A C T A P A L A E O N T O L O G I C A P O L O N I C A
Vol. II I 95 7
HALSZKA OSMOLSKA
TRILOBITES FROM THE COUVINIAN OF WYDRYSZOW (HOLY CROSS MTS., POLAND)
No.1
Abstract. - This pap er deals with 13 species of Cou vinian Tr il ob ite s from Wydry- sz6w. In addidi on to species previou sly record ed from the Holy Cr os s Mts, the
writer describ es some others not known so fa r fr om Poland and 3 new speci es.
IN TROD UCTION
The material here described has been collecte d by the present wri te r in the Holy Cross Mts., at th e locality of Wydryszow, to th e nor th-eas t of Kielce. The paper has been pr ep ared at the Paleozoological Labor a- tory of th e Polish Academy of Sciences at th e inspi r ation and under the guidan ce of Dr. Zofia Kielan to whom sin cere thanks are due for her advice, assistance in the sele ction of literature and criticism of the ma- nuscr ipt. The writ er is als o most indeb ted to Mrs. M. Pajchel for her most valu able suggestions concerning the stratigraphy of the deposits from whi ch the st udied material has been collected. To Miss M. Czar- nocka the wri te r is grateful for the photographs.
STR A T I G RAP H I C AND GEOGRAPHIC DISTRIBUTION OF THE DISCUSSED SPECIES
The Couvinian fauna from Wydryszow has been described by the late J. Czarnocki, but both, the respective manuscripts and the collections of this author, were in 1944 destroyed in Warsaw. Czarnecki (1950) has assigned to the Couvinian th e deposits of Wydryszow, regarding this stage as intermediate between the Lower and the Middle Devonian. He also tentatively listed then the Wydryszow fauna, mentioning the follow- ing trilobitic species : Otarion d. hydrocephaLa Roem., Proetus d. cuvieri Stein., Proetus sp., d. Pteroparia sp., Phacops (Phacops) d. major Barr., Ph. (Ph.) d. poti eri Bayle, Acast e (Acastoid es) paeckeLmanniR. & E. Rich - ter, Asteropyge rotundifrons R. & E. Richter, Asteropyge n. sp.
Out of these species, the present writer has only found Acaste (Aca- stoides) paeckeLmanni R. & E. Richter.
54 HALS ZK A OSM6LSKA
Th e trilobitic fauna from Wy dr ysz6w , thoug h nu me r ica lly meagre, is rather st ron gly differ en ti a ted. Some of the species are in the write r 's collection represented by single specimens on ly , hindering their exac t classifica tion. These are namely: Pro etu s (Proetus) sp. A, Pro(Pr.) sp . B, Scutellum (S cu tellu m ) sp., an d Cy rtosy mbole? sp.
Am ong the here discus sed spec ies som e are known from Germany an d Czechoslovak ia, e. g. Otarion (Otarion) conv exum (Hawle & Cor da, 1847), Leonasp is (Leonaspis) laport ei (Hawle & Corda, 1847), Scutellu m (Para- lejurus) dormitz eri dormitzeri (Bar r., 1852). An interesting fac t is the presen ce in th e Polish material of Acaste (Acastoides) paeckelmanni
R. & E. Richter, 1939, thus far recorded from Turkey on ly .
Th e majority of the discussed Tr ilobites ar e species recorded from the Cou vinian , while three of them have been described from the Lower Devon ian , i. e. Otarion (Otar ion) conv exum (Hawle & Cor da), Leon aspis (Leonasp is) laporte i (Hawl e & Corda) and Acaste (Acast oid es) paeck el - manni R. & E. Richter. None of the sp ecies occur ring in the Givetian were found by the wr iter in Wy drysz6w beds.
Stra tigraphi c and geograp hi c distribu ti on of the discus se d species
Spe cies Dev onLowerian
I
Cou vinian1 Pro etu s (P r oet us) papill aris n. sp.
2 : Proet u s (Proet u s) sp, A. 3 ' Proetl1s (Proet usi sp. B 4
I
Sch a ry ia couv i niana n. sp.5
I
Cy rt osy m b ol e? sp.6 I Otar i on (Otar i on ) con v ex um (Hawle & Corda) 7 IIOt ari on (Otarion) pol onicu m prae cedens Kielan 8 Leonaspis (Leonas pis) lap ortei (Ha w le & Corda) 9
I
Scutellum (Scutel l um) sp.10 Scu tellum (Parale j uru s) dormitzeri dormitzeri (Barr.)
11 Phacops (Phacops) lat i/rons grzegorzowicensis Kiela n 12 Acaste (Acastoi d es) paeckelman n i R. & E. Richter 13 Asteropyge (Rh en ops) jani n. sp.
Th
H, Cz
T
w
W, G?
W W W W,
C z
W. G W, Cz W
W, G?,
c,
W,G W W
Legen d
Species reco r d ed fr om :
G - Grzegorzowice (Holy Cross Mts.) Th - Thuringia
T - Turke y Cz - Czech oslov ak ia
H - Har z
W - Wyd r yszow (Ho ly Cross Mts.)
TRILOBITES FROi\I-THE CO U V IN IAN 01" WYDRYSZOW 53
A charac teristic 01 bed s in the Couv in ian section from Wydryszow..
1
Thick-
I "
Typeness in ml of rock
4 8.0
I
I
P h . (Ph .) lati fr on s grzcgorzowicensis, Ac.mudsto nes (Acastoides) paeckelm an n i, Aste ropyge
I(Rh.) jani
Pro(Pr.)sp.A, (Pr .) sp, B, Pro(Pr.) papilla-
li tori 'r is Sch aryia c1winian a, O. (0.) conveX1tm,
irn eson es ' . d
ith I O. (0.) polontcum pr aece ens, Sc. (Sc.) sp.,
~Nl I ~arsPh. (P h.) latifro ns grzegorzowicensi s, Ac.
incusions (Acastoides) paeckelman ll i , Asteropy ge (Rhenops) jani
No Trilob ites
dit to Trilobitic fauna
Ph. (P h.) lat i fTons gTzeg orzowi censis.
