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OFFSHORE
TECHNOLOGY
CONFERENCE
6-9 IVlay 1996
Houston, Texas U.S.A.
Proceedings
Voiume 4
Fieid Drilling &
TECHNISCHE UNIVERSfTBI
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28th ANNUAL —
OFFSHORE TECHNOLOGY
CONFERENCE
1996
PROCEEDINGS
VOLUME 4
1996 OFFSHORE TECHNOLOGY CONFERENCE
P O L I C Y GOVERNING PUBLICATION O F PAPERS
PRESENTED AT T H E OFFSHORE T E C H N O L O G Y C O N F E R E N C E
The papers included in the (our Proceedings for the 28th Annual Offshore Technology Conference will not be pub-lished in any other form. The sponsor organizations for the 1996 O T C are listed under the copyright statement be-low. No publication of papers presented at the 28th Annual Offshore Technology Conference is authorized without the express written permission of Ihe Board of Directors for the Conference. Permission lo copy is restricted to an abstract of not more than 300 words. Illustrations may not be copied. Such use of an abstract should contain con-spicuous acknowledgment of where and by whom the paper was presented.
Questions relating to publication of papers by individuals or organizations other than the sponsor organizations should be directed to Technology Transfer. Offshore Technology Conference. P O . Box 833868. Richardson. T X 75083-3868. U.S.A.. or 222 Palisades Creek Drive. Richardson. T X 75080. U.S.A.
©Copyright 1996
O F F S H O R E T E C H N O L O G Y C O N F E R E N C E on behalf of the American Inslituleof Mining, Metallurgical, and Petroleum Engineers (Society of Petroleum Engineers, Society for Mining, Metallurgy, and Exploration. The Min-erals, Metals, and Materials Society). The American Association of Petroleum Geologists, The American Institute of Chemical Engineers, The American Society of Civil Engineers. The American Society of Mechanical Engi-neers—Petroleum Division. The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers—Oceanic Engineering Society. The Marine Technology Society, The Society of Exploration Geophysicists, and The Society of Naval Architects and Marine Engineers.
PROGRAM C O M M I T T E E
Rick T. Hill. Chairman Oceaneering Production Systems Houston. T X
Amis Judzis. Vice Cliairman BP Exploration (Alaska) Inc. Anchorage. A K
Claudia Ludwig ( A A P G ) Consultant
Houston. T X
George Montgomery IV ( A I C h E ) Delta Hudson Engineering Corp. Houston. T X
Bill Luyties ( A S C E ) Shell Offshore Inc. Houston. T X Mike Williams ( A S M E ) F M C Corp. Houston, T X John Chauffe ( I E E E ) Cameron Houston. T X Doug Devoy ( M T S ) Matthews-Daniel Co. Houston. T X E . O . (Woody) Nestvold ( S E G ) Petroleum Industry, I B M Houston, T X Mike Cruickshank ( S M E ) U . of Hawaii Honolulu, HI David Lorenz ( S N A M E ) Noble, Denton, & Assocs. Houston, T X
Pat Rickey ( S P E )
Exxon Production Research Houston, T X
Joe Pope ( T M S ) Fluor Daniel Inc. Sugar Land. T X
T H E O F F S H O R E T E C H N O L O G Y C O N F E R E N C E is tlie world's largest and most comprehensive technical conference and ex-hibition on offshore resource development. The Conference is jointly sponsored by eleven major international engineering and scientific organizations that have a total membership of some 700,000 professionals.
The O T C technical program combines the expertise otTered by the eleven engineering and scientific organizations. Authors from 16 nations will present practical applications, iheorv', and research findings on all facets of ocean resource development in the 1996 program. The papers have been placed in 48 sessions covering both state-of-the-art and new technology in every area of offshore resource development.
The 4 Proceedings volumes have been separated by major areas of interest, with sessions included in each volume listed below. Papers are listed by O T C number, and most are in numerical order.
