Foreign Tourist Activity and the Need for Recreation/Rest of Administrative Staff from Selected Universities (as Exemplified by West Pomeranian Voivodship)

(1)

FOREIGN TOURIST ACTIVITY AND THE NEED FOR RECREATION/REST

OF ADMINISTRATIVE STAFF FROM SELECTED UNIVERSITIES

(AS EXEMPLIFIED BY WEST POMERANIAN VOIVODSHIP)

0DáJRU]DWD3DF]\ĔVND-ĊGU\FND

1, A, B, C, D

3DZHá(LGHU

1,B, D

_{Jerzy Eider}

1, D, E

1 _{Szczecin University, Faculty of Physical Culture and Health Promotion, Poland}

A _{Study Design;}B _{Data Collection;}C_{Statistical Analysis;}D0DQXVFULSW3UHSDUDWLRQE_{Funds Collection}

Address for correspondence:

0DáJRU]DWD3DF]\ĔVND-ĊGU\FND3K'

6]F]HFLQ8QLYHUVLW\7RXULVPDQG5HFUHDWLRQ'HSDUWPHQW Faculty of Physical Culture and Health Promotion $O3LDVWRZ%EXLOGLQJ6]F]HFLQ3RODQG (PDLOPSDF]\QVNDMHGU\FND#XQLYV]F]HFLQSO

Abstract.

7KHSXUSRVHRIWKLVDUWLFOHLVWRVKRZWKHQHHGIRUUHFUHDWLRQLQWKHFRQWH[WRIIRUHLJQOHLVXUHWULSVRIDGPLQLVWUDWLYHVWDII RIVHOHFWHGXQLYHUVLWLHVLQ]DFKRGQLRSRPRUVNLH:HVW3RPHUDQLDQYRLYRGVKLS,WLVDQHVVHQWLDOHOHPHQWRIKHDOWKEHKDYLRURIHDFK individual. 7KLVZRUNVKRZVWKHDZDUHQHVVRISHRSOHLQUHODWLRQWRWKHRUJDQL]DWLRQRIWKHUHVW±WDNLQJLQWRDFFRXQWERWKWKHGHVWLQDWLRQPHDQV RIWUDQVSRUWDVZHOODVKRWHODQLPDWLRQV:LWKUHJDUGWRWKHDVSHFWRIKHDOWKDWWHQWLRQVKRXOGEHSDLGWRSURSHUSUHSDUDWLRQIRUWKHWULS

Key words:

tourist activity, recreation/rest, health

Introduction

Tourist activity is one of the forms of leisure more and more desirable by man. The factors that certainly FRQWULEXWHGWRWKLVDUHWKHVRFLRHFRQRPLFGHYHORSPHQWJUHDWHUIUHHGRPWRWUDYHOLQWKHFRXQWU\DQGEH\RQGLWV

borders, and a JUHDWHUDPRXQWRIIUHHWLPHDWWKHPDFURVFDOH/XERZLHFNL9LNXN.LHáEDVLHZLF]'UR]GRZVND

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environment. Due to the biological determinants of human health, each of us feels the need to rest.

(2)

³7RXULVP XQGHUVWRRG DV D way of meeting the needs for changing natural and cultural environment, is

a VRFLDOIDFWDQGPHQWDOH[SHULHQFH$VD PDVVSKHQRPHQRQLWWDNHVSODFHLQVSHFLILFJHRJUDSKLFDOFXOWXUDO

technical, communication, etc. conditions. It is (...) a PHWKRGRIVKDSLQJSHUVRQDOLW\D ZD\RIH[SORULQJWKHZRUOG

WKHUHJHQHUDWLRQRISK\VLFDODQGPHQWDOVWUHQJWKWKHGHYHORSPHQWRIFUHDWLYHDELOLWLHVRIPDQ´.XUHNDQG0LND 7KHDERYHGHILQLWLRQSRLQWVWRWKHQHFHVVLW\RIXQGHUWDNLQJWRXULVWDFWLYLW\GXHWRWKHQHHGVRIWKHKXPDQ

body. On the one hand, it makes a PDQULFKHUE\PHDQVRIWKHVRFDOOHGDGGHGYDOXHV2QWKHRWKHUKDQGLWVKDSHV

VRLPSRUWDQWWKHVHGD\VVRFLDOFRPSHWHQFHVDQGOLIHVNLOOVZKLFKDUHDQHVVHQWLDOHOHPHQWLQPDLQWDLQLQJPHQWDO KHDOWK%RU]XFND6LWNLHZLF]$GGLWLRQDOO\LWFUHDWHVWKHRSSRUWXQLWLHVRIUHJHQHUDWLRQDQGUHQHZDORISV\FKR SK\VLFDOVWUHQJWKVRIRXUERG\,WLVFRPPRQO\NQRZQWKDWSHRSOHZKRDUHWLUHGKDYHZHDNHULPPXQHV\VWHPZRUN less efficiently which results in lowering their effectiveness and slowing down the economy.