'0. (0.) convexu m .
Pro (Pr.) papillaris, L. (L.) laportei, Ph.
I(P h.) latifrons grzegorzowicensis, O. (0).
poloni c1~~ pra~_c~~~!!S _ marls
mar ls
dolomites
sandstones
I ..' Ip~oetus (Proetus) papillaris, Phacops mudstones (Ptitu-op s) lat i fron s grzeg orzow i ccn sis
i ~ll . ~Ph.)
latijrons grzegorz ow i cen si s, Aca- st e (A castoid es) paecke lm anni, Pro (Pr.) marls pap ill aris, Cyrtosymbo l e? sp, Otar i onand '(Ot ari on ) polon icum prne cedens, Leon asp is
mudston es (Leon asp i s) lapo rtei, Scu tellu m (Paroleiv- ru s) dormitzeri dormitzeTi
'!
5.0
15.0
24.5 23.5 12.5
2 3 5 6 7 Bed
8
- ----1-
Stratigr.
I
column .
'"- ~.
~ ~
~
~
-
~ ~
-
~ ~
-
,.. ~~-
~-I
~;...l.,_.L
i....e...,--r-,-Lr'-
~--::-r
~ ~
~ ~
~ ~
~ ~
'",..~,..- . J~
~r'-
. .
I
,
II II II
.
,~~
56 HALSZKA OSMOLSKA
In her paper on Lower Devon ia n Tr ilob ites from the Gr zego rzow ice- Sk aly section Z. Kiela n (1954) listed from the Couv in ian the following Tr ilobit es: Dechen ella (B aside ch en ella) kayseri R. Richter, Dech en ell a (Basid ech en ella) dombrowiensis (So bolew), Otarion (Otarion) polonicum praeced ens Kielan, Acanthaloma (Kettneraspis) sp. (= Leonaspis (Kett- neraspis) sp.), Scut ellum (ParalejuTUs) dormitz eri d . dormitzeri (Bar r. ), Phacops (Phacops) latifrons grzegorzowicensis Kielan, Three only of these species have been found by the presen t writer in deposits of the same stage in Wydryszow, i. e. Otarion (Otarion) polonicum praecedens Kie- lan , Scu t ell um (Paral eju ru s) dormitz eri dormitzeri (Barr.) and Phacop s (Phacop s) lati frons grzegorzowicen sis Kielan. The latter form, as is the case als o in Grzegorzowice, occurs nearl y th r ough out the Couv in ian secti on of Wydrysz ow , regardless of the petrographiccharacterof deposits.
In comparison to the trilobite faun a describ ed by Kielan (1954) the trilobitic assemblage from Wydryszow here discussed, though by far less numerous is more str ongly diff erenti a ted. The caloite-marly Couvinian depos its of Grz egorzowice an d Wydry szow , aft er Czarnock i (1950),display grea t resemblanc e an d are referable to the same facial area.
The im portant differen ces, howeve r, observed in the trilobitic fau na s recorded fr om these two secti ons not more than 10 km apa r t, suggest that they do not cor re spo nd to the same hor izon. Lack of adeq uate ma- terdal is in the way of deter mi nin g whi ch of th e mentione d hor izons is referab le to the older Cou vinian.
SYST EMATIC DESCR IPT IONS1 Famil y Proetidae Hawle & Cor da, 1847 Subfamily Proctina e (Hawle & Corda), 1847
Genus Pr oetu s Stein inger , 1831 Subgenus Proetu s (Proetus) Steininger, 1831
Pr oetu s (Proetus) papillaris n. sp.
(fig. 1; pl. I,fig. 1-3)
Holotype: cran id iumfigured in pl. I,fig.!.
St r at u m typicu m: Cou vinian mudstones (bed No.7).
Locus typicus: Wy d ry sz6w, Holy Cr oss Mts.,Poland .
Der ivatio nom i n i s: papillari s- ar ra nge me n t of glabellar gran ules resembli ng the cour se of papill ar'lines on finger tip.
I In de scription of glabella the present writer has follo wed the termin ology used by V.Jaanusson (1956),i. e. lateral gla be ll ar furrows an d lobe s are lettered S (su lcus) and L (lob us) respectively an d are number ed fr om beh ind forwar ds. Independently of that the terminology followed by R. & E. Richter, i. e. poster ior , median an d ant erior furrows and lobes, is also men tion ed .
The abbreviations used are: tc, = transverse, i. e. perpendicular to the plane of symmetry ; sag. = sag ittal,d.e. parallel to plane of symmetry.
Gla.bellar le ng th mea sured without occi pital rin g.
TRILOBITES FROM THE COUVINIAN 01" WYDRYSZOW 57
Mat erial. - 14 cranidia, 8 fr ee cheeks wit h spin es br ok en off 10 py- gidia (bed s Nos. 5-8). .
Dimensions of four specimens (in mm):
1 2 3 4
Leng th of cep ha lon 7.8 4.2 Len gth of pyg id ium 5.2 3.0
Lenglih of glab ella 7.0 3.8 Width of pygidium 8.0 4.0
Width of glabe lla 5.0 2.9 Leng th of rach is 4.0 2.2
Width of rachis 3.0 1.7
Diagnosis. - Glabella cylindrical; preglabell ar field lacking; three lat er al glabe llar furrows as areas without gra nu lation; basal furrow (8\) occupies one fourth of maximum gla be llar widt h, bifurcat ed at inner end and dir ec ted obliquel y posteriorly ; middl e furrow (82) shorter, also direc ted obliquely post eriorly; anteri or furro w (83) the shor test, not
extending to dorsal fur r ow, directed slig h tly anter iorly ; occip it al ring
3m rn
10
lb iij
Fig. 1.- Proet us (Proe t u s) pap ill aris n.sp.;1 a paraty pe, cran idium. anterio r view; 1b same speci m en, la ter al view; 2 para type, free cheek, dorsal view;
3a paratype, pyg idium, lateral view, 3b same spe cimen , posterior view.
with a tubercle; len gth of gena l spine eq ual to two thi rds of that of fre e cheek; pygidiumsurrou n ded by flat border with wid th equal to on e sixth of total len gth of pygidium;cephalon finely gr an u late d,glabellargra n ules arranged along the concentric lin es; pygidiu m smoot h.
