Bryophytes Collected in the North Kazakhstan Altai Mts. - Biblioteka UMCS

A N N A L E S

U N I V E R S I T A T I S M A R I A E C U R I E - S K L O D O W S K A L U B L I N — P O L O N I A

VOL. XLVII, 7 SECTIO C 1992

I n s t y t u t B io lo g ii U M C S Z a k ł a d S y s t e m a t y k i i G e o g r a f i i R o ś li n I n s t y t u t B a d a w c z y L e ś n i c t w a w B i a ło w ie ż y

Z a k ł a d O c h r o n y P r z y r o d y

K a z i m i e r z K A R C Z M A R Z ,

A l e k s a n d e r W ł a d y s ł a w S O K O Ł O W S K I

B ry o p h y te s C ollected in th e N o rth K a z a k h sta n A łtai M ts.

Mszaki zebrane w północnym Kazachskim A łtaju

The investigated species of bryophytes were collected by A. W. S o k o ł o w s k i in the area of the Teletzkoye lakę in September 1990 between the two main mountain chains of Altintu and Abacchan in the north Kazakhstan Ałtai. The site of botanical penetra- tion is placed about 450 km to the south-east of Novosibirsk north of Teletzkoye lakę near a village called Artybash, 87° geographical length E and 44° geographical width N. The studied species of bryophytes (56 Bryales, 10 Hepalicae, 5 Sphagnales) com- plement so far scarce d ata of the flora of the Kazakhstan Ałtai (2). The earliest data about bryoflora of all the Ałtai were provided by B r o t h e r u s (3, 4), who enumerated 43 species of leafy mosses including one new species of Ptychomitrium altaicwm, B r o th . On the basis of the collection of D. K. Z e ro w dating from 1940 a new monotypical genus and species of Cephalocladium zerovii L a z a r , from the family of Semałophyl- laceae B r o t h . (7) and a rare species in the area, Neckera webbiana ( M o n t .) D u e ll (N. besseri ( L o b .) J u r .) , were described. Next, G o d w i ń s k i (5, 7) in his two articles gives the names of 28 moss species new to the Kazakhstan Ałtai. On the other hand, the latest data (1, 2) cite 352 species for the Ałtai, near the region of Teletzkoye lakę including many dispersed ones of eastern reach (Abietinella htstricosa ( M i 11.) B r o th ., Anomodon minor ( H e d w .) F u e r n e r and others) on the Asiatic continent as wełl as they mention 238 mosses (52%) common with the Sayans. Because of phytogeograph- ical reasons, the province of Altai-Sayan has been distinguished as a separate one al- ready sińce the end of the 19th century. The flora of the Hepaticae has not been exam- ined so far.

86

L o w e r m o u n t a i n p a r t o f t h e f o r e s t

Leafy mosses and the liverworts were collected on the western and south-western steep slopes of the mountains covered with a forest with numerous rocky walls and shelves at the height of 500 m a.s.l. The yearly precipitation is over 800 mm, while the lowest rainfall in the driest central part is only 100 mm and in the western Altai it is 1500 mm (2). The lowest temperaturę in January in the northern region is —31.5°C, and the highest of July is from +14 to +18°C (2). It ensures high moisture of the environment and supports the growth of dense turf of bryophytes on the earth and on the rocks with a thin soil layer. The tree stand is formed by Betula pubescens, Picea obovata, Abies sibirica, Pinus sibirica.

The shrub layer is constituted mainly by Spiraea sp., Alnus fruticosa and less freąuently Sambucus racemosa, Viburnum opulus, Padus avium. The greenness growth is very abundant and forming a herb layer. The main elements are Aegopodium podagraria, Bergenia crassifolia, Athyrium filix- -femina, less freąuently Impatiens noli-tangere, Thalictrum sp., Polemonium sp., Dactyłis sp., a few species of Aconitum and others. In the layer of forest mosses the following are most common: Dicranum polysetum, Hylocomium splendens, Hypnum pallescens, Ptilium crista-castrensis and Rhytidiadelphus triguetrus.

