Redescription and new records of Ranunculiphilus pseudinclemens (D
i e c k m a n n, 1969), with a key to the species of the genus
(Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Ceutorhynchinae)
En z o Co l o n n e l l i1 and St a n i s ł a w Kn u t e l s k i2
1v ia d elle G iu n ch ig lie, 56, 00172 R om a, Italy; e-m ail: e n z o .c o lo n n e lli@ tin .it 2D ep artm en t o f E n to m o lo g y an d M o u n ta in S tation, Ja g ie llo n ia n U n iv e rsity , In g ard e n a 6,
3 0-060 K rak ó w , P o lan d ; e-m ail: k n u t@ z u k .iz .u j.e d u .p l (ad d re ss for co rre sp o n d en ce)
Ab s t r a c t. R a n u n c u lip h ilu s p se u d in c le m e n s (Di e c k m a n n, 1969) is re c o rd e d for th e firs t tim e fro m P o la n d an d S lo v ak ia. S h o rt n o te s on ta x o n o m y , e c o lo g y and d istrib u tio n o f th is sp ecies, as w e ll as a k e y to all m em b ers o f the g enus R a n u n c u lip h ilu s Di e c k m a n n, 1969 are also given.
K e y w o rd s: e n to m o lo g y , ta x o n o m y , C o le o p te ra , C u rc u lio n id a e , C e u to rh y n c h in a e , R a n u n c u lip h ilu s, k e y to sp ecies, new re c o rd s, P o lan d , S lo v ak ia, C z ech R epublic.
IN T R O D U C T IO N
The name Ranunculiphilus was first proposed by Wa g n e r (1944) as a subgenus of Ceutorhynchus Ge r m a r, 1824 to include three species: C. lycoctoni Hu s t a c h e, 1917, C. obscurus C. Br i s o u t, 1869 and C. faeculentus Gy l l e n h a l, 1837, all living on Ranunculaceae. Since Wa g n e r did not designate a type species, the above name is a nomen nudum according to the article 13.3 o f the Code (ICZN 1999). Di e c k m a n n (1969) became the author o f the name for he selected C. fa ecu lentus as the type species while keying the features that distinguish the subgenus Ranunculiphilus from other close Ceutorhynchini. Di e c k m a n n and Be h n e (1994) formally raised Ranunculiphilus Di e c k m a n n, 1969 to generic level, although already St r e j c e k (1993) had implicitly considered it a genus. These author’s opinion was followed by many others (Co l o n n e l l i 1994, 1998, 2003, 2004;
Ab b a z z i et al. 1995; Bu r a k o w s k i, Mr o c z k o w s k i & St e f a ń s k a 1997; Po d l u s s ä n y
620 E N ZO C O L O N N E L L I, S T A N IS Ł A W K N U T E L S K I
2001; Po i r a s 1998; Sc h o t t 2000). Meanwhile Ko r o t y a e v (1980) had described Austroceutorhynchus Ko r o t y a e v, 1980 as a subgenus of Ceutorhynchus for the single type species C. italicus C. Br i s o u t, 1869, and Ab b a z z i et al. (1995) raised it also to generic level. Two years later Ko r o t y a e v (1997) downgraded both Ranunculiphilus and Austroceutorhynchus to subgenera o f Prisistus Re i t t e r, 1916 on the base o f supposed homologous structures. In the same article he (Ko r o t y a e v 1997) predicted also that the host plant o f the single member o f Austroceutorhynchus would most probably be a member o f Ranunculaceae, since this weevil was collected on Consolida (Ko r o t y a e v & Ch o l o k a v a 1989), and indeed Co l o n n e l l i (2004) indicated the finding o f this species on Consolida arvensis Op i z. However, the few species o f Prisistus for which we have biological data live on members o f Liliaceae, and this, in addition to the differences from Prisistus firstly mentioned in Co l o n n e l l i (1998) and then keyed by him (Co l o n n e l l i
2004), forced this author to give again generic rank to Ranunculiphilus (Co l o n n e l l i
1998). The six members of Ranunculiphilus were assigned by Co l o n n e l l i (2004) to the two subgenera R. (Ranunculiphilus) and R. (Austroceutorhynchus). Thus at present the nominotypical subgenus contains five species and the subgenus Austroceutorhynchus includes only one species.
