Proceedings of the 17th Symposium on Naval Hydrodynamics, Washington DC, USA (summary)

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P1989-9

Seventeenth Symposium on

NAVAL H Y D R O D Y N A M I C S

Wakes

Free Surface Effects

Boundary Layers and Viscous Flows

Two-Phase Flow

Propeller/Appendage/Hull Interaction

Office of Naval Research

Maritime Research Institute Netherlands

The Royal Netherlands Navy

Naval Studies Board

Commission on Physical Sciences, Mathematics,

and Resources

National Research Council

N A T I O N A L A C A D E M Y P R E S S

Washington, D . C . 1989

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N O T I C E : The p r o j e c t that is the subject o f this report was approved by the G o v e r n i n g Board o f the National Research C o u n c i l , whose members are d r a w n f r o m the councils o f the National Academy o f Sciences, the National Academy o f E n g i n e e r i n g , and the I n s t i -tute o f M e d i c i n e . The members o f the committee responsible f o r the report were chosen f o r their special competences and w i t h regard f o r appropriate balance.

This report has been reviewed by a group other than the authors according to procedures approved by a Report R e v i e w Committee consisting o f members o f the National Academy o f Sciences, the N a t i o n a l Academy o f Engineering, and the Institute o f M e d i c i n e ,

The N a t i o n a l Academy o f Sciences is a private, n o n p r o f i t , s e l f - p e r p e t u a t i n g society o f distinguished scholars engaged in s c i e n t i f i c and engineering research, dedicated to the f u r t h e r a n c e o f science and technology and to their use f o r the general w e l f a r e . U p o n the a u t h o r i t y o f the charter granted to i t by the Congress i n 1863, the Academy has a mandate that requires it to advise the federal government on s c i e n t i f i c and technical matters. D r . Frank Press is president o f the National Academy o f Sciences.

The National Academy o f Engineering was established in 1964, under the charter o f the National Academy o f Sciences, as a parallel organization o f outstanding engineers. I t is autonomous i n its administration and i n the selection o f its members, sharing w i t h the National Academy o f Sciences the responsibility f o r advising the federal government. The National Academy o f Engineering also sponsors engineering programs aimed at meeting national needs, encourages education and research, and recognizes the superior achievements o f engineers. D r . Robert M . White is president o f the National Academy o f Engineering.

The Institute o f M e d i c i n e was established i n 1970 by the National A c a d e m y o f Sciences to secure the services o f eminent members o f appropriate professions in the examination o f policy matters pertaining to the health o f the p u b l i c . The Institute acts under the responsibility given to the National Academy o f Sciences by its congressional charter to be an adviser to the federal government and, upon its o w n i n i t i a t i v e , to i d e n t i f y issues o f medical care, research, and education. D r . Samuel O. T h i e r is president o f the Institute o f M e d i c i n e .

The N a t i o n a l Research C o u n c i l was organized by the National A c a d e m y o f Sciences i n 1916 to associate the broad c o m m u n i t y o f science and technology w i t h the Academy's purposes o f f u r t h e r i n g knowledge and advising the federal government. F u n c t i o n i n g i n accordance w i t h general policies determined by the A c a d e m y , the C o u n c i l has become the p r i n c i p a l operating agency o f both the National Academy o f Sciences and the National A c a d e m y o f Engineering in p r o v i d i n g services to the government, the p u b l i c , and the s c i e n t i f i c and engineering communities. The C o u n c i l is administered j o i n t l y by b o t h Academies and the Institute o f M e d i c i n e . D r . Frank Press and D r . Robert M . White are chairman and vice c h a i r m a n , respectively, o f the National Research C o u n c i l .

This w o r k related to Department o f Navy Contract NO0014-87-C-0018 issued by the O f f i c e o f Naval Research under contract a u t h o r i t y N R 201-124. H o w e v e r , the content does not necessarily r e f l e c t the position or the policy o f the Department o f the N a v y or the government, and no o f f i c i a l endorsement should be i n f e r r e d .

The U n i t e d States G o v e r n m e n t has at least a r o y a l t y - f r e e , nonexclusive, and irrevocable license throughout the w o r l d f o r government purposes to p u b l i s h , translate, reproduce, deliver, p e r f o r m , and dispose o f all or any o f this w o r k , and to authorize others so to do.