Description . - Cr anidiu m broad ly roun de d in front. Glab ell a cylin dri- cal, broad, rou n ded in front; widt h/length from 0.7 to 0.8; dor sal furr ows near:ly paralle l; la teral furrows br oa d in form of shallow depress ions with out granulation; posterior furr ow (81) the longest , directed obliquely posteriorly and bifu r ca ted at inner end, occupies ab out on e four th of the max imum glabellar width; middle furrow (82) shorter,also directed po- steriorly; anteri or furrow (83) as an ov al dep r ess ion place d somewhat obliquely anteriorly; occipital furrow deep an d br oad (sag.), ben t for- wards;occipital ring broad (sag.) with a central tube rcle near its posterior
58 HALSZKA OSM6LSKA
margin; palpebral lobes na rrow, with maxi mum.width (tr.) equal to one six th of that of glabella measured in projection ; facets on visu al lob e not disce rnible eve n under stron g magnification ; bor der of cephalon with from 4 to 5longitu din al concentric rid ges; anterior border separated from the glabe ll a by deep border fur ro w gr owing more shallow poster iorl y and less deep at posterior genal an gle; gen al spine , preserverd as an imprint, has a length equal to tw o thirds or less th an that of the free cheek;
border ridg es extending on the gen a l spines. In longitudinal section the occipital ring low , flat, the occipital furrow deep and br oad (sag.); gla- bell a low-convex, th e border in fron t of glabella prominent. In transvers e section glabell a strong ly convex, palpe br al lobe s extendin g to half the gla bellar height. Hypostome an d th or ax unknown.
Pygidium sub-sem icircul a r ; length/wid th 0.7; width of rachis about one th ir d of tot al width, its length equal to four fifths of total pygidial length ; dorsal fu r r ows diver gent forwards an d fusing ba ck w ar ds by a gen tl e ar ch . Rachis wit h 8 rings, and 5 ribs discernible on side lobes.
The deep interpleural grooves and the sh all ow pleur al furrows do not extend to pygidial borders; pygidium su rroun ded by flat border with width equal to one sixth of its length; border not sep ar ate d from rest of pygid ium by border fur r ow. In longitu dinal
an d
transv ersesections rachis sli gh tl y higher than th e pleural region. Cep h al on finely granulate d; glabellar granules arranged on lines resem bling the arrangement of pa- pillar lines on finger tip.They are largest in poster ior en d of glab ell a and diminish anteriorly. With a cephalic length of 7.8 mm, the diamete r of tube r cles is from 0.07 to 0.15 mm. On palpebral lobes and on th e border zone the tubercles are ve r y minute, bein g discernible under a magnifi- cation of X 60. On the remaining par ts of th e cephalon the tubercles are 0.07 mm in diameter . Round the eye lobe there is a narrow area without gran ulation. Pygidium smoot h .Remark s. - The here described species shows close similari t y with Proet u s (Pr.) bohemicus Hawl e & Corda, from wh ich it , however, differs in the presence of longer genal spines, a bifurc ated posterior glabellar furrow (81) and a flat pygidia l border. On the other hand, Proetu s (Pr.) papillaris n. sp. is very near to Pro(Pr.) glandiferus Novak, 1890. In the latter, however, the glabe lla is of consi der ably more slen der form and with out lateral fu r ro ws. In addition, th e very peculiar ornamentation of glabella constit utes a feature by wh ich Pro(Pr.) papillaris n. sp . differs from all kn own species of su bgenus Pro (Pr.). A. Pribyl (1946) and H. K.
Erben (1951) hav e dis tin gu ish ed three gr ou ps within subgenus Proetu s (Pr oetus) Ste in. , i. e.:
1. Pro(Pr.) boh emicu s Hawle & Corda, in clu ding species with broad glabell a an d a shar p gen al angles .
TR I LOBITES F'ROM TH E COUV IN IAN OF WYDR YS Z O W 59
2. Pro (Pr. ) tenuimargo R. Richter, includingspecies with narrow gla- bella an d long genal cheeks.
3. Pro (Pr .) orb itatus Bar r ., incl u din g species with roun ded genal ang le.
Pro (Pr. ) pap ill ari s n. sp. is not refer able to any of th ese grou ps since it has a wide glabe lla typi cal of Pro (Pr.) boh em icus Hawle & Corda, but fr ee cheeks with fairly long spi nes, as is the case in Pro(Pr.) tenuimar go Richter. Kiel an (1954)in her obs erva tions on Pro (Pr.) granuLosus Goldfuss and Pro(Pr.) moravicus Smycka has noted tha t the subdivision suggested by Prib yl (1946) and Erben (1951) does not cover all sp ecies of subgenus Pro(Pr.)Stein.,and cannot be applied in th e caseofPolish speci es display- ing ch ar acters interm edia te between the several gr oups. Observa tions concern ingPro(Pr .) papillarisn.sp. su pply addition al evidence of thatfact .
Proetus (Proetus) sp. A
(p l. J, fig. 4)
MateriaL - A compl ete but distorted specimen from bed No. 5.
