The Kościuszko Foundation
i
T H E SECOND ANNUAL R EPO R 't OF THE EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR
1927-1928
The Kościuszko Foundation
FOR MEMORIAL SCHOLARSHIPS AND THE PROM OTION OF INTELLECTUAL AND CULTURAL RELATIONS BETWEEN
POLAND AND THE UNITED STATES
9 5 3 T h i r d A v e n u e N e w Y o r k C i t y
O F F I C E R S
He n r y No b l e M a cCr a c k e n Pa u l M o n r o e ...
W i l l i s H . Bo o t h...
. . . .President Vice-President . . . . Treasurer Guaranty Trust Company of New York
St e p h e n P . M i z w a Secretary and Executive Director
B O A R D of T R U S T E E S
W i l l i s H . B o o t h C e d r i c E. F a u n t l e r o y
H e n r y No b l e Ma cCr a c k e n St e p h e n P . M i z w a
J o h n H . F i n l e y
A. L. H u m p h r e y
Pa u l M o n r o e C . W . Sy p n i e w s k i Sa m u e l M . Va u c l a i n
The Kościuszko Foundation
SECOND ANNUAL REPORT
1927-1928
THE SECOND ANNUAL REPORT OF THE EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR
1 9 2 7 - 1 9 2 8 'K.'W .
T o th e B o a r d of T r u s t e e s of th e K o ś c iu s z k o F o u n d a tio n . G e n t l e m e n :
I his r e p o r t c o v e rs so m e of th e m o r e i m p o r t a n t a c tiv itie s of th e K o ś c iu s z k o F o u n d a t i o n for th e fiscal v e a r fr o m Ju lv 1,
1927 to J u n e 30, 1928. ' " '
I. S C H O L A R S
D u r i n g th e school y e a r 1927-28 th e r e w e r e n in e s c h o la rs s t u d y i n g on t h e s c h o la r s h ip s o r u n d e r th e a u s p ic e s of th e F o u n d a tion. E ig h t, i. e. f o u r y o u n g m e n a n d f o u r y o u n g w o m e n , w e re from P o l a n d s t u d y i n g in th e U n ite d S t a t e s a n d one y o u n g A m e r ican w a s s t u d y i n g in P o la n d .
T h r e e of th e fo u r P o lis h y o u n g ladies, one a t V a s s a r ; one a t B r y n M a w r a n d one a t W e lle s le y , h a v e b e e n giv en b y th e colleges th e m s e lv e s s c h o la r s h ip s p a y i n g tu itio n , b o a r d a n d room . The F o u n d a t i o n o n l y p aid for th e ir t r a n s p o r t a t i o n e x p e n s e s to th e U n i t e d S ta te s. T o th e s e colleges we h e r e b y e x p r e s s t h a n k s for th e ir g e n e r o u s c o o p e ra tio n .
I n a d d itio n to t h e n in e s c h o la rs t h e r e w e r e n in e a p p re n tic e s , o u r f o r m e r s ch o lars, w h o u p o n th e c o m p le tio n of t h e i r a c a d e m ic t r a i n i n g h a v e r e m a in e d in th e U n i t e d S ta te s for p e rio d s v a r y i n g from se v e ra l m o n t h s to t w o y e a r s in o r d e r to o b t a i n p ra c tic a l e x p e rie n c e in t h e i r re s p e c tiv e fields of in te re s t. S o m e of th e m h a v e h eld r e s p o n s ib le e x e c u tiv e p o s itio n s. .
T h e list of s c h o la rs fo llo w s :
1. H e le n B iliń sk a, fro m t h e U n i v e r s i t y of L w o w , a t W e ll e s l e y College. S e c o n d y e a r. F ie ld s of s t u d y E n g l i s h , F r e n c h a n d P sy c h o lo g y .
2. R ose G o d le w sk a , fro m t h e W a r s a w S chool of B u sin e ss, at V a s s a r College. S e c o n d y e a r. E n g l i s h , E c o n o m ic s a n d H i s to r y . R e t u r n e d to P o l a n d a n d a s s u m e d p o sitio n in t h e M in is t r y of T r a d e a n d I n d u s t r y .
3. J o s e p h J a s t a k , fro m th e U n i v e r s i t y of P o z n a n , a t C o lu m b ia T e a c h e r s College. Seco n d year. E d u c a tio n , E d u c a t i o n a l P s y c h o lo g y a n d M e t h o d s of T e a c h in g .
4. M a r y M o r z k o w s k a , f r o m th e U n i v e r s i t y of W a r s a w , in I o w a S ta te A g r i c u l t u r a l College a t A m es. S e c o n d y e a r th e re . D o m e s tic Science. R eceiv ed M. S. d e g re e a n d w a s g r a n t e d R o c k e fe lle r F e llo w s h ip for 6 m o n t h s to s t u d y h o s p ita l w o r k a n d d ietetics. I n F e b r u a r y , 1929, is to a s s u m e d u tie s as d ie ti
tia n a t th e W a r s a w S chool of N u r s i n g . ( T h i s school w a s fo u n d e d b y an A m e r ic a n , M iss H e le n B rid g e .)
5. F r a n k N a lb o r, g r a d u a t e of T e a c h e r s College a t S te v e n s P o in t, W ise., a n d of th e A r t I n s t i t u t e of C hicago, s p e n t a y e a r s t u d y
in g A r t a t t h e U n i v e r s i t y of K r a k o w . F o r 1928-29 o b ta in e d a p o sitio n as t e a c h e r of A r t in a C le v e la n d ( O h io ) H i g h
• School.