Partial support f o r the p u b l i c a t i o n o f these proceedings was p r o v i d e d by the O f f i c e o f Naval Research o f the Department o f the N a v y . The content does not necessarily reflect the position or the policy o f the N a v y , the U.S. G o v e r n m e n t , or the N a t i o n a l Research C o u n c i l , and no endorsement should be i n f e r r e d . In the interest o f t i m e l y p u b l i c a t i o n , the i n d i v i d u a l authors' papers are presented here as received and w i t h m i n i m a l e d i t o r i a l attention.

Copies available f r o m : Naval Studies Board National Research C o u n c i l 2101 C o n s t i t u t i o n Avenue Washington, D . C . 20418

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Naval Studies B o a r d

Robert J. H e r m a n n ( C h a i r m a n ) , t j n i t e d Technologies Corporation George F . Carrier, H a r v a r d U n i v e r s i t y

Seymour J. D e i t c h m a n , Institute f o r l5efense Analyses Ivan A . G e t t i n g . Los Angeles, C a l i f o r n i a

Willis M . H a w k i n s , Lockheed C o r p o r a t i o n

B e n j a m i n H u b e r m a n , Consultants International G r o u p , Inc. D a v i d \V. Hyde, Science Applications International Corporation Ray L . Leadabrand, Leadabrand and Associates

Chester M . M c K i n n e y , Jr., A p p l i e d Research Laboratory William J. M o r a n , Los A l t o s , C a l i f o r n i a

George A . Paulikas, The Aerospace C o r p o r a t i o n Robert M . P o w e l l , Saratoga, C a l i f o r n i a

A l l a n R. Robinson, H a r v a r d U n i v e r s i t y John W. Rouse, Jr., Southern Research Institute Robert C. Spindel, U n i v e r s i t y o f Washington Raymond T . Tate, R a y m o n d Tate Associates, Inc.

Vincent V i t t o , L i n c o l n L a b o r a t o r y , Massachusetts Institute o f Technology George M . Whitesides, H a r v a r d U n i v e r s i t y

Navy Liaison Rerreseniatives

Frank E. Shoup I I I , O f f i c e o f the C h i e f o f Naval Operations Ronald N . K o s t o f f , O f f i c e o f Naval Research

S t a f f

Lee M . H u n t , S t a f f D i r e c t o r

Commis.sion on Physical Sciences, Mathematics, and Resources N o r m a n Hackerman ( C h a i r m a n ) , Robert A . Welch Foundation Robert C. Beardsley, Woods Hole Oceanographic I n s t i t u t i o n B. Clark B u r c h f i e l , Massachusetts Institute o f Technology George F. Carrier, H a r v a r d U n i v e r s i t y

Ralph J. Cicerone, National Center f o r Atmospheric Research Herbert D . Doan, The D o w Chemical Company (retired) Peter S. Eagleson, Massachusetts Institute o f Technology Dean E. Eastman, I B M T . J. Watson Research Center M a r y e A n n e Fox, U n i v e r s i t y o f Texas

Gerhart Friedlander, Brookhaven National Laboratory Lawrence W. Funkhouser, Chevron C o r p o r a t i o n (retired) P h i l l i p A . G r i f f i t h s , D u k e U n i v e r s i t y

Neal F. Lane, Rice U n i v e r s i t y

Christopher F. McK.ee, U n i v e r s i t y o f C a l i f o r n i a at Berkeley

Richard S. Nicholson, A m e r i c a n Association f o r the Advancement o f Science Jack E. O l i v e r , C o r n e l l U n i v e r s i t y

Jeremiah P. O s t r i k c r , Princeton U n i v e r s i t y Observatory P h i l i p A . Palmer, E . I . d u Pont de Nemours & Company Frank L . Parker, V a n d e r b i l t U n i v e r s i t y

Denis J. Prager, M a c A r t h u r Foundation D a v i d M . Raup, U n i v e r s i t y o f Chicago

R o y F. Schwitters, Superconducting Super C o l l i d e r Laboratory L a r r y L . Smarr, U n i v e r s i t y o f Illinois at U r b a n a - C h a m p a i g n K a r l K . T u r e k i a n , Yale U n i v e r s i t y

