/ T E E L
P R O D U C T IO N • P R O C E S S IN G - D IS T R IB U T IO N • U S E For forty-eight y e a r s -I R O N T R A D E REVIEW'
E D ITO R IA L STAFF E. L. Shaner, Editor
E. C. Kreutzberg, Development Manager A . J . Ham, Managing Editor
Associate Editors
E. F. Ross J . D. Knox
G . H. Manlove J . A . Cronin W. L. Hammerquist F. E. Gooding
NEW YO RK
B. K. Price L. E. Browne
PITTSBURGH D. R. James
C H IC A G O W. G . Gude DETROIT A . H. A llen W A SH IN G T O N
L. M . Lamm L O N D O N Vincent Delport
BUSINESS STAFF G . O . Hays, Business Manager R. T. Mason, Circulation Manager
C. H. Bailey, Service Manager NEW YO RK
E. W. Kreutzberg B. C. Snell PITTSBURGH
S. H. Jasper D. C. Kiefer C H IC A G O
L. C. Pelott W. F. O 'D ell C L E V E L A N D
R. C. Jaenke
Member, Audit Bureau of Circulations;
Associated Business Papers Inc., and National Publishers* Association.
Published every Monday. Subscription In the United States, Cuba, M exico and Canada, one year St, tw o years
$G; European and foreign countries, one year S10. Single copies (current issues) 25c.
Entered as second class matter at the postofllce at Cleveland, under the Act of March 3, 1879. Copyright 1937 by the Fenton Publishing Co.
August 23, 1937
Æ o n te n tô . . . A ugust 2 3 , 1937
V o lu m e 101 - N o . 8
" ‘ o t l r t c , , v/': HNiki j
Reader Comments ... n
As the Editor View s the N ew s ... 15
W age Problem Impedes Steel Buying by Railroads ... 17
China and Japan Negotiate for Steel ... 18
W eirton W orkers Demonstrate Against C IO and N L R B . . . . 19
M etalworking Machinery Exports 62 Per Cent over 1929 . . . 21
Steelworks Operations for the W eek ... 22
First H alf Pig Iron Output Shows Strong Gain ... 22
Men o f Industry ... 23
Obituaries ... 24
Activities o f Steel Users and Makers ... 25
Financial News of the Steel Industry ... 25
Meetings ... 26
Heavy Steel Products Gain 27 Mirrors o f M otordom ... 29
W in dow s o f W ashington ... 33
H o w Synchronize School Output with Job M arket?— Editorial ... jg T h e Business T rend— Charts and Statistics ... 36
Autom atic Gas Carburizing o f Ring Gears ... 38
Manufacture o f Chilled Car Wheels ... 42
Materials H andling ... 49
W elding, etc.— Robert E. Kinkycad ... 57
Surface Treatment and Finishing o f Metals ... 58
Progress in Steelmaking ... 62
Power Drives ... gg N ew Equipment Descriptions ... 70
Recent Publications o f Manufacturers ... 76
Market Reports and Prices ...77-96 N ew Construction and Incorporations ... 97 Index to Advertisers ... I()_.
Published by THE PEN TO N PUBLISH ING C O ., Penton Building, Cleveland, O . John A . Penton, Chairman o f B o ard; E. L. Shaner, President
and Treasurer; J. R. Dawley and G . O . Hays, Vice Presidents; F. G . Steinebach, Secretary.
BRANCH OFFICES
New Y ork ...220 Broadway Cincinnati 418-430 Slnton Hotel Chicago Peoples Gas Building ®on S , ni*SCOn ' ii< ' Mil via St.
Berkeley, Calif., Tel. Berk. 7354-W Pittsburgh 1650 Koppers Building:... L on don ... .. ... Caxton House D etroit 1010 Stephenson Building- Berlin Westminster, S. W. 1 Washington^^fzrthMjal Press Building Berlin, N. W. 40, R oonstrasse 10
^ V-\ 13
i.6 A PR 4 2
F L A S H E R P A N F O R SALT CRYSTALLIZATION
This oddly shaped pan is electrically welded from M onel sheet. It stands a pressure test of 30 p.s.i. The interior had to be made smooth and to stay smooth.
The plates were veed from the inside and welded from inside. Result: it passed all tests, and the surface was perfectly uniform.
S E A T S F O R BOULDER DAM'S GATE VALVES
Repairs on Boulder D a m w o u l d be costly; so materials w e r e s p e c i f i e d which would post
pone repairs indefi
nitely: Pictured here is a M o n e l seated liner for the 32-ft.
dia. gate valves o f the water intake.
To Do This Job Well . . . M ON EL Uses These Properties
1 . Has high strength and stifTness to pre
vent distortion from internal pressure (tested to 30 lb.).
2. Hardness to resist wearing action of salt crystals.
3. Rust proof to insure production of quality salt that is pure and white.
4. High resistance to corrosion to give long life and low er costs while handling brine.
5. U n ifo r m r e s is ta n ce to c o r r o s io n avoids roughening of inside polished sur
face and banishes maintenance expense.
6
.
N o lo c a liz e d c o r r o s io n at w e ld s . Monel is a stable metal. The heat of welding does not impair corrosion resistance; so no heat treatment is necessary to restore it.
7. Available in all mill forms — ware
houses at convenient points.
8 . Easily fabricated and readily welded.
Y
O U R tough jo b s . . . th ey’ re n ot don e by any metal because o f just on e property. It takes m ore than just hardness, toughness, o r corrosion resistance to give long- lived, dependable service. T h a t’s w h y M o n e l’s * unrivalled com bination gets it assignments like the w elded salt flasher show n here, o r the seats fo r B ou lder Dam . M o n e l is highly resistant to co rr o sio n . . . that y o u know . But did y o u kn ow that M o n e l is also stronger and tougher than structural carbon steel?
A n d fo r the spots w here you need “ extras” in any p ro p erty, y o u get them in special types o f M on e l created to fill ju st that need. “ K ” M on e l, fo r instance, can be heat treated to obtain a yield poin t in excess o f 100,000 p.s.i. “ R ” M on el is free machining, fo r use in autom atic screw machines. Spe-
4. Readily forged and machined to required seat shape and fastened with forged and machined M onel bolts.
cial castings, too, fo r special needs.
W r it e fo r the condensed rcady-to-use folder on M on el and its properties. A n d fo r any tough jobs you have, ask In co ’s advice.
T H E I N T E R N A T I O N A L N I C K E L C O M P A N Y , IN C .
67 Wall Street N ew York, N . Y
M O N E L
* M o n e l is a registered tra d e -m a r k a p p lie d t o an a ll o y c o n t a in in g a p p r o x im a te ly tw o -th ir d s N i c k e l a n d o n e -th ir d c o p p e r . T h is a ll o y is m in e d , sm e lte d , refin ed , r o l le d a n d m a rk eted s o le ly b y In te rn a tio n a l N i c k e l.
This Job . . . These
1 . High strength to eliminate distortion of seating surfaces under great pressures exerted by the water.
2. Hardness to resist wear during operation o f the valve.
3. Rust proof to eliminate roughening of the seating surface and the resulting leakage.
. . . And For
14 /T E E L
/ T E E L
P R O D U C T IO N • P R O C E S S IN G • D IS T R IB U T IO N • U S E
, ViO*2£ ? R E S t A H C H
L -lâH A P îY / J i* 9 T m c * L c o -
the £ d .ito t l/ieusâ the A/eu/ó
A
S Y E T , b e a tin g o f w a r d ru m s in th e O rien t h a s n o t a ffe c te d in d u s tr y se v e r e ly . In sp ite o f th e f e r o c i t y o f th e fig h tin g , d ip lo m a tic r e la tio n s b e tw e e n th e C h in ese an d J a p a n ese g o v e r n m en ts h a v e n o t bee n se v e re d , n o r h a s P re sid e n t R o o s e v e lt in v o k e d th e n e u t r a lity a ct, w h ich a u to m a tic a lly w o u ld b a r c e r ta in sh ip m e n ts f r o m th is c o u n tr y to th e e m b r o ile d n a tio n s . T o d a te th e c h ie f e f f e c t o f th e c o n flic t u p on c o m m e r c e h a s been a sh arp r ise in v e s s e l r a te s (p p . 18, 3 4 ) an d s h ift in g th e d e stin a tio n o f A m e r ic a n ste e l fr o m S h a n g h a i to H o n g K o n g o r M a n ila . D u e to c o n fu s io n in S h a n g h a i, A m e r ica n im p o r t e r s a re e x p e r ie n c in g d iffic u lty in o b ta in in g q u o ta tio n s on tu n g s te n ore.