H ig h p e a t - b o g

Peat-mosses were collected on brown high peat-bog filling the mid-forest dale lying about 4 km north of the village of Artybash. The peat-bog is grown by Iow tree-stand, up to 4 m high, consisting exclusively of birch-trees.

The greenness growth is rich in Vaccinium oxycoccos, and the moss layer is

created by 5 peat-mosses: Aulacomnium palustre, Calliergon stramineum,

Drepanocladus fluitans, Pleurozium schreberi and Cephalozia media. From

the bryological point of view it is the most valuable statement because

according to B a r d u n o v (2) the peat-bogs in all the Altai Mts. do not

play any special role in the vertical structure of lower and higher parts of

vegetation.

Bryophytes Collected in the North Kazakhstan Altai Mts.

87

A LIST OF TAXONS

Abbreviations: ep. — epiphytic, epip. — epipetric, epix. — epixilic.

MUSCI Tełraphis pellucida H e d w.

A tnchum undulatum ( H e d w .) P.

B e a u v.

Polytrichum commune H edw . P. juniperinum H ed w .

Dicranella heteromalla (H e d w .) S c h i m p.

Dicranodontium denudatum ( B r i d . ) B r i 11. — ep.

Dicranum fuscescens T u m . D. fragilifolium L in d b . D. polysetum S w.

Oncophorus wahlenbergii B rid . Orthodicranum montanum, (H e d w .)

L o e s ke — ep.

Tortella toruosa ( H e d w .) L im p r.

Schistidium apocarpum ( H e d w .) B. S. G.

Aulacomnium palustre (H e d w .) S c h w a e g r .

Bryum pseudotriguetrum (H e d w .) S c h w a e g r .

B. schleicheri S c h w a e g r . Pohlia nutans ( H e d w .) Lindb.

Rhodobryum roseum ( H e d w .) Limpr.

Mnium spinosum ( V o i t ) S c h w a e g r . M. stellare Reich. ex H edw .

Plagiomnium cuspidatum ( H e d w .) K op.

— ep.

P. medium (B. S. G.) K op.

Rhizomnium punctatum ( H e d w .) K op.

Ulota crispa ( H e d w .) B rid . — ep.

Hedwigia ciliata ( H e d w .) P. B e a u v.

Leucodon sciuroides ( LI ed w .) B rid . — ep.

Climacium dendroides ( II ed w .) W eb. et M o h r

Homalia trichomanoides (H e d w .) B. S. G. — epip.

Abietinella histricosa ( M i t t . ) B r o th . Anomodon attenuatus ( H e d w .) H ii b. —

epip.

A. uiticulosus ( H e d w .) H o o k . et T a y l.

— epip.

A. minor ( H ed w .) F u e r n e r — epip.

Thuidium delicatulum (H e d w .) M itt.

Pterigynandrum filiforme H ed w . — epip.

Cratoneuron filicinum ( H ed w .) S p r u c e Amblystegium serpens (H e d w .) B. S. G.

Calliergon stramineum ( B r id .) K in d b . Campyliodelphus stellatus (H e d w .)

K an d a

Drepanocladus fluitans (H e d w .) W a r n s t.

Sanionia uncinata (H e d w .) L o e s k e Brachythecium salebrosum (W e b . et

M o h r) B. S. G.

B. populeum (H e d w .) B. S. G.

B. riuulare B. S. G.

Cirriphyllum piliferum (H e d w .) G r o u t Eurhynchium swartzii ( T u m . ) C u r n o w Plagiothecium laetum B. S. G.

Hypnum lindbergii M itt.

H. pallescens ( H ed w .) P. B e a u v . Ptilium crista-castrensis (H e d w .) De

N o t.

Pylaisia polyantha (H e d w .) B. S. G. — ep.

Rhytidium rugosum ( H e d w .) K in d b . Hylocomium pyrenaicum ( S p r u c e )

L in d b .

H. splendens (H e d w .) B. S. G.

Pleurozium schreberi ( B r i d . ) M itt.

Rhytidiadelphus triquetrus (H e d w .) W a r n s t .