The recent finding of R. pseudinclemens in Poland and in Slovakia gives us the opportunity o f discussing the position o f this taxon and o f providing some biological and distributional notes.
Ranunculiphilus (Ranunculiphilus') pseudinclem ens (Di e c k m a n n, 1969) Ma t e r i a l e x a m i n e d
Poland: Tatra National Park, Western Tatra Mountains (7 km SW Zakopane), Wantule, 49°15'08N,9"N 19°53'43,6"E, 1650 m above sea level, 4.VIII.2004, 78 specimens collected by P. Białooki, E. Colonnelli, S. Knutelski, P. Sprick, R. Stejskal. New record for the Polish fauna.
Slovakia: “ Slovakia s. e., Jihoslovensky kras, Plesivecka planina, Ing.
J. Fremuth lgt., 5 Km N Plesivec, (7488) 680 m, 48.36N 20.25E, 28.V.1998”, six specimens. New record for the Slovakian fauna.
Czech Republic: “M oravia bor., Hruby Jesenik, V. Kotlina, B. Malec leg., 1.VIII.1981” and “M oravia bor., Hruby Jesenik Mts., 35 Km NW Bruntal, Ing.
B. Malec leg., Karlov p. Prad. (5969), 50 05N 17 12E, Velka Kotlina, 10.IX.1996” . De s c r i p t i o n
Body blackish, rather dull, coarsely punctured; extreme base o f tibiae, lateral and under sides o f anterior margin o f prothorax and claws dark ferrous-red.
Dorsal vestiture on head and pronotum consisting o f almost recumbent brownish and dirty-whitish hairs pointing backward on head and toward the midline o f pronotum. Elytral intervals each with three irregular rows o f hairs, a little thinner than those on pronotum. Under side covered with sparse recumbent narrowly
1-9. D o rsal v iew of: R a n u n c u lip h ilu s p se u d in c le m e n s (Di e c k.) m ale fro m P o lan d : W estern T a tra W an tu le (1); R. in clem en s (Fa u s t) fem ale fro m K aza k h stan : T a ld i-K u lg a n (2); R. fa e c u le n tu s (Gy l l.) m ale fro m H u n g aria: S zeged (3); R. italicus (C. Br i s.) m ale fro m A rm en ia: Je rev a n (7); R.
ly c o c to n i (Hu s t.) m a le fro m G erm any: G u ld en fin g en b ei U lm (8); R. o b sc u ru s (C. Br i s.) m ale from G reece: K av o s Ishtm fas (9). A e d ea g u s o f R. p se u d in c le m e n s fro m Slovakia: P le siv e c k a p la n in a (4).
P ro n o tu m an d b ase o f ely tra of: R . p se u d in c le m e n s fem ale fro m P o lan d : W estern T atra-W an tu le (5);
R. in clem en s (Fa u s t) fem ale fro m K a z a k h stan : T a ld i-K u lg an (6). Scale b ars: a = m m 1 (fig s 1, 2, 3, 7, 8, 9); b = m m 0.5 (fig 4); c = m m 0.7 (fig s 5, 6)
622 E N ZO C O L O N N E L L I, S T A N IS Ł A W K N U T E L S K I
triangular and hair like milk-white scales that are more condensed on mesepimera.