S p e a k in g o f fo r e ig n tra d e, e x p o r t s o f m a ch in e ry h a v e s t a g e d an e n c o u r a g in g c o m e b a c k sin ce th e low p o in t o f th e d e p re ss io n . T o t a l e x p o r t s o f all m a ch in e r y f o r th e first s ix m o n th s o f 1937 w e re 31 11 ,2 47 ,0 41 (p . 2 0 ), c o m p a r e d w ith $1 49 ,2 70 ,3 63 in th e sa m e p e r io d o f 1929. E x p o r ts o f p o w e r -d r iv e n m e t a lw o r k in g m a c h in e r y (m a c h in e t o o ls ) to t a lin g $2 7,76 9,77 4 in th e first h a lf o f 1937 to p p e d th e $1 7,12 8,49 0 f o r th e first h a lf o f 1929 b y 62 p e r ce n t. W o r ld w id e e c o n o m ic im p r o v e m e n t is c r e d ite d w ith m u c h o f th is im p ressiv e sh o w in g , a lth o u g h r e c e n tly th e r a c e f o r r e a rm a m e n t a m o n g th e le a d in g n a tio n s h a s been a d om in a n t fa c t o r .
M a c h in e Tool Exports H ig h
T h e c o s t o f th e p a s tim e o f b a itin g th e ra ilr o a d s b y p o litic ia n s an d la b o r b lo c s is e a s ily tra n sla te d in to te r m s o f v o lu m e o f m a te r ia ls a n d e q u ip m e n t w h ich th e c a r r ie r s p u rch a se d f r o m th e iron , ste e l a n d m e ta lw o r k in g in d u strie s . F r e ig h t c a r a w a rd s in th e first q u a r te r o f 1937 (p . 17 ) c o m p a r e d fa v o r a b ly w ith th ose in th e sa m e q u a r te r o f e v e r y r e ce n t y e a r e x c e p t 1929.
T h e r o a d s s t ill n eed m o r e c a r s an d m a n y o th e r item s, b u t th e y are h a ra ss e d b y d e m a n d s f o r sh a rp w a g e in cre a s e s b y se v e r a l g r o u p s o f e m p lo y e s w h ich Baiting H o ld s
Back Railroads
w o u ld a d d $1 50 ,0 00 ,0 00 to th e r a ilr o a d s ’ w a g e bill.
P e n d in g fe d e r a l le g is la tio n th a t w o u ld lim it tra in s to 70 lo a d e d o r 125 u n lo a d e d c a r s is a fu r th e r th re a t to o p e r a t in g e ffic ie n c y an d e a r n in g s. T h e r a ilr o a d m a te r ia l a n d e q u ip m e n t m a rk e t is a t t r a c tive p o te n tia lly , bu t it, lik e m a n y o th e r lin e s o f a c tiv ity , is h eld b a ck b y u n c e rta in tie s o f p o litic a l o rig in .
O ne o f th e o ld e s t m e ta llu r g ic a l in d u s tr ie s — th e m a n u fa c tu r e o f ch ille d c a r w h e e ls— is fin d in g th a t s y s te m a tic la b o r a t o r y p r o ce d u r e is r e s u ltin g in m a rk e d im p ro v e m e n ts in m e th o d s w h ich a lr e a d y h a d r e a ch e d a h ig h s ta te o f p e r fe c t io n . E x te n s iv e r e se a r c h y ie ld e d a d efin ite h e a t tr e a tin g c y c le (p . 4 2 ) w h ic h p r o v id e s an in cre a se o f fr o m 30 to 40 p e r c e n t in s t r e n g th an d a u n ifo r m ity in str e n g th h e r e t o fo r e u n o b ta in a b le . A n ew u n it ty p e o f pit, n o w b e in g in sta lle d in w h eel fo u n d r ie s , en a b les th e m a k e rs to fo llo w th e d e fin ite h ea t tr e a tin g c y c le w ith a h ig h d e g re e o f a c c u r a c y . T h e ch ille d c a r w h e e l m a n u fa c tu r e r s a g a in p r o v e th e e ffe ctiv e n e s s o f th e f o r m u la : D e v e lo p an im p r o v e d m e th o d b y r esea rch , th en re d u ce it to r o u tin e in a ll p la n ts.
H o w Research Pays Its W a y
W atching the Creep of Steel
A tu rb in e e x p e r t s ta te s th a t ste a m p o w e r p la n ts in th e U n ited S ta te s bu rn a b o u t th e sa m e a m o u n t o f c o a l n ow as in 1920 b u t th e y g e n e r a te tw ice as m u ch e le c tr ic ity . M u ch o f th e in c r e a s e d e ffic ie n c y is due to th e u se o f h ig h e r stea m te m p e ra tu re s (p . 4 6 ) a n d th is in flicts te r r ific p u n is h m e n t u p on th e m a te r ia ls in tu rb in es. It a c c e n tu a te s th e im p o rta n ce o f th e
“ s t r e t c h ” o r cre e p o f steel. W a t c h in g cre e p u n d e r te s t— w eek a ft e r w eek , m o n th a ft e r m o n th — a f f o r d s a m a z in g in fo r m a t io n as to th e b e h a v io r o f m a te ria ls u n d er h e a t a n d p re ss u re . . . . E v e r y b o d y w ill a g r e e th a t th e a u to m o b ile in d u s tr y h a s w o rk e d m ira cle s in d e v e lo p in g fin ish es f o r steel. O r g a n iz a tio n o f c o -o p e r a tiv e e ffo r t (p . 5 8 ) is p a r t ly r e s p o n sib le f o r a d v a n c e s in p la tin g , p a in tin g a n d e n a m e lin g
— a n d in th e c o m p le m e n t a r y o p e r a tio n o f r u s t- p r o o fin g .
August 23, 1937 15
Pouring hot metal into an Inland open hearth fu rn ace
T o d a y In la n d ’s p rod u ct is n o t
steel
butsteels.
For every heat that passesth rou gh the m ill is checked to definite specifications. Elem ents are a d d ed ;
processes are altered. T h e custom er finds that through In la n d ’s w ell co -o rd i
nated organization he is able to get better steel fo r his particular purpose. So
m uch may be saved by securing a steel
exactly
suited to your particular needs— that w e urge you to take advantage o f Inland m etallurgical coop eration .
INLAND STEEL COMPANY
General Offices: 38 So. Dearborn St., Chicago,Illinois • Offices in: Detroit— Kansas City— Milwaukee— St. louis— St. Paul
U jgrr
SHEETS «STRIP* B A R S TIN P L A T E • PLA TES S T R U C T U R A L S P I L I N G • R A I L S A N D A C C E S S O R IE S
Railroads Rejuvenated, but W age Problem
Impedes Steel
Buying
R
a i l r o a d s w in p rov id e less b u sin ess f o r steel p rod u cers d u rin g th e secon d h a lf o f this y e a r than th ey did d u rin g the first six m on th s, an d w h ile r e c o v e r y fr o m the cu rren t lull is in p rosp ect, the ex ten t o f fr e ig h t ca r and lo c o m o tiv e bu y in g w ill depend in la rg e m ea su re u pon v a rio u s fa c to r s a ffe ctin g costs and earn in gs.T h is rep resen ts th e v iew s o f ra il
road, e q u ip m en t and steel interests.
I f th e o u tlo o k f o r ra ilroa d steel sales w e re regu la ted o n ly b y th e p r o s p e c tive trend in g en e ra l b u sin ess a c tivity and fr e ig h t tra ffic d u rin g c o m in g m on th s, a m o re fa v o r a b le p ic tu re cou ld be draw n, sin ce th e task o f reh a b ilita tin g ra ilro a d fa cilitie s is fa r fr o m co m p le te despite th e su b stan tial p r o g r e s s m ade d u rin g the y ea r to date.
