A C T A U N I V E R S I T A T I S L 0 D Z I li N S I á _______ ___________ FOLIA CHIMICA 3 , 1984 ____ ______
S t e f a n i a T a n iew sk a-O siú sk a, A lin a P ie k a r s k a
THERMODYNAMIC FUNCTIONS OF ACTIVATION OF VISCOUS FLOW IN Nal-WATER-AMIDE SYSTEMS
The therm odynam ic p a ra m e te rs o f v is c o u s flo w , namely* AH, AS a t 29 8 .1 5 K and AG in 2 7 8 .1 5 -3 1 8 .1 ') K have been c a l c u l a t e d f o r t h e system s N a l-w ater-fo rm am id e ina ¡v¡I- -w a te r-N ,N -d im e th y lfo rm am id e.
The c a l c u l a t i o n s have been made on th e b a s i s o f o u r p re v io u s v i s c o s i t y d a t a .
In o u r e a r l i e r p a p e rs , [ 1 J we r e p o r t e d t h e r e s u l t s o f v i s - c o s im e U ic s t u d i e s o f N a l-w a te r-fo rm a m id e and Nal-water-DM F s y stem s in th e te m p e ra tu re ran g e o f 2 7 8 .1 5 -3 1 8 .1 5 K. T aking ad v a n ta g e o f th o s e d a ta we have now c a l c u l a t e d th e therm odynam ic f u n c tio n s o f a c t i v a t i o n o f v is c o u s flo w i n th e two s y s te m s.
As i s w e ll known, u n d e r c o n s ta n t p r e s s u r e th e te m p e ra tu re f u n c tio n o f th e v i s c o s i t y o f m ost l i q u i d s can be p r e s e n te d as an A rh e n iu s e q u a tio n
w here Ey i s i s m olar a c t i v a t i o n e n e rg y o f v is c o u s flo w , w hich can be d e te rm in e d a s a s lo p e o f I n rj r e l a t i v e to 1 /T . A no ther form o f th e dependence u n d e r d is c u s s io n i s th e E y rin g equ- ion
[ 2 ] , w hich can be r e p r e s e n t e d a s :
R e s u lts and d is c u s s io n
where h i s P l a n c k 's c o n s t a n t , V I s m olal volum e, N i s Avo- g a d ro ’ s num ber, and AG*, AH*, and AS* a r e a c t i v a t i o n f r e e e n e rg y , e n th a lp y and e n tr o p y r e s p e c t i v e l y . Assuming t h a t V and AS* a r e c o n s t a n t , eqn 2 c a n be re d u c e d t o e x p re s s io n (3 )8
rj - A exp f f i (3 )
