344 R. TAUBENSCHLAG
especially t h a t of p r i v a t e physicians, t o which certain privileges are a t t a c h e d .
A. d ' O r s , P . Ryl. 654 y el "Anabolicum''' (Studi in on. U. E. Paoli, [1956] 259—267).
I n t h e a u t h o r ' s opinion this p a p y r u s is a f r a g m e n t of legal pro-ceedings f r o m t h e I V cent. A.D., concerning a claim against wea-vers obliged t o deliver t h e vestes militares.
B. A d a m s , Fragen altägyptischer Finanzverwaltung (nach Urkun-den des Alten und Mittleren Reiches) (1956) 109 p p .
Following a p r e f a c e t h e a u t h o r deals w i t h t h e conditions of life a n d d e v e l o p m e n t of t h e E g y p t i a n s t a t e , t h e cd.mr as one of t h e
earliest E g y p t i a n officer's grades, t h e " a c c o u n t s " , their objects a n d eventually t h e i r connexion w i t h t h e n u m b e r of cattle, t h e royal orders in t h e A n c i e n t E m p i r e , t h e E g y p t i a n duties a n d com-pulsory l a b o u r , t h e s y s t e m of t a x e s , t h e K a h u n - p a p y r i , t h e legal d o c u m e n t s of t h e P . Boulak 18, a n d reaches j u r i s t i c a n d archeolo-gical conclusions.
E v e r y papyrologist engaged in later era should read this work, w i t h greatest i n t e r e s t . I t has been edited u p o n t h e i n i t i a t i v e of E . S e i d l .
Ε . P . W e g e n e r , The entolai of Mettius Rufus ( P . Vindob. G. Inv. 25824, V—VI, 7): Note on A. Kränzhin's article in JJP VI (1952) pp. 195—237 (Symbolae R. Taubenschlag dedicatae = Eos 48, 1 [1956] 331—353).
I n t h i s article t h e a u t h o r d e m o n s t r a t e s w h a t is k n o w n of t h e liturgical s y s t e m in t h e 1st c e n t u r y A.D., a f t e r it h a d been i n t r o -duced i n t o E g y p t in t h e reign of the E m p e r o r Tiberius. She shows who is liable t o liturgies, a n d who is e x e m p t f r o m t h e m a n d dis-cusses t h e procedure of n o m i n a t i o n , as well as t h e place a n d period of office.·
P . M. F r a s e r , Graeco-Roman Egypt: Greek Inscriptions 1955 (JEA 42 [1956] 105—115).
SURVEY OF LITERATURE 345
I n this b i b l i o g r a p h y t h e a u t h o r reviews t h e following books and articles, n o t available t o me so f a r : W . P e e k , Griechische Ver-sinschriften, c o n t a i n i n g " G r a b - E p i g r a m m e " a n d including n o t only inscriptions b u t also epigrams recorded on p a p y r i ; M. P . N i l s s o n , Die hellenistische Schule, who on p . 85 discusses t h e so-cial significance of t h e g y m n a s i u m in E g y p t , m e n t i o n i n g in this connection t h e P t o l e m a i c inscriptions referring t o g y m n a s i u m ;
У. B u r n s , Tiberius Julius Alexander (cf. JJP 9—10 [1956] 496).
M. P . N i l s s o n , Die hellenistische Schule (München, Beck 1955) X I I + 1 0 4 + 8 pis.
N o t seen. I k n o w it only f r o m a review b y C. B. W e l l e s , Class. Phil. L I I , No. (1957) p . 53—54.
L . С a s s o n , The Size of Ancient Merchant Ships (Studi in on. A. Calderini & R. Paribeni I [1956] 231—238).
This article is a n a t t e m p t to answer t h e f u n d a m e n t a l question a b o u t t h e a n c i e n t vessels, one t h a t has n e v e r been satisfactorily dealt w i t h : w h a t was t h e i r c a r r y i n g c a p a c i t y ? how m a n y t o n s of cargo could be loaded i n t o their h o l d s ? F i t t i n g l y enough, one im-p o r t a n t im-p h a s e of t h e i n q u i r y im-p a r t i c u l a r l y concerns E g y im-p t and t h e R o m a n E m p i r e .
E . B o s w i n k e l , La medicine et les médecins dans les papyrus grecs (Symbolae R. Taubenschlag dedicatae = Eos 48, 1 [1956] 181-190). T h e a u t h o r p o i n t s o u t t h a t in e x a m i n a t i o n s (cf. m y Law2 632)
t h e hyperetes played t h e chief rôle a n d t h e physicians served only as his advisers, t h a t t h e t e r m δημόσιος ιατρός appears in t h e epoch of E m p e r o r A n t o n i n u s P i u s a n d f i n a l l y t h a t t h e t a x ίατρικόν was paid in t h e P t o l e m a i c epoch only b y t h e cleruchs. Very interesting are his r e m a r k s a b o u t t h e social position of t h e physicians a n d t h e exercise of t h e i r profession.
A. R o w e — B. R . R e e s , A Contribution to the Archeology of the Western Desert: I V The Great Serapeum of Alexandria ( R e p r i n t f r o m t h e Bulletin of the John Rylands Library, Vol. 39, No. 2,