B u t th e ca rriers still a re rea d in g the m en u fr o m rig h t to left, and th eir financial p o sition is n ot su ffi
cien tly secu re to p e rm it m a k in g all o f th e cap ital exp en d itu res th at b u si
ness r e co v e ry o rd in a rily w o u ld dic
tate. T ru e, earn in g s h ave im p rov ed
so fa r this year, bu t on ly m o d e r
ately. N et op era tin g in com e f o r the first h a lf w as 25 per cent ahead o f 1936, bu t on an annual basis, this represented a retu rn o f less than 3 p er cent on p ro p e rty investm ent.
A t the m om en t the q u estion o f w ages lo om s la rg e as an im p ed i
m en t to m o re liberal sp en din g. T h e recen t g ra n tin g o f an in crease o f 5 cents an h ou r to n on -operatin g e m p loy e s adds $98,000,000 an n ually to th e railroad s’ la b o r costs.
O pera tin g M en S eek R a ise O p era tin g w o rk e rs w an t a 20 p er cent b o ost in pay. T h e y w ill settle f o r less than this, bu t sh ou ld th ey receiv e on e-qu arter o f th eir dem an d the to ta l annual in crease in w a g es o f all em p loy e s w ou ld b e a b ou t $150,- 000,000.
T h is w ou ld w ip e ou t p ra ctica lly all o f th e an ticip ated gain o v e r last y ea r in net o p era tin g in co m e f o r 1937, and th e net f o r the first h a lf o f this y ea r w as 48 p er cen t less than in th e like 1929 period. O bv iou sly , presen t ea rn in g s w ill n ot su p p o rt a
sp en d in g p r o g r a m o f p re-d ep ression p rop o rtion s.
T h is is n ot to im p ly th at th e r e cen t brisk a c tiv ity in ra ilroa d stee l p rod u ctio n w ill en d a b ru p tly an d b e rep laced by an in defin ite p e rio d o f p o o r dem an d. T h e re a re w ell- fou n d e d e x p e cta tio n s th at th e s u m m e r du lln ess in fr e ig h t c a r b u y in g w ill be fo llo w e d b y ren ew ed p u r
ch a sin g la te r th is y ear, b u t it is th o u g h t lik e ly th at su ch o r d e rs w ill be p r in cip a lly f o r d e liv e r y n e x t sp rin g and w ill p ro v id e o n ly m o d erate su p p o rt to finished ste e l p r o du ction d u rin g th e fo u r th q u a rter.
S h ou ld th e in terstate com m erce- c o m m issio n g ra n t th e ra ilr o a d s ’ p etition f o r h ig h e r rates, an d should:
tr a ffic an d e a rn in g s in crea s e more- ra p id ly than is an ticip ated , prospects^
f o r eq u ip m en t sa les w o u ld be c o r r e sp o n d in g ly en hanced.
O v er th e lo n g pu ll, h o w e v e r, the- co n sta n t ra is in g o f fr e ig h t ra tes is- re g a rd e d w ith m isg iv in g s in v ie w o f the stea d y in roa d s th at c o m p e tin g fo r m s o f tra n sp orta tion h a v e m ade in to b u sin ess fo r m e r ly e n jo y e d b y
August 23, 1937 17
railroad s, a d iv ersion th at has in
crea sed w ith each b o o s t in rail ch a rg es.
T h e n eed f o r a co n tin u a tion o f fr e ig h t c a r b u y in g is em p h a sized b y .the fa c t th at n ew ca r in stallation s h a v e fa ile d to k e ep p a ce w ith r e tirem ents. In stalla tion s b y C lass I ra ilroa d s o f 34,187 n e w fr e ig h t cars in th e first h a lf this y ear, a lth ou g h th e g re a te st sin ce 1930, w e re 21,- 970 less th an th e 56,094 ca rs retired.
C ars on lin e J u ly 1 n u m b ered 1,697,- 545, a g a in st 1,742,459 a y e a r a g o.
W h ile th e d ecrea se sin ce 1929 is 579,950 cars, this is p a rtly o ffse t by th e in crea se in a v e r a g e c a r ca p a city and fa s te r train speed.
M o re th an 43 p er cen t o f ca rs on lin e a re m o r e than 20 y e a rs old and re p rese n t p ro sp e ctiv e rep la cem en ts to be m a d e b e fo r e lon g . A b o u t 20 per c e n t o f the ca rs are m o r e than 25 y e a r s old. O n Ju ly 1 th ere w as a su r
plu s o f 128,078 ca rs w h ile 184,313, o r 10.9 p e r cen t o f the total, w e re listed as a w a itin g repairs. T w e lv e m on th s e a rlie r ba d-order ca rs totaled 254,- 447.
A b o u t 40,000 n ew cars n o w are on ord e r, m a n y o f w h ich w ill b e de
liv e re d in tim e f o r th e fa ll p ea k in fr e ig h t tra ffic. T h ese fig u res w ou ld seem to in dicate that w h ile so m e pin ch m a y o c c u r in b r id g in g the O cto b e r s u r g e in ca r loa d in gs, th ere is u n lik ely to be a se rio u s o r su s
ta in ed sh o r ta g e o f r o llin g stock . Fear Train-Limitation Legislation
A n o th e r fa c to r ex p ected to in flu en ce eq u ip m en t b u y in g is pen din g fe d e r a l leg isla tion design ed to lim it train le n g th s to 70 ca rs loaded and 125 ca rs u nloaded. S h ou ld this m e a su re b e c o m e effe ctiv e there w o u ld be a sh o r ta g e o f m otiv e p o w e r b e ca u se th e ra ilroa d s h ave an in su fficien t su rp lu s o f lo c o m o tiv e s to han dle th e ex tra trains th at w ou ld b e requ ired . L o c o m o tiv e b u y in g w o u ld be stim u la ted th ereby , bu t th e ad d ition a l c o s t in cu rred by train-len gth lim ita tion w o u ld im p a ir earn in g s and m ig h t h a v e an e ffect on pu rch ases o f fr e ig h t cars.
It is c o m m o n fo r c a r and lo c o m o tive ord e rs to be bu n ch ed in the first an d fo u rth q u a rte rs o f th e year,
Dom estic Freight Car A w ard s
1st 4th Y ea rly
Q u a rter Q u a rter T ota l
1925 11,935 39,715 77,110
1926 30,620 15,755 64,475
1927 25,625 16,972 63,295
1928 17,338 13,792 44,763
1929 41,163 34,977 106,105
1930 28,217 9,466 45,146
1931 2,316 1,026 10,694
1932 299 52 1,739
1933 8 1,363 2,460
1934 19,907 439 23,829
1935 833 11,450 19,308
1936 9,582 27,210 64,643
1937 30,933 *47,015
*Seven m onths.
and th e sh arp declin e in ca r b u y in g the pa st th ree m on th s p a rtly is a c
cou n ted f o r by the fa c t that bu ild ers w e re su p p lied w ith a b ou t all the ord ers th ey c ou ld c o m p lete in tim e fo r the equ ip m en t this fall.
C ar loa d in gs in va riab ly rea ch the y e a r ’s h igh early in th e fo u rth qu arter, this bein g a sea son al trend.
W ith the su bsequ en t w in ter slum p, dem an d f o r rollin g sto ck eases, h en ce the g rea test need f o r bu ildin g up ca r su pplies is d u rin g th e c u r ren t qu arter. R a il b u y in g is also don e la rg e ly n ear the y e a r end.
T h e a cco m p a n y in g table indicates the p rep on d era n ce o f ca r aw a rds d u rin g th e first and final qu arters.
T h is trend w as distorted d u rin g the dep ression bu t w a s g en era lly tru e d u rin g th e m o r e settled y ea rs. In 1936 th ere w as rela tiv ely g o o d de
m and d u rin g the se con d and th ird qu arters also, bu t this w as n e ces
sitated b y su stained bu siness r e c o v ery w h ich fou n d ra ilroa d fa cilities deteriorated as a resu lt o f y ea rs o f in adequate replacem en ts.
