View of Analysis of changes of the urban transport system on the example of Olsztyn

SU]HZRĮQLF\LV\VWHP\WUDQVSRUWRZH

0DJGDOHQD.DUF]HZVND

$QDOL]D]PLDQXNĂDGXNRPXQLNDFMLPLHMVNLHM

QDSU]\NĂDG]LH2OV]W\QD

JEL: O18. DOI: 10.24136/atest.2019.116.

'DWD]JâRV]HQLD 21.08.2018. 'DWDDNFHSWDFML 28.05.2019. 3U]HGPLRWHPDUW\NXâXMHVWSUH]HQWDFMDRFHQ\GRVWĘSQRŒFLNRPXQL- NDF\MQHM2OV]W\QDMDNRF]\QQLNDGHWHUPLQXMĉFHJRDWUDNF\MQRŒýWX-U\VW\F]QĉREV]DUX:W\PFHOXXŮ\WRQDU]ĘG]LW\SX*,63RUyZQDQR VWDQNRPXQLNDFMLPLHMVNLHMSU]HGZ\EXGRZDQLHPOLQLLWUDPZDMRZ\FK LSRLFKZ\EXGRZDQLX :DUW\NXOHSRUXV]RQRWHPDW\NĘNRPXQLNDFMLPLHMVNLHMZ2OV]W\QLH ²RSLVDQRMHMJâyZQHFHFK\RUD]KLVWRULĘSRZVWDQLD3U]HGVWDZLRQR Z\QLNLDQDOL]SU]\XŮ\FLXUR]V]HU]HQLD1HWZRUN$QDO\VWNWyUH²ZH-GâXJGHÀQLFML]HVWURQ\LQWHUQHWRZHM*,6²ÅSR]ZDODQDSURZDG]HQLH SU]HVWU]HQQ\FKDQDOL]VLHFLRZ\FKWDNLFKMDNŒOHG]HQLHWUDVZ\]QD-F]DQLHNLHUXQNyZSRUXV]DQLDVLĘZVND]\ZDQLHQDMEOLŮHMSRâRŮRQ\FK RELHNWyZRUD]Z\]QDF]DQLHREV]DUyZG]LDâDQLDµ2VWDWQLD]Z\PLH-QLRQ\FKPRŮOLZRŒFL]RVWDâDZ\NRU]\VWDQDGR]EDGDQLDREV]DUXMDNL MHVWZ]DVLĘJXSU]\VWDQNyZSRGZ]JOĘGHPF]DVXGRMŒFLD7HJRURG]D-MXDQDOL]\VĉSRPRFQHGRSRSUDZ\MDNRŒFLNRPXQLNDFMLPLHMVNLHM ]PLDQ\ORNDOL]DFMLSU]\VWDQNyZRUD]SU]HGHZV]\VWNLPGR]ZLĘNV]H-QLDDWUDNF\MQRŒFLWXU\VW\F]QHMPLDVWD 6âRZDNOXF]RZHNRPXQLNDFMDPLHMVNDGRVWĘSQRŒýNRPXQLNDF\MQD QDU]ĘG]LD*,6 2EHFQLHQLHPDOŮHQDNDŮG\PNURNXNRU]\VWDP\]V\VWHPyZLQIRU-PDFMLSU]HVWU]HQQHMDQJ*HRSUDSKLFDO,QIRUPDWLRQ6\VWHP*,6 :RSURJUDPRZDQLXW\SX*,6PRGHOGDQ\FKSU]HGVWDZLDU]HF]\-ZLVW\ŒZLDW6\VWHP\JHRLQIRUPDF\MQH]DVWRVRZDQHVĉQLHPDOŮH ZNDŮGHMG]LHG]LQLHŮ\FLDPLQZDGPLQLVWUDFMLORJLVW\FHHGX-NDFMLRFKURQLHŒURGRZLVNDDWDNŮHSODQRZDQLXSU]HVWU]HQQ\P 3LHUZV]\PNURNLHPZVWZRU]HQLXDQDOL]\MHVW]DâRŮHQLHRGSR-ZLHGQLHMED]\GDQ\FKSU]HVWU]HQQ\FK'DQHNWyUHZ\NRU]\VWXMH *,6Z\ZRG]ĉVLĘ]UyŮQRURGQ\FKŬUyGHâ6Z\P]DNUHVHPREHMPX- MĉV]HURNĉWHPDW\NĘSRQLHZDŮNDŮG\HOHPHQWPDVZRMHRGQLHVLH-QLHGRVSUHF\]RZDQ\FKZVSyâU]ĘGQ\FKJHRJUDÀF]Q\FK1DFDâ\P ŒZLHFLHRUJDQL]DFMHLQVW\WXFMHDWDNŮHXU]ĘG\JURPDG]ĉGDQH SU]HVWU]HQQH:FHOX]DSHZQLHQLDVSyMQRŒFLGDQ\FKSU]HVWU]HQ-Q\FKSRZRâDQRGRŮ\FLDZLHOHLQLFMDW\ZVSRâHF]Q\FKSUDZQ\FK LDGPLQLVWUDF\MQ\FKWDNLFKMDNFKRýE\G\UHNW\ZD,163,5(OXE 2SHQ6WUHHW0DS'RSU]HSURZDG]HQLDDQDOL]\Z\EUDQRREV]DU VWROLF\ZRMHZyG]WZDZDUPLĽVNRPD]XUVNLHJR

