J o u r n a l of t h e R o y a l I n s t i t u t i o n of N a v a l A r c h i t e c t s
Published bi-monthly in January, M a r c h , May, July, September and November by the R I N A , 10 Upper Belgrave Street, London SW1X 8BQ.
T e l e p h o n e : 01 235 4622/3 T e l e g r a m s : Sinai, L o n d o n . Printed by Unwin Brothers Limited Old W o k i n g , Surrey
Editor: R. F. Burnett, BSc, M R I N A A s s t . Editor: A . G. L. Porter
Cover: A e r i a l view of the Maua s h i p -yard of Companhia C o m é r c i o e Nave-gacao at NIterol, Rio de Janeiro. The remarkable growth of Brazilian s h i p -building Is discussed In this Issue.
The Institution Is not as a body, r e s p o n -sible for opinions expressed In The Naval Architect unless tt Is expressly stated that these are the Council's views.
© 1978: The Royal Institution of Naval A r c h i t e c t s
T h i s publication Is c o p y r i g h t under the Berne Convention and the International C o p y r i g h t Convention. A l l rights reserved. No part of this publication may be repro-d u c e repro-d , storerepro-d in a retrieval system or t r a n s m i t t e d w i t h o u t the prior permission
of the c o p y r i g h t owners. Permission Is not, however, required to copy abstracts of papers or of articles on condition that a full reference to the s o u r c e is s h o w n . Multiple copying of the contents without permission is always illegal.
A u d i t e d c i r c u l a t i o n :
J a n u a r y - D e c e m b e r 1976 6 9 90
A d v e r t i s e m e n t O f f i c e : Lewin House, Dorking Road, T a d w o r t h , Surrey
T e l . : (073781) 3063 Telex: 859-424 S U B S C R I P T I O N R A T E S : Single copy £3.00
Six issues £18.00 (S36.00) Inc. postage Free to members of the I n s t i t u t i o n .
TU\i NAVAL
ARCHITECT
I S S N 0306-0209 J A N U A R Y , 1978 N o . 1 F e a t u r e A r t i c l e s T w o m o o r i n g d o l p h i n c o n c e p t f o r e x p o s e d t a n k e r t e r m i n a l s by D r J . K h a n n a , M A S C E a n d C. B i r t M e r c h a n t s h i p b u i l d i n g in Brazil t o d a y Q u e s t t o c a n c e l t h e m a g n e t i c f i e l d of a m i n e h u n t e r ' C a t f i s h ' — A c a t a m a r a n f i s h i n g b o a t f o r o p e r a t i n g f r o m s u r f b e a c h e s by E. W . H. G i f f o r d S h o r t e r A r t i c l e s S t e e r i n g a n d p o s i t i o n i n g c o n t r o l s y s t e m f o r t a n k e r s T e m p o r a r y d e c k s a l l o w bulk c a r r i e r s t o d o u b l e as c a r c a r r i e r s T w i n - h u l l e d i n s h o r e w o r k b o a t w i t h w a t e r - j e t p r o p u l s i o n C o a l as an a l t e r n a t i v e s h i p s ' f u e l f o r t h e f u t u r e ? H a r b o u r a n d o c e a n t u g s f o r B r i t i s h o p e r a t o r P r o f e s s i o n a l e n g i n e e r s a n d t h e ' C l o s e d S h o p ' R e g u l a r F e a t u r e s Editorial c o m m e n t s 7 N e w s R e v i e w 8 Naval N e w s 11 E d u c a t i o n & R e s e a r c h 26 O f f s h o r e 27 T e c h n i c a l M e e t i n g s 28 L e t t e r s 29 B o o k R e v i e w s 50 R I N A A f f a i r s S m a l l f a s t w a r s h i p s a n d s e c u r i t y v e s s e l s — ( s u m m a r i e s of S y m p o s i u m p a p e r s ) F u t u r e m e e t i n g s , p r i z e s a n d s c h o l a r s h i p s f o r 1978 B r a n c h n e w s , p e r s o n a l n o t e s T E C H N I C A L P A P E R S ( w i t h d i s c u s s i o n a n d a u t h o r s ' r e p l i e s ) L o g i s t i c S u p p o r t S h i p s by B. N. Baxter, M S c , P h D , F R I N A S i m u l a t o r I n v e s t i g a t i o n s of P r e d i c t o r S t e e r i n g S y s t e m s f o r S h i p s by W i l l e m B. van B e r l e k o m Editorial Index 1977 New Members 12 15 19 21 20 23 23 24 25 36 31 33 34 1 23 35 40 J A N U A R Y 1978J o u r n a l of t h e R o y a l I n s t i t u t i o n of N a v a l A r c h i t e c t s
Published bi-monthly in January, M a r c h , May, July, September and November by the R I N A , 10 Upper Belgrave Street, L o n d o n S W 1 X 8 B 0 .