7KHQHHGWRUHVWDFFRUGLQJWR0DVORZ¶VS\UDPLGRIQHHGVLVUHFRJQL]HGDVD basic level need, included into WKHJURXSRIWKHVRFDOOHGSK\VLRORJLFDOQHHGV,QUHODWLRQWRUHFUHDWLRQDQGWRXULVPDFWLYLW\LWLQYROYHVLQWHUDOLD UHIUHVKLQJRIWKHERG\DVZHOODVUHOLHYLQJSV\FKLFWHQVLRQ*UDF]DQG6DQNRZVNL:LQLDUVNLDQG=GHEVNL DOVRSRLQWWRWKHIDFWWKDW³WRXULVPFDQEHD IRUPRIPHHWLQJKXPDQQHHGV´

Satisfying the needs rest leisure by the tourist activity is also associated with many hazards. Hence it is vital to SUHSDUHSURSHUO\IRUWKHWULS)LUVWO\WKHFKRLFHRIWKHGLUHFWLRQRIWUDYHOVKRXOGEHVXLWDEO\DGDSWHGWRWKHLQGLYLGXDO FDSDFLW\RIWKHERG\&KRRVLQJD GHVWLQDWLRQDQGPHDQVRIWUDQVSRUWKHDOWKFRQGLWLRQVKRXOGEHWDNHQLQWRDFFRXQW 0DNLQJXVHRIWKHRIIHUVRIPRUHH[RWLFWULSVLWLVZRUWKZKLOHWRJHWHTXLSSHGZLWKWKHQHFHVVDU\NQRZOHGJHRQWKH

health risks occurring on a JLYHQGLUHFWLRQDQGWKXVSUHYHQWLYHKHDOWKFDUH(LGHUDQG3DF]\ĔVND-ĊGU\FND

.RU]HQLHZVNL3DF]\ĔVND-ĊGU\FND:URF]\ĔVNDDQG.XQD3URSHUSUHSDUDWLRQIRUWUDYHOLVD key HOHPHQWLQWKHFRQWH[WRIVDWLVI\LQJWKHQHHGIRUWRXULVPDFWLYLW\DQGLWVKHDOWKGLPHQVLRQ

Methods

7KHSXUSRVHRIWKLVDUWLFOHLVWRVKRZWRXULVWDFWLYLW\RIDGPLQLVWUDWLYHVWDIIRIXQLYHUVLWLHVLQUHODWLRQWRWKHUHVW ZKLFKLVQHFHVVDU\IRUWKHSURSHUIXQFWLRQLQJRIWKHERG\

The research was conducted on the administrative staff of two arbitrarily selected higher education institutions RI]DFKRGQLRSRPRUVNLHYRLYRGVKLSQDPHO\6]F]HFLQ8QLYHUVLW\DQG6WDWH+LJKHU9RFDWLRQDO6FKRROLQ:DOF]7KH VWXG\XVHGWKHPHWKRGRIGLDJQRVWLFVXUYH\7KHWHFKQLTXHXVHGZDVWKHTXHVWLRQQDLUH3LOFKDQG%DXPDQQ 6LZLĔVNL7KLVSDSHUGLVFXVVHVWKHVHFRQGSDUWRIWKHTXHVWLRQQDLUHHQWLWOHGWRXULVWDFWLYLW\7KHUHPDLQLQJ RQHVKDYHEHHQXVHGLQHDUOLHUDUWLFOHV,QFDVHRIVRPHTXHVWLRQVWKHUHVSRQGHQWVZHUHDOORZHGWRJLYHPRUHWKDQ RQHDQVZHUKHQFHWKHVXPRIDQVZHUVPD\EHJUHDWHUWKDQ7KHUHPD\DOVREHGHYLDWLRQVLQWKHURXQGLQJ RISHUFHQWDJHYDOXHV 7KHVWXG\ZDVFRQGXFWHGRQHPSOR\HHVRIZKRPZHUHZRPHQDQGWKHUHVW±±PHQ 5HVSRQGHQWVZHUHDWWKHDJH±\HDUVZKLFKJLYHVDQDYHUDJHDJHRI\HDUV'XHWRWKHIDFW

WKDWSHRSOHGLGQRWUHYHDOWKHLUDJHHYHQWXDOO\UHVSRQGHQWVZHUHFODVVLILHGfor the results analysis, which

automatically will be a LQFOXGLQJZRPHQ7KHQXPEHURIPHQ±GLGQRWFKDQJH 0RVWRIWKHUHVSRQGHQWVKDYHKLJKHUHGXFDWLRQ±SHRSOHZKLFKPDNHVRIWKHWRWDO7KHUHVWRI WKHPKDYHVHFRQGDU\HGXFDWLRQ±SHRSOHDQGYRFDWLRQDO±SHUVRQV=6DZLFNLQRWHVWKDW SHRSOHZLWKKLJKHUHGXFDWLRQGHILQLWHO\PRUHRIWHQXQGHUWDNHWRXULVWDFWLYLW\WKDQRWKHUV

(3)