.RPXQLNDFMDPLHMVND2OV]W\QD

W 6WUDWHJLLUR]ZRMXSXEOLF]QHJRWUDQVSRUWX]ELRURZHJRZ2OV]W\- QLHNRPXQLNDFMDPLHMVND]GHÀQLRZDQDMHVWMDNRÅJPLQQHSU]HZR- ]\SDVDŮHUVNLHZ\NRQ\ZDQHZJUDQLFDFKDGPLQLVWUDF\MQ\FKPLD-VWDDOERPLDVWDLJPLQ\PLDVWDOERPLDVWLJPLQVĉVLDGXMĉF\FK MHŮHOL]RVWDâR]DZDUWHSRUR]XPLHQLHOXE]RVWDâXWZRU]RQ\]ZLĉ]HN PLĘG]\JPLQQ\ZFHOXZVSyOQHMUHDOL]DFMLSXEOLF]QHJRWUDQVSRUWX ]ELRURZHJRµ'HÀQLFMDWDMHVW]JRGQD]SU]HSLVDPLXVWDZ\RSX-EOLF]Q\PWUDQVSRUFLH]ELRURZ\P)XQNFMĘRUJDQL]DWRUDWUDQVSRUWX PLHMVNLHJRZ2OV]W\QLHLJPLQDFKRŒFLHQQ\FKSHâQL=DU]ĉG'UyJ =LHOHQLL7UDQVSRUWX='=L7 7UDQVSRUWPLHMVNLSHâQLLVWRWQĉUROĘZ]DVSDNDMDQLXSRWU]HENR- PXQLNDF\MQ\FKQDREV]DU]H]XUEDQL]RZDQ\P>@'REU]H]RUJDQL- ]RZDQ\V\VWHPWUDQVSRUWXSXEOLF]QHJRVWDQRZLSRGVWDZĘSRVWĘ-SXJRVSRGDUF]HJRZ(XURSLHSU]\F]\QLDMĉFVLĘGRZ]PDFQLDQLD NRQNXUHQF\MQRŒFLPLDVWLUHJLRQyZRUD]RIHUXMĉFXVâXJLZ]DNUHVLH PRELOQRŒFLRZ\VRNLHMMDNRŒFLSU]\RV]F]ĘGQ\PJRVSRGDURZDQLX ]DVREDPL>@1DREV]DUDFKRZ\VRNLFKZDORUDFKWXU\VW\F]Q\FK MHVWZDŮQ\PF]\QQLNLHPNUHRZDQLDLFKZ\VRNLHMDWUDNF\MQRŒFL 6RODULV8UELQRZEDUZDFK03.2OV]W\Q)RW03.2OV]W\Q