T e l e p h o n e : 01 235 4622/3 T e l e g r a m s : Sinai, L o n d o n . Printed by Unwin Brothers Limited Old W o k i n g , Surrey
Editor: R. F. Burnett, p S c , M R I N A A s s t . Editor: A . G. L. Porter
Cover: The W a l l s e n d headquarters of the British S h i p Research A s s o c i a t i o n , w h i c h recently staged, in L o n d o n , an Open Conference on Hull Surface Maintenance (pages 50-55 in t h i s issue).
T h e Institution is not as a body, r e s p o n -sible for o p i n i o n s expressed in The Naval Architect unless It is expressly stated that these are the C o u n c i l ' s views.
© 1978: T h e Royal Institution of Naval A r c h i t e c t s .
T h i s publication is c o p y r i g h t under the Berne Convention and the International Copyright C o n v e n t i o n . A l l rights reserved. No part o f t h i s publication may be repro-d u c e repro-d , storerepro-d in a retrieval system or transmitted w i t h o u t the prior permission of t h e copyright o w n e r s . Permission is not, however, required t o copy abstracts of papers or of articles on c o n d i t i o n that a f u l l reference t o the s o u r c e is s h o w n . Multiple copying of the contents without permission is always illegal.
I
ll A u d i t e d c i r c u l a t i o n :J a n u a r y - D e c e m b e r 1977 7 136
A d v e r t i s e m e n t O f f i c e : Lewin House, D o r k i n g Road, T a d w o r t h , Surrey
T e l . : (073781) 3063 T e l e x : 859-424 S U B S C R I P T I O N R A T E S : Single copy £3.00
Six issues £18.00 (S36.00) inc. postage Free to members of the I n s t i t u t i o n . M A R C H 1978
THE NAV
ARCHI
T
I V I A R C H , 1978 N o . 2 F e a t u r e A r t i c l e s A c t i v e m o v i n g w e i g h t r o l l s t a b i l i s e r s by W . B. M a r s h f i e l d H u l l s u r f a c e m a i n t e n a n c e — i t s r o l e in o p e r a t i n g e c o n o m i c s A e r o d y n a m i c s in t h e 1977 A m e r i c a ' s C u p by Peter W . E b b u t t , M R I N A A b r i e f h i s t o r y of s a i l s by A u s t i n P. Farrar, F R I N A A l o o k at h y d r o f o i l s by M a r k T h o r n t o n B o a r d i n g s h i p s f r o m aft g a n g w a y s by A . D u n l o p M u n r o 48 50 54 56 59 61 S h o r t e r A r t i c l e s ' B o - R o ' s h i p s e n t e r s e r v i c e B r i t i s h S h i p b u i l d e r s m a r k e t r e v i e w M i d d l e East i n t e g r a t e d r o - r o s e r v i c e S q u a r e - r i g g e d s a i l i n g s h i p d e s i g n 47 49 63 62 R e g u l a r F e a t u r e s E d i t o r i a l c o m m e n t s 43 L e t t e r s 64 N e w s R e v i e w 43 B o o k R e v i e w s 66 Naval N e w s 46 T e c h n i c a l M e e t i n g s 67 O f f s h o r e D e s i g n 65 CEI N e w s 68 R I N A A f f a i r s N e w p a p e r f o r w r i t t e n d i s c u s s i o n , f u t u r e m e e t i n g s B r a n c h n e w s , p e r s o n a l n o t e s , o b i t u a r y S p r i n g M e e t i n g s 1978 ( S u m m a r i e s of p a p e r s ) 69 70 71 T E C H N I C A L P A P E R S ( w i t h d i s c u s s i o n a n d a u t h o r s ' r e p l i e s ) T h e H y d r o d y n a m i c R e s i s t a n c e of R o u g h e n e d C y l i n d e r s in H a r m o n i c F l o w by T u r g u t S a r p k a y a , B S c , M S c , P h D , F R I N A T h e D y n a m i c s of T e t h e r e d P l a t f o r m s by R. C. T . R a i n e y , M A , M S c , D I C . 41 5S 37J o u r n a l of t h e R o y a l I n s t i t u t i o n o f M a v a l A r c h i t e c t s
Published bi-monthly in January, IVlarch, May, July, September and November by the R I N A , 10 Upper Belgrave Street, London S W 1 X 8 B Q .