whose form i s b a s i c a l l y i d e n t i c a l t o t h a t o f eqn ( 1 ) . In su ch a c a s e AH* can be compared to A d opting th e above assump t i o n we have c a l c u l a t e d AG*, AH* and AS* f o r a l l NaX s o l u t i o n s in formamide and N ,N -dim ethylform am ide w ith w a te r in th e te m p e ra tu re ra n g e o f 2 7 8 .1 5 -3 1 8 .1 5 K. The r e s u l t s a r e c o l l
e c te d in Tab. 1 -4 . i
T a b l e 1 Form am ide-w ater m ix tu re a c t i v a t i o n p a ra m e te rs
Hoi % F AH* k J.m o i , AS* e . u . AG*/kJ • mol"1 2 7 8 .15K •2 8 8 .15K 2 9 8 .15K 3 0 8 .15K 318.15K 0 1 7 .1 6 26 .8 3 9 .7 7 9 .4 5 9 .1 6 8 .9 3 8 .7 4 10 1 5.92 2 0 .9 0 1 0 .17 9 .9 0 9 .6 9 9 .5 5 9 .3 7 20 1 5 .2 0 1 6 .6 0 10.61 1 0 .4 4 10.25 10.12 10.01 30 1 5 .00 14.15 1 1 .0 8 1 0.92 10.78 10 .68 1 0 .58 40 15.03 12.51 11 .56 1 1.43 11 .3 0 11.21 11.13 50 15.44 12.11 1 2.15 7 1 1 .9 4 11.83 1 1 .7 4 1 1.65 60 1 6.07 12.51 1 2 .6 0 •12.45 1 2.34 1 2 .2 5 .1 2 .1 6 70 1 6 .6 7 1 2 .8 4 1 3 .0 8 ,12.97 1 2 .8 4 12.76 1 2 .6 6 00 1 7.23 1 ^ .9 8 13.63 1 3 .46 1 3.36 1 3 .2 9 1 3.15 90 1 8 .2 7 1 4 .6 9 14.16 14.03 1 3 .8 9 13.81 1 3.63 100 19.66 1 8 .2 8 1 4 .7 7 14.56 14.41 1 4 .2 6 1 4 .1 0
' f a b l e 2 A c t lv a t io o p a ra m e te rs o f N al-v rater-fo rm am id e system
N ala Mol AH* AS* AG */kJ • mol“ 1
F k J . mol e . u . 2 7 8 .15K 2 8 8 .15K 2 9 8 .15K 3 0 8 .15K 318.15K 0 1 6.77 2 5 .4 6 9 .7 6 9 .4 5 9 .1 8 8 .9 7 8 .7 8 10 1 5 .73 2 0 .0 9 1 0 .1 9 9.95 9 .7 4 9 .6 0 9.43 20 1 5 .1 0 16.03 1 0.66 1 0 .5 0 1 0 .32 1 0 .1 8 10.01 30 15.02 1 3.95 1 1 .1 5 11.01 10.86 10.72 1 0 .6 0 40 1 5.13 12.51 1 1.66 11.52 1 1 .4 0 11.31 11.23 0 .5 50 1 5.62 1 2 .3 8 1 2 .1 9 1 2 .0 6 1 1 .9 3 11.85 1 1.76 60 1 6.42 12.81 12.72 1 2 .5 8 1 2 .4 6 12.38 1 2.27 70 1 7 .0 2 1 2 .9 8 1 3 .2 4 1 3 .10 1 2 .97 1 2.87 1 2.78 80 1 7 .6 0 1 4 .2 9 1 3 .7 7 1 3 .6 0 1 3 .4 8 1 3 .37 1 3.27 90 1 8 .6 8 15.63 1 4 .2 4 1 4 .1 7 1 4.03 1 3 .93 13.75 100 2 0 .2 6 1 9.15 1 4 .8 6 14.71 1 4 .5 3 1 4 .3 8 14.22 0 1 6 .4 0 2 4 .1 8 9 .7 6 9 .4 5 ■ 9 .1 9 8 .9 9 8 .8 3 10 1 5 .4 0 18.95 10.21 9 .9 9 9 .7 9 9.67 9.1)0 20 14.95 15.46 10.73 1 0.56 1 0 .3 9 10.26 1 0 .1 0 30 14.95 1 