M y r o n F. U n i a n , A c t i n g Executive Director

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The Seventeenth Symposium on Naval H y d r o d y n a m -ics was held i n The Hague, The Netherlands, f r o m A u g u s t 28 t h r o u g h September 2, 1988, This i n t e r n a -tional symposium was j o i n t l y sponsored by the O f f i c e o f Naval Research ( O N R ) , the National Research C o u n c i l ( N R C ) , the M a r i t i m e Research Institute Netherlands ( M A R I N ) , and the Royal Netherlands Navy. T h i s b i e n -nial symposium promotes the technical exchange o f naval research developments o f common interest to all the countries o f thc w o r l d . The f o r u m encourages both f o r m a l and i n f o r m a l discussion o f the presented papers, and the occasion provides o p p o r t u n i t y f o r direct c o m -m u n i c a t i o n between international peers.

Over t w o hundred participants f r o m twenty countries attended the symposium, The attendees represented a mi.xture o f experiences and expertise, as some attendees were n e w l y graduated students and others o f established international repute. F o r t y papers were presented in f i v e topical areas covered by the symposium: wakes, f r e e surface e f f e c t s , boundary layers and viscous f l o w s , two-phase f l o w , and p r o p e l l e r - a p p e n d a g e - h u l l interac-tions. These topical areas were chosen f o r this particular meeting because o f the recent advances that have been made in these areas. The perspective o f the papers varied f r o m s i g n i f i c a n t t i m e l y reviews, such as the paper on computational and experimental viscous ship h y d r o dynamics, to experimental discoveries o f new p h e n o m

-ena such as the nonlinear oscillatory bow waves and the observed relation between cavitation and coherent f l o w structures on h y d r o f o i l s , and to the new use o f spectral element methods to compute nonlinear ship wave patterns; A notable number o f papers were related to n o n -linear dynamics i n c l u d i n g predictions o f chaos i n ship motions and to ship hydrodynamics relative to remote sensing. This b r i e f description illustrates the q u a l i t y and timeliness o f the symposium f o r naval hydrodynamics.

The success o f this symposium is the result o f hard w o r k on the part o f many people. There was, o f course the Organizing and Paper Selection Committee; D r . M i c h a e l Reischman, D r . E d w i n R o o d , and M r . James Fein ( O N R ) , M r . Lee H u n t ( N R C ) , Dr. Marinus Oosterveld and D r . G . van Oortmerssen ( M A R I N ) , D r . W i l l i a m M o r g a n ( D T R C ) , and Professor W i l l i a m Webster ( U n i v e r s i t y o f C a l i f o r n i a , Berkeley). The c o n t r i b u t i o n o f this committee was certainly the cornerstone f o r the success o f the symposium. However, the administrative preparation and execution w o u l d not have been possible w i t h o u t the support o f Ms. Elizabeth Lucks o f the Naval Studies Board o f the National Research C o u n c i l , who is responsible f o r the assembly o f this document, and M a r i j k e K e l l e r m a n and I n g r i d Snellings o f the s t a f f o f M A R I N , who so e x p e r t l y and graciously hosted the symposium in The Hague.

E d w i n P. Rood

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C O N T E N T S

Welcome Address W.F. Van Hekelen by P.C. De M a n Netherlands M i n i s t r y o f Defence I n t r o d u c t o r y Address P h i l i p A . Selwyn O f f i c e o f Naval Technology Session I - Wakes

On Radar Returns f r o m the Sea S u r f a c e — B r a g g Scattering and B r e a k i n g Waves 5 O . M . Phillips

Johns Hopkins U n i v e r s i t y , Baltimore, USA

Ocean and Ship Wake M o d i f i c a t i o n by a Surface Wake Flow Pallern 17 O . M . G r i f f i n \ R . A , S k o p ^ G . A . K e r a m i d a s ' , T . F . Swean, Jr.'