7KHPDMRULW\RIUHVSRQGHQWV±UHPDLQLQERQGVRIPDUULDJHDUHEDFKHORUVVSLQVWHUVRU VLQJOHVSHUVRQLVD ZLGRZUHVSRQGHQWVKDYHFKLOGUHQ%RWKPDULWDOVWDWXVDQGKDYLQJFKLOGUHQFDQDIIHFW WKHWRXULVWQHHGVDQGWKHLULPSOHPHQWDWLRQ7KLVLVUHODWHGWRVXFKIDFWRUVDVIRUH[DPSOHWKHHFRQRPLFIDFWRU

Results

$FFRUGLQJWRWKH3ROLVKOHJLVODWLRQHYHU\HPSOR\HHHPSOR\HGXQGHUDQHPSOR\PHQWFRQWUDFWLVHQWLWOHGWR a FRQWLQXRXVXQLQWHUUXSWHGKROLGD\OHDYH2QHRISDUWVLQDFFRUGDQFHZLWKWKH/DERXU&RGHVKRXOGEHD minimum

of 14 calendar days (Labour Code). This is by all means justified. A IRXUWHHQGD\YDFDWLRQLVD SHULRGZKHQWKH

HPSOR\HHOHDYLQJDQ\ZKHUHLVDEOHVXEWUDFWLQJWKHWLPHQHHGHGIRUDFFOLPDWL]DWLRQWRUHVW7KLVLVDEVROXWHO\ LPSRVVLEOHLQWKHFDVHRIKROLGD\VODVWLQJGD\RUOHVVHVSHFLDOO\IRUHLJQRQHVZKLFKDUHRIWHQFRQQHFWHGZLWK FOLPDWHFKDQJHDQGVRPHWLPHVDOVRWKHFKDQJHRIWLPH]RQH7KHILUVWDQGWKHODVWGD\DUHLQWHQGHGIRUWUDQVSRUW (reaching the accommodation and return home). The second day is a GD\RIDFFOLPDWL]DWLRQZKLFKGHSHQGLQJRQ WKHLQGLYLGXDOFDQODVWIRURQHGD\RUORQJHU7KHVL[WKGD\LVWKHGD\RISUHSDUDWLRQWRUHWXUQKRPH6RLQIDFWWKHUH are only three full days of rest (Figure 1).

1 2 3 4 5 6 7

GHSDUWXUH acclimatization REST SUHSDUDWLRQWROHDYH GHSDUWXUH

Figure 1.

Model of rest during a VHYHQGD\KROLGD\DEURDG

6RXUFHRZQGHYHORSPHQW

6RDUHZHDEOHWRUHVWZLWKLQWKUHHGD\V":KDWKDSSHQVWRRXUERG\WKHQ"

7KHDZDUHQHVVRIHPSOR\HHVFRQFHUQLQJWKHDSSURSULDWHOHQJWKRIKROLGD\LVTXLWHODUJH$IWHUKDYLQJZRUNHG for a year, everybody looks forward to having some rest. Among the administrative staff of selected universities of ]DFKRGQLRSRPRUVNLHYRLYRGVKLSKDOIRIWKHUHVSRQGHQWV±UHVSRQVHVVSHQWWKHLUGD\YDFDWLRQDWWKH 3ROLVKVHDVLGH7KHVHFRQGSODFHLVRFFXSLHGE\WULSVDEURDG±UHVSRQVHV7KHWKLUGSODFHZHQWWR9)5 ±YLVLWLQJIULHQGVDQGUHODWLYHVLQDQRWKHUFLW\LQRXUFRXQWU\±UHVSRQVHV7DEOH

Table 1.

:D\VRIVSHQGLQJD PLQGD\YDFDWLRQE\DGPLQLVWUDWLYHVWDIIRIVHOHFWHGXQLYHUVLWLHV RI]DFKRGQLRSRPRUVNLHYRLYRGVKLS

:D\VRIVSHQGLQJD PLQGD\YDFDWLRQLQ N

At the Polish seaside 29

Abroad 25 43.1

With relatives/friends In another city 13 22.4

,QWKHJDUGHQSORW 9 15.5

With relatives/friends In some other country 8 13.8

At home 8 13.8

On the Polish lake 7 12.1

In the Polish mountains 5 8.6

6RXUFHRZQGHYHORSPHQWEDVHGRQWKHFRQGXFWHGVWXG\GXHWRWKHSRVVLELOLW\RIFKRRVLQJPRUHWKDQRQHDQVZHU WKHVXPLVELJJHUWKDQ

(4)

7KHDERYHUHVXOWVDUHUHIOHFWHGLQWKHUHSRUWRIWKH0LQLVWU\RI6SRUWDQG7RXULVPZKLFKVKRZVWKDWGHILQLWHO\ IDUPRUH3ROHVVSHQWWKHLUKROLGD\LQ3RODQG7KHVHVWXGLHVDOVRVKRZWKDWLQWKH\HDUFRPSDUHGWRSUHYLRXV

\HDUVDQGDQXSZDUGWUHQGFRQFHUQLQJWKHWULSVRI3ROHVwas observed, which is satisfactory from

a KHDOWKSROLF\SHUVSHFWLYH'RPHVWLFDQGIRUHLJQWULSVRI3ROHVLQ

-XVWRYHUKDOIRIWKHUHVSRQGHQWV±SHRSOHDUHLQYROYHGLQIRUHLJQWULSVQRWRQO\GXULQJWKHGD\ KROLGD\OHDYHV0RVWIUHTXHQWO\WKHVHSHRSOHOHDYHRQFHD year (Table 2)

Table 2.