SPHAGNALES Sphagnum magellanicum B rid . S. fuscum ( S c h i m p . ) K lin g g r . S. rubellum W iłs.

S. fallax K lin g g r . S. inundatum R u ss.

HEPATICAE

Apometzgeria pubescens ( S c h r a n k ) K u w ah.

Aneura pinguis ( L .) D um .

Kazimierz Karczmarz, Aleksander Władysław Sokołowski

Ptilidium pulcherrimum ( W e b .) H a m p e Blepharostoma trichophyllum ( L. ) D um . Barbtlophozia hatchert ( E v a n s ) L o e s k e Plagiochila porelloides ( T o r r e y ex

N e e s ) L i n d e n b .

Cephalozia lunulifolia ( D u m .) D um . Lepidozia reptans ( L .) D um . — epip.,

epix.

Radula complanata (L .) D um . — epip.

Porella platyphylla ( L .) — epip.

REFERENCES

1. B a p / t y H O B J l . B .: P e / m n e n H H T e p e c H n ie BM/mi b o <|)jiope m x o b A jiT a H . P l3 B . C n 6 n p . O T / r e n . A H C C C P , c e p n n Gh o j i. 1 ( 5 ) , 1 3 1 - 1 3 4 ( 1 9 6 9 ) .

2. E a p f l y H O B J l . B .: J l n c T o c T e 6 e u b H t i e m x h A n r a n u Cm i i i I4 3a. H a y n a , C n 6 n p . O - r / r e n . Ho b o c h6m p c k 1 9 7 4 .

3. B p o T x e p y c B . <X>.: M x n A sH a T C K o it Po c c h h. I, II, [in:] łeflM eH K o B. A .: <I>jiopa A sH a T U K o B Po c c h h. C a H K T - r ł e T e p 6 y p r 1 9 1 4 - 1 9 1 8 .

4 . B p o T x e p y c B . 0 . : Mx h A 3 H a T C K o ił Po c c h h. III, [in:] ' Ic/i m c h k o B . A . : < h n o p a A 3 n a T C K o ir Po c c h h. T p . Bo t. C a f l a A H C C C P 1 3 ( 2 ) , 1 4 3 - 1 8 0 ( 1 9 3 1 ) .

5. Po a b m h c h h m M . 1 4 . : J lHCTOCTeBeJibHbie m x h i ip H 6 p e » H H P a x M a n o B C K o ro O 3 e p a . Bo t. M a T . Mh c t. Bo t. A H K a 3 . C C P , A j u u a - A T a 4 , 1 4 0 - 1 5 4 ( 1 9 6 6 ) .

6. r o f l B H H C K H H M . 1 4 . : P e o r p a t f i H M e c K H e o j i e i w e n T b i H H C T o c T e 6 e j i b i i b i x m x o b K a 3 a x -

C K o r o A j i T a n . Bo t. M a T . M i i c T H T y T a Bo t. A H K a 3 . C C C P , A n M a - A T a 6 , 7 9 - 9 0 ( 1 9 6 9 ) .

7. J I a 3 a p e H K o A . C . : B n o j i o r n u n i h o t u t k h. Bo t. « y p H . A H Y C C P 3 —4 , 6 1 - 6 3 ( 1 9 6 4 ) .

S T R E S Z C Z E N I E

Na 2 stanowiskach północnego Kazachskiego Ałtaju w dolnym piętrze lasu górskiego i na torfowisku wysokim stwierdzono 56 gatunków mchów, 10 wątrobowców i 5 torfowców.

Wśród mchów i wątrobowców dominują gatunki naskalne, naziemne, martwego substratu drzewnego i epifity. Reprezentują one w 63% element borealny, w 52% leśny, w 5%

arktyczno-alpejski i w 0,6% kosmopolityczny. W oznaczonym materiale brak całkowicie przedstawicieli środkowoazjatyckich. Ważnym osiągnięciem jest stwierdzenie dla obszaru A łtaju 10 nowych gatunków wątrobowców i opracowanie briofłory unikalnego torfowiska wysokiego.