3 .3 8 1 1.25 1 1 .1 0 1 0 .9 6 10.86 1 0 .7 5 40 15.27 12.61 1 1.7 8 1 1 .64 11.51 11.41 11.32 1 50 15.87 12.31 12.33 1 2 .1 9 1 2 .0 7 1 1 .9 8 11.86 60 16,64 12.71 1 2 .8 9 1 2.73 12.61 12.52 12.35 70 1 7.27 1 3.62 13.41 1 3 .2 7 13.14 13.03 12.75, 60 1 7 .9 0 1 5 .0 9 13.91 13.75 1 3 .6 0 1 3 .4 9 1 3 .3 ^ 90 1 8.94 16.64 1 4 .4 8 1 4.37 14.15 14.02 1 3.89 100 2 0 .5 4 2 0 .3 3 1 5 .0 6 1 4 .8 6 _ 14.66 1 4 .4 9 14.33 0 1 5 .7 8 2 1 .9 9 9 .7 6 9 .4 9 9 .2 2 9 .0 7 8 .9 2 10 1 5 .20 1 7.84 1 0 .29 1 0.05 9 .8 8 -9 .7 7 9 .62 20 14.93 14.76 10.85 1 0 .6 9 1 0.53 10.42 10.32 30 1 5 .1 0 1 3 .3 8 1 1 .4 0 1 1.25 11.11 1 1 .0 0 10.91 40 1 5 .5 0 1 2 .7 8 1 1 .9 7 11.83 1 1 .69 1 1 .5 5 1 1 .5 0 2 50 1 6 .1 8 13.11 1 2.55 12.41 1 2 .27 1 2 .1 3 1 2 .0 9 60 1 7 .0 6 1 3 .7 9 1 3.13 1 2 .9 8 12.85 12.74 12.65 70 17.77 1 4 .6 9 1 3 .69 1 3.54 1 3 .3 9 1 3 .2 8 13. .18 80 18.51 16.03 1 4 .2 0 1 4 .0 5 1 3.88 1 3 .7 6 15.63 90 19.57 1 7 .5 4 1 4 .7 7 14.61 14.41 1 4 .30 14.16 100 2 1 .3 0 2 1 .2 3 1 5 .4 0 1 5 .1 7 1 4 .9 7 14.79 1 4.62
a N al c o n c . in m oles o f N al in 100 mol m ixed s o l v e n t .
N ,N -d im eth y lfo rra a m id e -w a te r m ix tu re a c t i v a t i o n p a ra m e te rs Hoi 56 DMF AH* 0 -1 k J.m o l
K
e . u . AGg/kJ . mol-1 2 7 8 .15K 2 8 8 .15K 2 9 8 .15K I 3 0 6 .15K 3 1 8 .15K O'. 17.16 2 6 .8 3 9 .7 7 9 .4 5 9 .1 6 8 .9 3 8 .7 4 5 1 9 .5 8 3 0.42 1 1 .1 6 1 0 .80 10.51 10.24 9 .9 8 10 2 1 .6 7 3 4 .1 7 12.22 1 1.85 1 1 .48 1 1 .1 9 1 0.93 , 15 2 3 .0 3 3 6 .3 9 13.01 1 2.63 1 2 .26 1 1.95 1 1.64 20 2 3 .6 3 3 6 ,4 2 1 3 .5 0 1 3 .1 5 1 2.77 1 2 .46 12 .14 ' 25 23.81 35 .8 5 1 3.85 .1 3 .4 7 1 3.12 1 2 .8 3 1 2 .5 0 30 2 3 .3 5 3 3 .6 0 14.01 13.67 1 3 .3 4 1 3 .06 12.75 35 2 2 .3 7 2 9 .92 _ 1 4 .0 2 1 3 .7 4 1 3 .4 5 1 3 .1 8 1 2.92 40 2 1 .0 0 2 5 .2 9 1 3.97 1 3 .6 4 1 3.46 13.25 13.02 50 1 8 .1 4 1 6 .1 0 1 3 .7 0 1 3 .4 4 1 3 .3 4 13.21 1 3 .1 3 60 1 5 .57 8 .1 8 1 3 .32 1 3 .1 9 1 3.13 13.07 1 3 .09 70 13.51 1 .9 8 1 2.96 12.91 1 2 .92 12.92 12.95 80 1 1.65 - 3 .5 9 1 2 .6 5 12.67 12.72 1 2 .7 8 1 2 .8 7 90 10.17 - 8 .1 2 12.41 12.51 1 2 .5 9 1 2 .6 8 1 2 .8 0 I 100 5.11 - 1 1 .3 0 1 2 .29 1 2 .3 6 | 1 2 .4 8 1 2 .67 .1 2.8 4T a b l e 4 'A c tiv a tio n p a ra m e te rs o f M al-w ater-N , N -dim ethylfurm a;nide
