Teresa Porębska-Miąc
University of Economics in Katowice
CLOUD COMPUTING AND MOBILITY AS THE MAIN TRENDS IN UNIFIED COMMUNICATIONS
The essence of communication is intention.
Werner Erhard
Introduction
Over the last 20 years globalization and the dynamic development of com- munications technologies have revolutionized everyday communication between companies and their customers, business partners and employees. Various com- munication modes and tools have come into use. Geographically dispersed or- ganizations have been formed, where virtual teams work, often based in various parts of the world, meeting hardly ever or not at all. It has been noted that good communication involves not only disseminating information or resolving current problems. In order to unlock the potential of modern communications, compa- nies have to use diverse technologies and systems integrating all their contact channels [Zdro13].
Nowadays, Unified Communications (UC) systems change the way people communicate for both business purposes and in private lives. A mere computer and Internet access permit effective communication. However, a unified inter- face, access to all channels, such as chat, telephone and video, file transfer, ac- cess to email and voicemail, desktop sharing, calendars, contact lists and tasks shared from any location with Internet access create new opportunities. Unified Communications allows for using a wide range of communications functions which facilitate the execution of everyday business tasks and, at the same time, give a chance to focus on the content of communication rather than a method of providing it [www7].
Joanna Palonka, Teresa Porębska-Miąc 120
The developments in Unified Communications solutions enable mobile technologies, video conferencing and social networks to be used for business purposes. Other trends that can be observed include corporate migration towards integrated communications solutions provided by a single vendor and the devel- opment of virtualization technologies and cloud computing [Mars13]. However, organizations lack knowledge on the availability of a unified teleinformatics so- lution that enables truly effective communication. The aim of the paper is to ana- lyze the latest trends in UC&C solutions for business and the benefits of their implementation.
Unified Communications
Unified Communications, also called integrated communications, has many definitions. A unified communications system is a set of communication services and solutions bundled, sold and delivered together as one single compact solu- tion. UC enables the use of voice, data, Internet, video and other communication services through an integrated product or system, which is developed by a single vendor or in collaboration with supported partners [www9].
Gartner defines unified communications products (equipment, software and services) as those that facilitate the interactive use of multiple enterprise com- munications methods. It can include control, management and integration of these methods. UC products integrate communications channels (media), net- works and systems, as well as IT business applications and, in some cases, con- sumer applications and devices [www8].
A UC system is a combination of hardware, software, network and other re- lated solutions. A unified communications system is primarily designed to elimi- nate the need for buying and managing several communications technologies to collaborate and exchange information within an organization or among workers.
Enterprise-class UC exhibits and provides most of the major real-time (voice and video) and near real-time (text, e-mail, fax) communication systems necessary for business productivity and operations [www9].
UC keeps workgroups connected enabling collaboration and streamlined business processes. It helps employees become more productive and work smarter by simplifying their communications process and by giving them easy access to the information they need and to advanced applications [www2]. The main advantage of this technology is its capability to provide a consistent unified interface and user experience over multiple devices and various media.
The major benefits to be gained by using the UC technologies include [www7]:
• improved communication and collaboration within a company as well as with its business partners and customers,
• a well-organized and unified flow of information within a company,
• flexibility resulting from mobile access,
• elimination of unnecessary business trips and costs of telecommunication services.
UC systems are used in numerous sectors of the economy, such as medicine, finance, construction and automotive industries, petroleum mining, science and education. Each market requires specific solutions, e.g. medical imaging combined with a long-distance image transfer, wireless image transfer in the construction industry or integration with e-learning applications.
The next generation communications applications integrate collaboration tools into business processes, thus exceeding the scope of the traditional UC so- lutions. Modern communications solutions – Collaboration − not only transform an employee workplace consisting of one graphical interface but also create a communications platform for all the parties of a business process: employees, suppliers and consumers [www6]. UC&C (Unified Communications and Col- laboration) describes the combination of communications and collaboration technologies. Effective communication by itself does not suffice in business any longer. It is also necessary to collaborate remotely, exchanging information and sharing materials. Collaboration features include presence and working with col- leagues on the same documents at the same time (Figure 1).
UC&C integrates real-time communication services such as instant messag- ing, presence information, audio and video, data collaboration, conferencing, lo- cation-based services, unified desktop client, call control and speech recognition with non-real-time communication services such as unified messaging (inte- grated voicemail, e-mail, SMS and fax). Blogs, social networks and discussion forums are also becoming part of the UC&C platform.
