Dorota Kmak-Kapusta
PRACA DOKTORSKA
pt. M I G R A C J A M I E D Z I W Ś R O D O W I S K U
P R Z Y R O D N I C Z Y M W Z A S I Ę G U O D D Z I A Ł Y W A N I A IM ISJI
P Y Ł Ó W Z A K Ł A D U P R Z E T W Ó R S T W A R U D O Ł O W I O W O -
C Y N K O W Y C H M I A S T E C Z K O Ś L Ą S K I E
p r o m o to r: Prof.dr hab. J. K w a p u liń s k i
r
P o lite c h n ik a Ś ląsk a
Sum m ary
T h e s is : " C o pper m ig ra tio n in the natural e n v iro n m en t influenced by dust im m issio n from the M iasteczko Śląskie fou n d ry "
Key words: heavy m etals, copper. intoxication, ecotoxicological factors, dustfall
The goal o f this study was to obtain materiał illustrating the m igration o f Cu in the natural env iro nm ent aro un d the M iasteczk o Śląskie foundry, that is:
1. determ in atio n o f c o p p e r content in soil and its speciation forms,
2. the oc c u re n c e o f soluble and insoluble form s o f Cu in the directional dustfall (the dust m eter stationary and m o b ile) and total dustfall in the snow and
3. determ in atio n o f co p p e r in plants and their m orphological parts (flower, stem, leaf, root) in territorial term s, in years 2002-2006.
The theoretical part presents a problem o f bioavailability o f co o p e r as a tracę elem ent and h o w it is affected by p H o f the soil. It also describes c o o p e r ’s natural origin and form in w hich it appears. A n th ro p o g en ic sources o f this elem ent, and its conten t in water and air. were also noted.
A significant part o f the study w as devoted to discuss plants m ec h a n ism s for collecting heavy m etals from soil, presenting the latest theories in available literaturę about plant transporters o f metal ions in plasm alem m a. The distribution o f m etals in a plant was also discused. The interaction o f cop p er with other plant elem ents, its toxic effect on plants and the c o n seą u e n c es o f cop p er depo sitio n in h um an body, were widely charactarized. In addition, a properties synthesis o f specific p lant species, that are sub ject o f the research, w as made.
The selected ad m in istrative areas were used for research: B oruszow ice, Tworóg, Z brosław ice, Strzybnica and Rybna.
Further, the m e th o d o lo g y o f research was desscribed, including: the tim e and rules for sam pling and p rep a ra tio n o f soil. dust. snow, and plants samples. Soil and plants, after a pre- treatment, w ere m in eralized in high tem peraturę with concentrated 6 5 % acid - F1N03 (V), according to O s tr o w s k a ’s m ethod. In addition. a speciation analysis o f the soil, according to Rudd's m ethod, was pe rfo rm e d to obtain bioavailable and potentially bioavailable forms. Dust w as also analised (total dustfall, from four directions and constant dustfall), from which both, soluble and insoluble in water. fractions o f co p p e r were isolated. The co p p e r content in plants.
soil. sn o w and dust was determ ined by atom ie absorption sp ectrom etry (A A S ), using hollow cathode lam ps and air-acetylene flame.
Metal content in soil. dust, sno w and particular parts o f 23 m orph olo gical plant species w ere characterized by the follow ing statistical concepts: arithm etic m ean, geom etrie mean, standard deviation. the m o st likely rangę o f metal occurance, the content c orresp o ndin g to 10 and 95 percentyl and distribution analysis o f occurrence, with the de term ination o f factors characterizing the frequency curve (factors o f sk e w n e ss and kurtosis).
Fu rth e rm o re the coexistence o f eo pper with other nretals in soil and its speciation forms. directional (the dust m eter stationary and m obile) and total dustfall (cuvette) in the snow. plants and their m o rphological parts (flower, stem. leaf, root) was discussed.
The degree o f env irom ental pollution was determ ined by the designated
ecotoxicological factors: factor o f enrichm ent. g e o c u m m u la tin g index, factor o f specific a ccum ulation in specific plant species. as a function o f the p lan t’s s te m 's segm ent height and its m orphological part (flower, stem, leaf. root).
The e v aluatio n o f co p p e r m igration in the natural en v iro n m en t influenced by dust im m ission from the M ia stec z k o Śląskie foundry was based on the results o f the m ain factors analysis results (PC A ).