In sp ite o f th eir im paired finances, th e railroad s h ave con trib u ted h ea v ily to im p rov ed in du strial a c
tivity. L ast y ea r th ey sp en t about 8770,000,000 fo r n ew e q u ip m en t and m aterials, th e la rg e st a m ou n t sp en t sin ce 1930. T h e y b o u g h t m o r e fr e ig h t ca rs and lo c o m o tiv e s than
in a n y y e a r sin ce 1929. S p e n d in g this y e a r has been even faster.
S ig h t sh ou ld n ot b e lost o f th e fa c t th at c om p lete b u sin ess r e co v e r y is fa r fr o m a re a lity as fa r as th e ra ilroa d s are con cern ed. W ith in th e last fo u r y ea rs th ey h a v e retrieved on ly on e-h a lf th e tr a ffic th ey lost fr o m 1929 to 1933. W h ile it is tru e that so m e o f this b u sin ess w a s c a p tured b y c o m p e tin g ty p e s o f c a r riers, th ere are oth er rea son s fo r the la g in ca r loa din gs. B y f a r th e prin cip al ca u se has b een th e fa ilu r e o f bu ildin g c on stru ction to reach its pre-depression statui'e. B u ild in g this y e a r is r o u g h ly a b ou t th ree tim es as a ctive as d u rin g 1932-34 bu t is o n ly a b ou t on e-h a lf th e 1926- 1929 volu m e.
R ea l r e c o v e r y in bu ild in g w ill pu t the ra ilroa d s in a m u ch h ap p ier position . In th e m ea n tim e rail e x ecu tives m a y be ex p e cte d to r e g u late th eir ex p en d itu res in clo se a d ju stm e n t to the tren d in tr a ffic and earn in g s and w ith p a rticu la r e m phasis upon the latter.
Steel Products for China Rerouted
I
N D IC A T IO N S at W a sh in g ton that the n eu tra lity a ct w ill n ot b e inv ok ed f o r the presen t in the Sino- Japan ese co n flict relieved consider- abde ten sion in the e x p o rt m arket at N ew Y ork .
E a rlier in the w eek , on the a ssu m p tion that the act m igh t be in voked, th ere w a s a flu rry o f in qu iries fr o m C h in ese and Japan ese so u rce s f o r a w ide v a rie ty o f steel p ro d u cts and equ ipm ent, and im p ortan t n eg otia tion s w e re rep orted u n der w ay . In W a sh in g to n it w a s p oin ted ou t that w h ile fig h tin g in China has ra g ed f o r s ix w eek s a state o f w a r has n ot been declared, n or has th ere been an o fficia l sev era n ce o f d ip lom a tic relation s. (S e e also p a g e 34.)
S om e o f the e x p o rte rs m ost fa m il
iar w ith the situ ation in the F a r E a st believe that Japan, g iv en an op p o rtu n ity to do so, w ill ch e ck its
First o f a fleet o f six is this new stainless steel, streamlined train for the Roc\ Island Lines, delivered last w ee\ . T h e trains, built by the Edward G. Budd M fg. Co., Philadelphia, are pulled by 1200-horsepower diesel-powered locom otives
built by Electro-M otive Corp. (G eneral M otors subsidiary), LaGrangc, 111.
18 /T E E L
a g g re s sio n in the Sh a n gh a i area, th u s lea v in g the w a y op en f o r a set
tlem ent. Japan, it is said, can n ot b e
c o m e to o ru th less w ith China, b e
ca u se China is its b est cu stom er.
A m erica n steel e x p o rte rs w ith la rg e staffs in C h in a’s c h ie f c o m m ercial cen ter d ev oted con siderable atten tion to a ssu rin g th em selv es o f th e sa fe ty o f th eir e m p lo y e s and fam ilies.
V essel and c a r g o rates in creased rapid ly. Sh ips b ou n d f o r S h anghai w ith steel and oth er c o m m o d ities are ch a n g in g th eir c o u rse to H o n g K on g , w h e re c a r g o e s are to be stored tem p ora rily . S om e ore g o in g to M anila.
A m o n g the lea d in g e x p o rts fro m China o f in terest to the A m erica n ste el in d u stry is tu n gsten ore. D ue to the c o n fu s io n in S h anghai, im porte rs are h a v in g d ifficu lty ob ta in in g q u ota tion s. T h e trend o f prices is s tr o n g ly u pw a rd , but at the m o m en t the m a rk et is d ifficu lt to e s
tablish. C ertain c o n su m ers are dis
posed to w ait p en d in g clarification o f the lon g-ra n g e ou tlook .
E ven sh ou ld h ostilities su bside, a sh arp declin e is n ot e x p ected in tu n gsten o r e prices, as th ere is a h ea v y dem an d fr o m all p a rts o f the w orld .
MUST H A V E BAMBOO STE E L FOR TH E K N IV E S OF CH IN A
B a m b o o steel to the am ou n t o f 1842 ton s w a s sh ipp ed to China f r o m th e U nited S tates in 1936, out o f a tota l o f 3104 ton s im p orted by that cou n try, a c c o r d in g to th e c u r re n t issu e o f Ir o n and S te e l F o r t n ig h tly , pu blish ed b y th e d ep a rt
m en t o f com m erce .
B a m b o o steel is p ecu lia r to the C h in ese m a rk et. It is used fo r m a n u fa c tu r e o f scissors, k n iv es and o th e r cu ttin g d ev ices f o r w h ich the C h in ese co n s id e r o r d in a r y steel too so ft. It is im p orted in ba rs ab ou t 33 in ch es lo n g , in d ia m e te rs fr o m
% -inch to 1 inch.
T r a n sv e rs e rid g e s on the ba rs so m ew h a t r e se m b le the jo in ts o f b a m b o o, h en ce the n am e. Its h isto ry da tes b a ck to the first im p orta tion o f steel in to China, as r ecord e d in th e 1859 cu stom s retu rn s, 16 y ea rs a ft e r S h a n g h a i had been open ed to c o m m e rce , p r e ce d in g th e im p o rta tion o f m ild steel.
T h e sto r y is th at a C h in ese m er
c h a n t w a s in need o f sp ecial-size ba rs and p la ce d an o r d e r w ith a B ritish firm . T h e latter, p ressed fo r tim e, n ot h a v in g ro lle r s su itab le fo r the sizes, cut sm a ll g r o o v e s in its r o lls to re m e d y the d ifficu lty . T h ese p rod u ced th e ba m b oo -lik e ridges.
W h e n th e C h in ese m e rch a n t r e pea ted his o r d e r sm ooth b a rs w e re sen t but h e re fu se d to a ccep t them . T h e y co u ld n ot be th e sa m e qu ality as th e first, h e insisted. S in ce th at tim e th e rid g es h av e m a rk ed all steel f o r this pu rpose.
E
IG H T th ou san d e m p lo y es of W eirton Steel Co. stag ed a p r o test d em on stration Sunday, A u g . 15 against the CIO and n ational la bor relations board. Banners a v errin g sa tisfa ction w ith presen t e m p lo y m en t con dition s and pleadin g f o r cessa tion o f CIO and N L R B in te r fe r en ce w e re carried b y the th ro n g as it paraded sev eral m iles, o v e r W e ir ton, W . Va., streets under a blazin g sun.T y p ica l p lacard s w ere: “ T h is Is O ur A n sw e r to th e N L R B : W e A re H a p p y and C on ten ted,” and “ L et Us A lo n e .”
S ev eral th ou san d oth er w o rk e rs w e re b u sy in the m ills and w e re u n able to jo in the parade, w h ich w as sp on so red by th e S ecu rity league, a socia l and in su ran ce ben efit a s so cia tion o f em p loyes.
T o C ov e field m a rch ed the 8000.
H ere S en a tor R u sh D. H olt, W est V irg in ia ’s an ti-adm inistration D e m o crat, threatened a sen atorial in vesti
g ation o f the la b or b oa rd ’s “ u n fa ir”
and “ high-handed ta ctics” . . . “ un less it stop s th ose ev erla stin g lo p sided d ecision s.” B oth Joh n L.
L ew is and th e N L R B a rc w o rk in g tow a rd the sa m e end and th e boa rd is a “ union ization sch em e f o r L e w is’
C IO ,” S en a tor H olt declared.