Dimensions (in mm):
Length of ce ph alon Width of cephalon Length of glabella Width of glabella
9.5 17.0 7.5 6.0
Len g th of py g idium Wid th of p)\g id ium Leng th of rach is Width of ra ch is
6.0 9.1 5.0 3.5
Description . - Border slightly prot ruding in front of glabella; gla- bell a elongate, with sem icir cula r anteri or outline and con tigu ou s with bor der fur ro w ; palpebral lobes bro a d (tr.), somewhat shifted to the back beyond the middle of glabellar length. The ridge surrounding the eye lobe slightly marke d and poste rior genal angle slightly pointed; rachis of th orax semi circular in transverse section, an d elevated above the rather str ongly convex side lobes; pleural edge s rounded and directed for wards;
pygidium sub -semicircu lar in outline; rachis U-sh aped , occu pyin g just a little more than one third of pygidial width ; segm entation of ra chis distin ct (8 rings) but alm ost obliterated in pleural regions.In longitudinal section rachis slightly elevated above the side lob es an d low ering gently backw ards. In trans verse section the sem icircularly arched rachis is slightly ele va te d above the low-convex pleu r al region. Glab ell a r orn a- mentation consists of minute closely arranged gran u les, dim inishin g to the front , whil e the rest of the cephalon is witho ut gran u lation; tho rax and pygidium smoot h.
Rem ark s.- From the Giv etian of Gr zegorzowice-S kaly Kiel an (1954, p. 8) has descri be d species Proet us (Proetus) gran uLosu s Goldfuss. He r
60 HALS ZKA OSM 6LSK A
specime ns were collected from bed s j and [2' Those recove r ed fr om bed j (pl. 1, fig. 3 of that author) differed from others in a dis tinctly elon ga t e glabella, finer gr an ulation an d narrower (tr .) palpebral lobes, placed in median glabellar length.On the oth er hand, palp eb r al lobe s of spe cim ens from bed l2(pl. 1, fig. 1, 2,4, 5) are placed somewhat posteriorly , beyond the med ian glabe llar len gth. For that reas on, R. & E. Richter (1956, p. 371) have suggeste d th at these are two separate species.
The specime n collec ted from Wyd r ysw w has an elongate an d fine ly gran ulated gla be lla, as also hav e th e specimens from bed j of the Gr ze- gorzow ice -S kaly section, but its palpe bral lobes are br oad (t r. ) an d pla ced in the same relation to the glabella as has been observed in specimens from bed l2'Pygidium comes very close to that in specimens from be d j.
R. & E. Richter (1956) have also questioned the specific identity of
Polish specimens from bed l2 of the Grzegorzowice-Skaly section with typical Proetus (Proetus) granulosu s (a ccor ding to these authors conspe- cific with Pro (Pr .) cuv ieri Stein), from which it differs in a more di- stinctly quadr angular glabella, coarser granulation and in the anterior border not protru ding in front of glabella.
These remarks ar e correct as regards the specimen figured by Kielan (1954) in pl. 1, fig. 5 a- 5 c, which corresponds to an ex t r em e variety, whereas other specimens from bed l2(1954, pl. 1,fig. 1, 1a,2) diff er from Pro (Pr .) granulosus Goldf uss from the Eif el chiefly in slightly coa rser gr anu lati on.
Diff erences in outlin e of glabell a and of its relation to the anterior border in spe cime n s from be d l2may be refer r ed to in dividu al varia tions, whereas some differences display ed by Polish an d. German specim en s may in di ca te that these forms represen t separate geographic stocks of the same spe cies. Ampler mater ial is need ed for 'a fina l elucidatio n of this probl em.
Pro etu s (Proet u s)sp .B (pl. I, fig . 5)
Material. - A nearl y com ple te specime n, but lack in g free cheeks; bed No.5.
Dimension s (in mm):
Length of cephalon Le ngt h of glabefla Width of glabell a
4.2 3.0 2.8
Length of pygidi u m Wid th of py gidium Length of rachis Wid th of ra chis
2.1 4.5 2.0 1.3
Description . - Anterio r bord er bro ad (sag.), gently convex,with from 4 to 5 sh ar p ridges ; border furrow deep; gla be lla cy lindrical, slightly
TRILOBITES FROM THE COUVINIAN OF WYDRYSZOW 61
enlarge d posteriorly and gently rounded anteriorly, in direct contact with border furrow; width/length 0.9; two lateral furrows as non-granulated ar eas; glabella st r on gly convex both in transverse and longitudinal sections. Thorax with 10 segments ; rachis gen tl y tapering posteriorly and cor r es p on ding to one third of the total width of thorax; in transverse secti on rachis considerably more arched than the slightly convex side lobes. Pygidiumsemicircular with rachis tapering posteriorly and bluntly ter m in a ted, not ex te n ding to the outer margin; 8 rings discernible on rachis, interpleural grooves and pleural furrows faintly discernible. Gla- bella granulat ed , granules sh ar ply pointed, an ter iorl y diminuating and more widely spa ced; above bo~der furrow glabella smooth; on the occi- pital rin g the granu les are more minute an d widely spaced; fixed cheeks, pygidium and thoraxsmooth.
Remarks. - This form resem bles Proetus (Proetus) tenu im argo R. Richter , 1909, recorded from the Giv etian of Germany, in having a br oad anter ior border withsev eral longitudinal ridges, but differs from it in havin g a less elongate glab ell a, broader (tr.) palpebral lobes , and in the gla be lla r gr an ulation consisting of sh ar ply pointed tubercles. This type of granulation occurs in Proetus (Pr.) prox R. & E. Richter, 1956, whose ovate glabella approaches very clos el y to that of the herediscu ssed specim en. Nev erthel ess the two species.sh ow im por tan t differences, i..e.
in Proetus (Pr.) sp. B the anterior border is not partly concealed under the glabella as is the case in Proetus (Pr.) prox R. & E. Richter, but, on the contrary, prot rudes in front of the glabella, the palpebral lobes are broader (tr.), the glabe lla more st r ong ly convex in transverse an d longi- tu dinal secti ons. The lack of free cheek in the Wydryszow sp ecime n makes it impossible to ascertain whether the posterior gen al angle is gen tl y pointed, as it is in Proetus (Pr.) prox R. & E. Richter, or stre tch ed ou t in to a spin e as in Proetus (Pr.) tenuimargo R. Richter.