)UHTXHQF\RIIRUHLJQWULSVRIDGPLQLVWUDWLYHVWDIIRIVHOHFWHGXQLYHUVLWLHV RI]DFKRGQLRSRPRUVNLHYRLYRGVKLSGXULQJD year )UHTXHQF\RIIRUHLJQWULSVGXULQJD year N 28 48.3 1 17 29.3 2 8 13.8 3 3 5.2 4 and more 2 3.5 6RXUFHRZQGHYHORSPHQWEDVHGRQWKHFRQGXFWHGVWXG\LQWKHWDEOHRFFXUGHYLDWLRQV LQWKHURXQGLQJRISHUFHQWDJHYDOXHV $PRQJWKHPRVWIUHTXHQWO\YLVLWHGFRXQWULHVZHUH*HUPDQ\±UHVSRQVHV,WDO\±DQVZHUV 6SDLQ±UHVSRQVHV)UDQFH±UHVSRQVHV*UHHFH±UHVSRQVHV&URDWLD±UHVSRQVHV 7XQLVLD±UHVSRQVH7DEOH

Table 3.

7RXULVWGHVWLQDWLRQVYLVLWHGE\DGPLQLVWUDWLYHVWDIIRIVHOHFWHGXQLYHUVLWLHVRI]DFKRGQLRSRPRUVNLH YRLYRGVKLSLQWKH\HDU Tourist destinations N Germany 18 Italy 5 16.7 6SDLQ 4 13.3 France 4 13.3 Greece 4 13.3 Croatia 4 13.3 Great Britain 3 Bulgaria 1 3.3 Tunesia 1 3.3 Cuba 1 3.3 7KH'RPLQLFDQ5HSXEOLF 1 3.3 2WKHUV(J\SW0DOWD+ROODQG,UHODQG1RUZD\7KH8NUDLQH/LWKXDQLD WKH&]HFK5HSXEOLF6ZLW]HUODQG&KLQD 17 6RXUFHRZQGHYHORSPHQWEDVHGRQWKHFRQGXFWHGVWXG\GXHWRWKHSRVVLELOLW\RIFKRRVLQJPRUHWKDQRQHDQVZHU WKHVXPLVELJJHUWKDQ )URPWKHDERYHLQIRUPDWLRQLWDSSHDUVWKDWSHRSOHWUDYHOVWRWKH0HGLWHUUDQHDQFRXQWULHV+HQFH they have to take into account a change of the climate zone, as well as, in the case of some countries, of the time

(5)

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)RU PRVW RI WKH HPSOR\HHV WKH SXUSRVH RI IRUHLJQ WUDYHO ZDV UHVW ± UHVSRQVHV +DOI RI WKH UHVSRQGHQWV±YLVLWHGWKHLUUHODWLYHVRUIULHQGV7DEOH

Table 4.

3XUSRVHRIIRUHLJQWUDYHORIDGPLQLVWUDWLYHVWDIIRIVHOHFWHGXQLYHUVLWLHV RI]DFKRGQLRSRPRUVNLHYRLYRGVKLSLQWKH\HDU 3XUSRVHRIIRUHLJQWUDYHO N Rest 22 73.3 VFR 15 Language course 2 6.7 %XVLQHVVWULS 1 3.3 2WKHUVVKRSSLQJ 1 3.3 6RXUFHRZQGHYHORSPHQWEDVHGRQWKHFRQGXFWHGVWXG\GXHWRWKHSRVVLELOLW\RIFKRRVLQJ PRUHWKDQRQHDQVZHUWKHVXPLVELJJHUWKDQ 6DWLVIDFWRU\LVWKHIDFWWKDWIRUPRVWSHRSOHWUDYHOOLQJRYHUVHDVKROLGD\LVWKHPDLQSXUSRVHIRUWUDYHO7KHUHIRUH LWFDQEHFRQFOXGHGWKDWWKHVHSHRSOHDUHIXOO\DZDUHRIWKHKHDOWKDVSHFWVRIWRXULVWDFWLYLW\ 7KHYDVWPDMRULW\RIWULSV±ZDVRUJDQL]HGLQGLYLGXDOO\E\WKHVWDIIPHPEHUV2QWKHRQHKDQGLW ZDVFRQQHFWHGZLWKEURDGHQLQJRIWKHH[LVWLQJNQRZOHGJHRQWKHVHOHFWHGGHVWLQDWLRQV6XUHO\WKHVHSHRSOHVSHQW quite a ORWRIWLPHWRDGHTXDWHO\SUHSDUHIRUWKHWULS2QO\SHUVRQVEHQHILWHGIURPUHDG\WRXULVPSURGXFWV SHRSOH±IURPWUDYHODJHQFLHVRQHSHUVRQSDUWLFLSDWHGLQWKHWULSRUJDQL]HGE\IULHQGV7DEOH

Table 5.