H . T . W a n g \ and Y . L e i p o l d '

' N a v a l Research L a b o r a t o r y , U S A , ^ U n i v e r s i t y o f M i a m i , USA The N o n o s c i l l a t o r y N e a r - F i e l d T e r m in the Green Function f o r Steady

F l o w About a S h i p 39 J.G. Telste, F. Noblesse

D a v i d T a y l o r Research Center, USA

Wake o f a Vortex Pair on the Free Surface 53 T . Sarpkaya, J. Elnitsky I I , R . E . Leeker, Jr.

Naval Postgraduate School, M o n t e r e y , USA

Ses.sion I I - Free Surface E f f e c t s I

I n f l u e n c e o f F l u i d Density on Steady S h i p Wave Characteristics 63 W.G. Price, Y . Wang, J.J.M. Baar

B r u n e i U n i v e r s i t y , U K

I n t e r a c t i o n o f a T u r b u l e n t Round Jet vvith the Free Surface 79 L.P. Bernal, K . M a d n i a

U n i v e r s i t y o f M i c h i g a n , USA

Resonant Scattering o f Sound by Surface Waves so C C . M e i , M , N a c i r i

Massachusetts Institute o f Technology, USA

Low Froude Number Expansions f o r thc Mave Pattern and the Wave Resistance

of General Ship Forms 103 A . J . Hermans, F.J. Brandsma

D e l f t U n i v e r s i t y o f Technology, The Netherlands

The Cross Flow E f f e c t on (he Force and Moment A c t i n g on a S W A T H S h i p 115 K . J . Bai

Seoul National U n i v e r s i t y , Korea S.E. K i m

Daewoo S h i p b u i l d i n g and Heavy M a c h i n e r y Co., L t d . , Korea J.W. K i m

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Session I I I - Free Surface E f f e c l s I I

A T h e o r y o f Dead Water Phenomena ' 2 7 T . M i l o h , M . P . T u l i n

U n i v e r s i t y o f C a l i f o r n i a , Santa Barbara, USA

A Panel M e t h o d f o r Predicting S h i p Wave Resistance 143 A . J . Musker

A d m i r a l t y Research Establishment-Haslar, U K

Variations on a Theme by Dawson 151 H.C. Raven

M a r i t i m e Institute Netherlands, The Netherlands

S t a b i l i t y Analysis o f Panel Methods f o r Free-Surface Flows w i t h Forward Speed 173 P.D. Sclavounos, D . E . Nakos

Massachusetts Institute o f Technology, USA

Nonlinear Bow Flows - An Experimental and T h e o r e t i c a l Investigation 195 M . A . Grosenbaugh

Woods Hole Oceanographic I n s t i t u t i o n , USA R.W. Yeung

U n i v e r s i t y o f C a l i f o r n i a , Berkeley, USA

Session I V - Boundary Layers/Viscous Flows

Ship Stern and Wake Flows: Slatus of Experiment and Theory 217 v . C . Patel

U n i v e r s i t y o f Iowa, USA

V a l i d a t i o n of T u r b u l e n t Horseshoe Vortex Flows 241 C. - H . Sung, C . - l . Yang

D a v i d T a y l o r Research Center, US.A

Study on Flow C o n t r o l Using the M H D E f f e c t 257 M . H i n a t s u , Y . K o d a m a , Y . U k o n

Ship Research Institute, Japan

Vortex Model f o r T h r e e - D i m e n s i o n a l Viscous Flows 273 J.J.W. van der Vegt

M a r i t i m e Instilute Netherlands, The Netherlands

T h e Scaling o f Mean \'elocities i n the T u r b u l e n t Boundary Layer Flow o f an Appended Body o f Revolution f o r Reynolds Numbers f r o m 20 M i l l i o n to

1000 M i l l i o n " 289 D . W. Coder

D a v i d T a y l o r Research Center, US.A

Numerical Simulations o f the N'iscous Flow Around Ships I n c l u d i n g Bilge N'ortices 299 A . Masuko, Y . Shirose, S. Ishida

I s h i k a w a j i m a - H a r i m a Heavy Industries Co., L t d . , Japan

Session V - T w o - P h a s e Flows

317

331 Generation Mechanism and Dynamics o f Cavitation Vortices Downstream

of a Fixed Leading Edge Cavity F. A v e l l a n , P. D u p o n t , I . R y h m i n g