Legs with half-lifted sparse hair-like brownish and light grayish scales that are thicker on femoral teeth. Rostrum o f males not clearly shorter than that o f females, its length varying from 1.06 to 1.13 the length o f pronotum, thick, strongly and regularly curved, very slightly tapering at apex in side view and slightly widened apically in dorsal view, coarsely and finely punctured to very near the apex in males and only less strong so apicad o f antennal insertion in females, faintly bisulcate laterally basad of antennal insertion in both sexes; dorsum o f rostrum slightly angulated at the level o f antennal insertion. Antenna quite robust, inserted 0.41-0.44 times the rostral length apicad o f antennal insertion in males and 0.36
0.40 times in females; scape almost straight, gently clubbed; funiculus 7-jointed;
joints 1 and 2 elongate, the first thicker; desmomeres 3 to 6 slightly diminishing in length and longer than wide; desmomere 7 rounded and usually not transverse;
club large, elongate fusiform, somewhat longer than joints 4-7 together. Front slightly impressed. Eyes lateral, transversely oval, a little convex. Pronotum 0.80
0.83 as long as wide, widest just apicad o f mesepimera near base, more or less triangularly constricted at apex, base very faintly bisinuate and marginate, sides slightly to moderately curved. Disc flattened, punctures very coarse, large, antero
lateral depressions evident, fore margin moderately elevated, dorsal sulcus fairly deep and complete, lateral tubercles quite strong. Elytra 0.85-0.9 as long as wide, rather flat on disc and moderately convex elsewhere, widest ju st basad o f middle, sides slightly and uniformly curved up to preapical tubercles, humeral calli moderate, preapical ones formed by series o f small rasp-like tubercles. Striae nearly straight at base, deeply sulciform, punctures o f the bottom with excessively thin hairs difficult to see. Intervals about 1.5 times wider than striae, faintly convex, with spaced transverse wrinkles and flat granules. Legs robust; femora somewhat clubbed, all with minute tooth; tibiae slightly bisinuate, a little widen
ing toward apex. Tarsi short, claws appendiculate. Length: 2.31-2.60 mm.
Aedeagus: Fig. 4. See also Figs 1 and 5.
Di s t r i b u t i o n
Ranunculiphilus pseudinclemens was described upon a male and a female.
The male holotype (examined in 1995 by the first author) was labeled “Altv.”, and D ieckm ann - although suspecting that this was the abbreviated name o f
“Altvatergebirge” in M oravia - was induced to believe that the specimen came instead from a supposed locality o f “A lty” somewhere in Central Asia because the female paratype was labeled “Aulie-ata” (presently Dzhambul) in Kazakhstan (Di e c k m a n n 1969: 49). St r e j c e k (1976), however, published the finding o f R. pseudinclemens exactly in M oravia (Hruby Jesenik, the present name o f Altvatergebirge). None o f the subsequent authors (Ba j t e n o v 1974; Ko r o t y a e v
1980, Lo h s e 1983, St r e j c e k 1993) added any new findings, except Co l o n n e l l i
(2004) who reported the species also from Turkmenistan on the basis o f a female example collected in the untraced locality o f “Transcaspia: Saramsakli”, and
preserved in the Naturhistorisches Museum in Vienna. Therefore R. pseudinclemens should have disjunctive distribution, being known from the central European regions o f Moravia, Slovakia and Polish Western Tatra, and from the central Asian countries o f Turkmenistan and south-eastern Kazakhstan. It appears, how
ever, extremely doubtful that R. pseudinclemens was actually collected in Asia, since the main characters given by Di e c k m a n n (1969: 34) to separate it from the close R. inclemens (Fa u s t, 1888) are the shape o f pronotum and that of elytra, both o f which are somewhat variable and cannot be safely used for a correct identification o f single females. This is the reason for which we conditionally refer the Asian localities to R. inclemens with a question mark in the key below.
The distribution o f R. pseudinclemens is shown on Fig. 10.
Ec o l o g y
Specimens from Wantule were apparently beaten off Aconitum napellus L.
subsp. firm um (Rc h b.) Ga y e r. That Ranunculaceae grew in a narrow strip o f the W est-Carpathian vegetation o f calcareous scree below a vertical SW facing cliff.