6. N ic h o la s O lekiew icz, fro m th e U n i v e r s i t y of W a r s a w , at C o lu m b ia U n i v e r s i t y T e a c h e r s College. F o u r t h year, C a n d i
d a te fo r P h . D. deg ree. E d u c a t i o n a l P s y c h o l o g y a n d M e th o d s of R e s e a r c h a n d S ta tistic s.
7. M a r y P a t k a n i o w s k a , from th e U n i v e r s i t y of K r a k o w , a t B r y n M a w r College. F i r s t year. E n g lis h a n d A m e r i c a n L it e r a t u r e . F o r 1928-29 w a s g r a n t e d a s c h o la r s h ip b y t h e B ritis h F e d e r a tion of U n i v e r s i t y W o m e n , th e C a n a d ia n B r a n c h , for s tu d y in L o n d o n .
8. S te fa n ia P o to c k a , a g r a d u a t e of t h e W a r s a w School of N u r s in g a n d a g r a d u a t e s t u d e n t in h o s p ita l a d m i n i s t r a t i o n a t B e d f o r d C ollege ( U n i v e r s i t y of L o n d o n ) , s tu d ie d N u r s i n g at W a l t e r R e e d H o s p i t a l in W a s h i n g t o n (one y e a r ) a n d as g'uest of th e A m e r ic a n A r m y visited a n u m b e r of m i l i t a r y a n d n a v a l h o s p ita ls s t u d y i n g h o s p ita l w o r k an d a d m in is tr a tio n . R e t u r n
ed to P o l a n d a n d a s s u m e d t h e p o s itio n of Chief N u r s e in th e l e a d in g h o s p ita l ( “S z p ita l LTja z d o w s k i ”) in W a r s a w .
9. C a s im e r S tu d e n to w ic z , fro m th e U n i v e r s i t y of K r a k o w , at C o lu m b ia U n i v e r s i t y School of B u sin ess. S e c o n d y e a r. B a n k i n g — t h e o r y an d p ra c tic e — a n d b a n k i n g m e th o d s . I n s p a re tim e w o r k e d in a n u m b e r of N e w Y o r k b a n k s. R e t u r n e d to P o l a n d a n d a s s u m e d position in th e E c o n o m ic B a n k of P o la n d a t W a r s a w .
T h ree
I I . I N D U S T R I A L A P P R E N T I C E S H I P S
F u lly as i m p o r t a n t as s t u d e n t e x c h a n g e , p e r h a p s m o r e so, is th e p r o g r a m of i n d u s tr ia l a n d b u s in e s s a p p r e n tic e s h ip w h ic h th e F o u n d a t i o n i n a u g u r a t e d d u r i n g th e p a s t fiscal year. I t is a lm o s t an u n iv e rs a l op in io n of th e P o lis h le a d e rs in v a rio u s fields t h a t w h a t th e n e w P o l a n d n e e d s m o s t is y o u n g m e n t r a i n e d in A m e ric a — especially in b u sin e ss, b a n k i n g a n d i n d u s t r y . P o lis h te c h n ic a l schools h a v e giv en th e i r g r a d u a t e s e x c e lle n t th e o r e tic a l training', b u t these y o u n g m e n a re lo o k in g u p to A m e r ic a as a c o u n t r y w h e r e t h e y can b e s t o b ta in p ra c tic a l ex p erien ce. Besides, P o lis h in d u s tr ie s a re i m p o r t i n g A m e r i c a n m a c h i n e r y in in c r e a s in g q u a n titie s . I t th e r e f o r e b e c o m e s d esirab le, if n o t n e c e ssa ry , for t h e p l a n t m a n a g e r s to com e to A m e r ic a a n d see, t h r o u g h a c tu a l w o rk in th e shop, h o w th e s e m a c h i n e s a re c o n s t r u c t e d an d h o w t h e y can be efficiently o p e ra te d .
T o b eg in w ith ( w ith th r e e n o ta b le e x c e p tio n s ) th e F o u n d a tion h as lim ite d t h e p r o g r a m of a p p r e n t i c e s h i p to its f o r m e r s c h o l
a rs w h o h a v e s p e n t a t le a s t one y e a r a t an A m e r i c a n h i g h e r in s t i t u t i o n of l e a r n in g a n d a c q u ir e d t h e n e c e s s a r y k n o w le d g e of E n g lis h as w ell as som e g e n e r a l in f o r m a tio n of A m e r i c a n m e t h ods in th e ir re s p e c tiv e fields. T h e s e s t u d e n t - a p p r e n t i c e s w e r e :
1. W a l t e r Bielecki, w i t h H a ls e y , S t u a r t a n d Co. in C hicago.
R e t u r n e d to P o l a n d a n d a s s u m e d p o sitio n in t h e B a n k of P o la n d a t W a r s a w .
2. J o h n C e n d e r, s t u d y i n g p a r t - t i m e in N e w Y o r k U n i v e r s i t y a n d w o r k i n g w ith e x p o r t i n g a n d i m p o r t i n g firms.
3. A d a m G o sto m sk i, w ith M o o d y ’s. I n v e s t o r s Service. W a s also s e c r e ta r y to M r. W a l l a c e C la rk o n t h e K e m m e r e r M ission to P o la n d .