V O L U M E 1
Geology, Earth Sciences & Environmental
Factors
Advancements in Piied Foundation Analysis cmd Design I Advancements in Piled Fmindalion Analysis and Design il Impact of Salt on Exploration
Impact of 3D Seismic on Reservoir Cliaracterization I Impact of 3D Seismic on Resenoir Cluiracierizaiion ll Integration of Geophysical Measurements for Geological
Interpretation
Marine Diamonds—Everybody's Best Friend Mudslide Platform Development at SP47 Optimization of 3D Seismic Surx'eys
Seabed Gas Hydrates, Acrnistics and Minerals Seabed Reconnaissance
3D Seismic and Other E.xploration-Bascd Technologies for Geoliazards Asses.sinent I
3D Seismic and Other Exploration-Based Technologies for Geohazards Assessment ll
V O L U M E 2
Platform & Marine System Design
Advances in Subsea Technology Offshore Brazil Development of International Standards for Design of
Offshore Platforms to Resist Eariliquakes Floating Production—Design and Conversion Floating Production Technology
Floating Production Units Heidrun Field Development I Heidrun Field Development II Loading of Offshore Structures Mudslide Platform Development al SP47 Project Management
Risk Assessment
Safet}- & Environmental Quality
Structural Design and Platform Reassessment The Atlantic Frontier: An Overview
The Atlantic Frtmlier: Foinaven Fieid Development
VOLUME
3
Construction & Installation
Gulf of Mexico Developments: Popeye and SeaStar Materials. Uiilization and Fabrication
Mooring and Station Keeping Offshore Pipelines
Platform Installation
VOLUME 4
Field Drilling & Development Systems
A Small Operator Implements Subsea Technology Contnd System Umbilicals. Components and
ROV Interfacing
Deepstar—Results and Plans
Deepwater Subsea Manifold Systems Drilling Technology
Limit Stale Design Criteria for Pipelines LiuHua Project I
LiuHua Project II
Mobile Ojfsiiore Drilling Units Offslwre Coiled Tubing Operations Oiium-lndia Gas Pipeline
Paraffin and Hydrate Control
Ponipano—A Deepwater Subsea Development Severe Operating Conditions
Sub.sea Production Systems Well Completions Technology
CONTENTS
Volume 4
OTC 8128 Popeye Project: Completion RiserAVorkover Control System
R.S{. Cuiiin and W.C. Parks, Sonsith Inc., and LD. Forstcr and J.J. Pritcliard, Shell Offshore Inc.
OTC 8151 Through Tubing Window M i l l i n g — A Cost Effective Method of Casing Exit 27
B. Blizzard, T. Carter, andJ. Roberts, Weatherford Enterra Inc.
OTC 8152 Thin Walled Liner Hanger Equipment Enables Well Deepening Project 35
Jamie Sutherland, Shell Canada: Chris Weaver, Baker Oil Tools: and Peter Aiello, Import Tool Corp. Ltd.
OTC 8153 Extended Reach Drilling Limitations—A Shared Solution 51
J.U. Ni.xon. Securir\- DBS: D. Nim.s, BP E.xploraiion: D.W. Rodman. Security DBS: and G. Swietlik. Pilot Drilling Control
OTC 8154 Problems of Deep Drilling in Abnormally Pressured Zones of the Kara Sea
Continental Shelf 63
VT. Simonov, ZapSibBurNlPI
OTC 8156 Vibration Suppression Devices for Long. Slender Tubulars 71
Vagner Jacobsen, Danish Hydraulic Inst., and Roberto Brusclii, Paolo Simantiras, and Luigiiio Vitali, Snamprogetti
OTC 8158 The Yme Jack-Up with Skirt Foundation 81
A. Eide, K.A. Tiien. and M. Barheim. Statoil
OTC 8160 Mooring an Ocean Victory Class M O D U on a Pre-Laid Mooring in 3.200 Feet
of Water at Green Canyon 254 89
R.E. Ettleand P.J. Bomber. Diamond Offsiiore Drdling Inc., und P.G..S. Dove and H. Wilsim. Aker Marine Inc.
OTC 8161 The "Marine Quality K i t " ; A Tool to Monitor Accelarations, Velocities,
and Motions in Arbitrary Locations on Floating Objects 109
A.J. Bos and A.H. van den Hoonaard. Hydrographic and Marine Consultants BV
OTC 8162 The Harding Move: Opening Up New Horizons 115
Jurgina Feith and R.J. P. Hoekstra. Dockwise N.V.
OTC 8164 Twenty-Seven Year Old Jack-Up Converted to a MOPU in 122 Days 127
M.A. Childeis, Rick Spottswood. and Wes Lovaas. Oceaneering Production Systems
OTC 8166 Control of Subsea Satellite Wells at Extreme Offset Distances 145
Bill Savage. Oceaneering Muttifle.x. and David Hihbs. Oceaneering Production Sy.stems
OTC 8167 Subsea Fibre Optic Communications for Production Control and Data Acquisition . . 155
G. High and P Wriglit. Kva rner FSSL Ltd.
OTC 8168 Specification of Electrical, Optical, and Hydraulic Swivels for FPSOs 165
T.M. Divyerand C.A.J. Smith. Focal Technologies Inc.