T e l e p h o n e ; 01 235 4622/3 T e l e g r a m s : Sinai, L o n d o n . Printed by U n w i n Brothers Limited Old W o k i n g , Surrey
Editor: R. F. Burnett, BSc, M R I N A
Coi'er; A n RHS160 h y d r o f o i l , built by Cantlere Navaltecnica S p A , Messina, of the type now serving the Channel Islands c o m m e r c i a l l y . T h i s and other hydrofoils have recently been eval-uated for military and patrol craft roles. (See pages 84 and 86.)
The Institution is not as a body, respon-sible for o p i n i o n s expressed in The Naval Architect unless it Is expressly stated that these are the C o u n c i l ' s views.
© 1978: The Royal Institution of Naval A r c h i t e c t s .
T h i s publication Is copyright under the Berne Convention and the International Copyright C o n v e n t i o n . A l l rights reserved. No part of t h i s publication may be repro-duced, stored In a retrieval system or transmitted w i t h o u t the prior permission of the copyright owners. Permission is not, however, required to copy abstracts of papers or of articles on condition that a full reference t o the s o u r c e Is s h o w n . Multiple copying of the contents without permission is always illegal.
c
A u d i t e d c i r c u l a t i o n :
J a n u a r y - D e c e m b e r 1977 7 136 A d v e r t i s e m e n t O f f i c e :
Lewin House, Dorking Road, T a d w o r t h , Surrey
T e l . : (073781) 3063 T e l e x : 859-424 S U B S C R I P T I O N R A T E S : Single copy £3.00
Six issues £18.00 ($36.00) inc. postage Free to members of the I n s t i t u t i o n .
THE NAVAL
A R C H I T E C T
I S S N 0306-0209 M A Y , 1978 N o . 3 F e a t u r e A r t i c l e s S m a l l f a s t w a r s h i p s a n d s e c u r i t y v e s s e l s — i s s u e s d i s c u s s e d at t h e R I N A S y m p o s i u m U n d e r w r i t e r s f a c e c h a l l e n g e of n e w t e c h n o l o g y a n d c o s t l y m a r i n e - c a s u a l t i e s H u l l s u r f a c e m a i n t e n a n c e — c a t h o d i c p r o t e c t i o n a n d d r y d o c k i n g p r o c e d u r e s B e n d i n g a n d t e a r i n g of p l a t e w i t h a p p l i c a t i o n t o s h i p - b o t t o m d a m a g e by H. V a u g h a n , M R I N A M e a s u r e m e n t of v e l o c i t y in t h e w a k e of a m o d e l s h i p u s i n g a t h i n - f i l m p r o b e by J . K. A g g a r w a l a n d B. J . B e l l h o u s e S h o r t e r A r t i c l e s R a f t s d e v e l o p e d f o r w a v e e n e r g y r e s e a r c h T h e p o o r o u t l o o k f o r w o r l d s h i p b u i l d i n g S u p p o r t f o r u n i v e r s i t y p r o g r a m m e in o f f s h o r e m a r i n e t e c h n o l o g y C r u d e - o i l w a s h i n g s y s t e m i n s t a l l e d in t a n k e r R e g u l a r F e a t u r e s E d i t o r i a l C o m m e