"Fuad I University Papyri", David S. Crawford, Alexandrie 1949 : [recenzja]

d r a c h m a s for two a r o u r a s of l a n d ; it is a m a n d a t e (see m y Law I 298, I I 93/4). T h e i n t e r e s t is t o b e collected f r o m , n o t paid t o , t h e w o m a n t o w h o m t h e m o n e y is paid. I t would a p p e a r , t h e r e f o r e , t h a t t h e t r a n s a c t i o n is really a m o r t g a g e (cf. m y Law I 216) or ra-t h e r a loan on ra-t h e securira-ty, a n d w i ra-t h i n ra-t e r i m use b y ra-t h e lender of t w o a r o u r a s . Since no i n t e r e s t can h a v e accrued a t t h i s stage, t h e directions for it m u s t refer to t h e f u t u r e : Dionysius is t o ar-r a n g e foar-r its collection w h e n due, a n d is b i d d e n n o t t o ar-receive less t h a n a y e a r ' s i n t e r e s t i. e. n o t t o t a k e p a y m e n t a t shorter inter-vals t h a n one whole y e a r . F o r t h e e x o r b i t a n t i n t e r e s t c h a r g e d , see n o t e on 1. 10 ff. N o . 24 (200 A.D.) is a business l e t t e r p e r h a p s w r i t t e n to a p a r t n e r in a μίσθωσις. T h e l e t t e r in No. 32 (early f o u r t h cent.) m a y p e r h a p s allude t o an ώνή έν πίστει (cf. m y Laiv I 206). N o . 38 ( I V cent. A.D.) is a l e t t e r t o a landlord, a n n o u n c i n g , t h a t he p a i d t h e messengers a c t i n g on behalf of Sabinus a n d N a r a o u s t h e i r wages in full u p t o t o - d a y ( m a n d a t e ) . No. 46 (VI cent. A. D.) is a l e t t e r of a t a x collector, addressed t o his superior b y a h a r a s s e d tax-collector, in arrears of m o n e y a n d h a r d pressed for t i m e owing t o a colleague's d e a t h . No. 27, 40, 42, 50 are a c c o u n t s . I n N o . 40 t h e t e r m γενέθλια is u s e d . T h e edition ends w i t h an a p p e n d i x : Claudius F i r m u s Έπανορθχοτης (cf. m y Law I 372).

D A V I D S. C R A W F O R D , Fuad I University Papyri (Publication de la Société Fouad I de Papyrologie. Société des P u b l i c a t i o n s égyptiennes, Alexandrie 1949).

T h e p a p y r i published in t h i s edition belonged previously t o t h e l a t e P r o f . G r a d e n w i t z . No. I (227/6 B.C.) is t h e beginning of a legal d o c u m e n t . No. I I = SB 6286. No. I I I ( I I I c e n t . B.C.) con-t a i n s con-t h e p h r a s e Lecon-t us decide before Heracleides ( a r b i con-t r a con-t i o n ? ) . No. I V (181 B.C.) r e s e m b l e ! SB 5675. No. V (I cent. B.C.) consists a l m o s t entirely of village a n d personal n a m e s . No. V I ( I I I c e n t . A.D.) a p r i v a t e l e t t e r , similar t o t h a t in O x y . 1069 (v. 6) m e n t i o n s ολίγα ξένια και έγγαρέας. No. V I I ( I I cent. A.D.) is an i n v i t a t i o n t o d i n n e r on t h e occasion of t h e w r i t e r ' s d a u g h t e r w e d d i n g . No. V I I I ( I I cent. A . D . ? ) shows t h a t t h e writer or his c o r r e s p o n d e n t (per-h a p s (per-his wife) is in need of cas(per-h a n d t (per-h a t t (per-h e writer is suggesting m e a n s of raising it, m e n t i o n i n g a n u m b e r of articles of some v a l u e t h a t could be sold. No. I X ( I I I or I V c e n t . A . D . ? ) m e n t i o n s βι-βλείδια — [έ]σφραγισμένα. No. Χ (217/8 A.D.) p r e s u m a b l y refers t o t h e s u b s t i t u t i o n of m o n e y , or objects of equal value, for t h e