4. T h a d d e u s K u b ic z e k , w i t h P i t t s b u r g h Coal Co. as m i n i n g e n gineer. R e t u r n e d to P o l a n d a n d b e c a m e A s s i s t a n t to G e n eral M a n a g e r in a P o lis h S t a t e M in e in U p p e r Silesia.
5. W . J. M ic h e jd a , h a v i n g b e e n for t w o y e a r s w i t h W e s t o n , D o d s o n a n d Co. (a co llie ry ), lately as S pecial A s s i s t a n t to th e G e n e ra l M a n a g e r , r e t u r n e d to P o l a n d to a s s u m e an i m p o r t a n t b u s in e s s p o sitio n as a r e p r e s e n t a t i v e of an A m e r i c a n firm in P o la n d , th e S u lliv a n M a c h in e r y Co.
6. T h a d d e u s S. Szwabowie?: a m i n i n g e n g in e e r, w ith Bell V ie w Oil S y n d ic a te a t L o n g B e a c h F ie ld in C alifornia.
7. J o h n J. T ic h y , a m e c h a n ic a l e n g in e e r, w i t h t h e C h e v ro le t M o t o r Co.
8. W . W r z e s i e ń , a civil e n g in e e r w h o o b ta in e d his d e g re e w ith d is tin c tio n a t C o lu m b ia U n i v e r s i t y , w i t h R o l a n d P a r k C o n s t r u c t i o n Co. in B a ltim o re .
9. M. Z lo w o d z k i, a m e c h a n ic a l e n g in e e r , w i t h th e C h e v ro le t M o to r Co. R e t u r n e d to P o l a n d a n d a s s u m e d a p o sitio n w ith t h e G iesche Zinc Co. (of th e A n a c o n d a C o p p e r M i n i n g Co.) in U p p e r Silesia.
Four
T h e t h r e e e x c e p tio n s — a p p r e n tic e s w h o w e r e n o t f o r m e r s c h o la rs of th e F o u n d a t i o n — re fe rre d to above, a r e :
1. G e o rg e O c h e n d u s z k o , w ith th e C h e v ro le t M o t o r Co.
2. D. T ilg n e r , w ith G y p s u m C a n n i n g Co., a n d A r m o u r a n d Co. in Chicago.
3. L. L a d o s , s tu d ie d th e m e th o d s of g r a in in th e M iddle W e s t , t h a n k s to th e c o o p e ra tio n of th e B u r e a u of A g r i c u l t u r e in W a s h i n g t o n .
I I I . G E O R G E , W A S H I N G T O N S C H O L A R S H I P . O n O c t o b e r 17, 1927, t h e A m e r ic a n people c e le b r a te d th e 150th a n n i v e r s a r y of th e V i c t o r y a t S a r a to g a . In v iew of th e fact t h a t K o śc iu s z k o , as C olonel of E n g i n e e r s in th e A r m y of th e N o r t h , s elected a n d fortified B e h m is H e i g h t s a t S a r a to g a , t h u s d ir e c tly c o n t r i b u t i n g to t h e v ic to r y t h a t p ro v e d to be th e t u r n i n g p o in t in th e A m e r ic a n R e v o lu tio n , t h e F o u n d a t i o n s e n t a four- p a g e i l l u s t r a t e d b o o k le t o n K o ś c iu s z k o a n d th e F o u n d a t i o n b e a r i n g his n a m e to all th e p rin c ip a ls of p r iv a te s e c o n d a r y schools a n d to all school s u p e r i n t e n d e n t s in cities a n d t o w n s h a v i n g a p o p u la tio n of 5000 o r m o r e t h r o u g h o u t t h e U n i t e d S ta te s , ov er 8000 in all, w i t h a s u g g e s tio n t h a t t h e m a te r ia l m a y be of use to t e a c h e r s of A m e r i c a n H i s t o r y a n d Civics. So g r e a t w a s th e i n t e r e s t in t h is leaflet t h a t n e a r ly fo u r h u n d r e d p rin c ip a ls a n d school s u p e r i n t e n d e n t s , from all th e S ta te s of th e U n i o n w ith t h e e x c e p tio n of N e w M exico a n d N e v a d a , a s k e d for ov er 20,000 a d d itio n a l copies t o be d i s t r i b u t e d a m o n g t e a c h e r s of t h e i r r e sp e c tiv e schools. T h u s h u n d r e d s of t h o u s a n d s of school children h a v e b een to ld of K o ś c iu s z k o a n d his p a r t in t h e A m e r ic a n R e v o lu tio n .
I n c o n ju n c tio n w i t h th is e d u c a tio n a l p ro g ra n i, $702.84 w e re ra ise d , m o s t l y in p en n ie s a n d sm all c o n tr ib u tio n s , b y th e school c h ild re n of A m e r i c a ( a n d te a c h e r s in a few in s ta n c e s ) for th e e n d o w m e n t of a G e o rg e W a s h i n g t o n S c h o la rs h ip of th e K o ś c iu s z k o F o u n d a t i o n in re c o g n itio n of th e frie n d s h ip t h a t ex isted b e tw e e n t h e t w o p a trio ts . D u e to th e a lm o s t u n iv e rs a l p ro h ib itio n of m o n e y - r a i s i n g efforts a m o n g p u b lic school children, th e a m o u n t t h u s ra is e d m a y be r e g a r d e d as a n e n c o u r a g i n g e x p re ssio n of in t e r e s t in o u r w o rk . T h e b y - p r o d u c t of m o r a l g a in s is fa r m o re sig n ific a n t t h a n th e financial re su lts. T h e U n i t e d P r e s s s t o r y on th is topic, w i t h a p p r o p r i a t e illu s tr a tio n s , w a s c a rrie d b y n e a rly t w o h u n d r e d p a p e r s t h r o u g h o u t th e c o u n tr y . A n u m b e r of p a p e r s h a d special f e a tu r e stories.