SU]HZRĮQLF\LV\VWHP\WUDQVSRUWRZH

WXU\VW\F]QHM>@7UDQVSRUWPLHMVNLPDZLĘFLVWRWQH]QDF]HQLH GODUR]ZRMX2OV]W\QD 7UDQVSRUWPLHMVNLZVWROLF\ZRMHZyG]WZDZDUPLĽVNRPD]XU-VNLHJRLVWQLHMHRGU0LHV]NDĽF\2OV]W\QDNRU]\VWDOL]OLQLL DXWREXVRZ\FKWUDPZDMRZ\FKRUD]WUROHMEXVRZ\FK-HGQDNŮH ZURNX]OLNZLGRZDQRWUDNFMĘWUDPZDMRZĉQDWRPLDVWODW SyŬQLHMGRV]âRGRXVXQLĘFLDOLQLLWUROHMEXVRZ\FK3U]H]ODWD PLHV]NDĽF\2OV]W\QDNRU]\VWDOLW\ONR]VLHFLDXWREXVRZHM: UGRV]âRGRSRQRZQHJRZSURZDG]HQLDWUDPZDMyZGRWUDQVSRUWX PLHMVNLHJR,QZHVW\FMHZW\P]DNUHVLHE\â\ZVSyâÀQDQVRZDQH]H ŒURGNyZ8QLL(XURSHMVNLHMZUDPDFKSURMHNWX0RGHUQL]DFMDLUR]-ZyM]LQWHJURZDQHJRV\VWHPXWUDQVSRUWX]ELRURZHJRZ2OV]W\QLH. -HJRFHOHPE\âR]ZLĘNV]HQLHSU]HZR]yZWUDQVSRUWXSXEOLF]QHJR GOD]DSHZQLHQLDUR]ZRMXPLDVWDLREV]DUyZSU]\OHJâ\FK>@ 6WROLFDZRMHZyG]WZDZDUPLĽVNRPD]XUVNLHJRMHVWPLDVWHP NWyUH²MDNRMHG\QHZ3ROVFH²NRU]\VWDâR]HŒURGNyZXQLMQ\FKQD EXGRZĘRGSRGVWDZV\VWHPXWUDPZDMRZHJR,QZHVW\FMDSRG]LHOR- QD]RVWDâDQDHWDS\:Z\QLNXUHDOL]DFMLSLHUZV]HJRHWDSXREHF-QLHZ2OV]W\QLHIXQNFMRQXMĉOLQLHWUDPZDMRZHRâĉF]QHMGâXJRŒFL NP/LQLHREVâXJXMĉJâyZQLHVWUHIĘFHQWUDOQĉŒUyGPLHMVNĉXQL-ZHUV\WHFNĉRUD]PLHV]NDQLRZĉ:âDG]H2OV]W\QDRJâRVLâ\LŮGR REHFQ\FKOLQLLWUDPZDMRZ\FKGRâĉF]ĉNROHMQH5R]SRF]ĘFLH EXGRZ\QRZ\FKOLQLLRGâXJRŒFLNP]DSODQRZDQRQDU 3U]HZLGXMHVLĘŮHOLQLHWH]RVWDQĉRGGDQHGRHNVSORDWDFMLMHVLH-QLĉU:PLHŒFLHIXQNFMRQXMHUyZQLHŮOLQLLDXWREXVRZ\FK RâĉF]QHMGâXJRŒFLRNNP/LQLHWUROHMEXVRZH]RVWDâ\FDâNR-ZLFLH]OLNZLGRZDQHLZQDMEOLŮV]\PF]DVLHQLHMHVWZSODQDFKLFK ponowne uruchomienie.

W niniejszym artykule zaprezentowano wyniki analizy zmian NRPXQLNDFMLPLHMVNLHM2OV]W\QDSRZ\EXGRZDQLXOLQLLWUDPZDMR-Z\FK0DRQDQDFHOXVSUDZG]HQLHZMDNLPVWRSQLXSRSUDZLâD VLĘGRVWĘSQRŒýNRPXQLNDF\MQDZPLHŒFLH%DGDQ\REV]DUSU]HG-VWDZLRQRQDU\V

6\VWHPLQIRUPDFMLJHRJUDÀF]QHM*,6

*,6PDZLHOHGHÀQLFMLRUD]V\QRQLPyZ :J-*DŬG]LFNLHJRMHVWWRÅV\VWHP SR]\VNLZDQLDJURPDG]HQLDZHU\ÀNR-wania, analizoSR]\VNLZDQLDJURPDG]HQLDZHU\ÀNR-wania, transferowania LXGRVWĘSQLDQLDGDQ\FKSU]HVWU]HQ-nych; w szerokim rozumieniu obej-PXMHRQPHWRG\ŒURGNLWHFKQLF]QH ²VSU]ĘWLRSURJUDPRZDQLHED]ĘGD- Q\FKSU]HVWU]HQQ\FKRUJDQL]DFMĘ]D-soby oraz ludzi zainteresowanych jego IXQNFMRQRZDQLHPµ>@6WUDWHJLF]Q\P aspektem przy wykorzystywaniu opro-JUDPRZDQLDW\SX*,6MHVWâDWZRŒý SU]HSURZDG]DQLDUyŮQRURGQ\FKDQDOL] przestrzennych oraz ich wizualizacji.