sy stem
N a la Mol % AH* AS* AG* k J . mol” 1
DMF k J.m o l” 1 e . u . 2 7 8 .15K 2 8 8 .15K 2 9 8 .15K 3 0 8 .15K 3 1 8 .15K 0 1 6 .77 2 5 .4 6 9 .7 6 9 .4 5 9 .1 8 8 .9 7 8 .7 8 5 19 .2 5 2 9 .2 5 1 1 ,16 10.82 10.53 10.27 10.03 10 2 1 .4 0 3 3 .1 7 12.23 1 1.87 11.51 11.27 10 .98 15 2 2 .8 3 3 5 .3 2 13.03 1 2.65 1 2 .30 1 2 .0 0 1 1.7 0 20 2 3 .4 0 3 5 .5 2 13.52 1 3 .1 9 12.81 12.52 1 2 .20 25 2 3 .5 9 3 4 .9 2 1 3 .9 0 13.52 1 3 .1 8 1 2 .9 0 1 2 .5 8 30 2 3 .3 3 3 3 .2 7 1 4 .0 8 13.74 13.41 1 3.15 12.84 0 .5 35 2 2 .4 6 2 9 .8 8 14.11 1 3.83 1 3 .5 5 1 3 .27 13 .01 40 2 1 .2 3 2 5 .6 9 1 4 .0 9 1 3.75 13.. 57 13.36 13.12 50 1 8 .4 6 1 6.77 13.84 1 3 .57 1 3 .4 6 1 3.34 1 3.24 60 1 5 .90 9.35- 13-31 - - 1 3 .0 7 13.11 1 3 .05 1 3 .2 0 70 1 3.85 2 .6 8 13.11 13.05 1 3.05 1 3 .0 5 13.08 80 1 2 .03 - 2 .7 8 1 2 .8 0 1 2.82 1 2 .86 1 2.94 1 3 .0 0 90 10.53 - 7 .3 5 12.55 12.65 1 2.72 1 2.85 12.92 100 9 .4 8 - 1 0 .5 0 1 2.44 1 2 .50 12.61 1 2 .7 8 12.95 0 1 6 .4 0 2 4 .1 8 S. 76 9 .4 5 9 .1 9 8 .9 9 B . ö j 5 1 8.95 2 8 .2 0 11.16 1 0 .8 3 1 0 .54 1 0 .3 0 1 0 .0 8 10 2 1 .1 3 3 2 .2 7 1 2 .2 0 1 1 .8 8 1 1.53 1 1.27 11.03 15 2 2 .6 8 34.71 1 3.07 1 2 ,6 5 ' 1 2 .33 12'. 04 1 1.75 20 2 3 .3 5 3 5 .1 8 1 3 .6 0 1 3 .2 0 1 2 .8 6 12.57 12*25 25 2 3 .5 8 .3 4 .6 8 1 3.95 1 3 .5 7 1 3 .24 1 2 .95 1 2 .6 3 30 2 3 .3 3 3 3 .0 4 1 4 .1 7 1 3 .7 9 1 3 .4 8 1 3.22 12.92 1 35 2 2 .6 8 3 0 .3 5 1 4.23 1 3 .8 9 1 3 .6 3 1 3.35 1 3 .0 9 40 2 1 .4 0 2 5 .9 6 1 4 .1 8 1 3.85 1 3 .6 6 1 3.44 13.2,9 - 50 1 8 .6 7 1 7.07 1 3.96 1 3 .70 1 3 .5 8 1 3 .44 1 3 .3 6 60 1 6 .2 3 9 .4 9 13.61 1 3 .4 7 1 3 .4 0 1 3.33 1 3 .32 70 1 4 .2 0 3 .3 8 Í 3 .2 6 1 3 .20 1 3 .1 9 1 3 .1 9 1 3 .2 0 80 1 2.32 - 2 .2 8 1 2.95 1 2 .9 6 1 3 .0 0 1 3 .0 5 13.11 90 1 0.83 - 6 .8 4 12.71 1 2 .8 0 12.87 1 2 .9 4 . 13.05 10Ó ,9 .7 7 - 1 0 .0 0 ■ - 1 2 .66 12.75 12.94 1 3 .0 9
T a b le 4 c o n t.