n t s 81 N e w s R e v i e w 82 N a v a l N e w s 84 T e c h n i c a l M e e t i n g s 96 O f f s h o r e D e s i g n 101 E d u c a t i o n & R e s e a r c h 102 B o o k R e v i e w s 104 Letter 105 85 90 93 97 99 89 92 102 103 R I N A A f f a i r s N e w p a p e r f o r w r i t t e n d i s c u s s i o n , f u t u r e m e e t i n g s 107 A n n u a l G e n e r a l M e e t i n g a n d R e p o r t of C o u n c i l f o r 1977 108 P e r s o n a l N o t e s no T h e W i l l i a m F r o u d e M e d a l a w a r d e d to S i r L e o n a r d R e d s h a w 111 B r a n c h N e w s 7 / 2 R I N A P u b l i c a t i o n s | B C T E C H N I C A L P A P E R S ( w i t h d i s c u s s i o n a n d a u t h o r s ' r e p l i e s ) W a v e S l a m m i n g L o a d s o n H o r i z o n t a l C i r c u l a r E l e m e n t s of O f f s h o r e S t r u c t u r e s by B. L, M i l l e r , B S c , P h D 81Council & Officers of the Institution, 1978 99
T h e D e v e l o p m e n t of S a n d a n d Gravel S u c t i o n D r e d g e s
by J . H. C o x , O B E , F R I N A a n d J . W i l s o n , M R I N A 101
J o u r n a l of t h e R o y a l I n s t i t u t i o n o f M a v a l A r c h i t e c t s
Published bi-monthly In January, March,' May, July, September and November by fhe R I N A , 10 Upper Belgrave Street, London S W 1 X 8BQ.
T e l e p h o n e : 01 235 4622/3 T e l e g r a m s ; Sinai, L o n d o n . Printed by Unwin Brothers Limited Old W o k i n g , Surrey
Editor: R. F. Burnett, BSc, M R I N A
Cover: RFA Fort Grange—fnst of two 21 000-tonne fleet replenishment ships built by S c o t t s ' S h i p b u i l d i n g Co. of Greenock, a member of the S c o t t LIthgow G r o u p .
T h e Institution is not as a body, r e s p o n -sible for opinions expressed in The Naval Architect unless It Is expressly stated that these are the C o u n c i l ' s views.
© 1978: T h e Royal Institution of Naval A r c h i t e c t s .
T h i s publication Is copyright under the Berne Convention and the International C o p y r i g h t C o n v e n t i o n . A l l rights reserved. No part of this publication may be repro-d u c e repro-d , storerepro-d in a retrieval system or transmitted w i t h o u t the prior permission of the copyright owners. Permission is not, however, required t o copy abstracts of papers or of articles on condition that a f u l l reference to the source is s h o w n . Multiple copying of the contents without permission is always illegal.
A u d i t e d c i r c u l a t i o n :
J a n u a r y - D e c e m b e r 1977 7 1 36
ABC
A d v e r t i s e m e n t O f f i c e : Lewin House, Dorking Road, T a d w o r t h , Surrey
T e l . : (073781) 3063 Telex: 859-424 S U B S C R I P T I O N R A T E S : Single copy £3.00
Six issues £18.00 (S36.00) inc. postage Free to members o f t h e Institution.