Aconitum napellus subsp. firm um was associated, among other plants, with a much less common member of the same family, Delphinium oxysepalum Bo r b a s
& Pa x - Western Carpathians Endemic, on which plant possibly at least some adults were also collected. Note that St r e j c e k (1976) reported the finding o f R. pseudinclemens on Delphinium elatum L., surely the subspecies elatum L. that only grows in Hruby Jesenik area, according to Do s t a l (1989).
10. D istrib u tio n o f R a n u n c u lip h ilu s p se u d in c le m e n s
624 E N ZO C O L O N N E L L I, S T A N IS Ł A W K N U T E L S K I K E Y TO T H E S PEC IE S
We propose here a new key to the species o f Ranunculiphilus to facilitate their recognition, also considering that Sm r e c z y ń s k i (1974) did not include R. pseudinclemens in Polish Ceutorhynchinae.
The key below slightly modifies that by Di e c k m a n n (1969), and should allow, used in combination with the one by that author, recognition o f all species o f Ranunculiphilus described to date. Members o f this genus are chiefly separated from Prisistus Re i t t e r, 1916 by the antennae inserted apicad o f midpoint o f rostrum , the much thicker rostrum , the structure o f the claws which are appendiculate rather than dentate (that is bifid almost from base), the unci o f male hind tibiae more or less sharp, the patch o f whitish scales on elytral interval 6 very weak or wanting - except in R. italicus (C. Br i s o u t, 1869), which has a kind o f undulate transverse stripe from scutellar region to elytral sides. Species o f Prisistus
11-16. L ateral v iew of: R a n u n c u lip h ilu s lyco cto n i (Hu s t.) m ale fro m G erm any: G u ld en fin g en bei U lm (11); R. fa e c u le n tu s (Gy l l.) m ale fro m Italy: A le s sa n d ria (12); R. in clem en s (F .) fem ale fro m K a z a k h stan : T ald i-K u lg an (13); R. p se u d in c le m e n s (Di e c k.) m ale fro m P oland: W estern T a tra W an tu le (14); R. o b sc u ru s (C. Br i s.) m ale fro m G reece: K av o s Ishtm fas (15); P risistu s b isc u te lla tu s
(Ch e v r.) m ale fro m Spain: S ierra de B aza (16). Scale bar: m m 1
have antennae not inserted apicad o f midpoint o f rostrum, rostrum much thinner (fig. 16), unci o f male hind tibiae spatulate (sometimes weakly so), claws dentate (that is tooth starting from a more or less short distance from base), elytral pattern usually more definite. Structure o f the head and prothorax, and aedeagal shape of all members o f Ranunculiphilus - and o f several ones o f Prisistus - is rather similar to that o f the species o f the genus Glocianus Re i t t e r 1916, and a future phylogenetic revision of Ceutorhynchini may prove that both Ranunculiphilus and Prisistus are its close relatives.
1. Apex o f elytra reddish posteriad o f preapical tubercles. Dorsal vestiture of rough, semi-erect hair-like scales. Yellowish hair-like scaled scutellar spot hastate, its arms obliquely extended laterally towards, and often connected to, the arched line o f intervals six to nine (Fig. 7). On Consolida. Morocco, Tunisia, Spain, France, Italy, Slovenia, Croatia, Bulgaria, Hungary, Cyprus, Turkey, Russia, Georgia, Armenia, Azerbaijan, Iran, Syria, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan...R. (Austroceutorhynchus) italicus (C. Br i s o u t, 1869).
- . Apex o f elytra b la c k is h ...2.
2. Raised anterior margin o f prothorax in frontal view nearly equal in width to antennal club (Figs 9, 15). Tarsi yellowish-orange or ferrous-red. Body plump. On Delphinium. Morocco, Tunisia, Portugal, Spain, Germany, Bul
garia, Croatia, Yugoslavia, G reece...