Mala Mol % AH* AS* AG* k J * rao i"1
DMF ---0 «u* 2 7 8 .15K 2 8 8 .13K 2 9 8 .15K 3 0 3 .15K 313.15K 0 1 5 .7 3 2 1 .9 9 9 .7 6 9 .4 9 9 .2 2 9 .0 7 8 .9 2 5 18.32 2 5 .3 9 1 1 .1 7 10.8S 1 0 .6 0 1 0 .3 7 1 0 .1 7 10 2 0.62 30.25 1 2.27 1 1.92 1 1 .6 0 1 1 .3 5 1 1.1 4 15 2 2 .2 3 3 2 .9 7 1 3 .1 0 1 2 .7 5 1 2 .4 0 1 2.13 11.87 20 2 3 .0 8 3 5 .6 7 1 3 .6 4 1 3 .3 2 1 2.96 1 2 .6 8 1 2 .4 0 25 2 5 .3 7 3 3 .5 4 1 4 .06 1 3 .7 0 1 3 .3 7 1 3 .0 9 1 2 .8 0 50 23*12 3 1 .8 3 1 4 .2 9 1 3 .9 3 13.63 1 3 .3 6 13.11 2 35 2 2 .7 9 3 0 .1 5 1 4 .3 8 1 4 .1 0 1 3 .8 0 13.53 13.27 40 2 1 .7 3 2 6 .4 6 14.41 1 4 .0 5 1 3 .8 6 1 3 .6 4 13.41 50 1 9 .18 1 7 .9 4 1 4 .2 3 1 3 .9 5 13.83 1 3.64 1 3 .5 9 60 16.72 1 0 .2 3 1:5.89 1 3.75 1 3 .6 7 1 3 .5 9 1 3 .5 8 70 1 4 .70 4 .0 9 1 3 .5 6 13.49 1 3.48 1 3 .4 6 13.47 30 1 2 .7 9 , - 1 .6 3 13.26 1 3 .2 6 1 3 .2 9 1 3 .33 1 3 .4 0 90 1 1 .2 9 - 6 .2 7 1 3 .0 2 1 3 .1 0 13.16 1 3 .2 4 1 3.34 100 10.23 - 1 9 .3 9 1 2 .95 1 3 .03 1 3 .2 2 1 3 .3 8
a ¡4al conc In m oles o f Nal in 100 mol m ixed s o l v e n t .