C itin g L e w is ’ fa ilu re to im p rov e con dition s o f the co a l m in ers m a te
rially, th e sen a tor com p a red a v e ra g e w e ek ly ea rn in g s: $22.20 f o r th e m in ers and $38.49 f o r W e ir to n e m p loy es (ba sed on Ju n e).
C on g ressm a n A rth u r P. L a m n eck , C olum bu s, O., ad vised steelw o rk ers to “ org a n ize y o u r ow n union and tell L e w is to g o to h ell.”
M an y o f the w o rk e r s on M onday
trek ked to n earby N ew C u m b erlan d w h ere the h ea rin g on th e b o a rd ’s c om p la in t a g a in st the W e irto n c o m p a n y g o t u n der w ay . E dw a rd G randison S m ith , president, b oa rd o f g o v e r n o r s, W e s t V irg in ia u n i
v ersity, w as trial exam in er.
N ew C u m berlan d w a s “ dressed u p ” f o r th e occa sion . L a r g e red-let
tered banners, h u n g o v e r the h ig h w ays at the tow n lim its and o v e r th e street lea d in g to th e cou rth ou se , de
clared :
“ N e w C u m berlan d W e lc o m e s W e irto n Steel E m p lo y e s .”
O utside the co u rth o u s e b o y s and ad ults se t up p o p and sa n d w ich stands. In sid e ch u rch ben efits w ere a rran ged. F o o d w a s a p r o b le m as the c o m m u n ity n orm a lly has on ly o n e sm a ll restau ran t. A lo n g h ear
in g ensued, w ith te s tim o n y s h o w in g h o w the tow n o f W e irto n w a s bu ilt u p by th e steel co m p a n y , and a fe w fo r m e r e m p lo y e s a irin g th eir g r ie v ances.
IN L A N D STE E L H E A R IN G M A Y LA ST TH REE MORE M ON TH S
Inland Steel C o.’s h ea rin g b e fo r e the n ational la b o r rela tion s board at C h ica g o has c o m p le te d its eighth w eek, bu t the presen ta tion o f testi
m o n y ap pears lik ely to exten d s e v eral m ore m on th s. In lan d a ttorn ey s recen tly offe re d 1000 w itn esses, w o rk e r s w h o at o n e tim e w e re m e m bers o f th e S W O C but w h o resigned.
H e a rin g o f th ese w itn esses, at the presen t rate, w ill re q u ire ab ou t th ree m on th s.
T h e boa rd con ten ds the c o m p a n y v iolated th e la b o r a ct in r e fu s in g to r e co g n iz e th e u n ion as b a rg a in in g a g e n cy f o r e m p loyes. In lan d m a in Bearing banners denouncing CIO , these workers are pan o f the ]8oo w ho paraded
through W eirton, W . Va.
One “Red Letter
”Day in Weirton; New Cumberland Bids Steelworkers Welcome
August 23, 1937 19
tains th e S W O C w as n ot en titled to a ct in that ca p a city b eca u se it did n ot h ave a m a jo r ity o f th e w o rk ers.
THOM PSON PRODUCTS INC.
TO R ESIST N LR B ORDER
T h o m p s o n P ro d u cts In c., C lev e
land, la st w ee k re fu se d to o b e y a n ation a l la b or relation s b oa rd o r d e r u ntil req u ired to do so b y th e fe d e r a l cou rts. T h e b oa rd h ad o r dered th e c o m p a n y to rein sta te w ith b a ck p a y th ree m en a lle g e d ly d is
m issed f o r union a ctivity.
C on ten d in g th e m en w e re dis
ch a rg e d f o r “ ju s t and su fficien t r e a so n ,” th e co m p a n y asserted the trial e x a m in e r la ck e d in d u stria l e x p e ri
en ce and "a p p a r e n tly su bstitu ted his p erso n a l th eories o f h o w a business sh ou ld be ru n .” C h a rg es a g a in st the com p a n y , m a n u fa ctu re rs o f b o lts and v a lv es, w e re filed by the U nited A u to m o b ile W o r k e r s A p ril 19.
M E C H A N IZA T IO N OFFSETS IN C R E A SE IN UABOR COSTS
M ech an iza tion and te ch n olo g ica l im p ro v em e n ts sin ce th e beg in n in g o f th e c en tu ry h ave o ffse t th e e ffect o f a m a rk ed in crea se in la b or costs and h a v e m ade p ossib le g re a te r p rod u ction and im p ro v e d prod u cts w ith ou t m a teria lly in crea sin g prices to the c on su m e r, a c c o rd in g to the N a t i o n a l In d u stria l C o n feren ce board, N e w Y ork .
A lth o u g h la b o r costs in m a n u fa c tu rin g in du stry, as represen ted b y a v e ra g e h o u r ly earn in gs, h a v e in crea sed o v e r 300 p er cent a b o v e th e 1899 level, p rices o f m a n u fa ctu red p rod u cts h a v e risen o n ly 67 p er cent a b o v e th at y ear. T h e ex ten t to w h ich p ro d u ction im p rov e m en ts h ave con trib u ted to k eep dow n p rices in the fa c e o f risin g la b or c osts is in dicated in p a rt b y the su bstantial in crea se in “ installed
p rim a ry p o w e r ” and by a g ra du a l d eclin e in th e a m ou n t o f la b o r r e qu ired in p ro p o rtio n to ou tput.
D ata in th e cen su s o f m a n u fa c
tures sh o w th at b etw een 1899 and 1929 th ere w a s an in crease o f 331 p er cen t in in stalled p o w e r. T h e in dex o f m an-h ou rs p er unit o f p r o d uct, as com p u ted b y th e boa rd , is n o w a p p ro x im a te ly 58 p er cent b e
lo w th e 1899 level.
TE N N E SSE E CO. PROVIDES
“ CASH D A Y ” FOR EM PLOYES T en n essee Coal, Iron & R a ilroad Co. has an n ou n ced a n ew p a yroll sy stem e ffe ctiv e Sept. 1 w h ereb y th ere w ill be a “ cash d a y ” betw een re g u la r pa y days.
O fficials said the step w as taken to assist e m p lo y es w h o are c o n fro n ted w ith a n ecessity f o r im m e
diate cash, o r are bein g fo r c e d to b o r r o w m on e y “ at ex orb ita n t rates o r to r esort to oth er co stly m ethods o f ob ta in in g cash .”
GE M A K E S COST OF L IV IN G ADJU STM EN T
T h e G eneral E lectric Co. last w eek a n n ou n ced an in crease o f an addi
tion a l 1 per cent in its co st o f liv in g ad ju stm en t plan, ra isin g it fr o m 4 to 5 p er cent. In stitu ted in O c tob er, 1936, the plan provid es f o r a u tom a tic in creases in e m p lo y e earn ings, based on the p r o g r e ss o f th e depa rtm en t o f la b or’s c ost o f liv in g index.
U nder the plan, if the co st o f liv in g g o es up, 1 p er cent is added to e m p lo y e s ’ earn in g s fo r each poin t o f rise in the index up to 90. It the c ost o f liv in g g o e s dow n, ad
ju stm e n ts w ill be m ade until th e in dex reach es 80. T h e ad ju stm e n t m a y take pla ce at the h alf-w ay m a rk betw een each point. T h e presen t in dex fig u re o f 84.5 thus p erm its the ea rn in g in crease to 5 p er cent.
H a g a n C or p . A w a r d e d T e n n e s s e e Control Sy st em s
H a g a n C orp., P ittsb u rg h , has r e ceived con tra cts f o r co m p le te c o m bu stion co n tro l sy stem f o r three n e w slab h eatin g fu rn a ces and six n ew so a k in g pits in th e plant o f the T en n essee Coal, Ir o n & R a ilroa d Co., B irm in g h am , A la.
T h e fu rn a ce s w ill b e equ ipp ed w ith p ressu re c o n tro l and air-gas ra tio c o n tro l f o r all th ree h eatin g zon es, as w ell as a g as p re ssu re c o n trol. E a ch fu rn a c e a lso w ill h ave a cen tra l c o n tro l panel u pon w h ich re g u la to rs and in stru m en ts w ill be m ou n ted.
E a ch o f the six bottom -fired so a k in g pits w ill be e q u ip p ed w ith p r e s su re c o n tro l and air-gas ra tio c o n trol. G as p ressu re c o n tro l f o r the b a ttery w ill b e included. C on trol an d in stru m en ts f o r each h ole w ill b e m ou n ted on a se p a ra te panel.