Do budowy analizy potrzebna jest odpowiednia baza danych. Dane po-ELHUDQHVĉ]UyŮQ\FKŬUyGHâ-HGQ\P ]QLFKPRŮHE\ýQS2SHQ6WUHHW0DS &HQWUDOQ\ 2ŒURGHN 'RNXPHQWDFML *HRGH]\MQHML.DUWRJUDILF]QHMEĉGŬ *âyZQ\8U]ĉG6WDW\VW\F]Q\'RDQDOL] SRVâXŮ\âRQDU]ĘG]LHXPRŮOLZLDMĉFH ]DU]ĉG]DQLHLWZRU]HQLHGDQ\FKSU]H-VWU]HQQ\FKXGRVWĘSQLDQ\FKZUDPDFK ED]\GDQ\FK2SHQ6WUHHW0DS260 260MHVWWRLQWHUQHWRZDGDUPRZD RUD]RJyOQRGRVWĘSQDPDSDFDâHMNXOL]LHPVNLHM 'DQH]RVWDâ\SREUDQHGODFDâHJRZRMHZyG]WZDZDUPLĽVNRPD-]XUVNLHJRMHGQDNZRSURJUDPRZDQLX$UF*LV]DSRPRFĉQDU]ĘG]L JHRSURFHVLQJXPRŮHP\ZâDWZ\VSRVyEÅSRZ\FLQDýµLQWHUHVXMĉFH nas obszary. W takim przypadku na mapie stworzono odpowied-QLĉÅVLHýµNWyUDSRVâXŮ\âDGRGDOV]HMSUDF\:NDŮG\PPRPHQFLH MHVWHŒP\ZVWDQLHDNWXDOL]RZDýPDWHULDâ\SU]HVWU]HQQH]PLHQLD-MĉFFKDUDNWHUDQDOL]\

$QDOL]\]Z\NRU]\VWDQLHPUR]V]HU]HQLD1HWZRUN$QDO\VW

Na potrzeby przeprowadzenia analizy wybrano obszar stolicy wo- MHZyG]WZDZDUPLĽVNRPD]XUVNLHJR&HOHPEDGDQLDE\âRVSUDZ-G]HQLHZMDNLVSRVyERUJDQL]DFMH]DMPXMĉFHVLĘ]DU]ĉG]DQLHP WUDQVSRUWHPPLHMVNLPPRJĉZ\NRU]\VW\ZDýV\VWHP\JHRLQIRUPD- F\MQHZVZRMHMSUDF\D]ZâDV]F]DZSRSUDZLHMDNRŒFLNRPXQLND-FML)LUPD(65,RIHUXMHGXŮĉOLF]EĘSU]\U]ĉGyZGRSURZDG]HQLD WDNLFKEDGDĽ3UDFH]RVWDâ\Z\NRQDQHZRSURJUDPRZDQLX$UF*,6 DGRNâDGQLHM]DSRPRFĉUR]V]HU]HQLD1HWZRUN$QDO\VW']LĘNLQD-U]ĘG]LRPMHVWHŒP\ZVWDQLHWZRU]\ýDQDOL]\SRGZ]JOĘGHPF]DVX RUD]RGOHJâRŒFLRGSU]\VWDQNyZ²]XZ]JOĘGQLHQLHPQDWXUDOQ\FK SU]HV]NyG7DNLPLSU]HV]NRGDPLPRJĉE\ýPLQU]HNLMH]LRUD DWDNŮHOLQLHNROHMRZH6WUXNWXUDNRPXQLNDFMLPLHMVNLHM2OV]W\QD SU]H]RVWDWQLHODWDXOHJâD]QDF]Q\P]PLDQRP2EHFQLHZPLH-ŒFLHLVWQLHMĉSU]\VWDQNLDXWREXVRZHRUD]SU]\VWDQNyZ WUDPZDMRZ\FK3U]\VWDQNL]ORNDOL]RZDQHVĉJâyZQLHZFHQWUDOQHM RUD]SRâXGQLRZHMF]ĘŒFLPLDVWD'RDQDOL]\SRWU]HEQDE\âDRG- SRZLHGQLDGâXJRŒýGURJLNWyUD]RVWDâDGRGDQDGRWDEHOLDWU\EX-WyZZPRPHQFLHZSURZDG]HQLDGDQ\FKGRW\F]ĉF\FKVLHFLGUyJ ]2SHQ6WUHHW0DS$E\GRNRQDýDQDOL]QDOHŮDâRVNRQÀJXURZDý GDQH3LHUZV]\PHWDSHPE\âRGRGDQLHNROXPQ\ZNWyUHM]RVWD-âDXPLHV]F]RQDŒUHGQLDSUĘGNRŒýSRUXV]DQLDVLĘF]âRZLHND1D SRGVWDZLHLQQ\FKDWU\EXWyZZWDEHOL]RVWDâREOLF]RQ\F]DVSU]H-E\FLDRGFLQNDGURJL7UDG\F\MQLHSU]\MPXMHVLĘŮHMHVWWRNPK 5\V0DSDSRJOĉGRZD2OV]W\QD]ORNDOL]DFMĉSU]\VWDQNyZDXWREXVRZ\FKLWUDPZDMRZ\FK 1 0 1 2 3 4 km SU]\VWDQNLWUDPZDMRZH SU]\VWDQNLDXWREXVRZH drogi JUDQLFHDGPLQLVWUDF\MQH2OV]\QD Legenda