UC&C is not a product, but a framework to define a set of products that provides a consistent unified user interface and user experience across multiple devices and media types. UC&C allows flexible, scalable communication among groups and individuals. UC&C is more about the technologies and collaboration is more about the outcome. The UC&C strategies are always concerned with the outcome.
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businesspeople with the same integrated communications capabilities anywhere (in the office, at home, on the road etc.) and anytime on smartphones and other mobile devices that are fully integrated with the firm’s communications and col- laboration platform.
Mobile devices paired with UC offer real benefits to people in many roles in an enterprise. It enable workers and groups to work and easily collaborate from disparate locations. UC in conjunction with a mobility solution can in- crease employee productivity, improve customer service as well as enhance cus- tomer and employee satisfaction. Moreover, it can provide a significant return on investment (ROI) through improved workforce productivity [www5].
Research conducted by Frost & Sullivan among 700 American companies shows that they provide their employees with the mobile access to few UC&C applications, the most common being mobile email software and PIM (Personal Information Manager) tools [Bara13]. In Poland, Microsoft Office 365 enjoys popularity.
Cloud Computing
Cloud computing is one of the most efficient delivery models for UC.
Cloud services are dynamically entering the ICT market. Cloud computing is a method of providing a set of shared computing resources that include applica- tions, computing, storage, networks, development and development platforms, and business process [Mill12].
It is crucial for companies using cloud computing that the services are available at any time in any location, economical (a user should pay for using the computing power of the cloud, not its availability), scalable to individual needs and that they ensure tight data security.
The cloud model is composed of five essential characteristics, four devel- opment models (public, community, private and hybrid) and many service mod- els. The essential characteristics of cloud computing are [HuKH12]:
• on-demand self-service – computing capabilities (such as server resources) can be unilaterally and automatically provisioned without human interaction with a service provider;
• broad network access – services are available over the network through vari- ous platforms (PCs, laptops, smartphones, tablets);
• resource pooling – computing resources (processing, memory, storage, net- work bandwidth) are dynamically assigned and reassigned according to de- mand and pooled to serve various customers (multitenancy);
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Other UCaaS benefits are as follows [www10]:
• faster ways of working, faster communication and collaboration,
• improved time-to-market and reach of services,
• digitized customer and partner co-operation,
• reduction in travel costs up to 90%,
• enhanced attractiveness of company for talented people.
UCaaS is a rapidly growing market. The major players in this market are Cisco, Microsoft, Alcatel-Lucent, Avaya, HP, IBM, CSC, Verizon Communications, Voss, and Polycom.
UC&C Solutions in Practice
The main challenge an organization faces is to choose the right combination of UC&C technologies, features and applications that can best meet its specific business needs. Large corporations, which have divisions and offices all over the world, were the first to use the UC&C solutions since effective communication is crucial for their success or failure. For small and very small organizations, cloud deployment means reducing the break-even point. Although the adoption of cloud solutions is economically sound, small companies still encounter tech- nological barriers.
Over the last few years, the number of Unified Communications systems implemented on the Polish market has been increasing steadily by 20% a year.
The trend is expected to continue until 2016, when, according to the IDC report
“Polish UC&C and Call Center Market Research Update, 2012”, the value of the Polish market will exceed $140 mln [Mejs13].
Various solutions have been implemented by organizations, for example Da- none Group and Ministry of Administration and Digitization have implemented the UC&C solution from Integrated Solutions, while PESA Bydgoszcz – OpenScape Unified Communications from Siemens Enterprise Communications Sp. z o.o.
Unified communications and collaboration solutions prove effective wher- ever communication plays an important role in daily work [Made12]. Organiza- tions can choose from the following options:
• A cloud-based service available via IS/Orange. There are three reasons to choose Orange Business Services [www1]:
− global cloud infrastructure – Orange cloud services are hosted in state-of- the-art cloud-ready data centers to offer customers outstanding worldwide quality of service and security; flexible computing solutions and business together as a service (UCaaS) are available from Europe, the U.S. and
Joanna Palonka, Teresa Porębska-Miąc 126
Asia; Orange has also invested in its own data center in Normandy (France) for its customers’ own needs; much of organization data meet the strict current standards;
− end-to-end enterprise cloud is guaranteed – Orange is a communications service provider; it knows how to deliver business-critical IT services over the network, with the requisite security and performance guarantees; this includes understanding the impact of delays on real-time applications and how to prevent them; Orange is uniquely able to provide private cloud computing, network, and even the devices to access it, with end-to-end SLAs and the capability to deliver it all globally;
− recognized IT and security expertise – all of Orange cloud services are
“secured by design”; they are implemented by security professionals using secure data centers (ISAE 3402 certification), platforms and operations;
Orange cloud services are delivered with the highest levels of security; it is important that Orange can even connect to their cloud service partners and deliver their services to organization completely securely and effi- ciently through private network.