Pygidia of the here st u die d sp ecies als o sh ow different proportions, i .e. len gth/width of pygidium in Proetus (Pr.) sp. 0.5, while it is 0.6 in Proetus (Pr.) tenuimargo R. Richter an d 0.7 in Proetus (Pr.) prox R. & E. Richter.
Fam ily Cyrtosymbolidae Hupe, 1953 Subfamily Scharyiinae n, subfam.
Trilobit es wit h ceph alon semici rc ular, gla b ella conical, preglabellar field wide (sag.), facia l suture pseu do propa ria n2, hypost om e long and
• Also termed "cedariiform e". These are terms introduced by Hupe (1953) to design at e a fac ial su ture whose posterior bran ch is directed transversely to the lon- git udinalaxis of the cephalon, as it is in the proparia n typ e, an d whic h ben ds back- wa r ds in its termi nal course tran secting the post erio r border.
62 HALSZKA OSM6LSKA
narrow, thor ax with 6 segments, pygidium semicircular su r rou nde d by a bor der, dorsal furrows V-sh ap ed .
Occurrence. - Up per Sil urian {Ludlow) - Middle Devonian (Cou- vin ian), Czechoslovakia, Poland.
Discu ssion. - This subfamily is monotypic, bein g erected to include gen us Scharyia Prib yl. This genus has by Pribyl (1946b, p. 25) been placed in subfamily Tr opidocor yp h in a e Pribyl, family Proetidae (Hawle
& Corda, 1847).P. Hupe (1953) placed it in subfamily Eodreverrnanniinae Hupe, family Cy r to sym bo lid ae Hupe . Insomuch as the assignment of ge- nus Scharyia Priby l to Cy r t osym b oli d ae seems reasonable yet its asso - ciation with su ch genera as Pran tLia Prib yl, 1946, and Eodr ev erma nnia Pribyl, 1946, in su bfamily Eodreverman~iinae Hupe, seems doubtfu l.
These genera have a typical opisthoparian facia l suture and a gr ea te r number of th oracial segments, i. e. 8 in Eodrev erm annia, 10 in Prantl ia.
The pseudopropari an type of facial sutu r e has been noted in represen- tat iv es of Upper Camb r ian fam ilies Pilgr imiid a e Hupe, 1953, an d Ced a- riid ae Hu pe, 1953. A facial suture unusual for the fam ily of Proetid a e, as well as the smaller nu m berof segments in th orax,prompt the er ection for Schar yia of a special subfamily - Sch a r yiin ae n. su bfam. in the fa- mily Cyrtosymboli dae Hupe .
Genus Scharyia Pribyl, 1946 Diagn osis ,and occurrence - as in the subfamily.
Type species Schary ia micropyga Prib y l, 1946.
Scharyia couviniana n. sp.
(fig.2;pl.-II, fig. I, 2) Holotyp e: cranidiu m, fig . 2-1 & pl.II, Hg . 1.
Stratum typ icum: Cou vinia n 'limes to ne s and marl? (bed No. 5).
Locus typicus: Wydrys z6w, Holy Cr oss Mts., Pola nd.
Deri vat i o nominis: couvin iana - as occurring in Couvinian beds.
Material. - 10 cranidia, of which 7 preserved withou t ex osk eleton, 1 damaged free cheek, 12 pygidia,
Dimension s of four specim ens (in mm):
1 2 3 4
Leng th of cephalon 2.5 1.8 Len gt h of pyg id ium 2.6 1.8
Length of glabella 1.5 1.2 Wid t h of pygidiu m 4.1 2.8
Wid t h of glabella 1.5 1.2 Length of ra chis 2.1 1.4
Wid t,h of ra chis 1.4 0.7
Diagnosis.- Length/widthin glabella 1; two la t eral glabellar furrows;
occipital rin g with out tu bercle; anterior an d posterior branches of sutur e
TRILOB ITES FR O M TH E CO UV INIAN 01-' WY DRYS Z OW 63
sub-p ar all el; palpebral lobe sep arated from the fix ed cheek by furro w; pygidium finely granulated.
Description. - Anterior part of cranidium flat, glabella conical', broadest at the base, length/maximum width 1; width (sag.) of occipital ring equal to one third of glabellar length; occipital furrow st r aight;
shall ow, deeper where transecting dorsal furrows; dorsal fu r r ows deep at
/!iiJ
. 2
10 1b
\l]
~~<
~~
1c30 3b 3c
-S-m m
Fig. 2. - Scharyia couvinia n a n. sp.: 1 a holotype, crani- dium, dorsal view, 1 b sam e specime n, lateral view;
1c samespecimen, anterior view,2 paratype,freek cheek, dorsalview;3 a para type,pygidium, dorsal view; 3 b same spe ci men,lateral view;3 csamesp ecim en,posterior view.
