Proceedings of the 19th Symposium on Naval Hydrodynamics, Washington DC, USA (summary)

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Nineteenth Symposium on

NAVAL HYDRODYNAMICS

Nonlinear Ship Motions

Viscous Ship Hydrodynamics

Hydrodynamics in Ship Design

Wave and Wake Dynamics

Cavitation and Bubbly Flows

Propulsor Hydrodynamics and Hydroacoustics

Frontier Experimental Techniques

sponsored jointly by

Office of Naval Research

Society of Naval Architects of Korea

Naval Studies Board

Commission on Physical Sciences, Mathematics,

and Applications

National Research Council

NATIONAL ACADEMY PRESS

Washington, D.C. 1994

The National Research Council serves as an independent advisor to the federal government on sciMitific and technical questions of national importance. Established in 1916 under the congressional charter of the private, nonprofit National Academy of Sciences, tiie Research Council brings tiie resources of the entire scientific and technical community to bear on national problems tiuDugh its volunteer advisory committees. Today the Research Council stands as tiie principal operating agency of botii the National Academy of Sciences and tiie National Academy of Engineering and is administered jointiy by the two academies and the Institute of Medicine. The National Academy of Engineering and tiie Institute of Medicine were established in 1964 and 1970, respectively, under the charter of die National Academy of Sciences.

The National Research Council has numerous operating units. One of these is the Naval Studies Board, which is charged witii conducting and rqwrting on surveys and studies in the field of scientific research and development applicable to tiie operation and function of the N a ^ .

A portion of the work done to prepare this document was performed under Department of Navy Contract N00014-87-C-O018 issued by tiie Office of Naval Research under contract autiiority NR 201-124. However, tiie content does not necessarily reflect tiie position or tiie policy of the Department of the Navy or the government, and no official endorsement should be infened.

The United States Government has at least a royalty-free, nonexclusive, and irrevocable license throughout tiie worid for government purposes to publish, translate, reproduce, deliver, perform, and dispose of all or any of this work, and to authorize others so to do.

Naval Studies Board

David R. Heebner (Chair), Science Applications International Corporation George M . Whitesides (Vice Chair), Harvard University

Albert J. Baciocco, Jr., The Baciocco Group, Inc. Alan Bennan, Center for Naval Analyses

Ruth M. Davis, Pymatuning Group, Inc.

Seymour J. Deitchman, Institute for Defense Analyses John F. Egan, Lxwkheed Electronic Systems Group

Ralph R. Goodman, Applied Research Laboratoiy, Pennsylvania SUte University Sherra E. Kems, Vanderbilt University

David W. McCall, Basking Ridge, New Jersey Irwin Mendelson, Singer Island, Florida

George A. Paulikas, The Aerospace Corporation Alan Powell, University of Houston

Herbert Rabin, University of Maryland Robert L . Silversteb, Northrop Coiporation Keith A. Smith, Vienna, Virginia

Robert C. Spindel, Applied Physics Laboratory, University of Washington H. Gregory Tomatore, Applied Physics Laboratory, Johns Hopkins University Richard H . Truly, Georgia Tech Research Institute, Georgia Institute of Technology J. Pace VanDevender, Sandia National Laboratories

Vincent Vitto, Lincohi Laboratory, Massachusetts Institute of Technology

Navy Liaison Representatives

Nat Kobitz, Office of the Chief of Naval Operations Ronald N . Kostoff, Office of Naval Research

Staff

Lee M . Hunt, Staff Director

Commission on Physical Sdoices, Mathanatics, and Applications Richard N. Zare (Chair), Stanford University

Richard S. Nicholson (Vice Chair), American Association for the Advancement of Science

Stehen

Sylvia T. Ceyer, Massachusetts Institute of Technology Avner Friedman, University of Minnesota

Susan L. Graham, University of California at Berkeley Robert J. Hermann, United Technologies Corporation Hans Mark, University of Texas at Austin

Claire E. Max, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory Christopher F. McKee, University of California at Beikeley James W. Mitchell, AT&T Bell Laboratories

Jerome Sacks, National Institute of Statistical Sciences A Richard Seebass DI, University of Colorado Leon T. Silver, California Institute of Technology

Charles P. Slichter, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign Alvin W. Trivelpiece, Oak Ridge National Laboratory

Norman Metzger, Executive Director

FOREWORD

The Nineteenth Syn^sium on Naval Hydrodynamics, held in Seoiil, Korea, from August 23-28, 1992, was organized jointly by the Office of Naval Research (Fluid Dynamics Program), the National Research 0>uncil (Naval Studies Board), and the Society of Naval Architects of Korea. This international biennial symposium promotes the exchange of naval research developments of common interest to the coimtries of the world. The forum encourages both formal and informal discussion of the presented papers, and the occasion provides an opportunity for direct communication between international peers.