P re ssu re c o n tro l e q u ip m en t f o r s o a k in g pits n o w is b ein g in stalled b y th e c o m p a n y in plants o f the G ranite C ity S teel Co., G ra n ite C ity, 111., and th e S teel Co. o f Canada, H am ilton , Ont.
H a g a n C orp. a lso has rece iv ed a c o n tra ct f o r a c o m p le te a u tom a tic b o ile r c o n tro l sy stem f o r the $5,000,- 000 p o w e r p la n t ex ten sion n ow b e
in g con stru cte d at th e J a m es H.
R eed sta tion on B ru n ot Isla n d , by the D u q u esn e L ig h t Co., to ta k e c a re o f the in crea sin g loa d in P itts
b u rg h and su rro u n d in g co m m u n i
ties.
Clark Controller Has Rec o rd N e w Bo ok in gs
C lark C o n tro lle r Co., C leveland, P . C. C lark, president, m a n u fa ctu rer o f ele c tr ic con trols, is e x p erien cin g a d istin ctly con tra -season a l in crease in n ew bu siness. B o o k in g s in A u g u s t p r o m is e to ex ce e d b y 30 to 40 p er cen t the p rev io u s alltim e record o f M ay. M r. C lark b elieves th e y ea r w ill m a k e a n ew r e co rd f o r his c o m pany.
In crea sed d em an d is co m in g fr o m steel m ill c o n stru ction and fr o m the a u to m o tiv e in du stry. In stalla tion o f p resses b y the la tter is r e q u irin g m u ch in th e w a y o f c o n tro l eq u ip m ent. S om e o f the eq u ip m e n t n ow on o r d e r w ill n ot be d elivered until e a rly in 1938. ■
Rust W i l l Build W a t e r Syst e m for Irvin W o r k s
R u st E n g in ee rin g Co., P ittsb u rg h , h as been a w a rd ed a c o n tra ct by Car- n egie-Illin ois S teel C orp. f o r a c o m p lete w a te r w o rk s sy stem f o r the W ages O utstrip Prices in 3 8 -Y e a r Rise
creased slightly over 200 per cent. Price curve in this chart by the National In dustrial C onference board represents all com m odities from 1899 to 1909 and from 1914 on, finished manufactured products. 1937 figures are for first six months
20 /T E E L
H o w U n ited States M a c h in e ry Exports H a v e Recovered January-June---
M a ch in ery G rou p s 1929 1933 1934 1935 1936 1937
P o w e r-g en e ra tin g , e x c e p t e le ctric and au to
m otiv e 513,432,362 $1,523,199 $2,772,409 $4,181,503 $4,497,365 $6,912,139
C on stru ction , c o n v e y in g 13,611,114 1,264,435 2,604,573 3,475,527 5,012,756 10,131,365 M ining, w ell, p u m p i n g ... 27,368,653 5,300,953 9,807,540 14,205,269 16,413,114 28,606,379 P ow er-d riv en m e ta lw o r k in g ... 17,128,490 3,442,851 10,545,520 11,113,900 21,917,369 27,769,774
O th er m e t a l w o r k i n g 3,903,889 590,321 1,364,115 1,149,288 2,691,71S 2,16S,789
T ex tile, sew in g , sh oe ... 14,201,147 4,097,216 7,712,819 7,487,284 10,388,487 10,283,400 O th er in du stria l m a c h i n e r y ... 48,SOI,227 6,388,579 11,448,669 15,308,060 17,455,638 25,304,185 P rin tin g, b o o k b in d in g . 10,823,481 2,017,570 3,872,753 4,341,739 5,902,379 6,070,378 T O T A L ...$149,270,363 $24,625,121 S50,12S,398 $61,262,560 $84,279,326 $111,247,041
Exports of M etalw orking M achinery in
n ew Irv in w o rk s betw een D ra vos- bu rg and C lairton , P a. C on tra ct calls l o r e x p en d itu re o f a p p ro x i
m a te ly $800,000 and w ill b e on e o f the la rg e s t p la n ts e v e r bu ilt p u rely f o r in d u stria l use.
In itia l c a p a city w ill be 36,000,000 g a llo n s p e r day, w ith p r o v isio n f o r u ltim ate c a p a city o f 72,000,000 g a l
lon s, su fficien t f o r a city o f 750,000 pop u la tion .
W a te r w ill be ta k en fr o m the M o n o n g a h e la r iv e r th ro u g h a rein- fo i’ced c o n c re te open in ta k e 27 fe e t w id e and n in e fe e t deep, an d e le v a ted 450 fe e t th ro u g h a 42-inch lin e to a steel r e s e r v o ir o f 3,750,000 g a l
lon s ca p a city lo ca te d on a h ill a b ov e the plant.
P u m p r o o m has been a rra n g e d fo r im m ed ia te in stallation o f th ree p u m p s w ith a ca p a city o f 8500 g a l
lon s p e r m inute.
First H a lf Top 1 9 2 9
S
T E A D Y r e co v e r y in m a ch in ery ex p o rts since the lo w poin t in 1933, led b y m e ta lw o rk in g m a ch in ery, has p la ced sh ipm ents d u rin g the first six m on th s o f 1937 w ithin 26 p er cen t o f th e co m p a ra b le figure f o r the peak e x p o rt year, 1929. T h e re co v e ry lias n ot been u n ifo r m f o r the eig h t m a ch in ery g rou p s, as indicated in th e a ccom p a n y in g table.A s a resu lt o f w orld -w id e e c o n o m ic im p ro v em e n t and h e a v y de
m ands in m a n y cou n tries, due to
by 6 2 Per Cent
r ea rm a m en t plans, e x p o r t sa les h a v e m a d e m o s t im p ro v e m e n t in m a ch in e tools. F o r e ig n sa les o f m e ta lw o r k in g m a ch in e ry g ain e d sh a rp ly a fte r 1933, e x ce ed in g c o r r e sp on d in g sh ip m en ts in 1929 b y 28 p er cent in the first six m on th s o f 1936 and in crea sed to 62 p e r cen t o v e r th e 1929 fig u re in the first h a lf o f this year.
T h e la r g e s t fo r e ig n m a rk e t f o r this e q u ip m en t h as b een th e U nited K in g d om , in w h ich d em an d arisin g fr o m r e a rm a m e n t h as ex ce ed ed c a p a city o f d o m e stic m a ch in e ry m a n u fa ctu re rs, re q u irin g la r g e im p orts, ch iefly fr o m the U n ited S ta tes and G erm an y. T h is h as aided A m e r ican m a n u fa ctu re rs in se llin g ab roa d , n ot o n ly in B ritish but a lso in m a rk ets w h ere B ritish m a n u fa c tu rers h a v e been less a c tiv e w h ile attem p tin g to s a tis fy d o m e stic de
m and.
Slicing an Ingot
M ach in e T o o ls Lead U pturn P r a c tic a lly a ll ty p e s o f m e ta l
w o rk in g m a ch in e ry h a v e sh a re d in this u pturn, but p a rticu la rly m a ch in e tools.
S L I C I N G an ingot is a difficult job, even when only tw o lathe tools are used.
T h e picture show s seven slices being made simultaneously in a carbon tool steel ingot, with tw o tools in each slice. A n average slice is about Y\-m ch wide and 8 inches deep, and one hour and 45 minutes is required for cutting a 25-inch diameter octagon ingot into eight pieces. Photo is by John P. Mtidd, personnel supervisor, for the Midvale C o., N icetow n, Pa., in its N o. 5 testing machine shop
E x p o rts in th e m in in g , w ell and p u m p in g eq u ip m en t g ro u p in crea sed fr o m 60 p e r cen t o f th e c o m p a ra b le 1929 fig u re to 105 p e r cen t f o r first h a lf o f this y ear. S h ip m en ts o f con stru ctio n and c o n v e y in g , p ow er- g e n e r a tin g an d oth e r in d u stria l m a ch in e ry g ro u p s h a v e g a in ed co n s ist
en tly sin ce 1933 and e s p e cia lly d u r
in g th is y ear, b u t re m a in b e lo w th e 1929 figure. W h ile th e g ro u p as a w h o le is b e lo w th e 1929 m a rk so m e cla sses h a v e r ea ch ed a h ig h e r level, in clu din g d re d g in g and road- bu ildin g e q u ip m en t an d oil w ell m a ch in ery .