SU]HZRĮQLF\LV\VWHP\WUDQVSRUWRZH

²SUĘGNRŒýWDRGSRZLDGDGRŒýV]\ENLHPXPDUV]RZL:WDNLP SU]\SDGNX]DSRPRFĉQDU]ĘG]LZRSURJUDPRZDQLXRWU]\PXMHP\ F]DVZMDNLPSRUXV]DVLĘF]âRZLHNQDGDQHMGURG]H 3LHUZV]DDQDOL]DSU]HGVWDZLDSU]\VWDQNLDXWREXVRZH0DRQD QDFHOXRFHQĘV\VWHPXWUDQVSRUWXSXEOLF]QHJRSU]HGZ\EXGRZD-QLHPOLQLLWUDPZDMRZ\FKZUU\V'UXJDDQDOL]DGRW\F]\ ]DUyZQRSU]\VWDQNyZDXWREXVRZ\FKMDNLWUDPZDMRZ\FKU\V 3U]\VWDQNLDXWREXVRZH]RVWDâ\R]QDF]RQHNRORUHPUyŮRZ\PQDWR-PLDVWWUDPZDMRZH²NRORUHPŮyâW\P3RPRFQ\PQDU]ĘG]LHPSU]\ Z\ERU]HORNDOL]DFMLSU]\VWDQNyZMHVWVSUDZG]HQLHREV]DUXREVâX-JLZDQHJR2EV]DUREVâXJLZDQ\R]QDF]DREV]DU]NWyUHJRPRŮQD GRWU]HýZSU]HFLĉJXRNUHŒORQHJRF]DVXGRSU]\VWDQNX3RUXV]DQLH VLĘF]âRZLHNDRGE\ZDVLĘ]SUĘGNRŒFLĉPPLQ=LHORQ\REV]DU R]QDF]DREV]DUREVâXJLZDQ\ZSU]HFLĉJXGRPLQŮyâW\²RG GRPLQDF]HUZRQ\²GRPLQ7HUHQ2OV]W\QDQLHMHVWZSHâQL SRNU\W\SU]HGVWDZLRQ\PLNRORUDPL2]QDF]DWRLŮGRVWDQLHVLĘGR PLHMVFR]QDF]RQ\FKNRORUHPELDâ\P]DMPXMHQDPSRZ\ŮHMPLQ RUD]VLHýNRPXQLNDF\MQDQLHMHVWGRNRĽFDUR]ZLQLĘWDLZSâ\ZD WRQHJDW\ZQLHQDRFHQĘGRVWĘSQRŒFLNRPXQLNDF\MQHM2OV]W\QD 2EV]DUREMĘW\DQDOL]ĉREHMPXMHFHQWUDOQĉRUD]SRâXGQLRZĉF]ĘŒý PLDVWD3RQDGWROLQLHWUDPZDMRZH]RVWDâ\Z\EXGRZDQHZVWUHÀH FHQWUDOQHM2OV]W\QD*âyZQLHSU]\VWDQNLDXWREXVRZH]QDMGXMĉVLĘ W\ONRSU]\JâyZQ\FKGURJDFK1LHPDWDPŮDGQ\FKOLQLLWUDPZD-MRZ\FKZLĘFZ\EXGRZDQLHWHMVLHFLLQIUDVWUXNWXU\WHFKQLF]QHM ZUQLHZSâ\QĘâRSR]\W\ZQLHQDWHG]LHOQLFH =HVWDZLDMĉFV\WXDFMĘVSU]HGZ\EXGRZDQLDOLQLLWUDPZDMRZ\FK LSRZ\EXGRZDQLXREVHUZXMHP\LŮGRVWĘSQRŒýNRPXQLNDF\MQD ]QDF]QLHVLĘ]PLHQLâD1DMZLĘNV]ĉ]PLDQĘSRUU\VZLGDýQD REV]DU]HSU]\*DOHULL:DUPLĽVNLHM²MHGQ\P]QDMF]ĘŒFLHMRGZLH- G]DQ\FKPLHMVFSU]H]PLHV]NDĽFyZ2OV]W\QD6\WXDFMĘSU]HGZ\-budowaniem i po wybudowaniu linii tramwajowych przedstawia