More than200 participants from 13 countries attended the symposium. Ranging from newly graduated studoits to researchers of established international repute, the attendees r^resented a mix of experiences and expertise. They presented 48 papers in seven topical areas—nonlinear ship motions, viscous ship hydrodynamics, hydrodynamics in ship design, wave and wake dynamics, cavitation and bubbly flows, propulsor hydrodynamics and hydroacoustics, and frontier experimental techniques—chosen because of recent advances made in these areas. Exaa^>les of significant advances presented in the papers are the numerical solution of the nonlinear equations for time-dqiendent ship motions, the prediction of vorticity flux from surface-piercing accelerating bodies, the design of a novel foil catamaran ship, the emerging understanding of free-surface interactions with vorticity, explanations of acoustic emission from cavitation bubble breakup, the prediction of viscous flow around propellers, and the use of quantitative visualization of large-scale wake structures for a firee-running body.

The success of this timely symposium was the result of hard work on the part of many people. The Organizing and Paper Selection Committee consisted of Mr. James Fein, Dr. Patrick Purtell, and myself (Office of Naval Research), Mr. Lee Hunt (National Research Council), Prof. Robert Beck (University of Michigan), Prof. Choung Lee (Pohang Institute of Science and Technology), Prof. Kwang-June Bai (Seoul National University), and Dr. William Morgan and Dr. Justin McCarthy Pavid Taylor Model Basin). The contribution of this conmuttee was certainly the cornerstone of the symposium's success. However, the organizers

would also like to thank Mrs. Susan Campbell and

Mrs. Mary Gordon of the Naval Studies Board for their valuable administrative and editorial production support and to express special appreciation to the symposium's host. Prof. Jong-Heul Hwang, chairman of the Local Organizing Committee.

Edwin P. Rood

Office of Naval Research

CONTENTS

Opening Remarks Jong-Henl Hwang

Chairman, Local Organizing Committee Fred E. Saalfeld

Deputy Chief of Naval Research and Technical Director, Office of Naval Research George F. Carrier

Professor Emeritus, Harvard University

Technical Scions Session I - Nonlinear Ship Motions

Prediction of Nonlinear Wave/Hull Interactions on Complex Vessels

B. Maskew (Analytical Methods, Inc., USA)

A Nonlinear Theory of Ship Motion in Waves

J. Pawlowski (National Research Council, Canada)

Nonlinear Effects on High Block Ship at Low and Moderate Speed

Y.-H. Kim (David Taylor Model Basin, USA),

T. Lucas (University of North Carolina at Charlotte. USA)

Session n - Nonlinear Ship Motions

Experimental Determination of Nonlinearities in Vertical Plane Ship Motions

J. O'Dea (David Taylor Model Basin. USA), E. Powers (University of Texas at Austin, USA), J. Zselecsky (U.S. Naval Academy, USA)

Theoretical and Experimental Study ofthe Nonlinearly Coupled Heave, Pitch, and Roll Motions ofa Ship in Longitudinal Waves

I . Oh, A. Nayfeh, D. Mook

(Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, USA)

A Localized Finite-Element Method for Nonlinear Free-Surface Wave Problems

K. Bai, J. Kim (Seoul National University, Korea), H. Lee (Hyundai Maritime Research Institute, Korea)

Session ü l - Nonlinear Ship Motions

Numerical Modeling of Short-Time Scale Nonlinear Water Waves Generated by Large Vertical Motions of Non-Wallsided Bodies

J.-H. Park, A. Troesch (University of Michigan, USA)

Slamming Loads on High-Speed Vessels

R. Zhao (MARINTEK, Norway),

O. Faltinsen (University of Trondheim, Norway)

Computations of Fulfy-Nonlinear Three-Dimensional Water Waves

H. XÜ, D. Yue (Massachusetts histitute of Technology, USA)

Session I V - Viscous Ship Hydrodynamics

AppUcations of Boundary Element Methods in Hydrodynamic Problems Relating to Manoeuvring Bodies

