316 R. TAUBENSCHLAG
to a f u n d t h e proceeds of which were destined for p e r p e t u a l servi-ces, civil personality. T h e e t e r n a l bodies — such as gods, r o y a l t y , cities, priests or m u m m i f i e r s — h a d t h e possibility to resort t o t h e r i g h t of p r o p e r t y over this f u n d in order t o establish the execution of t h e dispositions m a d e f o r e t e r n i t y . Therefore, t h e execution of these dispositions was accomplished in t h e u s u a l m a n n e r of obliga-tions imposed on t h e above mentioned bodies.
F . A. H o o p e r , Data from Kom Abou Billou of the Length of Life in Greco-Roman Egypt (Chron. d'Egypte X X X I , No. 62 [1956] 332—338).
According t o a s t u d y published in 1945 b y M. H o m b e r t a n d C. P r é a u x , t h e average age a t d e a t h for persons living in E g y p t during t h e Greco-Roman period was a b o u t t h i r t y - t w o years. Their e s t i m a t e was b a s e d on t h e s u r v e y of 813 ages o b t a i n e d f r o m f u n e -r a -r y insc-riptions a n d m u m m y t i c k e t s -r a n g i n g in d a t e f -r o m t h e 3d c e n t u r y B.C. T h e a u t h o r gives n e w m a t e r i a l corroborating for-mer f i n d i n g s .
E . L. K a z a k e v i t c h , Termin δοΰλος i poniatie 'rab' v Afinakh IV υ. do п.е. [= The Term δοϋλος and rhe Notion of 'Slave' in Athens in the IV cent, before our era] ( Vestnik Drevney Istorii 1956 No. 3, 119—136).
T h e a u t h o r investigates t h e t e r m δοϋλος a n d similar ones. T h i s interesting dissertation will b e also of use for p a p y r o l o g i s t s .
W . L. W e s t e r m a n n , Upon the Slave Systems of Greek and Roman Antiquity (Symbnlaa R. Taubenschlag dedicatae I = Eos 48, 1
[1956] 19—25).
I n this article t h e a u t h o r gives a short s u m m a r y of his work published p o s t h u m o u s l y : The Slave Systems of Greek and Roman Anti-quity (The A m e r i c a n Philosophical Society, Philadelphia 1955). T h e article was sent h v the late Professor W e s t e r m a n n in a u t u m n 1954.
R . M a r t i n i , Mercenarius. Contribute alio studio dei rapporti di la-voro in diritto romano (Studi Senesi 48/49 [1956/7] fasc. 3—4, p . 214—290).
SURVEY OF LITERATURE 317
This dissertation, although romanistic, will also interest t h e papyrologists, because t h e mercenarius (in his narrower sense) = a person who in a house n o t of his own accomplishes all services ordered b y t h e proprietor, shows a great a f f i n i t y w i t h t h e παρα-μονάριος a figure whom we f i n d now a n d again in t h e p a p y r i (cf. m y article JJP 7/8, 182 ff.).
THE LAW GOVERNING DOMESTIC RELATIONS
J . K l i m a , Su un'analogia babilonese del Sc. Macedoniano: Con-tribute alia storia delle limitazioni délia capacità giuridica (Studi in on. U. E. Paoli, 4 3 3 ^ 1 4 1 ) .
According t o t h e a u t h o r , CB § 14 a t t e m p t e d to lend m o n e y t o a mâr awîlim la zi-zu, to a slave (and respectively t o a person who h a d a potestas familiaris over b o t h of t h e m ) . H e p r o v e s t h a t this idea appeared l a t e r in other systems of law, especially in A t t i c a n d in E g y p t i a n laws, a n d t h a t a t last it f o u n d its precise f o r m u l a t i o n in t h e f a m o u s Sc. Macedonianum.
R . Y a r o n , Aramaic Marriage Contracts from Elephantine (Journ. Sem. Stud. 3 (1) [1958] 1—39).
I n t h i s dissertation t h e a u t h o r examines in detail t h e Aramaic marriage c o n t r a c t s published b y C o w l e y in Aramaic Papyri of the 5th Century B.C. (A.P.) a n d b y K r a e l i n g in Brooklyn Museum Aramaic Papyri (P. Brooklyn). He discusses t h e various clauses into which t h e c o n t r a c t s can be divided, a n d t h e n t u r n s to some characteristic phrases occurring in t h e m . Finally he examines their historical b a c k g r o u n d a n d t h e law reflected in t h e m .
T h e dissertation will also interest t h e papyrologists as t h e early Greco-Egyptian marriage c o n t r a c t s show various affinities t o t h e earlier A r a m a i c d o c u m e n t s (cf. p . 23, 24, 25).
J . M o d r z e j e w s k i , Le droit de famille dans les lettres privées grec-ques d'Egypte (JJP 9—10 [1956] 339—364).
J . M o d r z e j e w s k i , Note sur P. Strasb. 237: Une contribution au problème de Γαγραφος et έγγραφος γάμος (Eos 48 fasc. 3 = Sym-bolae R. Taubenschlag dedicatae I I I [1957] 139—154).