OTC 8170 A Graphical User Interface for Remote Intervention 173
K.A. Nilsen and J.O. HalLset. Oceaneering A/S. and G. Sandvig. Saga Petroleum a.s.
OTC 8172 Liuhua 11-1 Development—Field Development Overview 183
J.H. Bryant. J.R. Methvin, and E.E. Dague, Amoco: Z.M. Cai and W.H. Kun, China Offshore Oil Nanhai East Corp.: and J.R. Brown. Kerr-McGee Corp.
OTC 8173 Liuhua 11-1 Development—Batch Drilling Program is Successful in the
South China Sea 193
G.E. Gray and K.H. Hall. Amoco Orient Petroleum Co.. and H.C. Mu. Cliina Offshore Oil Nanhai East Corp.
OTC 8174 Liuhua 11-1 Development—Subsea Conductor Installation in the South China Sea . . 203
R.P. Herrmann. Consultant: R.A. Coleman and J.D. Hughes. Amoco Orient Petroleum Co.: H.C. Mu and Z.M. Jiang. China Offshore Oil Nanhai East Corp.: and A.M. Macfarlane. H.O. Mohr
OTC 8175 Liuhua 11-1 Development—Subsea Production System Overview 213
J.E. H(dl, Amoco Orient Petroleum Co.: W.Z. Sheng, China Offshore Oil Nanhai East Corp.: M.J. Krenek. FMC Corp.: L.D. Douglas, Oceaneering Intervention Engineering:
and A.M. Macfarlane. H.O. Mohr
OTC 8176 Liuhua 11-1 Development: Downhole Completion Program With Electric
Submersible Pumps and Wet-Mateabie Electrical Connectors 235
J.M. Rohloffand D.R. Bourne, Amoco Orient Petroleum Co.;
Y.J. Shan. CIdna Offsiiore OU Nanltai East Corp.; James Reid. La.ialle Engineering; and D.H. Hay. Aker Omega inc.
OTC 8177 Liuhua 11-1 Development—EPS Flexible Risers 243
B. E. Kirkham, Bama Assocs.; J.D. Hughes, Amoco Orient Petroleum Co.;
Zhang Bo. Cliina Offshore Oil Nanhai East Corp.; and D.J. Hardin. Aker Omega Inc.
OTC 8178 The East Spar Development—Novel Subsea Production System and Control
Buoy A l l o w Optimum, Low Cost Development o f This Remote Field Offshore
Western Australia 259
PE Campbell. WMC Petroleum; C.D.E Lawlor. KsanierRJ Brown Ply Ltd.; andA.E. Inglis, Clough Engineering Ltd.
OTC 8179 Subsea Production Equipment Standardisation Initiative 271
Nigel George, .Shell UK E&P
OTC 8180 Subsea High Integrity Pressure Protection Systems for High Pressure Oil
and Gas Developments 283
M.C. Theobald. Kvterner FSSL Ltd.
OTC 8181 New Standards in Flexible Pipe Technology Including A P I Spec 17j 293
F.W. Grealish. MCS lull.: A. Bliault Shell Intl. E&P B.V; and K.P. Caveny, E.xxon Production Research
OTC 8182 NORSOK Standards—Replacing Company Specifications in the North Sea 299
A. R. Johansen, Saga Petroleum; T. Uingeland, Statoil; T.A. Tanden, Norsk Hydro; and T.J. Haagland, NTS
OTC 8183 Assessing the Operational Efficiency of Deep Water Production Systems 307
C. N. White, Bill Kelly, and Jim Stevens, Conoco Inc.. and Steve Rowe and Bill Breiidling, BMT Fluid Mechanics Ltd.
OTC 8184 A Knowledge Based System for Economic Analysis and Risk Assessment o f
Subsea Development Scenarios for Small Oilfields in the North Sea 321
N.J. Dyer, J.T. Ford, and A. Tweedle, Heriot Wall U.
OTC 8185 Liuhua 11-1 Development—ROV Interventions 337
J.D. Hughes, Amoco Orient Petroleum Co.; B.M. Paul I. Kerr-McGee Corp.; Micliael Sera/in Jr., ROV Technologies Inc.; Graham Openshaw, Sonsub Intl. Inc.; and G.l. Smith. Sonsub Services Pty. Ltd.