A c t iv a t io n e n th a lp y o f v is c o u s flo w (AH*) o f w a te r-fo rm am id e m ix tu re s and o f Nal s o l u t i o n s i n th e s e m ix tu re s P ig . 1 d e c re a s e s i n , t h e r a n ^ e o f 0* m ole t o 15-2056 m ole fon n am id e, w hich i s p r o b a b ly due to th e d e s t r u c t i v e e f f e c t o f form am ide on w a te r s t r u c t u r e : th e fo rm a tio n o f s m a ll an d homogeneous o r-m ix e d agg r e g a t e s f a c i l i t a t e s v is c o u s flo w . The minimum p o i n t (15-2056 mole F) p r o b a b ly c o rre s p o n d s t o t o t a l d e s t r u c t i o n o f th e t h r e e - . .»dim ensional H-bond l a t t i c e in -w ater. The f o rm a tio n o f l a r g e r m ixed iornr.araide-w ater a s s o c i a t e s p ro d u c e s an I n c r e a s e i n th e > a c t i v a t i o n e n th a lp y o f v is c o u 3 flo w i n th e ra n g e o f ~20?6- ~ 90 ^ mole f o r : M.cido. In th e 90 -1 0 0 # mole ra n g e a much f a s t e r i n c r e a s e i n AH* is o b s e rv e d b o th i n H al s o l u t i o n s i n w a t e r - f o r - aatU ae m ix tu re s arid i n th e m ixed s o l v e n t . Q u ite l i k e l y , s o l u tio n :; c o h t . Hing ao re th a n 90A mole form am ide d e v e lo p a form am ide
s t r u c t u r e t y p i c a l o f p u re l i q u i d w h ich , in t u r n , makes v is c o u s flow more d i f f i c u l t and r e q u i r e s more e n e rg y . The a c t i v a t i o n e n e rg y o f v is c o u s flo w i n Nal s o l u t i o n s i n w ater-fo rm am id e Mix t u r e s i n th e ra n g e o f 0 -2 3 # m ole F i s lo w er th a n th ejt f o r p u re s o l u a a t . T his may be r e l a t e d to t h e s t r u c t u r e b re a k in g e f f e c t o f th e d o n s in tr o d u c e d on th e m ixed s o l v e n t . The o p p o s ite c o u r s e o f t h e two f u n c t i o n s i n th e ra n g e o f formarnide c o n te n ts ex c e e d in g *-2534 mole s u g g e s ts t h a t Hal h a s an o r d e r in g e f f e c t on th e s o lv e n t s t r u c t u r e .
F ig . 1 . A c t iv a t io n e n e rg y f o r v is c o u s flo w o f Nal s o l u t i o n s in w a te r-fo rm a m id e m ix tu re s a t 2 9 8 .15K, E l e d t r o l y t e c o n c e n t r a t io n
i n mole Mai p e r 100 mole o f m ixed s o lv a n t
j____ i_____i—,— i--- 1---- -—i
¿0 60 80 100
mo! F
A d i f f e r e n t c o u rs e o f th e AH* ■ f (56 mole amide) f u n c tio n i s o b s e rv e d b o th in th e c a s e o f DMF m ix tu re w ith w a te r and i n th e c a s e o f N al s o l u t i o n s in su c h m ix tu re s ( F i g , 2 ) . The a c t i v a t i o n e n th a lp y o f v is c o u s flo w i n t h i s system e x h ib it's maxi
mum In th e a r e a c o rre s p o n d in g to maximum v i s c o s i t y o f th e s e sy s te m s . The above f in d i n g seems to c o n firm t h e id e a - p u t f o r t h e a r l i e r [ 1 ] - t h a t in t h e ra n g e o f c o n te n t s u n d e r d i s c u s s io n th e fl-bonds have maximum d e n s i t y . S i m i l a r l y a s i n th e c a s e o f th e p r e v i o u s ly d is c u s s e d sy s te m , th e a c t i v a t i o n e n th a lp y o f v isc o u s flo w o f Nal s o l u t i o n s in th e ra n g e o f 0 -2 5 # m ole DMF i s lo w er th a n th e a c t i v a t i o n e n e rg y o f p u re s o l v e n t . T h is i s p r o b a b ly due to ^he d e s t r u c t i v e e f f e c t o f t h e io n s in tr o d u c e d on th e s o l v e n t a g g r e g a te s . In s o l u t i o n s c o n ta in in g more th a n 25% mole DMF, AH* o f t h e s o l u t i o n i s h ig h e r th a n AH* o f th e s o l v e n t , F ig . 2 . A c t i v a t i o n e n e rg y f o r v is c o u s flo w o f Nal s o l u t i o n s i n w a te r-ü 'îF ¡r x t u r e s a t 2 9 8 .1 5 K. E l e c t r o l y t e c o n c e n t r a t io n in
p o s s i b l y due t o th e o r d e r in g e f f e c t o f Hal on th e s t r u c t u r e p f th e EMF-water m ix tu re .