Forms of organization of foreign holiday of administrative staff of selected XQLYHUVLWLHVRI]DFKRGQLRSRPRUVNLHYRLYRGVKLS

Form of organization of foreign holiday N

Individual 16 64 Travel agency 8 32 Other – friends 1 4 6RXUFHRZQGHYHORSPHQWEDVHGRQWKHFRQGXFWHGVWXG\ 7KHPDMRULW\RIUHVSRQGHQWVWUDYHOOHGDEURDGIRUOHLVXUHSXUSRVHV±UHVSRQVHVIRUVRPHRIWKHPLW ZDVGD\V±UHVSRQVHVIRUWKHUHPDLQLQJRQHVLWZDVGD\V±UHVSRQVHVRIWKHUHVSRQGHQWV WUDYHOOHGIRUD FRXSOHRIGD\VGXULQJWKHLUKROLGD\OHDYHWRSODFHVVXFKDVD VSDRUWRGRVRPHVLJKWVHHLQJ %\IDUIHZHUSHRSOHSDUWLFLSDWHGLQWKHW\SLFDOWRXULQJWULSV±RQO\UHVSRQVHV6XFKWULSVDUHDWWUDFWLYHDQG FHUWDLQO\VKDUSHQWKHDHVWKHWLFH[SHULHQFHVDOORZLQJDPRQJRWKHUVWRJHWWRNQRZD QHZFXOWXUHSODFHVFXVWRPV EXWWKH\DOVROHDGWRSK\VLFDOIDWLJXHRIWKHERG\7KHLUSDUWLFLSDQWVRIWHQLQGLYLGXDOFRYHUWKRXVDQGVNLORPHWHUV by coach in a IHZGD\V7KH\H[SHULHQFHFRQWLQXRXVFOLPDWHFKDQJHVDQDLUFRQGLWLRQHGFRDFKDQGWKHRXWVLGH WHPSHUDWXUHDURXQG&6XFKWHPSHUDWXUHIOXFWXDWLRQVGRQRWKDYHD SRVLWLYHLPSDFWRQKXPDQKHDOWK7KHUH ZHUHDOVRUHVSRQVHVFRQFHUQLQJWKHVRFDOOHGLHUHVWDQGD WRXULQJWULS(Table 6).

(6)

Table 6.

7\SHRIIRUHLJQKROLGD\UHVWRIDGPLQLVWUDWLYHVWDIIRIVHOHFWHGXQLYHUVLWLHV RI]DFKRGQLRSRPRUVNLHYRLYRGVKLS 7\SHRIIRUHLJQKROLGD\UHVW N GD\KROLGD\ 15 GD\KROLGD\ 6 24 GD\KROLGD\WRXU 2 8 GD\WRXU 1 4 GD\WRXU 1 4 $QRWKHUUHVSRQVH 4 16 6RXUFHRZQGHYHORSPHQWEDVHGRQWKHFRQGXFWHGVWXG\GXHWRWKHSRVVLELOLW\RIFKRRVLQJPRUHWKDQ RQHDQVZHUWKHVXPLVELJJHUWKDQ

This is definitely a JRRGVROXWLRQIRUSHRSOHZKRZDQWWRYLVLWD QHZSODFHEXWDQLPSRUWDQWTXHVWLRQLV how such a WULSLVRUJDQL]HG2EYLRXVO\JRRGDUHWULSVZKLFKEHJLQZLWKD GD\VLJKWVHHLQJWRXUDQGWKHQWKHUH is an equal number of days devoted to rest. Such a VROXWLRQVHHPVWREHUHOHYDQWIURPWKHSRLQWRIYLHZRIWKH UHJHQHUDWLRQRIKXPDQVWUHQJWKV8QIRUWXQDWHO\WKHUHDOVRKDSSHQVXFKVROXWLRQVZKHUHD tourist starts with rest DQGWKHQSURFHHGVZLWKVLJKWVHHLQJDQGILQDOO\UHWXUQVH[KDXVWHGWRKLVQDWLYHFRXQWU\ZKHUHKHKDVWRJHWEDFN to work. There is also a third alternative in which we take a rest for several first days after the arrival, then we go VLJKWVHHLQJDQGQH[WZHDJDLQKDYHVRPHGD\VRIUHVW6XFKDUHIRUH[DPSOHWKHSURJUDPPHVRIWKH1LOHFUXLVHV 7KLVLVSUREDEO\RQHRIWKHZRUVWVROXWLRQVSRVVLEOHEHFDXVHWKHUHLVQRFKDQFHWRUHOD[IXOO\ $WWHQWLRQVKRXOGDOVREHSDLGWRWKHIUHTXHQF\RIRYHUQLJKWWULSVDEURDGDWWHQGHGE\SHRSOH7DEOH

Table 7.