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ιμάτια which were, by a marriage contract, part of a dowry. No. X I (III cent. A.D.) is a letter rather than a mere account. No. X I I (III cent. A.D.) is a private letter dealing with a variety of sub-jects. No. XIII (297/8 A.D.) is a registration of a child with a sy-states of Oxyrhynchus. The document differs from those concerning Roman children (see my Law I 81) and shows that after the C.A. the peregrine form was further observed. The systates is known in the 4th cent, as a delegate of appointments with the duty of no-minating men to perform liturgies. No. XIV (III cent. A.D.) is of considerable interest for the problems it presents concerning the meaning of έπ' οιξει and Κύρωνες. No. XV (IV cent. A.D.) appears to be part of a letter from an έπείκτης (collector) to the komarch of Paeïmis. No. X V I (IV/V cent. A.D.) appears to be a letter or petition to an exactor, and to be concerned among other things with liturgies (v. 11) άπο- or ύπο-κλέπτειν might mean to suppress the proof of slavery ; προνωήσασθαι = to provide for. No. X V I I (By-zantine) (v. 1) mentions a σκρίβα, Latin scriba.

Nos. XVIII to X X I V are contracts, deeds of sale etc. No. X V I I I (II cent. A.D.) is an acknowledgement tof debt in connection with some wine, perhaps a mortgage on the wine which is mentioned in 1. 3. as the principal security. No. X I X (145/6 A.D.) is a con-tract (v. 7) doubtless giving power to the purchaser to lease the land or reap the crops herself; v. 8 probably referring to the res-ponsability of the vendor for paying all taxes or dues for (or from) all previous time up to the present ninth year ; (v. 9/10) refer to the guarantee against all future claims to the land. The general sense is that neither the vendor nor others acting on ber behalf may proceed against the purchaser or her successors to the land, on pain of paying damages, expenses and fines. No. X X (III cent. A.D.) concerns a cession of land. Chařacteristic is the clause in v. 7 — 9; its sense is that the cessor accepted responsibility for all taxes and duties up to and including those for the past and current years; after which the crops and profits belonged to the cessee to whose charge fell all future taxes. No. X X I (258 and 260 A.D.) is a sale or cession of land. No. X X I I (276—282 A.D.) is a fragment of a contract. No. X X I I I (283 or 284 A.D.) concerns a house and a wine- or oil-press. No. X X I V (251—262 A.D.) is a part of a legal document but its nature cannot be determined ; v. 4 reads παρή-λικος μετ' έκδίκου; cf. on εκδικος my Law I 11627. No. X X V to

is probably an apographe or registration: απογράφομαι κεκτησθαι επτ[ά (see on άπογραφαί in the Byz. period my Law II 40). No. X X I X (IV cent. A.D.) appears to be concerned with the finances of a city or nome and not with the receipts or payments of indi-viduals. No. X X X I (I — II cent. A.D.), a letter containing tax assess-ment, includes the following phrase: Please see that a public announce-ment is made about the poll-tax when we come (or since we are co-ming) to-morrow. Heraclides is expected to arrange for the town-cries to make announcement about the collection of the poll-tax. No. X X X I I I (II — III cent. A.D.) is part of a list of taxes on gar-den land received on the account of a certain Athenodorus with references to the original documents and register entries from which these particulars have been extracted. No. X X X I V (42 A.D.) is a customs-receipt. No. X X X V (120 A.D.) is a receipt for arrears of the corn tax, paid in cash to the corn-practors more than a year they were due.