F iv r
IV . B O O K S O N P O L A N D ’S C U L T U R E
W i t h i n th e p a s t fiscal y e a r th e F o u n d a t i o n se c u re d froni its frien d s th e s u m of $100 for th e p u rp o s e of a id in g in th e p u b lic a tion of a bo o k on “K o n a r s k i - P r e c e p t o r of P o l a n d , ’ b y D'r.
W illia m J. R o se of D a r t m o u t h College. T h e book, w h ic h is a sc h o la r ly piece of w o r k an d for t h a t re a s o n of lim ite d m a r k e t , g r e w o u t of th e d o c t o r ’s th e s is w r i t t e n b y P ro f. R o se a t th e U n i v e r s i t y of K r a k o w . I t deals e x h a u s tiv e ly w ith th e e d u c a tio n a l re f o r m s in P o l a n d in th e s eco n d h a lf of th e 18th c e n tu r y w h e n S ta n is la w K o n a r s k i o rg a n iz e d th e first M i n i s t r y of e d u c a tio n on th e C o n t i n e n t of E u r o p e . T h e b o o k will a p p e a r fro m
p re s s sh o rtly .
Prof. E r i c P. K e lly , of th e E n g l i s h D e p a r t m e n t a t D a r t m o u t h College, th e first A m e r ic a n P r o f e s s o r to go to P o l a n d u n d e r th e a u sp ices of th e F o u n d a t i o n , w r o t e a b o o k in th e fo rm of a n h is to ric a l no v el (p u b lis h e d b y t h e M a c M illa n Co.) e n title d
“T h e T r u m p e t e r of K r a k o w . ” I t deals w i t h th e life of th e a n c ie n t city of K r a k o w in fifteenth c e n t u r y P o la n d , th e u n i v e r s i t y a n d its s c h o la rs p l a y i n g a c o n sp ic u o u s role.
T h e b o o k is b e i n g re v ie w e d e x te n s iv e ly a n d e n th u s ia s tic - ally. A n n e C arro ll M o o re, a lib r a r ia n a n d a u th o r , say s in th e N e w Y o r k H e r a l d T r i b u n e t h a t M r. K e lly “ re v e a ls a fine i n t u i tive u n d e r s t a n d i n g of th e c h a r a c t e r of th e people as w ell as th e c arefu l r e s e a r c h of th e s c h o l a r . . . V is u a liz in g in full detail th e w h o le period, he h a s so d r a m a t i z e d it as to m a k e it live for th e r e a d e r as an a b s o r b i n g s t o r y in w h ic h all e le m e n ts of th e c i t y ’s life ta k e rin th e r ic h e s t local c o lo r.”
V. T E N T H A N N I V E R S A R Y O F P O L A N D ’S I N D E P E N D E N C E
T h e o u t s t a n d i n g social e v e n t of th e y e a r w a s t h e P a d e r e w s k i D i n n e r — g iv e n in h o n o r of H i s E x c e lle n c y I g n a c e J a n P a u e - re w s k i on M a y 16, 1928, on t h e o ccasion of th e t e n t h a n n i v e r s a r y of th e I n d e p e n d e n c e of P o la n d . T h i s e v e n t w a s h eld u n d e r th e au sp ic e s of th e F o u n d a t i o n an d of a n a tio n a l re p r e s e n ta tiv e c o m m itte e h e a d e d b y H e r b e r t H o o v e r a n d w a s a t t e n d e d b y 600 perso n s.
I n c o n j u n c t i o n w i t h t h i s d in n e r t h e F o u n d a t i o n p u b lis h e d a 4 8 -p ag e ill u s t r a t e d b o o k le t, 5000 copies, e n title d “ P a d e r e w s k i, H i s C o u n t r y a n d I t s R e c e n t P r o g r e s s . ” T h e title in d ic a te s t h e n a t u r e an d scope of th e c o n te n t. Copies w e r e d is tr ib u te d to g u e s t s a t t h e d i n n e r ; also s e n t to 700 college a n d u n iv e r s ity lib ra rie s a n d to all l a r g e r public lib ra rie s in th e c o u n tr y .
Six
Also, on th is occasion th e F o u n d a t i o n p r e s e n te d to Mr.
P a d e r e w s k i a h a n d s o m e ly b o u n d v o lu m e of in d iv id u a l t r ib u te s , each h e a d e d b y a
'“G R E E T IN G TO IGNACE JAN P A D E R E W S K I ON T H E T E N T H A N N IVERSARY O F T H E IN D E P E N D E N C E O F PO L A N D ” fro m t w o h u n d r e d r e p r e s e n t a t i v e A m e r i c a n s a n d o r g a n i z a t i o n s — in c lu d in g th e P r e s i d e n t a n d V ic e - P r e s i d e n t of th e U n i t e d S ta te s , m e m b e r s of t h e cab in et, h i g h officers of th e A r m y , tw e n t y - f o u r
G o v e rn o rs , e m in e n t s c h o la rs a n d h e a d s of e d u c a tio n a l i n s t i t u tions, p r o m i n e n t b u s in e s s m e n , a r t i s t s a n d le a d e rs in all w a lk s of life. F a c sim ile r e p r o d u c tio n s of all th e s e t r i b u t e s h a v e b een m a d e a n d p u b lish e d , t o g e t h e r w i t h all th e sp eech es a n d r e m a r k s t h a t w e r e m a d e a t th e d in n e r, in an edition of 1000 copies m a d e av a ila b le a t $3 p e r copy. O n e h u n d r e d a n d fifty copies w e r e d i s t r i b u t e d w ith th e c o m p lim e n ts of t h e F o u n d a t i o n , in c lu d in g copies s e n t to fifty lib raries a n d th e b a la n c e p r a c tic a lly s u b s c rib e d for a t th e w r i t i n g of th is re p o rt. T h e e x p e n se s of p u b li
c a tio n h a v e a l r e a d v been covered.