W. Price, M.-Y. Tan (The University of Southampton, U.K.)

Vortical Flows With and Without a Surface-Piercing Body

R. Yeung, P. Ananthakrishnan (University of California, Berkeley, USA)

Numerical Simulation of the Nonlinear Free-Surface Flow Around a Blunt Bow M.S. Shin, Y.-G. Lee, E.-C. Kim, S.-I. Yang

(Korea Research Institute of Ships and Ocean Engineering, Korea)

Investigation on Scale Effect in Ship Viscous Flow by CFD

S. Abdallah (University of Cincinnati, USA), G. Caprino, L . Sebastiani, A. Traverso (Italian Ship Research Center, luly)

Session V - Viscous Ship Hydrodynamics

Longitudinal Vortices in a Turbulent Boundary Layer Along a Curved Wall

W. Kim, V. Patel (The University of Iowa, USA)

An Experitnental Investigation of Interacting Wing-Tip Vortex Pairs

J. 21soldos, W. Devenport

(Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State Umversity, USA)

Measurements of Flaws Over an Axisymmetric Body With Various Appendages in a Wind Tunnel- the DARPA Suboff Ejq>erimeMal Program

T. Huang, H.-L, Liu, N . Groves, T. Foriini, J. Blanton, S. Gowing (David Taylor Model Basin, USA)

Session V I - Hydrodynamics in Ship Design

A Praaical Nonlinear Method for Calculating Ship Wavemaking and Wave Resistance

H . Kzvea (Maritime Research Institute Netheriands, The Netheriands)

A Numerical Approach for Predicting the Total Resistance and Nominal Wakes of Full-Scale Tankers

S. Ju (Daewoo Shipbuilding & Heavy Machinery, Ltd., Korea), V. Patel (The University of Iowa, USA)

Numerical Viscous Flow Computations for Complex Geometries

C.-W. Lin, S. Fisher, P. Impelluso (David Taylor Model Basin, USA)

Session Vn - Hydrodynamics in Ship Design

Investigation of Horizontal Motions of an SPM Tanker in Shallow Water Through Computation and Model Experiment

T. Jiang, S. Sharma (University of Duisburg, Germany)

Design and Construction ofthe Long-Range High-Speed Foil-Catamaran Passenger Ship

K.-S. Min (Hyundai Heavy Lidustries Co., Ltd., Korea)

A New Method of Calculating Unsteady Hydrodynamic Forces Acting Upon High-Speed Catamaran Ships

1. Watanabe (Ship Research Institute, Japan)

Model Testing of an Optimally Designed Propeller With Two-Sided Shifted End Plates on the Blades

K. de Jong'-^, J. Sparenberg^ J. Falcao de Campos'*, W. van Gent*

('Groningen Propeller Technology, The Netherlands; HJniversity of Groningen, The Netherlands; 'Maritime Research Institute Netherlands, The Netherlands; *Instituto Superior Técnico, Pormgal)

Session V H I - Wave and Wake Dynamics

Interaction ofa Turbulent Vortex with a Free Surface

T. Sarpkaya (Naval Postgraduate School, USA)

Numerical Investigation of an Oblique Collision ofa Vortex Ring with a Clean Free Suiface

M . Song (Hong De University, Korea), G. Tryggvason (University of Michigan, USA)

Experimental Studies of Vortex Reconnection to a Free Surface: A Physical Flow Model

M . Gharib, A. Weigand, C. Willert, D. Liepmann (University of California at San Diego, USA)

Session IX - Wave and Wake Dynamics

Turbulent Structures in Free-Surface Jet Flows

D. Walker, C.-Y. Chen, W. Willmarth (The University of Michigan, USA), D. Anthony (David Taylor Model Basin, USA)

Wave-Wake Interactions About a Body of Revolution Advancing Beneath the Free Surface

J.-C. Park, H. Miyata, Y. Tsuchiya, M . Kanai (University of Tokyo, Japan)

Session X - Wave and Wake Dynamics

Numerical Evaluation of Fins Acting Near the Free Surface

S. Fontaine, S. Huberson, J. Montagne (Bassin d'Essais des Carènes, France)

Inner-angle Wavepackets in an Unsteady Wake

Y.-S. Cao, W. Schulz, R. Beck (University of Michigan, USA)

Wavemaking by Heaving Bodies in Long Tanks, Including Nonlinear Group Formation Near Resonance