OTC 8186 Liuhua 11-1 Development—Phase 1 Installation 349
David Sorrel. Aker Marine Inc.; J.D. Green and M.J. Florida. Amoco; Chen Ming.
China Offshore Oil Nanhai East Corp.; and John Sheridan. Clough Stena (Asia) Joint Venture
OTC 8187 Liuhua 11-1 Development—Design and Fabrication Considerations for the
EPS Nanhai Tiao Zhan 359
J.R. Erase. Amoco Orient Petroleum Co.; X.Q. Liang. China Offshore Oil Nanhai East Corp.; and L.E. Clark. Reading & Bates Development Co.
OTC 8188 Liuhua 11-1 Development—Design and Fabrication Considerations f o r the
FPSO Nanhai Sheng L i 373
J.P. Frantz and T.E. Koster. Amoco Orient Petroleum Co.; Liang Yu, China Offshore Oil Nanhai East Corp.; and W.M. Haire and Yoshihide Shimainra. Modcc
OTC 8189 Liuhua 11-1 Development—New Pipeline Technologies for
Diverless Connections 383
C.K. Bludworth, Amoco Corp.; Chen Ming. China Offshore Oil .Nanhai East Corp.; B. M. Paull, Kerr-McGee Corp.; Steve Gates, Sonsub: W.S. Manuel, Manuel Designs: and D.G. Her\ ey. Hervey Engineering
OTC 8190 Liuhua 11-1 Development—MAXIMO Systematic Maintenance System 399
M.M. Corrigan and Willem van Rooy. Amoco Corp.. andZ.T. Hong. China Offshore Od Nanhai East Corp.
OTC 8191 Increased Reliability for HP/HT Drill Stem Testing From Full Scale Tool Tests . . . 409
Paul Ringgenberg. Halliburton Energy Services, and J.C. Self. Statoil
OTC 8193 Sour Gas Dehydration in Mobile Bay 419
F.C. BettsandA.G. Lay. Mobil E&P U.S.
OTC 8194 Design Considerations in the First UKCS High Pressure/High
Temperature Field 427
J.P. Brubaker. Te.xaco Inc.
OTC 8195 Using an Inhibitor to Combat Erosion-Corrosion in Carbon Steel Piping—
How Much Does it Help? 437
J.R. Shadley, S.A. Shirazi. E. Dayalan. and E.E. Rybicki. U. of Tulsa
OTC 8196 Prevention o f Severe Slugging in the Dunbar 16" Multiphase Pipeline 445
A. Courbot. Total
OTC 8197 Efficient High-Permeability Fracturing Offshore 453
Max Phillipi and Mark Farabee. Halliburton Energy Services
OTC 8198 SCSSV System Design Considerations for Hardy Oil's Deepwater Projects 461
T.L Mclnturff. Oceaneering Production Systems: D.S. Huber. Hardy Od & Gas U.S.A.; and D.P. Bagley, Cameo Products & Services
OTC 8199 Development o f a Self-Equalizing Surface Controlled Subsurface Safety Valve
for Reliability and Design Simplification 471
T.G. Hill Jr. and Rasluni Bhavsar. Cameo Products & Sen'ices Co.
OTC 8201 The Galahad Platform—A State o f the Art Minimum Facilities Installation
for the Southern North Sea 479
H. Salter and R.L Stadler. Mobd North Sea Ltd.
OTC 8202 In-Situ Polymerisation o f an Inflatable Composite Sleeve to Reline Damaged
Tubing and Shut-Off Perforations 487
J.L SaltelandJ. Leigluon. Driliflex; A.M. Faure. Shell Research B.V; and T. Baaijens. Shell UK E&P
OTC 8204 Pompano Subsea Development: A n Example of How Successful Client/Contractor
Relationships Result in Effective Project Execution 497
S.M. Preston and T.D. Caldwell. BP Exploration; M.M. Beckmann. Brown & Root; R.E Coffman, Cameron; D. Hanks. GEC-Man oni; and CL Heberi. J. Ray McDermott
OTC 8205 Pompano Subsea Development: Template/Manifold, Tree & ROV
Intervention Systems 509
M.M. Beckmann, Brown & Root; M.L. Byni. J. Hob. andJ.W. Riley, BP E.xploration; C. K. Snell, Brown & Root; C. Tyer. Cameron; and D. Brewster, Oceaneering
OTC 8206 Pompano Subsea Development: Production Control System and Umbilicals 525
R.M. Pricliard, Brown & Root: K.P DeJohn and P. Farrell, BP Exploration: C. Baggs, GEC; and D. Harris, Multiflex
OTC 8207 Pompano Subsea Development—TFL Well Design for Deepwater
Unconsolidated Waxy O i l Reservoirs 537
/ Holt. J.W. Black. A. Meade r. and N. Wfutehead, BP E.xploration
OTC 8208 Pompano Subsea Development—Testing Program 545
Ron Nelson. Kerr-McGee; Ron Berger. Brown & Root: and Clay Tyer, Cameron
OTC 8209 BP Exploration's Pompano Subsea Development: Operational Strategy
for a Subsea Project 557
D. G. Clarke and J.P. Gardner, BP Exploration
OTC 8210 Structural Reliability Assessment o f the Oman India Pipeline 569
A.M. Al-Sharifand R. Preston. Oman Oil Co.