3DUWLFLSDWLRQRIDGPLQLVWUDWLYHVWDIIRIVHOHFWHGXQLYHUVLWLHV RI]DFKRGQLRSRPRUVNLHYRLYRGVKLSLQRYHUQLJKWWULSVDEURDG 3DUWLFLSDWLRQLQRYHUQLJKWWULSVDEURDG N Yes 18 31 No 69 6RXUFHRZQGHYHORSPHQWEDVHGRQWKHFRQGXFWHGVWXG\ )RUWKHPDMRULW\RIUHVSRQGHQWVWKHSXUSRVHRIVXFKD WULSZDVVLJKWVHHLQJ±UHVSRQVHVRUVKRSSLQJ ±UHVSRQVHV7DEOH2QHRIWKHPRVWIUHTXHQWO\YLVLWHGFRXQWULHVLV*HUPDQ\7KLVLVGXHWRWKH SUR[LPLW\RIORFDWLRQDQGFRQYHQLHQWWUDQVSRUW7DEOH

Table 8.

3XUSRVHRIRYHUQLJKWIRUHLJQWULSVRIDGPLQLVWUDWLYHVWDII RIVHOHFWHGXQLYHUVLWLHVRI]DFKRGQLRSRPRUVNLHYRLYRGVKLS 3XUSRVHRIRYHUQLJKWIRUHLJQWULSV N Sightseeing 11 61.1 6KRSSLQJ 11 61.1 Visiting friends/relatives 4 22.2 6SRUWVDQGUHFUHDWLRQDFWLYLW\ 1 5.6 6RXUFHRZQGHYHORSPHQWEDVHGRQWKHFRQGXFWHGVWXG\GXHWRWKHSRVVLELOLW\ RIFKRRVLQJPRUHWKDQRQHDQVZHUWKHVXPLVELJJHUWKDQ

(7)

6XFKWULSVZLOOVXUHO\KHOSWREUHDNDZD\IURPWKHGDLO\GXWLHVEXWLWVKRXOGEHQRWHGWKDWWKH\RYHUEXUGHQWKH ERG\SK\VLFDOO\ 'XULQJWKHKROLGD\VPRVWSHRSOHXVHGDLUWUDQVSRUW±UHVSRQVHV$VLWZDVVKRZQLQSUHYLRXVVWXGLHV FRQGXFWHGE\(LGHUDQG3DF]\ĔVND-ĊGU\FNDRQWKHVDPHJURXSÄPRVWUHVSRQGHQWVEHOLHYHWKDWWKHSODQH LVWKHVDIHVWPHDQVRIWUDQVSRUW´+RZHYHUWKHQHJDWLYHLPSDFWRIDLUWUDYHORQWKHKXPDQERG\VKRXOGEHWDNHQLQWR DFFRXQW6RERODN.RU]HQLHZVNL:URF]\ĔVND ,QVHFRQGSODFHLVRZQWUDQVSRUW±UHVSRQVHVEXVDQGIHUU\HTXDOO\±UHVSRQVHV2QO\RQH SHUVRQGXULQJWULSVDEURDGXVHGUDLOVHUYLFHV7DEOH

Table 9.

7\SHRIWUDQVSRUWXVHGGXULQJIRUHLJQWULSVRIDGPLQLVWUDWLYHVWDII RIVHOHFWHGXQLYHUVLWLHVRI]DFKRGQLRSRPRUVNLHYRLYRGVKLS 7\SHRIWUDQVSRUW N $LUWUDQVSRUW 18 72 2ZQWUDQVSRUW 7 28 Coach 2 8 )HUU\VKLS 2 8 5DLOWUDQVSRUW 1 4 6RXUFHRZQGHYHORSPHQWEDVHGRQWKHFRQGXFWHGVWXG\GXHWRWKHSRVVLELOLW\ RIFKRRVLQJPRUHWKDQRQHDQVZHUWKHVXPLVELJJHUWKDQ 7KHPRVWIUHTXHQWO\FKRVHQW\SHRIDFFRPPRGDWLRQZDVD KRWHO±UHVSRQVHV7KHUHPDLQLQJSHRSOH ±UHVSRQVHVZHUHVWD\LQJZLWKIULHQGVRUUHODWLYHVDVZHOODVEHQHILWHGIURPDFFRPPRGDWLRQLQKRVWHOV 1RQHRIWKHUHVSRQGHQWVFKRVHDFFRPPRGDWLRQLQD WHQWDOWKRXJKWKH0HGLWHUUDQHDQFRXQWULHVHJ,WDO\6SDLQ SXWDWWKHGLVSRVDORIWRXULVWVWKHFDPSLQJVLWHVZKLFKSURYLGHD high standard of service. Staying under the tent RIRXUERG\LVFRQVWDQWO\R[\JHQDWHGGXHWRWKHIDFWWKDWZHVWD\LQWKHIUHVKDLUDOOWKHWLPH3HUKDSVLWZRXOGEH

worthwhile to consider the choice of just such a IRUPRIDFFRPPRGDWLRQ7DEOH

Table 10.