M . Tulin, Y. Yao (University of California at Santa Barbara, USA)

Session X I - Cavitation and Bubbly Flows

Analysis ofa Two-Dimensional Partially- or Supercavitating Hydrofoil Advancing Under a Free Suiface With a Finite Froude Number

C.-S. Lee, J.-M. Lew, Y.-G. Kim (Chungnam National University, Korea)

Cavitation Scaling Experiments With Headforms: Bubble Acoustics

Y. Chizelle', S. Ceccio^ C. Brennan', Y. Shen'

('California Institute of Technology, USA; University of Michigan, USA; 'David Taylor Model Basin, USA)

Ttp Vortex Roll-Up and Cavitation

D. Fruman', C. Dugué'", A. Pauchet', P. Cerruti', L . Briangon-Marjolet^ ('Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Techniques Advancées, France; '"University of Minnesota (on leave from Ecole Nationale Supérieure); ^Bassin d'Essais des Carènes, France; 'Laboratoire d'Hydrodynamique, France)

S ^ o n xn - Cavitation and Bubbly Flows

A Systematic Investigation of Viscous Scale Effects on Cavitation Inception

Y. Ye, D.-Z. Wang, F. Lu, S. Huang (China Ship Scientific Research Center, China)

Analytical and Numerical Study of Large Bubble/Bubble and Bubble/Flow Interactions

G. Chahine, R. Duraiswami, M . Rebut (DYNAFLOW, Inc., USA)

Broadband Noise ofthe Cayitating Marine Propellers: Generation and Collapse ofthe Free Bubbles Downstream ofthe Fixed Cavitation

J. Matusiak (Technical Research Centre of Finland, Finland)

Session X H I - Propulsor Hydrodynamics and Hydroacoustics

A Nonlinear Boundary Element Method for the Analysis of Unsteady Propeller Sheet Cavitation

S. Kinnas, N . Fine (Massachusetts Institute of Technology, USA)

Numerical Simulation and Ejq^erimental Study ofthe Hydrodynamic Characteristics ofa Hydrofoil-Strut-Pod Configuration with Inlets (I)

L . Baiqi, Z. Dexiang, Y. Xiaozhong, H. Shan, C. Zhongyao (China Ship Scientific Research Center, China)

The Effect of Turbulence Ingestion on Propeller Broadband Forces

Session XIV - Propulsor Hydrodynamics and Hydroacoustics

Numerical Calculation ofthe Viscous Flow Around a Rotating Marine Propeller

K.-J. Oh (Kyunguam University, Korea), S.-H. Kang (Seoul National University, Korea)

Unsteady Nonlinear Vortex Lattice Method for Prediction of Propeller Performances

G. -Q Wang', L.-X. Xu*, C.-J. Yang', M . Tamashima', M . Ogura'

('Shanghai Jiao Tong University, China; ^Shanghai Merchant Ship Design and

Research Institute, China; 'West Japan Fluid Engineering Laboratory Co., Ltd., Japan)

Pressure Distribution and Blade Stress on a Highly Skewed Propeller

Y. Ukon (Ship Research Institute, Japan),

H. Yuasa (Mitsui Engineering and Ship Building Co., Ltd., Japan)

Session XV - Propulsor Hydrodynamics and Hydroacoustics

Application ofa Panel Method to the Unsteady Hydrodynamic Analysis of Marine Propellers

K. Koyama (Ship Research Institute, Japan)

A Bilinear Source and Doublet Distribution Over a Planar Panel and Its Applications to Surface Panel Methods

J.-C. Sub, J.-T. Lee, S.-B. Suh

(Korea Research Institute of Ships and Ocean Engineering, Korea)

Session X V I - Frontier Experimental Techniques

The Flow Structure in the Lee Side of an Inclined Prolate Spheroid

T. Fu, R. Shekarriz, J. Katz (The Johns Hopkins University, USA), T. Huang (D&vid Taylor Model Basin, USA)

New Ejqjerimental Tedmiques on Ship Motions in Directional Spectrum Waves

S. Takezawa, T. Hirayama (Yokohama National University, Japan)

Researdt on Unsteady Wave Field Generated by Ships With Advance Velocity by Transverse Cut Method

S. Naito', N . Yamama^ T. Seto'

('Osaka Umversity, Japan; Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, Ltd., Japan)

Appendix—List of Participants