V I . E N D O W M E N T F U N D
T o p u t th e w o r k of th e F o u n d a t i o n on a p e r m a n e n t basis, a c a m p a ig n w a s s t a r t e d in 1926 for a m illio n d o lla r e n d o w m e n t f u n d as an o bjective. B e fo re a n y ap p eal for c o n tr ib u tio n s is m a d e to th e public a t large, th e A m e r ic a n s of P olish d e s c e n t an d P o le s n o w liv in g in th e U n i t e d S ta te s h a v e b een a sk e d to raise a t le a s t one th ir d of t h a t a m o u n t, o r $350,000. A n d t h e y are r a i s i n g it. O n J u n e 6, 1928, th e C a p ita l F u n d w a s r e p o r te d a t $74,614.36. T h e l a te s t r e p o r t of th e A u d i t i n g D e p a r t m e n t of th e G u a r a n t y T r u s t Co. of N e w Y o rk , as of S e p t e m b e r 30, 1928, sig n e d b y A. L. G e ttm a n , sh o w s th e fo llo w in g in v e s t m e n t s of th e E n d o w m e n t F u n d :
A m e r i c a n C y a n a m id Co. 5s Gold D e b e n t u r e s 1 0 / 1 / 4 2 . . $10,000.
S / E / S / C B o n d a n d M tg e . of L a w y e r s T i t l e a n d G u a r a n t y Co. to F a n n i e D i a m o n d due 1 2 / 1 / 3 2 . I n t. R a t e fijas T itle No. F412468 p re m is e s 240 W e s t 22nd
S tr e e t, N e w Y o r k C i t y ... 15,000.
U. S. A. 4 th L. L. 4 % s B d of 1933-38 1 0 / 1 5 / 3 8 ... 350.
R e p u b lic of P o l a n d 6s U. S. D o lla r G / B issue of 1920
4 / 1 / 4 0 ... 1,500.
U . S . A . Ctf. of I n d e b t e d n e s s 4 j 4 s Ser. T J1 9 2 9 due
6 / 1 5 / 2 9 ... 50,000.
R e p u b lic of P o l a n d S / F E x t . 8s G / B due 1 / 1 / 5 0 ... 30,000.
T o t a l ...$106,850.
Seven
A s in all g e n e ra l public s u b s c r ip tio n s of th is c h a r a c te r , n o t of u r g e n t n a tu r e , p r o g r e s s w a s slow' a t first. A n a t io n w id e e d u c a tio n a l c a m p a ig n h a d to be c o n d u c te d . B u t th e c a u se a p peals to all classes, in all c o m m u n itie s , a n d in th e c o u rs e of tim e th e q u o t a a s s ig n e d w ill be raised. T h e local q u o t a s a re b a s e d on $1 p e r fa m ily o r 20 c e n ts for e v e r y m a n , w o m a n a n d child.
F r o m th e m o ra l p o in t of view th e m o s t v a lu a b le f e a tu r e of th e c a m p a ig n is t h a t m o r e t h a n 100,000 p e rs o n s h a v e a l r e a d y c o n t r i b u t e d to th e fund, d ire c tly o r in d ire c tly , in a m o u n t s v a r y i n g fro m a p e n n y to $1000. I f w e ta k e in to c o n s id e r a tio n m e m b e r ship of th e v a rio u s o r g a n i z a t i o n s a n d societies t h a t m a d e col
lective d o n a tio n s, th e n u m b e r of p e rs o n s t h a t h a v e a l r e a d y c o n t r i b u t e d o n e - th ir d of t h e a s s ig n e d q u o t a w ill be a t le a s t 500,000.
T h e r e w e r e seven $1000 a n d sev en $500 c o n tr ib u tio n s . T h e l a r g e s t single d o n a tio n , n a m e ly $30,000, w a s m a d e b y th e P o lish N a t i o n a l A llian ce of th e U n i t e d S t a t e s w i t h h e a d q u a r t e r s in Chicago.