)RUPRIDFFRPPRGDWLRQGXULQJIRUHLJQWULSVRIDGPLQLVWUDWLYHVWDII RIVHOHFWHGXQLYHUVLWLHVRI]DFKRGQLRSRPRUVNLHYRLYRGVKLS Accommodation N Hotel 17 68 Friends/relatives 11 44 $QRWKHUUHVSRQVHKRVWHO 2 8 Tent 6RXUFHRZQGHYHORSPHQWEDVHGRQWKHFRQGXFWHGVWXG\GXHWRWKHSRVVLELOLW\ RIFKRRVLQJPRUHWKDQRQHDQVZHUWKHVXPLVELJJHUWKDQ 7KHYDVWPDMRULW\RIKRWHOVLQZKLFKWKHUHVSRQGHQWVZHUHVWD\LQJ±UHVSRQVHVRUJDQL]HGVSRUWV and recreational animations (Table 11).

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Table 11.

Organization of leisure time animation by hotels in which stayed WKHDGPLQLVWUDWLYHVWDIIRIVHOHFWHGXQLYHUVLWLHVRI]DFKRGQLRSRPRUVNLHYRLYRGVKLS

Organization of leisure time animation by a hotel N

Yes 11 64,7 No 6 35,3 6RXUFHRZQGHYHORSPHQWEDVHGRQWKHFRQGXFWHGVWXG\ 7KHDQLPDWLRQVZHUHDWWHQGHGE\HLJKWSHRSOHZKLFKLV2QO\SHUVRQVZHUHQRWLQWHUHVWHG LQSDUWLFLSDWLQJ7DEOH

Table 12.

3DUWLFLSDWLRQRIDGPLQLVWUDWLYHVWDIIRIVHOHFWHGXQLYHUVLWLHVRI]DFKRGQLRSRPRUVNLH YRLYRGVKLSLQKRWHODQLPDWLRQV 3DUWLFLSDWLRQLQDQLPDWLRQV N Yes 8 72,7 No 3 27,3 6RXUFHRZQGHYHORSPHQWEDVHGRQWKHFRQGXFWHGVWXG\

More and more frequently hotels, in addition to basic services, offer their guests leisure time animations. 7KH\WU\WRDFWLYHO\GHYHORSWKHOHLVXUHWLPHRIWRXULVWVVWD\LQJLQWKHUHVRUWV7KHDQLPDWLRQVDUHVKDUHGLQWR FKLOGUHQDQGDGXOWVDFWLYLWLHV7KHUHIRUHWKHUHDUHGD\WLPHDQLPDWLRQVFKLOGUHQ±PLQLFOXEVDGXOWV±VSRUWLQJDQG UHFUHDWLRQDODQLPDWLRQDQGHYHQLQJDQLPDWLRQVFKLOGUHQ±PLQLGLVFRDGXOWV±FXOWXUDODQLPDWLRQ2IWHQWKLVLVWKH RQO\SRVVLELOLW\WRSDUWLFLSDWHLQOHLVXUHWLPHDFWLYLWLHV³1RWKLQJLVDEOHWRPRWLYDWHXVEHWWHUWRZRUNWKDQUHVWHG ERG\7KLVZLOOEHKHOSHGE\HIIHFWLYHO\VSHQWKROLGD\VGXULQJZKLFKZHFDQJHWDZD\IURPLWDOO,WLVDOVRD chance to form a KDELWRIGRLQJUHJXODUSK\VLFDODFWLYLW\´3DF]\ĔVND )RUPRVWUHVSRQGHQWVWULSVDEURDGDUHDVVRFLDWHGZLWKWKHRSSRUWXQLW\WRVHHQHZSODFHVYLVLWKLVWRULFDO PRQXPHQWV±UHVSRQVHVZLWKWKHDELOLW\WRNQRZD QHZFXOWXUH±UHVSRQVHV7KHDELOLW\WRPHHW QHZSHRSOHFDPHLQRQD SDUZLWKWKHJXDUDQWHHRIJRRGZHDWKHU(DFKUHVSRQVHUHFHLYHGYRWHV2QO\ RQHSHUVRQQRWHGWKDWIRUHLJQWULSVFDQVHUYHIRUHLJQODQJXDJHOHDUQLQJ7DEOH

Table 13.