U\V1DZ\FLQNXZLGRF]QHMHVWELDâHSROH]D*DOHULĉ:DUPLĽVNĉ NWyUHR]QDF]DF]DVZNWyU\PPXVLP\SRNRQDýWUDVĘGRSU]\VWDQ-NX.RORUWHJRSRODZVND]XMHŮHF]DVSRNRQDQLDRGOHJâRŒFLRG SU]\VWDQNXZ\QRVLSRQDGPLQ3RZ\EXGRZDQLXOLQLLWUDPZDMR-Z\FKF]DVGRWDUFLD]WHJRIUDJPHQWXPLDVWDGRSU]\VWDQNXVNUyFLâ VLĘ²Z\QRVLSRQLŮHMPLQ']LĘNLWDNLHMDQDOL]LHPRŮHP\ZâDWZ\ VSRVyENRQWURORZDýPLHMVFDZNWyU\FKZ\EXGRZDQLHOLQLL03. SU]\QLRVâRE\QDMZLĘNV]HNRU]\ŒFLFRSR]ZDODQDUR]ZyMPLDVWD

3RGVXPRZDQLH

2SLVDQHZDUW\NXOHDQDOL]\SRZLQQ\E\ý]DVWRVRZDQHZ]DU]ĉG]D-QLXWUDQVSRUWHP:\QLNLDQDOL]PRJĉSU]\F]\QLýVLĘGRSRSUDZ\ MDNRŒFLNRPXQLNDFMLPLHMVNLHM²PLQSRSU]H]]PLDQ\ORNDOL]DFML SU]\VWDQNXZVND]DQLHQRZ\FKSU]\VWDQNyZDOHUyZQLHŮ]PLDQ\ WUDVOLQLLDXWREXVRZ\FK0DWRSR]\W\ZQ\ZSâ\ZQDDWUDNF\MQRŒý NRPXQLNDFMLPLHMVNLHM0LHV]NDĽF\FKĘWQLHMEĘGĉZ\ELHUDýWDNL ŒURGHNWUDQVSRUWX 7UDQVSRUWSXEOLF]Q\2OV]W\QDPDLVWRWQH]QDF]HQLHZGRVWĘSLH GRZDORUyZWXU\VW\F]Q\FK:JUDQLFDFKDGPLQLVWUDF\MQ\FKVWROL-F\ZRMHZyG]WZDZDUPLĽVNRPD]XUVNLHJR]QDMGXMHVLĘMH]LRU .UyWNLF]DVGRMD]GXGRQLFKVSU]\MDUR]ZRMRZLWXU\VW\NL:NRQVH-kwencji jest istotnym czynnikiem rozwoju miasta i regionu. Zbyt GâXJLF]DVGRMD]GXMHVWQDWRPLDVWSRVWU]HJDQ\MDNREDULHUDUR]-ZRMXWXU\VW\NLZPLHŒFLH 2SW\PDOL]DFMLORNDOL]DFMLSU]\VWDQNyZG]LĘNLPRŮOLZRŒFLVNUy-FHQLDF]DVXSU]HMD]GXSU]\F]\QLDVLĘGRRJUDQLF]DQLDNRV]WyZ NRQJHVWLLEĘGĉFHM²RERN]âHMMDNRŒFLSRZLHWU]DLKDâDVX²JâyZ-Q\PSUREOHPHPZVSyâF]HVQ\FKPLDVW:]UDVWDMĉFDNRQJHVWLD PDQHJDW\ZQ\ZSâ\ZQDPRŮOLZRŒFLGRMD]GXGRPLDVWDRUD] SU]HPLHV]F]DQLDVLĘSRMHJRREV]DU]H:WHMV\WXDFMLNRQLHF]QH VĉGRVNRQDOHQLHRIHUW\WUDQVSRUWXSXEOLF]QHJR]ZLĘNV]HQLH GRVWĘSQRŒFLREV]DUyZVSRâHF]QDDNFHSWDFMDGODUR]ZRMXLQ-IUDVWUXNWXU\WUDQVSRUWXSXEOLF]QHJRLDOWHUQDW\ZQ\FKŒURGNyZ 0DSDSU]HGVWDZLDMĉFDV\WXDFMĘD²SU]HGZ\EXGRZDQLHPE²SRZ\EXGRZDQLX