• A converged multimedia communication solution called OpenTouch. It’s a product of Alcatel-Lucent Enterprise which creates a new conversation ex- perience for employees, partners and customers. With OpenTouch, IT teams can provide lines of business with integrated video and web conferencing- based communications solutions across devices – easily and cost effectively.
And they gain all of the benefits of an open Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) architecture and unified management. OpenTouch supplies:
− multi-device – employees can have a single conversation that crosses avail- able devices; they simply use the device that makes the most sense for the context and their location – whether they are on-the-move, telecommuting, at their desk or in a meeting room; switching devices during conversations is transparent and easy; communications become fluid conversations;
− multi-party – conferencing is the most important feature; conference par- ticipants can easily come and go during conversations and they can quickly form ad-hoc communities across locations and organizations to meet specific business objectives;
− multimedia – high-definition video, instant messaging (IM) and web con- ferencing capabilities mean every user enjoys rich communications ser- vices without additional investments; employees can stay connected, col- laborate and share content more efficiently, and they can move the conversation across media − from IM to ad-hoc video to scheduled video
− as it evolves and becomes more in-depth.
• An enterprise-ready unified communications platform Microsoft Lync.
It connects people everywhere, as part of their everyday productivity experi- ence. Lync is available as a separate application or as a part of Microsoft Of- fice 365 Midisize Business or Enterprise E3. Lync offers features which en- able users to [Sien13, Szyb13, www3]:
− connect with the outside world – Lync federation extends unified commu- nications securely over the Internet to customers, suppliers, and partners using Lync or Skype;
− stay in touch anywhere – Lync enables users to communicate securely anywhere they have network connectivity, and automatically adapts to network conditions;
− use the device they want – Lync makes communicating easier with a con- sistent and familiar experience available on Windows PCs, Windows Phone, iOS, Mac, and Android smartphones; the new immersive Lync app for Windows 8 and Windows RT provides a seamless touch-first experi- ence;
− communicate in the right way – Lync unifies voice and video calls, Lync Meetings, presence, and IM in one easy-to-use client, making it simple to choose and switch between different forms of communication;
− take advantage of standards-based HD video – Lync uses open standards including H.264 SVC to provide a high-quality video experience on a wide range of devices;
− make virtual meetings more effective – see up to five meeting participants simultaneously with new multiparty HD video support; users can choose who to see or let Lync choose for them;
− easily join meetings – Joining a Lync Meeting requires only a single touch or click on smartphones, tablets, and PCs;
− extend Lync Meetings outside our organization with browser-based ac- cess: The Lync Web App allows PC and Mac users to join a Lync Meeting from a browser and delivers a full online meeting experience including IM, voice, multiparty video, data collaboration and sharing;
− take notes in OneNote – OneNote share allows users in to create and share OneNote digital meeting notes within Lync Meetings;
− quickly and intuitively find the best way to communicate – Quick Lync is a menu that appears over a contact in the Lync contact list and shows available communication modes (Table 1).
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between particular communications media – voice, text, www or video is easy and smooth and can be made from one user interface. The content and informa- tion is aggregated, filtered and then presented contextually to a user.
Taking into account low market saturation with the UC&C solutions, they are likely to be thriving in the future.
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PRZETWARZANIE W CHMURZE I MOBILNOŚĆ JAKO GŁÓWNE TENDENCJE ZUNIFIKOWANEJ KOMUNIKACJI
Streszczenie
W artykule zaprezentowano nowe trendy w rozwiązaniach zunifikowanej komunika- cji i współpracy (UC&C) dla biznesu oraz korzyści wynikające z ich wdrożenia. Dla ich użytkowników systemy UC&C stanowią wygodny sposób kontaktowania się i współpracy, poprawiający komfort pracy pracowników i wpływający na jej efektywność. Obecnie roz- wój rozwiązań UC&C zmierza w kierunku wykorzystania technologii mobilnych, wideokonferencji i sieci społecznościowych w biznesie. Jest także zauważalny trend pole- gający na migracji firm do zintegrowanych rozwiązań komunikacyjnych od jednego do- stawcy, jak również rozwój technologii wirtualizacji i cloud computing.