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CONTROLLED FORMATION OF VERBAL GENERALIZATIONS AS THE BASIS OF MASTERY IN THE ENGLISH
LANGUAGE IN TERMS OF HEARING LOSS AND SEVERE SPEECH IMPAIRMENTS
S u m m a r y
The aim of following article is to describe a glottodidactic experiment investigating whether persons with hearing loss and sever speech impairments are able to create lexical- grammatical generalizations of concepts in English. The opening thesis statement indicates that there are three types of verbal generalizations: lexical, grammatical, and lexical-grammatical, as well as the fact that in ontogenesis each type of generalization is acquired in stages (4 stages).
A little child, in order to build the system of lexical and grammatical generalizations needs to perform a great analytical work. In the experiment three groups participated: a group consisting of subjects with hearing loss (15 people), with severe speech disorders (16 people) and the control group of hearing, healthy people (15 people). The findings from the research showed that those tested who were from the main groups achieved slightly lower results than the subjects from the control group in the process of semantization and modeling expressions in English. Persons with hearing loss performed this task better than subjects with speech impairments.
Achieving such high results by the tested groups was possible mainly thanks to the directed, controlled, and arduous work, as well as the additional working time. This may be daunting, however, the experiment proves that obtaining high results in this area is possible, even despite the perception and expression limitations.
Key words: glottodidactic experiment, persons with hearing loss, persons with sever speech
impairments, English language, verbal (lexical-grammatical) generalizations, semantization and modeling expressions.
KONTROLOWANE TWORZENIE UOGÓLNIEN´ SŁOWNYCH
JAKO PODSTAWA DOBREGO OPANOWANIA JE˛ ZYKA ANGIELSKIEGO
W PRZYPADKACH UTRATY SŁUCHU I CIE˛ Z˙ KICH ZABURZEN´ MOWY
S t r e s z c z e n i e
Celem artykułu jest opis eksperymentu glottodydaktycznego, w którym chciano sprawdzic´, czy osoby z uszkodzeniami słuchu i powaz˙nymi zaburzeniami mowy s ˛a w stanie tworzyc´ uogólnienia leksykalno-gramatyczne poje˛c´ w je˛zyku angielskim. Postawiono teze˛ wyjs´ciow ˛a, z˙e istniej ˛a trzy rodzaje uogólnien´ słownych: leksykalne, gramatyczne i leksykalno-gramatyczne oraz z˙e w ontogenezie kaz˙dy typ uogólnien´ przyswajany jest etapowo (4 etapy).
Małe dziecko, aby zbudowac´ system uogólnien´ leksykalnych i gramatycznych, musi wyko-nac´ ogromn ˛a prace˛ analityczn ˛a. Przeprowadzony eksperyment, w którym uczestniczyły trzy grupy badane: grupa osób z uszkodzeniami słuchu (15 osób), grupa osób z powaz˙nymi
zaburze-niami mowy (16 osób) oraz grupa kontrolna osób słysz ˛acych, zdrowych (15 osób), wykazał, z˙e badani z grup głównych osi ˛agne˛li niewiele niz˙sze wyniki od grupy kontrolnej w procesie semantyzacji i modelowania wyraz˙en´ w je˛zyku angielskim, w tym osoby z uszkodzeniami słuchu poradziły sobie z tym zadaniem lepiej niz˙ badani z zaburzeniami mowy.
Osi ˛agnie˛cie tak wysokich wyników przez badane grupy główne było moz˙liwe dzie˛ki kiero-wanej, kontrolokiero-wanej, wyte˛z˙onej pracy i dodatkowemu nakładowi czasu, co moz˙e byc´ znie-che˛caj ˛ace, ale eksperyment udowadnia, z˙e osi ˛aganie wysokich wyników w tym zakresie jest moz˙liwe, pomimo ograniczen´ percepcyjnych i ekspresyjnych.
Słowa kluczowe: eksperyment glottodydaktyczny, osoby z uszkodzeniami słuchu, osoby
z zaburzeniami mowy, je˛zyk angielski, uogólnienia słowne (leksykalno-gramatyczne), semantyzacja i modelowanie wyraz˙en´.