D

b

100 0 100 200 300 400 m

SU]HZRĮQLF\LV\VWHP\WUDQVSRUWRZH

0DSDEDGDQHJRREV]DUX²SU]HGXUXFKRPLHQLHPOLQLLWUDPZDMRZHM 5\V0DSDREV]DUXREVâXJLZDQHJR²SRXUXFKRPLHQLXOLQLLWUDPZDMRZHM 1 0 1 2 3 4 km 1 0 1 2 3 4 km SU]\VWDQNLWUDPZDMRZH SU]\VWDQNLDXWREXVRZH drogi OLQLHNROHMRZH rzeki Legenda 0–3 3–5 5–10 ]ELRUQLNLZRGQH JUDQLFHDGPLQLVWUDF\MQH2OV]W\QD Wynik analizy [minuty]

SU]\VWDQNLWUDPZDMRZH SU]\VWDQNLDXWREXVRZH drogi rzeki Legenda 0–3 3–5 5–10 OLQLHNROHMRZH ]ELRUQLNLZRGQH JUDQLFHDGPLQLVWUDF\MQH2OV]W\QD Wynik analizy [minuty]

SU]HZRĮQLF\LV\VWHP\WUDQVSRUWRZH

WUDQVSRUWX>@3UREOHP\WHVĉLVWRWQ\PZ\]ZDQLHPGODXQLMQHM SROLW\NLWUDQVSRUWRZHMQDSLHUZV]ĉSRâRZĘ;;,Z>@

%LEOLRJUDÀD

 %ĉNRZVNL:'\U73RS\WQDXVâXJLXŮ\WHF]QRŒFLSXEOLF]QHM ZWUDQVSRUFLHUHJLRQDOQ\PLGRVWRVRZDQLHSU]HZRŬQLNyZGR]D-VDGRNUHŒORQ\FKZXVWDZLHRSXEOLF]Q\PWUDQVSRUFLH]ELRURZ\P, Å$XWREXV\²7HFKQLND(NVSORDWDFMD6\VWHP\7UDQVSRUWRZHµ QU²  &]\ŮD66]XQLHZLF]..XFKDUF]\N%6\VWHP\LQIRUPDFMLSU]H-VWU]HQQHM/XEOLQ  Dyr T., (XURSHMVNDSROLW\NDWUDQVSRUWRZDQDSLHUZV]ĉSRâRZĘ;;, ZLHNXÅ$XWREXV\²7HFKQLND(NVSORDWDFMD6\VWHP\7UDQVSRUWR-ZHµQU  '\U7.R]âRZVND0.RV]W\NRQJHVWLLZ8QLL(XURSHMVNLHM, „Au-WREXV\²7HFKQLND(NVSORDWDFMD6\VWHP\7UDQVSRUWRZHµ QU²  Dyr T.,