the base of glabella near the occipital furrow, shallowing anteriorly and fusing together at an angle of approximately 52°. Two lateral glabella r furrows short and directed obliquely backwards. Owing to th e deep inci- sion of the dorsal furrow at the occipit al ring, the hind part of the free cheek , between the dorsal furrow an d the horizontal palp ebral lobe, is steep ly elevated. The palpebral lobe is sep ar a ted from th e fixed-cheek by a deep furrow, deepest post eriorly, an te r ior ly growi ng mor e shall ow to complete obliteration ; the posterior par t of the fix ed ch eek, back of the palpebral lobe, enlarged outwards ; the post erior border furrow cow spicu ous, broad (s ag.), horizontally directed; pleura of occipital seg ment en lar ged at dorsal fur ro w; facial su tu re pseudoproparia n, both its bran- ches sub-parallel; eye lobe low-con vex, with facets very minute, di- stin ctly delimited, alternately ar ra ng ed in 5 horizontal rows. A damaged free cheek, fou n d detached , has the later al border with a characteristic
HALSZKA OSM 6LSKA
ridge, also noted on the anteriorborder . Near the free cheek the impres- sion is visibl e of a broken off genal spin e, whose length cannot be de- ter mi ne d. In the longitudinal sec tion th e occip ital ring is low, the occi- pital fu r r ow sha ll ow an d narrow (sag.), th e glab ell a flat , th e broad preglabellar field desc ends to the upturned ant eri or border which has a well marked sh ar p ridg e. In trans verse secti on glabella slightly convex, as high as or slightly highe r than palpeb r al lobes. Hypos tome and thorax unknown. Pygid ium su b-s emicircular, length/wi dt h 0.6; pygid ial border con ve x, py gid ia l border fu rrow br oad and mod er a tel y deep ; rachis with 9 rings, pleu ra e with 4 disce rnib le ribs. In longitu di nal section ra chis unifo rmly elevated, poster iorly it bends rap id ly with ou t at tain in g the borde r . In transverse section rachis sligh tly more raised than the convex side lob es; border strongly convex and distinctl y sep ara te d from rest of pygidiu m.
Remarks. - The here described spe cies, as compared with Scharyia micro py ga Prib yl , 1946, the on ly spe cies of the genus thus far described an d occu rri ng in the Upper Silur ian an d Lower Devonian of Czechoslo- vakia, displays numerous differ ences:
Sch ar y ia micropyg a Pri byl
Anterior portion of cran idium narrow (tr.).
-Glabella with 3 later al furrows. Occipital rin g wit h tuber cl e.
Ante rior and pos ter ior bra n ch of facial su t u re non-p arallel.
Palpebral lob e not delimited from fixed chee k.
Py g id ium sm oot h.
Sch ar yia couv i niana n. sp.
Anterior portio n of cra ni diu m broa d (tr.).
Glabella with 2 lateral·fu r r ows.
Lack of tubercl e.
Both branches of sut u r e sub-para ll el.
Pa lp ebr a l 1000 de lim ited by furrow from fix ed ch ee k.
Py gidium finely gr a n u lated.
Prib yl has described an d reconstructed Scharyia micropy ga Pribyl in two of his papers (1946a, 1946b). The figures published in these papers differ conside rably. In the first recons t ructi on (1946a,fig. 9) the posterior branch of facial su ture intersects the posterior borde r in fron t of the gen al angle, an d there are 3 lateral furrows marked on the glab ella. In th e secon d reconstruction (1946 b, pl. 2, fig. 9) the posterior branch of su t u re intersects the genal angle and only 2 lateral furrows are marked on the glabella (though 3 are mentioned in th e description). In our comp ari son, the second figure only has been considered.
TR I L O BITES FRO M TH E COUVINIAN 01" WYDRY SZOW
Subfamily Cyrtosymb oli na e Hup e, 1953 Genu s Cy r tosy m bole? R. Richter, 1913
Cy rtosym bole? sp.
(pl. IE, fig. 3)
Materia l. - 1 cranid ium (bed. No.7).
Dim ension s (in mm):
66
Leng th of cephalon Len g t h of glabe lla
1.39 0.9
Width of glabella Width/length of gla be ll a
0.61 0.6
Description . - Front of cranid ium slightly rounded; occipital ring very broa d (sag.), medi a lly eq ua l to one third of glabe ll a r length,rapidly tapering at dorsal furr ow s ; occipital furrow strai ght ; dorsal fur row su b- parallel ; gla bella elongate, cylindrical, enlar ge d at basal glabella r lobes, gen tly rounded anteriorly; basal lateral furrows (S I) well incised in the glabella and cutting off the basal lob es (L1) ; preglabell ar field broad (sag.), its width being eq ual to nearly one fourth of glab ellar length; border furrow extreme ly sha llo w ; anterior border br oad (sa g.), equ al to one eigh th of glabellar length; fixed cheeks broad (tr.); palpebral lobes semi - circul ar, set somewhat posteriorly , beyond med ian glabell ar len gth. In longit udin al secti on occipital ring very broad (sag.),flat ; occipital furrow sh all ow ; gla be ll a some wh at higher than occipital ring, nearly flat in two th ird s of its length , then rather steeply descending to the downturned preglabell ar field; ante rior border upturned. In transverse section the glabella st r ongly convex, palpebral lobes reach median glabellar heig ht.
Exoskeleton smooth. Free cheeks. Thor ax and pygidium unkn ow n . Remarks. - The here described species seems to confirm Pribyl's (1949) belief concerning the con n ection of some Middle Devo nian forms with the Upper Dev onian genus Cy r t osymbole R. Rich ter , 1913. Priby l . (1949,p. 328)men tion ed that Pro etu s superstesBa r r.,desc r ib ed by J.Bar- rande (1852, 1872) from the upper most Middle Dev on ian (Hhl ) of Czecho- slovakia, cannotbe referred to genus ProetusStein. , itscha r a cter s bri nging it more closely to the Upper Dev on ian genus Cy rto sy mb ole R. Richte r . These are am ong others: an' elongate glabe lla and very lar ge eyes, as well as ou tline ofpygid iu m.Priby l (1949) has alsostressed th e resemblance of Proe tu s superstes Ba rr. to Cyrtosymbole (Waribole ) phacomma R. & E.
Richter, 1926, in naming this form Cy rt osy m b ole?superstes (Barr.).
