53. Rho des F. H. T. - The zoological affinities of the conodonts. BioI. Rev. Cambridge Phil. Soc:,
1954, vol. 29~ .
54. S c h mid t H. - Conodonten-Funde in ursprung-lichen Zusammenhang. Palll.cmt. Zeitschr., 1934. Bd 16, H. 1-2.
55. S cot t H. W. - The wological relationships of the conodonts. J. Paleont., 1934, vol. 16, no. 3.
56. S cot t H. W. -' Conodont aSsemblages from the Heath Formation, Montana. Ibidem, 1942, vol.
Hi, no. 3.
57. Spasow E., Teller L. - Conodonts from the Ordovician limestone near Mojcza village in G6-ry Swi~tokrzyskie, Poland. Trav. Geol. Bulgarie, Sen'. Paleont., 1963, VDl. 5. · .
58. Sw e e t W. C. - Uppermost Permian· and Lo-wer Triassic oonodonts of the Salt Range and Trans-Indus Ranges, West Pakistan. Kansas Univ. Press. Geol. Dept., Special PublicatiOn, 1970, vo!. 4.
59. Sw e e t W. C., B erg s t r 0 m S. M. - Cono-donts from the Pratt Ferry Forma·tion (Middle Ord()vician) of Ala·b;ama. J. Paleant., 1962, vol. 36, no.6.
60. S z ani a w IS k i H. - Three new Polychaete jaw appa.ratuses from the Permian of Poland. Acta pal:aeont. pot, 1968, vol. 13, In" 2.
61. S
z
ani a w ski H. - Conodonts of the Upper Permian of Poland. Ibidem., 1969, vol. 14, nr 2. 62. S z ani a w 5 k i H. - Jaw .apparatusesof theOrdoviclan and Silurian Polyohaetes from the Mielnik borehole. Ibidem, 1970, vol IS, m.' 4. 63. S z ani a w ski H. - New species of Uooer Cambrlan conodonts trom Poland. Ibidem, 1971,
vcl. 16. nr 4. .
64. S z ani a w ski H. - Symooa;jum konodontowe w Marburgu. Prz. geol., 1973, nr 6.
65. S z ani a w ski H. - Some Mesozoic scolecodonts con~eneric with recent forms. Acta palaeont. pol., 1974, vo!. 19, nt' 2.
66. S z ani a
w
ski H., W r 0 n a R. - Polychaete jaw apparatuses and scolecodont.s fram the Upper Devonian of Poland. Ibidem, 1973. vol. 18, nr 3. 67. Sz
u I cz
e w ski M. - Uoper Devonian cono-ilonk strlltiera'ohv, lind fecial develooment i'1 the Holy Cross Mts. Acta geol. pol., 1971, vol 21, nr·1.68. S z u I c z e w ski M. - In tfll'soecifie relation of
some Uooer DevOTl·ian polygnathid cOI1odonts. Ibidem, 1972, vol. 22, nr 8.
69. S z u l·c z e w ski M. - Konoilonty
pOrnonewon-skip i ich znp-czenie st.r81:yi~dimne. ·Profilp p'~e
boldeh otwor6w wiE'JI"tni(:zvch I nstvtl1tl.1
n ...
ln-Yic2)nes'!'O, Onnlp.· LubC!lskie IG-1. Red. A. M. Zeli-chowski. 1972. z. !i.70. S z u I c z e w ski M. - Famermian-TournaiSian neptunian dykes and their oConodont fauna from Dahlia in the Holy Cross Mts. Acta geol. pol., fil73, vol. 23. nr 1.
71. Ta s c hP., S t u d e J. R. - A scoleciodont natu-,.",lassembJalle from the K'lnR"lS Permian. Trans.
·Kansas Acad. Sci., 1965. vol. 67, no. 4.
27. T r a m mer J. - MiddJp. Tll"1assic (Moochelk"llk) oonodonts from the SW IT'a'r~in of the Holy Cross Mts. Acta geol. pol., 1971. vol. 21. nit' 3.
73. T It' a m m e 1" J. - St.ra.tiltt8Phical ?nd paleOllp.o-JlraphiC'l1 Si~-njfi'CanoCe of conodont.s from the Ml1-schelkalk of the Holly Cross Mts. Ibidem, 1972, vo1. 22, Ill' 2.
74. T r a m mer J. - Evolutiona·TV trends and
'!')''It-tE"l"n of· extinction of Triaask conodonts. Ibidem, 1974. vol. 19, 'I'll' 2.
7 .. Wall i s er O. H. - Conodonten des SHurs. Hess. Landesamt Bodenf. Abh., 1964, Bd 41.