V I I . O P E R A T I N G E X P E N S E S
T h e o p e r a t i n g o r “ c u r r e n t ” e x p e n d itu r e s co v er sc h o la rsh ip s, office o v e r h e a d a n d c a m p a ig n expenses. T h e in c o m e an d e x p e n d i t u r e s for th e fiscal year, fro m J u l y 1, 1927 to J u n e 30, 1928, as re c o n c ile d b y th e a u d i t o r w e r e a s f o llo w s :
I N C O M E
B a la n c e on J u l y 1, 1927... $ 43.55 Special D o n a t i o n s (“ s u p p o r t i n g s u b s c r i p t i o n s ” ) :
B a l d w i n L o c o m o tiv e W o r k s ... $5000.00 T h e la te F. F. F i t z p a t r i c k ... 1000.00 D re x e l a n d C o ... 1000.00 W e s t i n g h o u s e A ir B r a k e C o ... 1000.00 W e stin g h o u .se E le c tr ic a n d Mfg. C o 1000.00
--- 9000.00 I n c o m e fro m securities, call lo an s a n d b a n k b a la n c e s . . 2626.68 M is c e lla n e o u s I n c o m e ... 6.00 L o a n s fro m G u a r a n t y T r u s t C o ... 1645.25 T o t a l ... $ 13321.48 E ig h t
E X P E N D I T U R E S
S a la r ie s $ 5640.00
S c h o la r s h ip s ... 4221 14 P r i n t i n g a n d office s u p p l i e s ... 1191.43 P o s t a g e ... 60P13 T e le p h o n e , te l e g r a m s a n d c a b l e s ... 129.86 T r a v e l l i n g e x p e n se s ... 198.50 P r e s s c lip p in g s e r v i c e ... 70.65 P u b l i c i t y ...: . 769.50 I n t e r e s t on n o te s d u e G u a r a n t y T r u s t C o ... 463.49 M is c e lla n e o u s e x p e n se s ... 31.78 T o t a l ...$ 13321.48 I n c o n ju n c tio n w ith th e m o d e s t o p e r a t i n g b u d g e t, as giv en above, th e fo llo w in g g r a t u i t i e s s h o u ld be a d d e d to b o th incom e a n d e x p e n d i t u r e s :
R e n t for offices, giv en b y th e P o lis h C o n s u l a t e ...$2400.00
L i g h t ( a p p r o x i m a t e l y ) “ “ “ “ 36.00
S c h o la r s h ip s d o n a t e d b y A m e r i c a n c o lle g e s ... 3000.00 V a l u e of s t e a m s h i p tic k e ts d o n a te d b y th e I m m i g r a t i o n
D e p a r t m e n t of th e P olish C o n s u la te of N e w Y o r k to
r e t u r n i n g s c h o la rs of th e F o u n d a t i o n ... 240.00 T o t a l ... $ 5676.00 T h e r e f o r e a m o re c o m p le te p ic tu r e of th e o p e r a t i n g b u d g e t w o u l d b e :
I n c o m e ...$18,997.48 E x p e n d i t u r e s ... 18,997.48
P A R T I I . O B S E R V A T I O N S A N D R E C O M M E N D A T I O N S 1. I n a c c o r d a n c e w ith t h e policy o u tlin e d in th e first a n n u a l r e p o r t in t h e s e lectio n of n e w s t u d e n t s as well as in th e re n ew al of s c h o la rs h ip s , special e m p h a s is w a s p laced u p o n t h e m a t u r i t y o f p u rp o s e , d efin iten ess a n d p ra c tic a b ility of p r o g r a m , k n o w le d g e o f th e la n g u a g e , c h a r a c t e r a n d a d a p ta b ility . T h e w a t c h w o r d s in each case, esp ecially as a p p lied to s t u d e n t s fro m P o la n d , h ave b e e n : “ C o m e well p r e p a re d , fix y o u r ob jectiv e, c o n c e n t r a t e .’’
Nine
2. T h e s tip e n d s h a v e b een ra ise d fro m $500 to $600 p e r y e a r besides tu itio n a n d s t e a m s h ip ticket. O u r o w n e x p e rie n c e as well as th e e x p erien ce of o t h e r s im ila r in s t i t u t i o n s s h o w s t h a t even th is a m o u n t is n o t sufficient to co v er liv in g e x p e n s e s in th e U n ite d S ta te s . A c c o r d i n g to th e r e p o r t of t h e I n s t i t u t e of I n t e r n a tio n a l E d u c a tio n , th e a v e r a g e s tip e n d of 420 s c h o la r s h ip s an d fe llo w sh ip s offered b y th e v a r io u s A m e r ic a n in s t i t u t i o n s to A m e r ic a n s t u d e n t s for s t u d y a b r o a d is $1111.50, a n d th e a v e r a g e s tip e n d of 258 s c h o la rs h ip s offered to th e fo re ig n s t u d e n t s for s t u d y in th e U n i t e d S ta te s is $1134.00 F o r th e p r e s e n t $600 a n d s t e a m s h ip tic k e t w o u ld be sufficient fo r an A m e r i c a n s t u d e n t in P o la n d , w h e r e th e liv in g e x p e n s e s in t e r m s of A m e r ic a n d o llars a re r e a s o n a b le a n d th e tu i t i o n fee is o n ly n o m in a l, b u t th e s t i p e n d s fo r P o lis h s t u d e n t s in th e U n i t e d S ta te s sh o u ld be i n c re a se d to $750 each p lu s s te a m s h ip tic k e t a n d t u i t i o n fee— even if th e n u m b e r of s c h o la r s h ip s be decreased.
3. A l t h o u g h P o l a n d is a “ n e w c o u n t r y , ” n o t fu lly u n d e r s t o o d a n d n o t in f r e q u e n t l y m i s u n d e r s t o o d in A m e ric a , a n d even th o u g h t h e r e a r e co n sid e ra b le lin g u is tic difficulties to o v e rc o m e on th e p a r t of t h e A m e r ic a n s t u d e n t s of o t h e r t h a n P o lis h d escen t, th e r e h a v e b een sev eral tim e s m o re a p p lic a tio n s fro m th e A m e r ic ans for s t u d y in P o l a n d t h a n th e n u m b e r of av aila b le s c h o la r ships.