9DOXHVIURPIRUHLJQWULSVIRUDGPLQLVWUDWLYHVWDIIRIVHOHFWHGXQLYHUVLWLHVRI]DFKRGQLRSRPRUVNLHYRLYRGVKLS 9DOXHVIURPIRUHLJQWULSV N 6HHLQJQHZSODFHVPRQXPHQWV 24

Learning about new cultures 17 56.7

0HHWLQJQHZSHRSOH 11 36.7

The sun – guarantee of good weather 11 36.7

2SSRUWXQLW\WRYLVLWIULHQGVUHODWLYHV 8 26.7

Learning the cuisine of a given region 5 16.7

([SHULHQFLQJVRPHDGYHQWXUH 3

2SSRUWXQLW\WRGRVKRSSLQJ 3

$QRWKHUUHVSRQVHOHDUQLQJD foreign language) 1 3.3

(9)

Discussion and conclusions

Foreign tourist activity is still not affordable for everyone. This is due to the economic situation, as well as individual needs and health condition of an individual. Satisfactory is the fact that the main reason for going DEURDGZDVWKHKROLGD\UHVW7KLVLQGLFDWHVSHRSOH¶VDZDUHQHVVLQWKHFRQWH[WRIKHDOWKEHKDYLRUV$VHPSKDVL]HG E\/XERZLHFNL9LNXNDQG3DF]\ĔVND-ĊGU\FND³7RGD\¶VFRQVXPHURIUHFUHDWLRQDQGWRXULVPVHUYLFHVLV increasingly becoming an individual who is conscious of their needs, seeking new forms which will give him firstly – VDWLVIDFWLRQVHFRQGO\±UHOD[DWLRQUHVSLWHIURPWKHVWUHVVHVRIHYHU\GD\OLIHDQGWKLUGO\±ZLOOKHOSLQVHOIIXOILOOPHQW´ $QRWKHUIDFWFRQILUPLQJWRXULVWV¶DZDUHQHVVLVWKHLQGLYLGXDORUJDQL]DWLRQRIKROLGD\WULSV,WLVUHODWHGDPRQJ RWKHUVWRDSSURSULDWHSODQQLQJRIURXWHVDQGVWRSRYHUVLQWKHHYHQWRIRZQWUDQVSRUWNQRZLQJWKHFKRVHQGLUHFWLRQ DVZHOODVIHDWXUHVZKLFKPDNHLWGLIIHUHQWFOLPDWHWLPH]RQHKHDOWKULVNVDQGSUHYHQWLRQK\JLHQLFFRQGLWLRQV KDELWVFXVWRPVLQFRPSDULVRQWRWKHFRXQWU\ZKHUHZHOLYH 8QIRUWXQDWHO\WKHGRPLQDWLRQRIIRUHLJQGD\WULSVLVQRWVDWLVIDFWRU\7KHVDPHVLWXDWLRQLVZKHQLWFRPHVWR RYHUQLJKWWULSVDEURDG7KHVHW\SHVRIWULSVDUHXQIRUWXQDWHO\DVVRFLDWHGZLWKSK\VLFDOWLUHGQHVV

As far as air travels are concerned, everyone should get acquainted with the health hazards that they may

encounter. 7KLVVLWXDWLRQFDQDOVRRFFXUGXULQJFRDFKWULSVRUIHUU\FUXLVHVHJNLQHWRVLV±PRWLRQVLFNQHVV

A SRVLWLYHDVSHFWRIWKHFRQGXFWHGVWXG\LVSDUWLFLSDWLRQRIWKHPDMRULW\RISHRSOHLQWKHKRWHODQLPDWLRQV

Thanks to a dose of motion they receive during the activity, they can contribute to the formation of a motor habit, DQGWKHUHE\WRLPSURYLQJWKHLUKHDOWKFRQGLWLRQ5HJXODUSK\VLFDODFWLYLW\LVVWLOORQHRIWKHIDFWRUVDIIHFWLQJKXPDQ KHDOWK$VSRLQWHGE\2VLĔVNL³3DUWLFLSDWLRQLQYDULRXVIRUPVRIWRXULVPLVDQHOHPHQWRIHQWHUWDLQPHQWDQG SURYLGHVWKHRSSRUWXQLW\IRUDFWLYHUHFUHDWLRQDQGDOVRWRPHHWWKHQHHGVRIDFWLYHUHVW´

According to the foregoing considerations, tourist activity should become one of the most significant human

needs. If SURSHUO\SUHSDUHGLWZLOOFRQWULEXWHWRPDLQWDLQLQJRULPSURYLQJHJVSDWRXULVP\RXUKHDOWK

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Gracz J., Sankowski T. Psychologia w rekreacji i turystyce. >3V\FKRORJ\LQUHFUHDWLRQDQGWRXULVP@$:)3R]QDĔ

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(10)

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Cite this article as:

3DF]\ĔVND-ĊGU\FND0(LGHU3(LGHU-)RUHLJQWRXULVWDFWLYLW\DQGWKHQHHGIRUUHFUHDWLRQUHVWRIDGPLQLVWUDWLYH VWDIIIURPVHOHFWHGXQLYHUVLWLHVDVH[HPSOLILHGE\:HVW3RPHUDQLDQYRLYRGVKLS&HQWU(XU-6SRUW6FL0HG 55–64.

Foreign Tourist Activity and the Need for Recreation/Rest of Administrative Staff from Selected Universities (as Exemplified by West Pomeranian Voivodship)