L _ ^ 1
n
n
J U L Y , 1978 N o . 4 F e a t u r e A r t i c l e s M a r i n e i n s t r u m e n t a t i o n by P. B. W a t s o n , M R I N A 127 C a t h o d i c p r o t e c t i o n s i d e e f f e c t s d e g r a d e hull t i m b e r s in s m a l l c r a f t by B. W . T u r n b u l i 133Fort Grange a n d Fort Austin—new s u p p l y s h i p s f o r t h e Royal
Fleet A u x i l i a r y 136
Dana Anglia—new D F D S f l a g s h i p has h i g h - c a p a c i t y d u a l - p u r p o s e
c a p a b i l i t y 139 S h o r t e r A r t i c l e s N A T O — T h e B r i t i s h c o n t r i b u t i o n t o A l l i e d d e f e n c e 124 H o v e r c r a f t m a n u f a c t u r e r s seek n e w m a r k e t s 125 B r i t i s h c h a l l e n g e f o r t h e 1980 A m e r i c a ' s C u p 126 P r i o r i t y f o r f u e l s a v i n g i n d e s i g n of I r i s h s i d e t r a w l e r 755 L a u n c h of f i r s t ' H u n t ' - c l a s s m i n e h u n t e r 755 A t o w i n g t a n k l a s e r - d o p p l e r a n e m o m e t e r by N. A . H a l l i w e l l , B S c , P h D , A F I M A , M I n s t P 142 R e g u l a r F e a t u r e s E d i t o r i a l C o m m e n t s 121 N e w s R e v i e w 122 B o o k R e v i e w s 132 E d u c a t i o n & R e s e a r c h 143 T e c h n i c a l M e e t i n g s 144 CEI N e w s 745 Letter 148 R I N A A f f a i r s N e w p a p e r s f o r w r i t t e n d i s c u s s i o n s , f u t u r e m e e t i n g s A n n u a l D i n n e r — r e p o r t of s p e e c h e s T r a i n i n g a n d e x p e r i e n c e r e q u i r e m e n t s f o r c o r p o r a t e m e m b e r s P e r s o n a l N o t e s R I N A P u b l i c a t i o n s T E C H N I C A L P A P E R S ( w i t h d i s c u s s i o n a n d a u t h o r s ' r e p l i e s ) S h i p F u e l s — A l t e r n a t i v e s to O i l by K. R. M a c i n t y r e , B S c , F I M e c h E , F I M a r E P r e l i m i n a r y S h i p C o s t E s t i m a t i o n by J , C a r r e y e t t e , F R I N A , FIMarE, F S S 145 146 147 148 IBC 211 235 J U L Y 1978 113
M
i S S N 0306-0209 S E P T E M B E R , 1978 No. 5 J o u r n a l of t h e R o y a l I n s t i t u t i o n o f M a v a l A r c h i t e c t sPublished bi-monthly in January, March, May, July, September and November by the R I N A , 10 Upper Belgrave Street, London SW1X 8BQ.
T e l e p h o n e : 01 235 4622/3 T e l e g r a m s ; Sinai, L o n d o n . Printed by Unw/in Brothers Limited Old W o k i n g , Surrey
Editor: R. F. Burnett, BSc, M R I N A
Cover: PS 0/d Caledonia, the 44-year old Clyde paddle steamer at her moor-ing on the T h a m e s , and now/ a well known C h a r r i n g t o n - o w n e d pub and restaurant. B I C C Ltd, w h o provided this p h o t o g r a p h , recently rewired her t h r o u g h o u t . See page 155.
The Institution is not as a body, r e s p o n -sible f o r o p i n i o n s expressed in The Naval Architect unless It Is expressly stated that these are the C o u n c i l ' s views.
© 1978: The Royal Institution of Naval A r c h i t e c t s .
T h i s publication is copyright under the Berne Convention and the International Copyright Convention. A l l rights reserved. No part o f t h i s publication may be repro-duced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted w i t h o u t the prior permission of the copyright owners. Permission is not, however, required t o copy abstracts of papers or of articles on condition that a full reference t o the source is s h o w n . Multiple copying of the contents without permission is always illegal.