T h e p r o p o r t i o n of a p p lic a tio n s fro m P o lis h s t u d e n t s for s t u d y in A m e r ic a to t h e n u m b e r of s c h o la r s h ip s g r a n t e d h a s a lw a y s b e e n l a r g e — a t le a s t 20 to 1. A go o d m a n y of t h e m are r e je c te d b y th e u n i v e r s i t y a u th o r i t i e s on th e o t h e r side a n d n e v e r r each us. N e v e r th e le s s th is desire to s t u d y in th e U n i t e d S ta te s h as a s a l u t a r y effect on th e p ro s p e c tiv e c a n d id a te s as t h e y s t u d y E n g lis h a n d t r y to “ re a d u p ” a b o u t A m e ric a .
4. A s th e F o u n d a t i o n so fa r is th e o n ly e d u c a tio n a l i n s titu tio n for th e p r o m o t i o n of in te lle c tu a l a n d c u l tu r a l r e la tio n s h ip s b e t w e e n P o l a n d a n d th e U n i t e d S ta te s , it is n a t u r a l t h a t it sh o u ld be u se d as a c l e a r i n g h o u se w ith in th e field of its activities. B u t w ith r e q u e s t s fo r in f o r m a tio n t h e r e c o m e w i t h in c r e a s i n g fre- q u e n c y d e m a n d s for a s s is ta n c e a l o n g th e fo llo w in g lin e s :
a. P o lis h sc h o la rs, especially h e a d s of s e m in a r s a n d r e se a rc h i n s t i t u t e s a t P o lis h u n iv e r s itite s , w a n t t h e F o u n d a tio n to a s s is t th e m in o b t a i n i n g c e rta in A m e r ic a n j o u r n a ls a n d o u t s t a n d i n g b o o k s d e a lin g a u t h o r i t a t i v e l y w ith th e ir fields— especially in E n g lis h P h ilo lo g y , P s y c h o lo g y , E c o n o m ics, S ociology, G e o g r a p h y , C h e m is tr y , E n g i n e e r i n g an d B usin ess A dm i ni s tr a t i o n .
T en
b. A m e r i c a n s c h o la rs a n d p ro fe s s o rs of S lavic L i t e r a t u r e a re t u r n i n g to th e F o u n d a t i o n as an in s ti t u t i o n t h a t m i g h t p o s sibly r e n d e r th e m a s s is ta n c e in t h e p u b lic a tio n e i th e r of n e w b o o k s on P o l a n d o r P o lis h cu ltu re , o r of t r a n s l a t i o n s of P o lis h classics. A lso a g o o d m a n y A m e r i c a n clubs— m o s tly w o m e n ’s c lu b s— a re a s k i n g for i n fo rm a tio n , m a te ria l, slides, p ic tu re s , etc., su c h as w o u ld be of a s s is ta n c e fo r le c tu re s on v a r io u s to p ics p e r t a i n i n g to P o la n d .
c. A m e r ic a n s of P o lis h d e s c e n t— b o th p a r e n t s a n d t h e i r c h ild r e n w h o w a n t to a t t e n d A m e r i c a n colleges a n d u n iv e rs itie s
— are, m o re a n d m o re f r e q u e n tly , a s k i n g t h e F o u n d a t i o n b o th for in f o r m a tio n c o n c e r n in g A m e r i c a n h i g h e r i n s t i t u t io n s of le a r n i n g a n d for financial assistance.
A l t h o u g h th e d e m a n d s u n d e r “ c” do no t, s tr ic tly s p eak in g , fall w i t h i n th e p r o g r a m of th e F o u n d a t i o n , it w o u ld n e v e rth e le s s be m o s t d e s ira b le if som e w a y could be f o u n d to p e rfo rm this u seful service.
T h e r e s o u rc e s of th e F o u n d a t i o n a t th e p r e s e n t tim e m a k e it im p o ssib le to len d a s s is ta n c e even to th e m o s t m e r ito r io u s c a u s es. F o r th e A m e r ic a n s t u d e n t s of P o lish e x tr a c tio n th e F o u n d a tio n can do t w o t h i n g s for t h e p r e s e n t a n d th e n e a r f u t u r e : (1) f u r n is h in f o r m a t i o n a n d r e n d e r advice as to th e e d u c a tio n a l o p p o r t u n itie s offered b y a giv en in s ti t u t i o n in a giv en field of s t u d y ; (2) t r y to o b t a i n for t h e m such financial a s s is ta n c e as m a y be a v a il
able f r o m o t h e r o r g a n iz a tio n s . I n v iew of th is a c tiv ity a n d also in re s p o n s e to a definite d e m a n d , p la n s are u n d e r w a y to m ak e a c o m p r e h e n s iv e s ta tistic a l s u r v e y of th e s e s t u d e n t s in A m e r ic a n in s titu tio n s .
W i t h r e g a r d to ite m s u n d e r “ a ” a n d “b ” , th e y u n q u e s t i o n a b ly c o m e w ith in th e t h i r d section of th e se c o n d A rtic le of th e C h a r t e r s t a t i n g th e o b je c ts of th e F o u n d a tio n , n a m e ly , besides th e e x c h a n g e of s t u d e n t s a n d p r o f e s s o r s :
“T o c u ltiv a te closer in te lle c tu a l a n d c u l tu r a l r e la tio n s b e t w e e n P o l a n d a n d th e LTn ite d S ta te s in such w a y s a n d b y such m e a n s as m a y fro m tim e to tim e seem w ise in th e j u d g m e n t of t h e B o a r d of D i r e c t o r s of th e C o r p o r a tio n .”