...R. (Ranunculiphilus) obscurus (C. Br i s o u t, 1869) - . Width of raised anterior margin o f prothorax in frontal view much less than
that of antennal club (Figs 11-14). Tarsi red-brown or piceous, tarsal joint 3 usually p a le r... 3.
3. Elytra less flattened on disc, with apical declivity more abruptly sloping in lateral view (Fig. 11), and sides curved and obviously converging toward preapical tubercles so that elytra are here much narrower than at base (Fig. 8).
On Aconitum. Alpine zone o f France, Switzerland and Germany ...
... R. (Ranunculiphilus) lycoctoni (Hu s t a c h e, 1917) - . Elytra obviously flat on disc, apical declivity more gently sloping in lateral
view (Figs 12-14), sides usually gently converging toward preapical tubercles so that elytra are here not much narrower than at b a s e ... 4.
4. Elytral sides faintly converging toward preapical tubercles so that elytra are not evidently narrower at the level o f preapical tubercles than at base, and appear flattened, subrectangular in shape (Fig. 3). Preapical tubercles strong, formed by several minute granules. A trace o f small pale patch always visible on basal third o f interspace 6 among the nebulose pattern o f elytra. Female rostrum much less coarsely punctured than the male one, apicad o f antennal insertion shiny. On Consolida. Spain, France, Italy, Austria, Germany, Czech Republic, Slovakia, Poland, Hungary, Croatia, Yugoslavia, Macedonia, Bul
garia, Romania, Moldavia, Ukraine, Russia, Turkey, Georgia, Armenia, Azerbaijan, Iran, Turkm enistan...
... R. (Ranunculiphilus) faeculentus (Gy l l e n h a l, 1837)
626 E N ZO C O L O N N E L L I, S T A N IS Ł A W K N U T E L S K I
- . Elytral sides curved and obviously converging toward preapical tubercles so that elytra are clearly narrower at the level o f preapical tubercles than at base (Figs 1, 2). Elytra less flattened, trapezoidal. Usually the patch on basal third o f interspace 6 is wanting or very difficult to see among the nebulose pattern o f elytra. Female rostrum slightly less coarsely punctured than male one, its anterior part rather d u ll... 5.
5. Elytral striae at base clearly curved so that odd intervals are here much wider that even ones (Fig 6). Interspaces flat, much more than 1.5 times wider than the thin striae. Punctures o f disc o f pronotum and elytra rather smooth so that integument is quite shiny. Elytra more flat, their sides more converging toward preapical tubercles. Nebulose pattern o f elytra obvious. Ecology unknown. Siberia, Turkmenistan, Kazakhstan, northern China ...
... R. (Ranunculiphilus) inclemens (Fa u s t, 1888) - . Elytral striae at base only slightly curved so that odd intervals are here just a
little wider than even ones (Fig. 7). Interspaces a little convex, about 1.5 times wider than the deep striae. Punctures o f disc o f pronotum and elytra coarse so that integument quite dull. Elytra slightly convex, their sides softly curved toward preapical tubercles. Nebulose pattern o f elytra very faint. On D el
phinium and Aconitum. Czech Republic, Slovakia, P o la n d ...
... R. (Ranunculiphilus) pseudinclemens (Di e c k m a n n, 1969) Ac k n o w l e d g e m e n t s
We gratefully thank all colleagues who helped us in collecting material, gave us assistance during visits in museums, and shared specimens with us: Gabriel
Al z i a r, M usee d'H istoire N aturelle, N ice, France; Lutz Be h n e, Deutsches
Entomologische Institut, Berlin, Germany; Piotr Bi a ł o o k i, Sopot, Poland; Jan
Fr e m u t h, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic; Joachim Rh e i n h e i m e r, Ludwigshafen,
Germany; Heiner Sc h ö n m a n n, Naturhistorisches Museum, Vienna, Austria; Peter
Sp r i c k, Hannover, Germany, and Robert St e j s k a l, Department o f Forest Botany,
Dendrology and Geobiocenology, Brno, Czech Republic.
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