76. Webers G. F. - The Middle and Upper Ordovi-cian canodont faWlas of Minnesota. Minnesota Geol. Surv. Spec. Pub. Ser. Sp-4, 1966.
77. W 0 I s k a Z. - Konodonty z ocdow:ickieh gJiaz6w IIl8ll"zuif:owych· Polski. Acta palaeont. pol., 1961,
VG1. 6. n.r 4. .
78. W 0 I s k Il Z. - G6rnodewonslde konodooty z po-ludniowo-za-ch6dnieJ:!o rel(ionu G6.r Swi~tokrzy
skich. Ibidem, 1967, vol. 12, nr4.
79. Wo I s k a Z. - Konodonty z wiercenia Chelm. Ibidem, _ . 1969, . vol ... 14, ~t: 4 ..
80. Z a w i d z k a K. -'- An approach to the ·coliO-dont stratigraphy of the Middle Triassie· of Lo-wer Silesia ailld the Western Tatra MOWltadns.
Bull. Aca(i. Pol. S~r. Sc. geol. geogr., 1970, wl. 18,
'l1I 3.
ill.
Z a w i d z k a ;K. - A polychaete jaw apparatus and some scoleoodontB ilram the Polish Middie Triassi'C. Acta geol. pol., 1971, vol. 21, nr 3. .82. Z a w i d z k a K. - stratigraphic position of the Fookaska Limestones (Obe(!· Nappe, the Tatra Mts.). Ibidem, 1972, val. 22, IU' 3.
83. Zittel K. A., Rohon J. V. - 'Ober Conooon-ten. Sitzber. Math.-Phys. Cl. Bayer. Akad.WhIB.,
Munchen, 1968. .
SUMMARY
The scolecodonts and ·conodonts have several fea-tures inoommon. They represent elementS of
com-plex multi-element. organs. In the fossU stateusua-lly single elements are found which highly com-plicates their systematics. Two different. systemati~
n:e
:used for both scolecQdonts and ·conndonts: the parataxonomic svstema~ics for isolaled elements an~ the taxonomic fOT the whole apparatuses. In the case of the :'Iystematics of the scolecodonts the matn difficulty is related to the fact that they usually represent isolated elements of apparatuses consis-ting of numerous differentiated elements and the homologous elements of entirely ~ifferent appara-tuses are often very similar to one another. The p.c,>position of uniting the 'lystematics of isolated scolecodonts and !l.pparatuse~ up to generic level, recentlv made by Kozur (1971), seems premature. According to the present author this wU1 be possl-'lIe in the future but it should be preceded by e7~lensjve studies on fossil apparatuses and the revi-sion Of se,reral collections of isolated scoleeodontt.. The :laws of polychaetes of the families Gl1lceridae and Goniadidae are the excep'tion here as they are not united in multi-element 8Pparatufl and they mqv be identified within the frame of
the
natural systematics. In Poland, the studies were primarilycarri~d out on the whole jaw apparatuses of
the
po)ychaetes. Thanks to the introduction of appro-priate searching techniques the maJority of .fossil IIPparatuses known were described from our coun-try. Nevertheless. the knowledge of the polychaete jaw aoparatuses ii'l far from being complete.· For example. nothing is known about the at>J)aratusesfrom: the CarboniferGus, Cretaceous and· Cenozoic of Poland. whereas tne Lower ·Paleozoic apparatu-ses are relatively well known.
The problems encountered in the systematics of con'odonts are still more complex as Illei:ther sySte,.
mati~ posl.tion of the conodont-bearinJ! animal rior
the function of an orl(an to which they belonged are known. Besides isolated conodonts and their na-tural assemblages derived from a simde ·animal, as-seniblages seleded with the use of. the statistics ne often described under separate. names. AccordinR to the present author these attempts to TP.Construct conodont apparatuses are advisable but a. sepa-rate systematics, independent of the systematics :for sIngle elements, should be used in the descriptions. Tm! . experience gained from the · studies on scole-codonts shows the limited applicability of the sta:" tistic techniques for these purposes. In Polan". tID-conodonts p.re intenflively studied since the end · of the sixties. The number of publications. is, howevel: relatiVely high on account of a remarkable impor-tance of the conodoots fur the stratif!ra'Phy. In
Po-IRnd, Ordovician and Devonian conodorits
.are
rela-tively the best known. whereas single, rather short palpers were devoted to the . conodonts of the Cam.-brian .. Silurian and Permian. A little is also knownabout the (!onodontsof the Carboniferous age. -~1