OTC 8211 Improvement in UOE Pipe Collapse Resistance by Thermal Aging 579
A.M. Al-Sharif and R. Preston, Oman Oil Co.
OTC 8212 Simulation of Thick-Walled Submarine Pipeline Collapse Under Bending
and Hydrostatic Pressure 589
A.M. Al-Sharif and R. Preston. Oman Od Co.
OTC 8213 Oman India Pipeline: A n Operational Repair Strategy Based on a Rational
Assessment o f Risk 599
Philip German, Oman Oil Co.
OTC 8215 Fracture Control for the Oman India Pipeline 607
T. V. Briiito. Metallurgical Coimiltanis Inc.
OTC 8218 The Limits of Reliability Theory and the Reliability of Limit State Theory
Applied To Pipelines 619
Andrew Patiner. Science Applications Intl. Corp.
OTC 8219 The Application of Strain Based Design Methods to Achieve Cost Effective
Subsea Pipelines 627
A.C. Walker, U. of Surrey, and K.A.J. Williams and A.H..S. Wickliam. Advanced Mechanics & Engineering Ud.
OTC 8220 The SUPERB Project: Reliability-Based Design Guideline for
Submarine Pipelines 639
Torbjorn Sotberg. SINTEF; Roberto Bruschi, Snamprogetti: and Kim Mork. Det Norske Veritas
OTC 8221 Defining Coiled Tubing Limits—A New Approach 647
K.R. Newman. U.B. Saihuvaili. cmd LR. Stone. CTES. LC. and S. Wolhart. GRl
OTC 8222 Subgouge Deformations and the Security o f Arctic Marine Pipelines 657
Christopher Woodworth-Lynas. C-Core; Dcrick Nixon. Nixon Geotech: Ryan FIn'llips. C-Cote: ami Andrew Pahner, Science Applications Intl. Corp.
OTC 8224 Coiled Tubing Workover Saves Horizontal Well in Lake Maracaibo 665
Ken Ltzak and James Patterson. Servicios Halliburton de Venezuela, and Diego .Juarez and Jose Solas. luig<n'en SA
OTC 8225 Coiled Tubing Deployed ESP on the Auk Platform 673
D.W. Stewart. Shell U.K. E&P: Paul Watkins. Centrilift; and R.J. Holtslag. A. Hiuhon. P.Y. Wee. andB. McCleery Shell U.K E&P
OTC 8227 Coiled Tubing Drilling: Real Time M W D With Dedicated Powers to the B H A . . . . 679
Dwayne Lel.\iner. Cameo Products & Services; Brock Williams. BP E.xphiraiiim (.•\laska); and John Pursell. Cameo Coiled Tubing Services
OTC 8228 Design, Construciion, and Use of a Coil Tubing Drilling Structure for Onshore
and Offshore Operations 689
R.E. Frishmaih. Engineering Cybernetics Inc.; J.C. Pursell and R.J. Middleion. Cameo Coiled Tubing Services; and CO. Parker. BP Exploratiim
OTC 8229 Solutions and Procedures To Assure the Flow in Deepwater Conditions 703
M.G.EM. Gomes. F.B. Pereira. and A.C.E Lino. Petrobras S.A.
OTC 8230 Waxy Crude Oil Production in the South China Sea 713
W.R. Low. Phillips Petroleum Co.. ami E.J. Gerber and LA. Simek. John Brown
OTC 8231 Measurement of Break Away Yield Stress of Waxy Crude O i l and Pipeline
Restart System Design 721
7^A/. Williams. J.J.C. Hsu. and H.L. Patterson. Texaco Inc.