E x p o r t o f textile, se w in g an d sh oe m a ch in ery and o th er g ro u p s has been ir re g u la rly u p w a rd sin c e 1933, la rg e st in in du strial se w in g m a chin es and loom s.
August 23, 1937 21
First H alf Pig Iron 4 6 % O v e r 1 9 3 6
P
IG iron pi'od u ction fo r the first h a lf o f 1937 totaled 19,482,002 g ro s s tons, a cco rd in g to the A m e r ican Iron & Steel institute.T h is fig u re represen ts an in crease o f 46 p er cen t o v e r the 13,367,785 ton s f o r the first h a lf o f 1936, and a g a in o f 16 p e r cen t o v e r the 16,848,- 762 ton s f o r the last h alf.
P en n sylva n ia w as the la rg est p r o d u ce r in the first h a lf o f this year, w ith 6,453,907 tons, an d O h io w as se con d at 4,175,367 tons. O f th e pig iron prod u ced , 13,540,251 tons w e re basic, 3,445,992 tons b essem er and lo w p h osp h o ru s, 1,389,404 ton s fo u n d ry, 1,055,298 tons m alleable, 13,628 fo i'g e o r m ill, and 37,429 w h ite and m ottled , direct castin gs, etc.
F e r ro a llo y p rod u ction , in clu din g th at fr o m e le c tr ic fu rn a ce s, w a s 493,- 498 tons f o r the h a lf y ear, w ith P en n sylva n ia the la rg est p ro d u ce r at 216,969 tons. F e rro m a n g a n e s e and sp ie g ele iscn totaled 237,335 tons, fer- ro silico n 215,437 tons, and oth er fe r ro a llo y s, 40,726 tons.
Production
A
R E D U C T IO N o f 3 poin ts in the n ation a l ste e lw o rk s op e ra tin g rate la st w ee k b ro u g h t it to 81 p er cen t o f ca p a city. M u ch o f th e
District S teel Rates
Percentage o f Open-Hearth Ingot Ca
pacity Engaged In Leading Districts
Week Same
ended week
Aug. 21 Change 1936 1935 Pittsburgh . . 79.5 — 3.5 72 43 Chicago ... 86.5 + 0.5 7214 60 Eastern Pa.. . 65 — 4 50% 33
Youngstow n . 73 — 5 74 60
W heeling .. . 89.2 — 4.8 95 76 Cleveland . .. 79.5 — 5.5 79% 51 Buffalo ... 86 none 81 37
Birmingham . 96 none 64 35%
New England 75 + 10 78 73
D e t r o it ... 95 —5 100 94
Cincinnati . . 93 + 4 76 t
St. Louis . . . . 84 + 7 t t
Average .. 81 — 3 72 52%
tN ot reported.
declin e resu lted fr o m open hearth s b ein g taken o ff fo r repairs.
C h ica g o— In creased 0.5 poin t to 86.5 p e r cent, a n ew peak f o r the y ear, w ith the la rg est ton n a g e ou tpu t fo r this p e riod in h istory . Blast fu rn a ce op eration is steady w ith 31 o f 39 stack s active.
N e w E n glan d— U p 10 poin ts to 75 p er cent. F o r the w eek b e g in n in g A u g . 23 the rate w ill be ab ou t 60 per cent, on e steelw o rk s ta k in g o ff se v eral units.
St. L o u is— In creased 7 poin ts fr o m 77 to 84 p er cent. T w o additional open hearths are sch edu led to b e lighted ea rly in Septem ber.
B irm in g h am , A la .— U n ch an ged at 96 p e r cent, w ith 18 o f 19 open hearths active.
W h e e lin g — D ow n 4.8 p er cen t fr o m 94 to 89.2 p er cent.
P ittsb u rg h — D ow n 3.5 poin ts, fr o m 83 to 79.5 p er cent. C a rn egie-Illin ois Steel C orp. is at 75 p er cen t ag ain st 84 p e r cen t th e p re ce d in g w eek.
Jon es & L au g h lin Steel C orp. in
crea sed fr o m 78 to 80 p er cent. N a tion a l T u b e Co. has lig h ted th ree open h earth s at M cK ee sp o rt w o rk s.
B u ffa lo — N o ch a n g e has been m ade in stee lw ork s op eration s, w h ich are at 86 p er cent.
C entral eastern se a b oa rd — D o w n 4 poin ts to 65 per cen t on red u ction b y lea d in g independents. N o fu r th er cut is e x p ected f o r n ext w eek, a lth ou g h b a ck lo g s o f so m e m ills are d ow n to tw o o r th ree w eeks.
Y o u n g s to w n — D ow n 5 poin ts to 73 p e r cent, w ith 62 op en hearth s, th ree bessem ers and 21 blast fu rn a ce s a c tive. D eclin e is attribu ted to lack o f a u to m otiv e ton n ag e. T h e sa m e sch ed u le is in dicated f o r this w eek .
D etroit— D o w n 5 poin ts to 95 p er cent, w ith 20 o f 21 o p en hearth s operatin g .
C levela n d— O ff 5.5 p o in ts to 79.5.
R e p u b lic Steel C orp. and O tis Steel Co. each h av e o n e op en h earth o ff f o r repairs.
C incin nati— In creased 4 p oin ts to 93, on e p ro d u c e r op era tin g all its op en hearths.
Ca na d ia n Ste e l, Iron O u t p u t G a ins in J u l y
P ro d u ctio n o f steel in g o ts and ca stin g s in C a n a da in J u ly w a s 122,- 968 tons, co m p a re d w ith 118,744 tons in June an d 68,793 ton s in July, 1936.
F o r seven m on th s ou tpu t w a s 836,- 145 tons, a g a in s t 647,493 ton s in the c o rr e s p o n d in g p e rio d o f 1936.
Ju ly p ig iro n p ro d u ction in Ju ly w a s 79,736 ton s, com p a re d w ith 78,- 278 ton s in Ju n e an d 34,988 ton s in July, 1936. O f this to ta l 52,445 tons, 66 p e r cent, w a s f o r use o f m a k ers and 27,291 ton s f o r sale. F o r seven m on th s p ig iron p ro d u ction totaled 503,680 tons, co m p a re d w ith 375,323 tons in th e c o m p a ra b le p eriod o f 1936.
Fo u nd ry Eq uip me nt O r d e r s S h o w De cline in J u l y
O rders f o r fo u n d r y e q u ip m en t in J u ly declin ed slig h tly fr o m Ju n e bu t w e re m u ch h ig h e r than in Ju ly, 1936, a c c o rd in g to th e F o u n d r y E q u ip m en t M a n u fa ctu rers a ssocia tion , C le v e
land. T h e net o rd er in d ex f o r J u ly w a s 204, co m p a re d w ith 228.2 in June and 159.6 in Ju ly, 1936. T h e sh ip m en t in d ex w a s 216.5 f o r Ju ly, 232.1 f o r Ju n e and 145.7 f o r July, 1936.
U nfilled ord e r in d ex w a s 360.3 f o r Ju ly, 372.8 f o r Ju n e and 144.5 f o r July, 1936. In d exes are ba sed on a v e ra g e o f 1922-24 as 100 p e r cent.
Steel To D red g e for G o ld , Platinum in South A m erica
’T 'H I S io o o -ton steel dredge will dig for gold and platinum in river bottoms in South Am erica. Under construction at the Birmingham, Ala., plant of the Ingalls Iron \Vor\s, it w ill be dismantled and shipped in sections to N ew Orleans, thence by boat to Colombia and overland to an unnamed destination
22 /T E E L
M e n o f}
U n d u lt t u
A
R . F IS H E R , J. p . K o ttca m p and A le x a n d e r C rom w ell h a v e been e lected v ice p residents, J oh n s-M a n ville P rod u cts C orp. T h e y w ill h a v e g e n e r a l su p er
v ision o v e r n ew ly-estab lish ed m a n u fa c tu r in g d istricts, each o f w h ich in
cludes five fa c to r ie s .
