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provinces a n d possessed a highly developed n a t i o n a l law of a n a l m o s t i n d e s t r u c t i b l e v i t a l i t y , was c e r t a i n l y a p a r t i c u l a r l y u n f a -v o u r a b l e c o u n t r y for a n e x p a n s i o n a n d good knowledge of t h e R o m a n law. I t seems t h a t even in t h e postclassical epoch it h a s n e v e r played a n y i m p o r t a n t p a r t in t h e h i s t o r y of t h e R o m a n juris-p r u d e n c e , in sjuris-pite of t h e f r a g m e n t s f r o m t h e Gaius i n s t i t u t i o n s a n d other legal works w h i c h were f o u n d t h e r e .
G i u s e p p e I g n a z i o L u z z a t t o , Ricerche suWapplica-zione delle costituzioni imperiali nelle provincie (estr. dagli Scritti di diritto r o m a n o in onore di C. F e r r i n i p u b b l . dalla Regia U n i v e r s i t a di P a v i a 1943).
A careful s c r u t i n y of imperial c o n s t i t u t i o n s ascertains t h e f a c t t h a t each province r e p r e s e n t e d an a u t o n o m o u s legislative c o m m u -n i t y . To u -n d e r s t a -n d t h e rôle a -n d sig-nifica-nce of t h e R o m a -n L a w in t h e whole E m p i r e i t is necessary t o d e t e r m i n e t h e local laws e n a c t e d in each R o m a n province. These conclusions c o r r e s p o n d t o those I h a d r e a c h e d 20 years ago in m y ,,Geschichte der Reze-ption des römischen Privatrechts" for E g y p t .
R . T a u b e n s c h l a g , The Roman authorities and the Local Law in Egypt before and after the С. A. ( J o u r n a l of j u r . p a p . V 121-142).
R . T a u b e n s c h l a g , Die römischen Behörden und das Volksrecht vor und nach der C. A. (Sav. Z. 69, 102-127).
F e r n a n d d e Y i s s c h e r , La cittadinanza romana (Ann. Sem. giur. U n i v . di C a t a n i a I I I , 1949 p. 17 f f ) .
This article c o n t a i n s on p. 15/16 i n t e r e s t i n g o b s e r v a t i o n s on t h e C. A.
W . L . W e s t e r m a n n , Concerning Urbanism and Anti-Ur-banism in Antiquity ( F a r o u k I U n i v e r s i t y Rull, of t h e F a c u l t y of A r t s vol. I V 1949 p . 81 - 95).
I n this essay j u r i s t s will be i n t e r e s t e d in t h e a u t h o r ' s r e m a r k s on p . 15/16: , , R y Caracallas decree m o s t of t h e f r e e i n h a b i t a n t s of t h e metropolies a n d villages t h r o u g h o u t t h e E m p i r e b e c a m e R o m a n citizens. This r e s u l t e d in these places in t h e e s t a b l i s h m e n t of Councils, selected b y c o m p u l s o r y a p p o i n t m e n t f r o m t h e r a n k s of t h e local well-to-do. Privileges a n d social a d v a n t a g e s which