I n o r d e r to c a r r y o u t th e s e o b je c ts m o r e e x ten siv ely , it w o u ld be n e c e s s a r y to solicit a n n u a l m e m b e r s h i p s w ith ce rta in definite c o n tr ib u tio n s , as o t h e r s im ila r o r g a n iz a tio n s a re doing, in a d d itio n to th e in c o m e from th e e n d o w m e n t fu n d w h ic h is b e i n g g r a d u a l l y b u ilt up.
5. T h e r e is a definite d e m a n d fo r an a u t h o r i t a t i v e a n d c o m p re h e n s iv e w o r k in th e E n g l i s h l a n g u a g e on “ K o ś c iu s z k o in A m e r i c a ,” a n d t h e F o u n d a t i o n is loo k ed u p o n as t h e b e s t q u a li
fied i n s t i t u t i o n to p u b lis h su c h a w o rk . S h o u ld th is be u n d e r ta k e n , E leven
e n o u g h frie n d s of th e F o u n d a t i o n w o u ld be f o u n d to g u a r a n t e e th e e x p e n se s of p u b lic a tio n , o r to c re a te a r e a d y m a r k e t b y a d v a n c e d su b s c rip tio n s . A m o re difficult u n d e r t a k i n g , h o w e v e r, is to collect th e n e c e s s a r y m a te ria l.
I t is p ro p o s e d t h a t th e F o u n d a t i o n e sta b lish in its h e a d q u a r t e r s a w o r k i n g lib r a r y on K o śc iu sz k o , as well as on P o l a n d in g e n e ra l, co m p o se d of b o o k s a n d o t h e r m a te ria l. S h o u ld such a lib r a r y be e s ta b lish e d , frie n d s of t h e F o u n d a t i o n w o u ld d o n a te a s u b s t a n t i a l n u m b e r of books. D efinite p ro m is e s h a v e a lre a d y b e e n m a d e to th is effect. A lib r a r y of th is s o r t co u ld be u se d a t th e h e a d q u a r t e r s of th e F o u n d a t i o n , s u ita b le facilities b e i n g a m p l y p r o v id e d for, a n d lo a n e d in p a r ts , as called for, to w r i t e r s an d l e c tu r e r s on to p ic s p e r t a i n i n g to P o la n d .
R e s p e c tf u lly s u b m itte d ,
S T E P H E N P. M I Z W A E x e c u t i v e D ire c to r.
NATIONAL COUNCIL
E r n s t F. W. A l e x a n d e r s o n S z y m o n A s k e n a z y W a l t e r C. B a i l e y G e o r g e B a r r B a k e r A . B . B a r b e r J u l i u s H . B a r n e s W a l t e r M . B e r r y W i l l i a m C. B o y d e n N i c h o l a s M u r r a y B u t l e r S a m u e l P . C a p e n B e n j a m i n F. C a s t l e A l b e r t J . C h e s l e y J a n C i e c h a n o w s k i J u l i a n L . C o o l i d g e M e r i a n C. C o o p e r
H . S . D e m a r e s t S t e p h e n P . D u g g a n
E. D a n a D u r a n d R o m a n D y b o s k i
C. D z i a d u l e w i c z T a g e U . H . E l l i n g e r P a u l P . F l a k F r a n c i s E. F r o n c z a k T . H . G a r l i c k H u g h G i b s o n H i p o l i t G l i w i c W i l l i a m R. G r o v e C h a r l e s : H . H a l l i d a y C h r i s t i a n A . H e r t e r R u p e r t H u g h e s V e r n o n K e l l o g g L e o p o l d K o t n o w s k i L a d i s l a u s K o z ł o w s k i R e v . W a c ł a w K r u s z k a W i t o l d K r z y ż a n o w s k i J a m e s A . L o g a n , J r . W i l l i a m G. L u s h W. L u t o s ł a w s k i
R. S . M a c E l w e e J . I n g l i s M a i t l a n d E m i l M a l i n o w s k i M r s . R o b e r t G. M e a d D a v i d H u n t e r M i l l e r R a l p h M o d j e s k i B r u c e M . M o h l e r
Mr s. R . v o n Mo s c h z i s k e r Ke n n e t h M . Mu r r a y
A. Em i l y Na p i e r a l s k a Fr a n k No w a k Ge o r g e R . No y e s
A. M. Oc e t k i e w i c z Ju l i a Sw i f t Or v i s Al v i n Ow s l e y Ig n a c e Ja n Pa d e r e w s k i Ma r i o n E . Pa r k Ge o f f r e y Pa r s o n s Fe l i x W. Pa w ł o w s k i Al f r e d J . Pe a r s o n Ch a r l e s Ph i l l i p s Ge o r g e Pa l m e r Pu t n a m Wi l l i a m A. Re d d i n g Ed g a r Ri c k a r d Mr s. B. L . Ro b i n s o n Eu g e n e Ro m e r St e f a n Ro s i c k i He r b e r t L . Sa t t e r l e e Fr a n c k Sc h o e l l Mm e. Ma r c e l l a Se m b r i c k Ed w i n P . Sh a t t u c k Th o m a s Si e m i r a d z k i Fr a n k H . Si m o n d s Ge o r g e W. Si w i ń s k i Al e x a n d e r Sk r z y ń s k i Jo h n W . Sm i t h Jo h n B. St e t s o n, Jr.
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