGIELSKI, NIEMIECKI, POLSKI

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(2)



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Determining the degree of equivalence

When undertaking the process of determining the degree of translative equivalence one may find that some functional equivalents are not sufficiently accurate. According to Šarþeviü (2000, 237-240) to establish the degree of equivalence between terms in different languages one should be able to compare the concepts in the source and target language. Šarþeviü wrote about the decision-making process and analysis of the options available when selecting equivalents. She indicated that the purpose of the conceptual analysis of the potential equivalents is to establish the constituent features or characteristics of particular concepts. Translators should be able to determine the intended meaning of legal terms from the context, because legal terms are typified by polysemy (Šarþeviü2000, 231).

Much has been written about polysemy in legal Chinese (see: Keller 1994, 749-750, Peerenboom 2002, 247-251, Cao 2004, 94-100, Grzybek 2013, 54-57). The language of law should be precise. It is commonly acknowledged that contemporary law in China suffers from generality and vagueness and legal Chinese is often just as imprecise as ordinary Chinese (Cao 2004, 94, 113).

The polysemy of the term !!!"!""" :Ư;5Ɨ%#in legal context

The purpose of this article is an analysis of the term !"

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in two Chinese statutes: (i) General Principles of the Civil Law of the People's Republic of China adopted

by the Fourth Session of the Sixth National People's Congress on April 12, 1986 – GHI$JKL$&MN

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(ChCPL),

(ii) The Civil Procedure Law of the People’s Republic of China adopted by the Fourth Session of the Seventh National People's Congress on April 9, 1991 – GHI$JKL$%gh&

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.

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‘starting gear’, or

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(12)



FE#

Bibliography #

P*<#'0L<6*&A#UffEA#

Chinese law: A language perspective

A#i*487[#(7&?*80#%;L@-7&-4?A## R629L0/# ^<*44*A# UfG"A#

Alternatywne metody rozwi

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zywania sporów w przekładzie

chi

Ĕ

sko-polskim i polsko-chi

Ĕ

skim

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A#%<24*Ĕ[#\9)*14-.81<#B*;/<10#P<48*.8A#

q0@@06# %0669A# GVVEA# m<;6.07# <=# d6)06# -4# P&-4070# >*1$# :4#

The American Journal of

Comparative Law

$#EUWEX[#JGGHJ!VA#

%00604L<<+# T*4)*@@# %A# UffUA#

China’s Long March Toward Rule of Law

$# P*+L6-)?0[# P*+L6-)?0#34-5067-89#%6077A#

T<77# P@*;)-*$# T<77# >07806A# UfffA# >*4?;*?0# *4)# >*1[# m<;6.07# <=# m9780+-.# l*?;04077# *4)#(+L-?;<;7#(;8&<6-89#-4#P&-4070#m8*8;8<69#>*4?;*?0$#:4#

The Limits of the

Rule of Law in China

$#0)A#q*604#N;6406$#^*+07#lA#c0-406+*4#*4)#TA#q048#R;9$# UUGHUJf$#m0*88@0[#N&0#34-5067-89#<=#\*7&-4?8<4#%6077A#

r*6þ05-ü# m;7*4A# UfffA#

New Approach to Legal Translation

A# N&0# i*?;0[# q@;106# >*1# :48064*8-<4*@A# # Dictionaries k;#s-*4?#Wl7XAGVVIA#8*9):+;A#)./01A# P&04#>0C-4?#Wm8nX$ h<;#>-?*4?#W9H:X#W0)AX##GVVVA 9*(;b+).+;͘). /01= P&04#h&<4?.&04?#W>?@X#WABXA#UfffA#CD"EFGHI=JKLCDMNO=! R;#'04?K;4#WPQRXA!UffIA#STCDHI͘JKU!CDMNOA# i0#R*<)*#W_opXA#UffUA#9*qr).+;A#[st[sT*p:/01A# >-*4?#i;*7&04?#Wu!vXA#UffEA#w*,-'-)+;=xyt#(<`z=/01A# >-*<#,0-2&04#WVWXX$#>-#s-4&;*#WYZ[X$#h&*4?#m-9<;#W\]^XA#UffGA#TS/_`

abcdHIA#JKLeE3fg6hMNOA#

m<4?#>0-#WijX#WABXA#Uff!A!STCD"EklI=!JKLCDMNO=! m<4?#>0-#W{|XW>RXA!GVVIA#@A*9).+;A#)./01A#

\*&6-?Hk;6=0-4)#T04*80#W0)XA#GVVJA#

Wahrig. Deutsches Wörterbuch

A#Rp8067@<&[#k0680@7+*44# >0Q-.<4#l06@*?#R+L&A# \;#R;*4?&;*#W}~!X#W>RXA#UffEA#9*?Xp;A#p@tp@5ap:/01A# s-*#'04?K;4#WmQRX#WABXA#UffIA#STCDHI=!JKLCDMNO=! s-4#P&;49-4?#WnopX#WABXA#Uff"A#CDlIA#JKLCDMNOA# s;0#k<#W€X#W>RXA#GVV!A#*9).+;A#`‚/01A# e;#m&;8<4?#Wƒ„*X$#\04#^-*#W‚…XA#Uff!A8*9):+;͘!xyt)./01͘

(13)

#

Sources

kl06RY#b#k;4)07506=*77;4?7?06-.&8A#

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