M r. F ish er, fo r m e r ly m a n a ger o f the c o m p a n y ’s fa c to r y at M anville, N. J., has been a ssig n ed th e east
ern d istrict; M r. K ottca m p , w h o has been m a n a g er o f the m id-w estern fa c to r y at W a u k eg a n , 111., has been assign ed the cen tra l division, w ith h eadq u a rters at W a u k e g a n ; M r.
C rom w e ll has been pla ced in c h a rg e o f m a n u fa c tu r in g a ctivities on the P a cific coast.
J. E. B eg ert, fo r m e r ly head o f the c o s t re d u ction d ep a rtm en t in N ew Y o rk , su cceed s M r. F ish er as m a n a g e r o f th e M an ville pla n t; K.
W . H u ffin e, fo r m e r ly m a n a g e r o f the A lex a n d ria , Ind., plant, su cceed s M r. K o ttca m p at W a u k e g a n as m a n a g e r ; H . J. O ’B rien, h e re to fo re su pei'in ten den t o f th e r o ck w o o l de
p a rtm e n t at M an ville fa c to r y , has b eco m e m a n a g e r o f the A lexa n d ria plant.
♦ ♦ ♦
R ich a rd M. B o w has been n am ed su p erin ten d en t o f in du stria l rela tio n s at th e A lle n p o rt and M ones- sen plants o f P ittsb u rg h S teel Co., P ittsb u rg h .
♦ ♦ ♦
O sca r P. Patzke, w h o b eca m e iden tified w ith the S m ith Steel F o u n d r y Co., M ilw au k ee, Ju n e 1, has been elected a v ice president, bu t w ill c o n tinue to d irect sales.
♦ ♦ ♦
E u g en e D. W ilson , 703 C olu m bia n M u tu al tow er, M em ph is, Tenn., has been n am ed district rep resen ta tive in that te r r ito r y f o r F o o te B ros.
G ear & M ach in e C orp., C h icag o.
♦ ♦ ♦
K erm it D on a ld son , assista n t sales m a n a ger, M ach in ed S teel C a stin gs Co., A llian ce, O., has b e co m e plant
su p erin ten d en t o f the co m p a n y . H e su cceed s L . C. H etzel, w h o has r e
sig n e d due to ill health.
♦ ♦ ♦
M . I. D o ria n , fo r m e r m a n a g e r o f th e dust c o n tro l d iv ision o f B la w K n o x Co., w h ich re ce n tly w a s tak en o v e r b y P a n g b o r n C orp., H a g e r s tow n , M d., has been re -em p loy e d b y P a n g b o r n to a ct as g en era l field re p
resen tativ e u nder the title o f dust c o n tro l specialist.
♦ ♦ ♦
J. Steven s R on a y , associa ted w ith R e p u b lic S teel Corp., C leveland, as stru ctu ra l steel design er, has sailed f o r Jam shedp ur, India, w h ere he w ill b e co m e identified w ith the T a ta Iron & S teel Co. Ltd.
♦ ♦ ♦
W a lte r D. W o o d Jr., m em b e r o f the discu s squad o f th e 1936 U nit
ed S tates O lym p ic team , has been ap p oin ted to the sales staff, P h ila d elp h ia office o f L in coln E le ctric Co., C leveland, m a n u fa ctu rer o f a rc w e ld in g equipm ent.
♦ ♦ ♦
Jam es O. M cD ow ell, su perin ten d
ent o f th e sheet m ill d ep a rtm en t o f
James O. McDowell
In tern a tion a l N ick el Co. at H u n tin g ton, W . Va., sin ce 1929, has b ecom e associa ted w ith R. M. G ord on & Co., m a k e r o f lu b rica tin g system s. M r.
M cD o w e ll, w h o has had p r a c tic a lly 30 y ea rs e x p erien ce in sheet m ill r o llin g and m a n a gem en t, w ill de
v o te m ost o f his tim e to th e in tro
du ction o f lu b rica tion to sheet m ills.
♦ ♦ ♦
C a rl V. R eilly , 3537 A n tisd a le a v enue, C levela n d H eigh ts, 0 „ has b een ap poin ted sales re p resen ta tive c o v e r in g n orth ern O hio and the city o f B u ffa lo f o r T h erm a l P ro d u cts C orp., P ittsb u rg h . H is h ea d q u a r
ters are in C leveland.
♦ ♦ ♦
W . C. G ro v e has b een ap poin ted m a n a g e r at C h ica g o f o r B u ffa lo F o u n d ry & M ach in e Co., B u ffalo.
H e has been w ith th e c o m p a n y nine years, and f o r th e p a st six y e a rs has been m a n a g e r o f th e T o r o n to office.
♦ ♦ ♦
C a rroll F . B ro w n has been a p p oin ted assistant d irecto r o f p e r son n el in th e P ittsb u rg h district fo r C arn egie-Illin ois S teel C orp., and L.
P. R a y has b een ap p oin ted su p e rin
tendent o f in du strial relation s o f F a rre ll w ork s.
♦ ♦ ♦
S. J. M ora n fo r m e r ly p u rch a sin g a g en t f o r U n ion S teel C a stin g Co., is n o w assistant treasu rer. H e has been associa ted w ith th e c o m p a n y 18 years. R. D . K en n edy has been a p poin ted p u rch a sin g agen t.
♦ ♦ ♦
A d o lp h P oh l, fo r m e r ly associa ted w ith B uell D ie & M ach in e Co., D e troit, has been m a de su perin ten dent, P a rto o l M achin e Co., D etroit, m a k er o f sp ecia l m a ch in ery, jig s , tools and fixtures.
♦ ♦ ♦
R . G. D ick en s, f o r 20 y ea rs c h ie f clu tch e n g in eer at the E lm ira, N . Y., plant o f H illiard C orp., has been tra n sferred to C h ica g o in c h a rg e o f sales and serv ices o f all ty p es o f H illiard clu tch es, w ith o ffic e s at 201 N orth W ells street.
♦ ♦ ♦
H en ry R o w e , su perin ten d en t on th e G o g e b ic ra n g e f o r th e O liv er Iron M in in g Co., w ith o ffice s at Iro n w o o d , M ich., has retired and has been su cceed ed b y H a rry W . B yrn e, assistant su perin ten den t f o r ten years.
4 4 4
B. M. C on k lin , c h ie f en gin eer, G reat N o rth e rn Ir o n O re P rop ertie s, H ib b in g, M inn., w ill r e tire Oct. 1 and m o v e to his citru s fr u it ra n ch n ea r P h oen ix, A riz. C. J. C alvin, a ssist
an t c h ie f en g in e e r f o r the p a st 18 y ea rs, w ill su cceed M r. C on klin .
4 4 4
R . F. M cC on n ell, r ece n tly a s sist
ant g en eral m a n a g er o f sa les in field div ision s o f Stan dard O il Co. o f I n diana, has been m a de assista n t g e n eral m a n a g e r o f th e g en e ra l sales division, su cce e d in g th e la te H. A.
L ew is.
4 4 4
M arvin M arsh, sp ecia l sales r e p resen tativ e in the K an sas C ity, M o., te r r ito r y f o r A m erica n R o llin g M ill Co., has been n am ed m a n a g e r o f the c o m p a n y ’s n e w ly crea te d d is
trict o ffic e a t 7100 R o b e rts street, K an sas City.
4 4 4
R o s s L. L e ffler, m a n a g e r o f in du stria l relation s f o r th e P ittsb u rg h district, C a rn egie-Illin ois S teel C orp., has been re-appoln ted a m e m b e r o f the P en n sylva n ia G am e co m m issio n to se rv e until 1943. H e is at p r e s ent v ice p resid e n t o f th e c o m m is sion.
4 4 4
S a m D a v ey, su p erin ten d en t o f the tin p la te d iv ision at C a n ton , O., o f R e p u b lic S teel C orp., C levela n d , has re sig n ed to b e co m e v ice p re sid e n t in c h a r g e o f op era tio n s, C a n ton M etal D e co r a tin g Co., C a n ton . M r.
D a v e y w a s o n e o f th e fo u n d e r s o f th e C a n ton T in P la te Co. in 1930,
August 23, 1937 23