ABC
A u d i t e d c i r c u l a t i o n : J a n u a r y - D e c e m b e r 1977 7 136 A d v e r t i s e m e n t O f f i c e :Lewin House, Dorking Road, T a d w o r t h , Surrey
T e l . : (073781) 3063 Telex: 859-424 S U B S C R I P T I O N R A T E S : Single copy £3.00
Six issues £18.00 (S36.00) inc. postage Free to members of the I n s t i t u t i o n . SEPTEMBER 1978 F e a t u r e A r t i c l e s T o w - o u t of t h e N i n i a n C e n t r a l P l a t f o r m — t h e l a r g e s t s t r u c t u r e ever m o v e d by m a n L i f t i n g b e a m s — g u i d a n c e o n safe d e s i g n by J . B i c k e r s t a f f , M R I N A C o m m e r c i a l s a i l i n g v e s s e l s — a n e c o n o m i c a s s e s s m e n t by H. M. C l o s e , A M R I N A E f f e c t s of s t e r n b l u n t n e s s a n d s u r f a c e r o u g h n e s s on v i s c o u s r e s i s t a n c e by P r o f e s s o r D r - I n g W . B o l t e S h o r t e r A r t i c l e s C a m m e l l L a i r d ' s n e w c o n s t r u c t i o n hall o p e n e d at B i r k e n h e a d E c o n o m i c s m a l l m o t o r s h i p e n g i n e i n s t a l l a t i o n s F l o a t i n g n a t u r a l g a s l i q u e f a c t i o n a n d s t o r a g e p l a n t S D . 1 8 — A u s t i n & P i c k e r s g i l l ' s n e w s t a n d a r d m u l t i - p u r p o s e c a r g o v e s s e l F r a n c e ' s m o s t p o w e r f u l t u g s j o i n t o w a g e f l e e t N o i s e levels in s h i p s by C. E. E n g l i s h x , L a r g e A r c t i c i c e b r e a k e r f o r C a n a d i a n C o a s t G u a r d F o u r v e r s a t i l e s t e r n t r a w l e r s f o r B o s t o n f l e e t — f i r s t R S W t a n k s in U K - b u i l t t r a w l e r s T w o n e w r o - r o v e s s e l s f o r T r u c k l i n e Ferries N e w t r a w l e r s f r o m C a m p b e l t o w n S h i p y a r d R e g u l a r F e a t u r e s E d i t o r i a l C o m m e n t s 153 N e w s R e v i e w 154 N a v a l N e w s 156 I M C O N e w s 176 L e t t e r s 176 R I N A A f f a i r s CEI N e w s 177 B o o k R e v i e w s 178 E d u c a t i o n a n d R e s e a r c h 179 T e c h n i c a l M e e t i n g s 180 N e w p a p e r s f o r w r i t t e n d i s c u s s i o n s , f u t u r e m e e t i n g s J o i n t S y m p o s i a o n t h e D e s i g n of S h i p s ' B r i d g e s a n d t h e Effect o n D e s i g n of t h e 1978 I M C O T S P P C o n f e r e n c e ( s u m m a r i e s of p a p e r s ) N o m i n a t i o n s f o r C o u n c i l , P e r s o n a l N o t e s B r a n c h N e w s T E C H N I C A L P A P E R S ( w i t h d i s c u s s i o n a n d a u t h o r s ' r e p l i e s ) O n t h e D y n a m i c s of S l a m m i n g by R. E. D. B i s h o p , F R I N A , W . G. P r i c e , M R I N A a n d P. K. Y. T a m P a r a l l e l D e v e l o p m e n t of S h i p P r o d u c t i o n F a c i l i t i e s a n d I n f o r m a t i o n S y s t e m s by R. W . R. M c N u l t y , C A , a n d P. C. M c K i n s t r y , M I M e c h E New Members 157 161 166 168 160 160 165 170 171 172 173 174 175 175 181 182 183 184 259 281 301 149
J o u r n a l of t h e R o y a l I n s t i t u t i o n of W a v a l A r c h i t e c t s
Published bl-nionthly In January, IVlarch, May, July, September and November by the R I N A , 10 Upper Belgrave Street, London SW1X 8BQ.
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Editor: R. F. Burnett, BSc, M R I N A E d . A s s i s t a n t : M. W e n y o n , BSc
Cover: The prototype Redifon/Water-craft maritime training vessel (see page 206).
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A u d i t e d c i r c u l a t i o n :
J a n u a r y - D e c e m b e r 1977 7 136
A d v e r t i s e m e n t O f f i c e : Lewin House, Dorl^ing Road, T a d w o r t h , Surrey
T e l . : (073781) 3063 Telex; 859-424 S U B S C R I P T I O N R A T E S ; Single copy £4.00
Six issues £24.00 (S48.00) inc. postage Free to members of the I n s t i t u t i o n .