A' d i f f e r e n t sh a p e o f t h e AH* » f (>6 mole amide) f u n c tio n i n EMF-water sy ste m in com pariso n to t h a t in fo rm am ide-w ater sy ste m , a s can be se e n i n F ig s . 1 and 2 i s p ro b a b ly due to th e h y d ro p h o b ic h y d r a tio n w hich can u ndergo two m ethyl g ro u p s in DMF m o le c u le . R e fe re n c e s [ 1 ] S . T a n i e w s k a - 0 s i r i s k a , A. P i e k a r s k a , A. K a c p e r s k a , J . S o l u ti o n Chem. 12 ( 1 0 ) , 71?
(1983).
[ 2 ] E, A. 0 u g g e n h e i m, J . E . M a y e r , F. C. T o m p -k i n s , The I n t e r n a t i o n a l E n c y c lo p e d ia o f P h y s ic a l Che m is tr y and Chem ical P h y s ic s , Pergamon P r e s s , y o l . I l l , p . 6 3 , 1963.D epartm ent o f P h y s ic a l C h em istry U n i v e r s i ty o f Łódź
S t e f a n i a T a n iew sk a-O silisk a, A lin a P ie k a r s k a FUNKCJE TErtMODYNAMICZiNE AKTYWACJI LEPKIEGO PRZEPŁYWU
W UKŁADACH Nal-WODA-AMID
O b liczo n o term odynam iczne f u n k c je a k ty w a c ji le p k ie g o prZi- pływu AH*, AS* w te m p e ra tu rz e 2 9 8 .1 5 K o ra z AG* w z a k r e s ie te m p e ra tu r 2 7 8 .1 5 -3 1 8 .1 5 K d l a układów N al-w oda-form am id o ra z H al-w oda-N , U -dw uoetyloform am id. O b lic z e n ia wykonano na p o d sta w ie w c z e ś n ie js z y c h danych l e p k o ś c i . E n t a l p i a a k ty w a c ji le p k ie g o p r z e pływ u, w z a le ż n o ś c i od z a w a rto ś c i am idu, w u k ła d z ie H al-w oda- -form am id p rz e c h o d z i p rz e z minimum w o b s z a r z e z a w a rto ś c i form a midu 15-20?* m ol. P r z e b ie g a n a lo g ic z n e j z a le ż n o ś c i w u k ia d z i Nal-woda-OMF w ykazuje maksimum w p r z e d z i a l e 2 5 -3 0 ^ mol W.F,
C r e ia H H f l T a H e B C K a -O c K H b O K a , A jiH H a i l e K a p o i t a T EP :vt -iH W HA MVW ECK ü E vyHKUtfÜ AKIMBAUHM BJÖKOrO TiMEHUfl
B CHCTEMAX Nal-BOIA-A.WJI
Ha o c H O B e onyßjiHKOBainjx paHbme hahhux o bh3K0cth BU<tHOJieKU
TepMOÄHHaMHtieOKHe 4>yHKUIKH aKTHBąuHM BH3KOrO TetieHKA AH* H AS* npH teM neparype 29 8 .1 5 K h AG* b nnana30He T e x n e p a T y p 2 7 8 .1 5 - - 3 1 8 . 1 5 'K fljiH CHCT6M NaI-Bo^a-$opMaMHn h N a l-b o n a - ,!!»». ftHT&iib- nsła aKTHBauHU AH* icax <pynKUHH o ocłaB a paoiBopHianH« b ohctsmg NoI-Bona-śPopMaMm npoxo^HT «lepea uHHuuytt OTBenam»^ 15-20 moji %
(opuauiuia.
A H a . io r m i e c K a H ł y H K i i n a AJtfl c h c t e t u i N a I-B O ,n a -3 M X > n p o x o A H T h « - pe3 uaKcuMyu b paexBopax conep*anjHx 2 5 - 3 0 non % HMS.
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