OTC 8232 Simple Hydrodynamic Models for the Prediction of Pig Motions in Pipelines 729
LF.A. Azevedo. A.M.B. Braga. A.O. Nieckele. and M.F. Naccache. Pontijlcia U. CatoUca do Rio de Janeiro, and M.G.E.M. Comes. Petrobras S.A.
OTC 8234 Effect of Undcr-Inhibition With Methanol and Ethylene Glycol on the
Hydrate Control Process 741
M.H. Yousif. I IT Research InstituteAVestpnrt Technidogy Center Intl.
OTC 8235 Formation of Hydrates in Shut-Down Pipelines in Offshore Conditions 749
Y.E Makogon, Te.xas A&M U.
OTC 8236 Albacora Manifold—The Deepest Subsea Manifold Installed lo Date 757
P Couto, CBV: C. Moreira andL. Rilwiro, Petrobrds; S. Dantas, CBV; andR. Waskoviak, FMC
OTC 8237 Installation of a Production Manifold in 2000 Ft. Water Depth Offshore Brazil 763
F.E. Roveri, M.C. de Oliveira. and M.J. Moretti. Petrobrds
OTC 8238 Subsea Manifolds Optimization—The Combination of Mature and
New Technologies 775
CA.S. Paulo, Petrobrds S.A.
OTC 8239 Further Advances in Deepwater Flowline Connection Technology 785
J.R. Moreira. M.B. Cerqueira. G.J.R. Siiva. and F.J. Nagle, Petrobrds
OTC 8240 Subsea Valve Actuator for Ulfra Deepwater 799
S.ZAli, B.K. Moiuemayor, H.B. Skeels. ami M.R. Williams. FMC Corp.
OTC 8241 Deepwater Tests of Wet Mateable Electrical and Hydraulic Connectors 811
D.W. Johnson and Jerry Henkener, Soiahwest Research Insl.. and Bruce Volkert, BMP Petroleum
OTC 8242 Experience From First 100 Tie-Ins at Troll Oil 821
P.O. Halle, Kvarner Energy a.s.
OTC 8243 The Future of Regulations for the Deepwater G O M 829
J. Regg, Minerals Management Service: A. Verirt, Te.xaco: M.A. Stair. Stair and Assocs.; and W. Hauser. Minerals Management Service
OTC 8244 DeepStar Evaluation of Subsea Trees and Manifold Concepts 835
KG. Kirkland. Intec Engineering Inc.; E.M. Richardson. Mobil R&D; and Chris Hey. Te.xaco OED
OTC 8245 Steel Catenary Risers for Semisubmersible Based Floating Production Systems . . . 845
P.R. Hays, Te.xaco Inc.
OTC 8247 Insulated Flowline Technology for Deep Water 861
R.N. Tucker, Intec Engineering Inc.; P.R. Hays, Te.xaco Inc.; J.K. Antani. Intec Engineering Inc.
OTC 8248 DeepStar III—What's New for 1996 875
P.R. Hays, Texaco Inc., and J.E. Cliitwood, Chitwood Engineers
OTC 8250 The Mustique/Shasta Project: A Small Operator's Deepwater
Management Challenge 881
D.S. Huber, Independent Consultant, and CD. Smith. Hardy Oil & Gas U.S.A. Inc.
OTC 8251 Shasta/Mustique Subsea Equipment Platform Interface and Operability 895
A.T. Jejferies. H.O. Mohr Research i - Engineering Inc.:
C Loegering. Hardy Od & Gas U.S.A. Inc.; Don Steib. Te.xaco E&P Inc.; and D.R. Sclilater. Kvterner FSSL Ltd.
OTC 8252 Horizontal Subsea Trees for the Shasta Development: A n Operators Perspective . . . 905
D. Larimer. Te.xaco North Sea U.K. Co.
OTC 8253 Partnering in Practice: Deepwater Pipelay Gulf of Mexico 913
M.S. Williams and M.D. Eckert. Global Industries Ltd.
OTC 8254 ADS Support for Hardy Oil's Subsea Projects: Simple and Cost Effective 921
Norb Gorman. Oceaneering Ind. Inc.; Gary McCidlougli. Intec Engineering Inc.; and Dan Subick. Te.xaco E&P Inc.
OTC 8255 Umbilical Design and Installation for Mustique and Shasta Tie-Backs 931
D.A. Hibhs, Oceaneering Production Systems: M.T. Cunningham. Oceaneering Intervention Engineering; and Norb Gorman, Oceaneering Intl.