:VSDUFLHUR]ZRMXWUDNFMLHOHNWU\F]QHMZNRPXQLNDFMLPLHM-VNLHM]IXQGXV]\8QLL(XURSHMVNLHM, „Technika Transportu

Szyno-ZHJRµQU²  )DUVHZLF]32OV]W\QGREXGXMHNPWRUyZWUDPZDMRZ\FK 5XV]DSU]HWDUJKWWSVZZZWUDQVSRUWSXEOLF]Q\SOZLDGR-PRVFLROV]W\QGREXGXMHNPWRURZWUDPZDMRZ\FKUXV]D SU]HWDUJKWPOGRVWĘSU  *DŬG]LFNL-/HNV\NRQJHRPDW\F]Q\3ROVNLH7RZDU]\VWZR,QIRU-PDFML3U]HVWU]HQQHM:DUV]DZD  *URPDG]NL06WUDWHJLDUR]ZRMXSXEOLF]QHJRWUDQVSRUWX]ELR-URZHJRZ2OV]W\QLHGRU5HGD2OV]W\QPDU]HFZU]HVLHĽ   KWWSROV]W\QZ\ERUF]DSOROV]W\QROV] W\QVNLHDXWREXV\LWUDPZDMHFKZDORQHZSROVFHKWPOGRVWĘS U KWWSVZZZPSNROV]W\QSOGRVWĘSU KWWSVZZZ]G]LWROV]W\QHXSOGRVWĘSU Jakubowski A., 'RVWĘSQRŒýNRPXQLNDF\MQDLWUDQVSRUWRZDPLDVW

ZZRMHZyG]WZLHOXEHOVNLP>Z@%URQLV]8UHG3RWHQFMDâHNR-QRPLF]Q\PLDVWZZRMHZyG]WZLHOXEHOVNLPZODWDFK² 8U]ĉG6WDW\VW\F]Q\Z/XEOLQLH/XEOLQV²

0DUiNRYi9'\U7:RODN7X]LPHN$)DFWRUVRIWRXULVP·VFRP-SHWLWLYHQHVVLQWKH(XURSHDQ8QLRQFRXQWULHV, „E a M: Ekonomie

D0DQDJHPHQWµ9RO1R 2JURGQLF]DN05\ED%3LyUHFND13LâDWá'DZLG]LRQHN- ,PSOHPHQWDFMDRSURJUDPRZDĽW\SX*,6Z/RJLVW\FH, „Autobusy ²7HFKQLND(NVSORDWDFMD6\VWHP\7UDQVSRUWRZHµQU 6WXGLXPXZDUXQNRZDĽLNLHUXQNyZUR]ZRMX]DJRVSRGD-URZDQLDSU]HVWU]HQQHJR2OV]W\QD]DâĉF]QLNGRXFKZDâ\ QU;;;9,,5DGD0LDVWD2OV]W\QD]GQU ZZZJLVSOD\SOGRVWĘSU ZZZWUDQVSRUWSXEOLF]Q\SOGRVWĘSU $QDO\VLVRIFKDQJHVRIWKHXUEDQWUDQVSRUWV\VWHP RQWKHH[DPSOHRI2OV]W\Q 7KHDLPRIWKHDUWLFOHLVWRSUHVHQWWKHDVVHVVPHQWRIWKHDFFHV-VLELOLW\RI2OV]W\QDVDIDFWRUGHWHUPLQLQJWKHWRXULVWDWWUDFWLYHQHVV RIWKHDUHD)RUWKLVSXUSRVH*,6WRROVZHUHXVHG7KHFRQGLWLRQRI SXEOLFWUDQVSRUWEHIRUHDQGDIWHUWKHFRQVWUXFWLRQRIWUDPOLQHVZDV FRPSDUHG7KH1HWZRUN$QDO\VWH[WHQVLRQZDVXVHGIRUDQDO\VLV WKDQNVWRZKLFKZHFDQGHVLJQDWHDVXSSRUWHGDUHD .HZRUGVXUEDQWUDQVSRUWWUDQVSRUWDFFHVVLELOLW\*,6WRROV

$XWRUND

0DJGDOHQD.DUF]HZVND²8QLZHUV\WHW:DUPLĽVNR0D]XUVNL 6RODULV7UDPLQRQDXOLFDFK2OV]W\QD)RW6RODULV