The above described species also displays features characteristic of gen us Cy rt osy m bole, particularly subgenus Cyrto symbol e (Waribole) R. &E. Richter. The Polish specimen, however, does not approa ch C. (W a- ribole) phacommaR. & E. Rich ter,whose glabell a tape rsslightly between
Acta Pal a eon t olo gl ca Polon lca - vo l, nil 5
66 HA LSZK A OSM6LSKA
the anterior edges of the palpebral lobes, the cent ral (52) and anterior (53) lateral furrows are well impressed, and the preglabellar field is narrower (sag.) than the anterior border. It resembles more C. (Waribole) wa1'stei- nensis R. & E. Richter, 1926 (see correlation table).
Correlation table of 1. Cyrtosymbole (Waribole) warst einensis R. & E. Richter, 2. Cyrtosymbol e?sp., and 3. Cyrtosy mbol e? su pe rs t es (Barr.)*
1 2 3
- - -
An terior outl ine
of cra nid ium near ly fla t near ly flat highly ar ched Wid th of occip it al one fourth of one thir d of one fifth of
ring (sag.) glab ell ar lengt h gla bell a r length gla be llar length
Occip it al ring slig htly tap er in g abruptlytaper ing sli gh tly tap ering
laterally peripherally
-
Pos t erior (81)
deep, cutting off moder a tely deep, la teral glabellar
basal lobes cutting offbasal weak ly im press ed
fur r ows lobe s
Ant erior outline gently rounded gen tly rounde d gently rou nde d of gla bella
Width of pregl a- one eigh th of one fourth of on e twelfth of bell ar field gla be lla r length glab ellar len g th glabe ll a r length Wid th of ante r ior one tenth of one eight h of one sixth of
bord er glab ellar length glabella r leng th glabellar length Distance of terrni -
nal ends of pal- small grea t very small
pebral lobes from glabella
In longitud inal glabella flat glabella convex glabell a fla t sec tion
In transvers e gla be ll a slightly gla bell a str ong ly ?
se ction convex convex
Shape of pygidium slightly elongate unknown slightly elongate
pos ter iorly posterio rly
broad, occupying narrow , nearly
Pygidial rachis two thir ds of
-
attain ing peste-pygidial length rior pyg.dial
border
*The dimensions of Cyrtosymbole (Waribole) warsteinensis and Cyrtosymbole?
super stes, listed in the table here below, have been taken from figures of these species.
TRILOBITES FROM THE COUVINIAN OF WYDRYSZOW .67
Family Otarionidae R. & E. Richter, 1926 Subfamily Otarioninae R. & E. Richter, 1926 Genus Otarion Zen ker,1833 emend.R. & E.Richter, 1926
Subgenus Otarion (Otarion) Zenker, 1833 emend. R. & E. Richter, 1926
Otarion (Otarion) polonicum praecedens Kielan, 1954
(pl. III, fig.5)
1954. Otario n (Otarion ) pol onicum pr aeceden s Kiel an ; Z. Kie lan, Les Trilobites meso de vo nie ns.... p. 26, pl .2, fig . 10et 11; text-fig. 18.
Material. - 2 damaged cephalons, 1 cranidium preserved as mould, one cheek. From marls (bed No.5) and mudstones (bed No.6).
Dim en sion s of two specimens (in mm):
1 2
Leng t h of cep hal on 6.5 6.0
Width of cephalo n 9.5 9.0
Leng th/width of cep ha lcn 0.6 0.6
Leng th of gla be lla Wid th of gla be ll a Width/len gth of gla bell a
1 2
4.5 4.2 4.0 3.7 0.8 0.8
Remarks.- The specimens found in Wydrysz6w gen er all y agree with those describ ed by Kielan (1954) from the Couvinian of Grzegorzowice.
The only dis tinction is in the differen t shape of depr ession in the free ch eek angle, which in specimens he r e described is elongate as in O.(Ota- rion) polonicum polonicum Kielan , 1954. O. (Otarion) polonicum praece- dens displays close similarity to O. (Otarion) balan ops Erben, 1953 from th e Couvinian of Ger m an y (Eifel),it differs , how ev er , in another orienta- tion of cheekspines in relation to the longitudinal axis, the genal spine in the former being sub-parallel to the longitudinal axis, while in the latter it is dir ected obliq ue ly ou t wa r ds.
Otarion (Otarion) conv ex um (Hawle & Corda), 1847
(fig. 3; pI. III.fig. 4)
1952. Otari on (O t ari on ) con v exum (Hawle & Cord a) ; H. K. Erb en , Tr il ob iten aus dem Alte ren Her cyn..., p. 246. pl. 19, fig. 15, te x t-f ig. 28 (with previo us sy- nonymy).
Mat erial. - 4 damaged cran idia preserved in marls (bed s Nos. 2 and 4).
Dimen sions of two specimens (in mm):
Len g th of cep h a lon Len g th of glabella
1 2
4.9 4.0 3.9 2.9
W:dt h of glabella Width/length of glab ella
1 2
3.0 2.0 0.7 0.7
68 HA LSZKA OSM6 LS KA
The Polish forms of this species do not differ from those of Czecho- slova kia, describ ed by Bar r ande (1852) and by Pribyl an d Pr antl (1950)
E E
Fig. 3. - OtaTi on (OtaTi on) convexum (Hawle & Corda ):
a cranidiu m, ante rior vie w ; b same specime n , lateral view.
fro m lower Midd le Devoni an beds (gUt and g(2) or from German forms, desc ribed by Kegel (1931)and Erben (1952)from LowerDev on ian depo s its .
Fami l y Scutcllid ae R. & E. Rich te r , 1925 Genus ScuteLlum Push , 1833
Subgenu s Scuiellurn: (Paral ejurus] Hawle & Corda, 1847 Scu t elui m. (Para Lejurus) dormitzeri tlormitzeri (Barrand e, 1852)
(pl. II, f:g. 6)
1852. Bronteu s dormi tz eTi Barr .; J.Barr ande ,Systern e silu ri e n ..., p. 847, pl.48.
Material, - 1 cra ni di u m, fragme nts of exoskele t on from marls (bed No. 7).