No. X X X V I to XLIII are Miscellaneous Papyri. Νυ. X X X V I

(119 A.D.) is a frg. of a document containing an oath. No. X X X V I I (III cent. A.D.) is a letter, petition or disposition, referring, among other matters, to the concealment of a slave and to a sale (cf. my Law I 63) ; on v. 5 (άκολου)θείς τόν νόμον τοϋ μετά τήν πρασιν see νόμοι concerning slaves in my Laiv II 38б. No. X X X V I I I (III cent. A.D.) concerns a farm, property thereon, and a lease, but it does not seem to be a contract. Perhaps it is a fragment from the cor-respondence between a landsowner and his agents. No. X X X I X (270—275 A.D.) is a receipt or contract (?). In X L (III cent. A.D.) the word ολυμπιονίκης is to be found; it occurs also in SB 1070, SB 5725 and PSI 456. Perhaps this document is concerned with privileges of the successful athletai. No. XLI (III cent. A.D.) perhaps a decree of, or a letter to, the Council of Oxyrhynchus, the subject-matter is perhaps, a loan, possibly to the municipality. Appendix I contains some notes on previously published papyri in the Fuad I University Collection. Cat. No. 1 = Jules N i c o l e , Arch. f. Pap. IV (1908) p. 269. Cat. No. 2 = SB 5675 an official letter (royal πρόσταγμα) dated 184 B.C. No. 3 == SB 5680. No. 4 is a duplicate copy of the same document. Cat. No. 25 was published by G r a d e n w i t z , Arch. f. Pap. I l l 205 and by C o m p a r e t t i in Papyri Greco-Egizii Florentini No. 135 (III cent. A.D.). Cat. No. 29 = SB 5670 (147 A.D.). In Cat. No. 30 = SB 5673 Isidoros has made a deposit (άρραβών) of 80 dr. with his bid, and this was

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repayable if the bid was not accepted. The repayment of this direct by the actual purchaser would save trouble at the bank.

P A P Y R I F R O M T H E R O M A N P E R I O D

J. SCHWARTZ, Bull, de Vlnst. franç. de VArchéologie Orientale t. XLVII p. 196 (Appendix).

Pap. A (89/90 A.D.) contains an oath sworn by the Τύχη. It is the most ancient instance amongst the known ones. It gives us an oath of guarantee and the same part of the papyrus contains an άντίγραφον έγγυήσεως as announced in v. 6. The people who have to swear the oath are [οι] προκεχ[ε]ρισμένοι ύπο των της κώμης... σιτολόγων προς καταγωγήν κτλ. The object of the sworn obligation, was nothing else than the delivery of wheat to Neapolis. Pap. R (first half of the III cent. A.D.) is a receipt for a delivery of wheat. It is not necessary to insist on the well known wording of this receipt for wheat that was to be transported to Alexandria (cf. Oxy. 1259 and 1225). The bouleutes to whom the receipt is to be delivered is probably an inhabitant of Oxyrhynclius. He seems to' assume the functions of a sitologus.

P. RENOÎT, 0 . P. et J. SCHWARTZ, Caracalla et les troubles d'Alexandrie en 215 après J. С. (Extr. des Etudes de Papyrologie t. VII).

The papyrus contains fragments from the minutes of a public session presided by 'Antoninus Sebastos'. Three persons appear speaking : Antoninus Sebastos, Herakleitos and Haraxos. Two other persons are mentioned as having spoken : Italikos and one liekaton-tarch whose name is not given. One Herakleites prefect of Egypt, and one Italikos, acting high priest, both 215 A.D. are known per-sonages. The presiding Emperor is Caracalla, who came to Egypt in the same year 215 A.D. (Dio Cass. 77, 22). The mention of Ale-xandria (Dio Cass. II 10) and of Canope (Dio Cass. I 7) allow us to determine the place of the session. The visit of Caracalla has won celebrity, owing to a very serious incident, about whose reper-cussions the papyrus gives us new details.

The financial difficulties of the Empire and the decrees of the Emperor depreciating at the same time golden and silvern cur-rency seem to have provoke a riot among the contractors bound to deliver statues. They saw that their statues were not to be payed for at all and at least they would be payed for in a depreciated