EPF-Lausanne, Switzerland

V a l i d a t i o n o f a Forward M a r c h i n g Procedure to Compute the T i p V o r t e x Generation Process f o r Ship Propeller Blades

F.J. de Jong, T . R . G o v i n d a n , R. L e v y , S.J. Shamroth S c i e n t i f i c Research Associates, Inc., U S A

349 Unsteady P a r t i a l Cavity Flow on Foils

C C . H s u , Y . T . Shen

T h e o r y o f T i p V o r t e x C a v i t a t i o n Noi.se o f a Screw Propeller O p e r a t i n g i n a Wake 365 P. L i g n e u l

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T h e Collapse o f Bubbles In a Flow Near a Boundary 379 J.H.J, van der M e u l e n

M a r i t i m e Institute Netherlands, The Netherlands R. L . van Renesse

T N O Institute o f A p p l i e d Physics, The Netherlands

Session V I - P r o p e l l e r / H u l l / A p p e n d a g e I n t e r a c t i o n An E x p e r i m e n l a l Investigation o f P r o p e l l e r / H u l l / A p p e n d a g e H y d r o d y n a m i c Interactions 395 E.P. Rood O f f i c e o f Naval Research, U S A D . G . A n t h o n y

Propeller Induced Fluctuations and H u l l Vibrations Considering

H y d r o e l a s t l c l t y Behaviour 415 J.Z. Feng

CSSRC, China/Pennsylvania State U n i v e r s i t y , USA S.T. Dong

CSSRC, China

Euler Equation Analysis o f the P r o p e l l e r - W a k e I n t e r a c t i o n 431 P . V . L . Tsai, C L . M e r k l e

Pennsylvania State U n i v e r s i t y , U S A T . T . Huang

David T a y l o r Research Center, U S A

Free Surface E f f e c t on H u l l - P r o p e l l e r - R u d d e r Interactions 445 K . Nakatake, J. A n d o , K . Kataoka

K y u s h u U n i v e r s i t y , Japan

The Turbulence Structure Near an Appendage-Body J u n c t i o n 461 W.J. Devenport, R . L . Simpson

V i r g i n i a Polytechnic Institute and State U n i v e r s i t y , USA

Session V I I - Nonlinear Waves

N o n l i n e a r Groups in S h i p Wakes 477 T . R . A k y l a s , T . - J . K u n g

Massachusetts Institute o f Technologv, USA R . E . Hall

Science Applications International C o r p o r a t i o n , U S A

The C a l c u l a t i o n of N o n l i n e a r Bow Waves 485 M . J . F r i t t s , M . J . M e i n h o l d , C H . von Kerczek

Science A p p l i c a t i o n s International C o r p o r a t i o n , A n n a p o l i s , U S A

S u b - B r e a k i n g Wave: Its Characteristics, Appearing C o n d i l i o n and

N u m e r i c a l S i m u l a t i o n 499 K . - H . M o r i , M . - S . Shin

Hiroshima University. Japan

Scattering and D i f f r a c t i o n o f S o l i t a r y >\aves bv a V e r t i c a l C y l i n d e r 513 K . - H . Wang, T . Y . W u , G . T . Yates

C a l i f o r n i a Institute o f T e c h n o l o g y , USA

T h e N o n l i n e a r T h r e e - D i m e n s i o n a l Waves Generated by a M o v i n g S u r f a c e Disturbance 523 D . G . D o m m e r m u t h , D . K . Yue

Massachusetts Institute o f T e c h n o l o g y , USA

Session V I I I - Seakeeping

Dynamic I n s t a b i l i t y and Chaotic M o t i o n s o f a S i n g l e - P o i n t - M o o r e d T a n k e r 543 S.D. Sharma, T . E . Schellin

I n s t i t u t f i i r S c h i f f b a u , Germany T . Jiang

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Development o f Design Tools f o r the Prediction o f S W A T H Motions 565 R.P. D a l l i n g a , R . H . M . Huijsmans

M a r i t i m e Institute Netherlands, The Netherlands R . Graham

D R E A , Canada

Seakeeping Calculations vvith Fonvard Speed Using T i m e - D o m a i n Analysis 577 B . K . K i n g

Bassin d'Essais des Carenes, France R . F . Beck, A . R . Magee