Dim ensions (in mm):
leng th of crani di um wid th of cranidi u m
12 14
Rem ar ks. - The crani dium of Sc. (P ar aleju r us] dormitz eri dormitz eri Barr. collected from Wydryszow sca r cely differs at all from Sc. (Parole- jurus) dorm itzeri d. dorm i tzeri Ba r r. , desc r ib ed by Kiel an (1954) from the Cou vin ian of Grzegor zow ice. Neverthel ess the trans v erse an d Ion':' gitu dinal sections ofthe cranidiu m are flatter, while the glabellar furrows are fain tl y im pressedas is the case in Bohemi an specimens. These features are not observe d in cra nidia from Grzego rzowice , which led Kielan to describe them as Scu t eli urn. (Para Lejurus) dormitzeri d . dormitz eri Barr.
In preserved fr agmen ts of exosk ele ton from Wydryszow ornamenta tion is the same as that in Boh emian specimens .
TRILOBITES FROM THE CO U VINIAN OF WY DRYSZOW 69
Subgen us Scutellum (Scutellum ) Pusch, 1833 Scu t ellum (S cut ellum)sp.
(pl, II, fig.7)
2.0 2.5 Length of rachis
Width of .rachds 6.0
8.5
Material. - 1 pygidium fr om limestones (bed No.5). Dim en sions (in mm):
Width of pygid iu m Len g th of pygid ium
Descri ption. - Pygidiu m su b-sem ici rcu lar in outline ; Iength/width 0.7; rachis convex, br oad ly triangu lar ; on its su rfa ce are impr es sed tw o longitudinal parallel furrows reaching its en d just at the su m m it of the triangle . These furrows divide the rachis into three lon git u din al regi on s of which the median one is more convex than the two lateral ; the pleural region of pyg idium gently convex. All pleural ribs approximately of the sa m e width, only the first an d the middle ribs are broader, the first rib more convex than all others. Pleural furrows narrow (tr.) and gradu ally becom in g obliterated towards rim of carapace which forms a flat border. In lon g itu d in al section the rachis convex, the posterior area of pygidium flat, des cen din g sli ght ly bey ond two thirds of len g th and again sli gh tl y rais ed perip herally . Several sm all granules on the axis; a sin gle row of minut e gra n ules (abou t 0.1 mm in diameter) ru ns median ly alon g ev ery rib; border sm ooth .
Rem arks:- The here described pygid ium appr oaches that in Scu t el- lum (Scutellum) flabe llifcrum (Gol dfuss). The existing differe n ces, how- ever, in dicate th at we ar e dealing with anothe r species. The differences are:stronger convexity of py gidial ex oske leton, broad an d very promi nent first pygidial rib, charact eristic ornamentation cons isting of a single row of gr a n u les runnin g mediall y along ea ch rib, an d longitudinal furrows'on rach isnotcoal escing basally as is the case in Sc.(Sc.) flabelliferu m (Gold- fuss), but extending to rim of rach is near its summit.
Fam ily Odontopleuridae Burmeiste r, 1843 Subfa mily Leo naspidinae Pr a ntl & Pri byl, 1949
Genus Leonaspis R. & E. Richt er, 1917 Subg en u s Leonaspis(Lconaspis)R. & E. Richte r 1917 Leon aspis (Lcon asp is) uiportei (Hawle & Corda), 1847
(fig. 4;pl. III,fig. 8)
1952. Acanthaloma (Acan thaloma) lap or t ei (Hawle & Cord a) ;H.K.Erben ,'Tr ilobiten aus dern Alter en Hercyn .... p. 289, te xt- fig. 44a, b;pI. 20, fig. II. 12 (w ith pre- vious synonymy) .
Mat erial. - 3cr anid ia preserved in marls (bed s Nos.6,7).
Dimensions of three speci m ens (in mm):
70
Length of cra nidium Width of cranidi u m
HALSZKA OSM6LSK A
1 7.5 11.0
2 7.0 13.0
3 4.5 8.0
Description. - Anterior border damaged ; an te r ior border furrow str a igh t, direct ed transversely; central part of glabella cylindrical, fron- tall y en large d and T-shap ed ; false glabe ll ar furrows parallel, running from occipital furrow to the anterior part of glabe ll a, but not extending to anterior border furrow;dorsal furrows div erging posteriorly ; occipital
i:
E
b
Fig. 4. - Leonaspis (Leonaspis ) [aportei (Hawle & Corda): a era- nid ium,la t er al vie w; b same spe -
cimen, anter ior view.
furr ow ar che d towar d the front ; two of the later al glab ell ar furrows (5, an d 52)directedobliquel y back wards ;lat er al lobes (L, and 1..2) oval sh ape d, the posterio r one (L,) larger than the media n (L2). The occipital ring ta- pered ab ruptly at the dor sal furrows, in the central portion provided with a long median spi ne ; the fixed cheek bou nded on the outsid e by a distinct furrow. Owing to uns a tisf ac tor y state of pres erv ation , the eye ridge as well as the palpebral lobe are not disce rnible. In longitudin al section the occipital rin g is br oad (sag.), the occip it al furrow extremely br oad (sag.) and dee p, the central part of gla bella: rises rather abruptly from occipital furrow and then descends gently to the anterior border furrow. In trans v ers e sec tion the crani diu m is faintly convex, the central par t of the gla be lla being gently convex, the later al lobes as high as the glabella, and the dors al furrows and false glabellar fur r ows extre mely br oad (tr.) an d modera tel y deep ly incised. Surface of gla bella, fixe d cheeks an d occipital spin e gran u late d.
Remarks. - Spe cimens of Leonaspis (Leonaspi s) laportei (Hawle
& Cor da), descr ibed by Hawle and Corda (1947) and by Barr an de (1852) fr om Lower Devon ian andIower part of the MiddleDevo n ian
