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TAVI-in-TAVI — Is this the future?

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Address for correspondence: Piotr Scislo, MD, PhD, 1st Chair and Department of Cardiology, Medical University of Warsaw, ul. Banacha 1a, 02–097 Warszawa, Poland, tel: +48 22 599 29 58, fax: +48 22 599 19 57, e-mail: piotr.scislo@gmail.com Received: 16.07.2019 Accepted: 29.10.2019

INTERVENTIONAL CARDIOLOGY

Cardiology Journal 2019, Vol. 26, No. 5, 614–615

DOI: 10.5603/CJ.2019.0104 Copyright © 2019 Via Medica

ISSN 1897–5593

614 www.cardiologyjournal.org

IMAGE IN CARDIOVASCULAR MEDICINE

TAVI-in-TAVI — Is this the future?

Szymon Jedrzejczyk, Piotr Scislo, Kajetan Grodecki, Bartosz Rymuza, Janusz Kochman, Zenon Huczek

1st Chair and Department of Cardiology, Medical University of Warsaw, Poland

While an increasing number of younger pa- tients with longer life-expectancy receive tran- scatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI), one can assume that patients will outlive their biopros- theses. Thus, repeat interventions after TAVI are expected to rise dramatically. Presented herein are two cases of failed transcatheter heart valves (THV), treated effectively with transcatheter aortic valve-in-valve implantation (TAVI-in-TAVI).

The first, a 75-year-old woman that presented with clinical (exercise-induced dyspnea) and the echocardiographic (aortic valve area [AVA] was 0.75 cm2, AVA index 0.43 cm2/m2, paravalvular regurgi- tation) symptoms of bioprosthetic valve failure (BVF), a Sapien XT 23 mm, which was implanted in 2013.

Transfemoral TAVI-in-TAVI using the self-expandable Portico 23 mm, THV was performed resulting in a precise implantation (Fig. 1A). Post-operative echo- cardiography showed an excellent hemodynamic result (AVA 1.62 cm2, AVA index 1.04 cm2/m2, without para-prosthetic leak), the patient reported symptom improvement and after 7 days was discharged.

The second, a 71-year-old man with clinical symptoms (exercise-induced dyspnea) of heart

failure (NYHA III, ejection fraction 27%) and echocardiographically confirmed severe aortic regurgitation caused mostly by para-prosthetic leak (BVF, CoreValve 29 mm, implanted into the bicuspid valve in 2013). The Heart Team decided to proceed with transfemoral TAVI-in-TAVI using the balloon-expandable Sapien 3 29 mm bioprosthesis (Fig. 1B). Optimal implantation was achieved, post- operative echocardiography showed correct func- tion of implanted bioprothesis; the para-prosthetic leak disappeared and gradient was < 10 mmHg.

The patient was discharged after 6 days.

Taking into consideration the expanding rec- ommendations and rapid growth of TAVI it can be expected that increasingly more BVFs and subsequent TAVI-in-TAVI procedures will occur.

Hemodynamics with desired low trans-prosthetic gradient and possible future coronary access should be taken into consideration for optimal clinical effect. TAVI-in-TAVI procedures may also carry an elevated risk of debris embolizing to the brain, however, embolic protection devices can be a po- tential solution to decrease cerebral embolization and the associated neurological complications.

Conflict of interest: Szymon Jedrzejczyk, Piotr Scislo, Kajetan Grodecki and Bartosz Rymuza de- clare no conflict of interest. Janusz Kochman is proctor for Abbott and Zenon Huczek is proctor for Medtronic and Abbott.

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www.cardiologyjournal.org 615 Szymon Jedrzejczyk et al., TAVI-in-TAVI — Is this the future?

Figure 1. A. Portico 23 mm (upper and lower edge marked by white arrows) implanted into the failing Sapien XT 23 mm (marked by black arrow); B. Edwards Sapien 3 29 mm (marked by white arrows) implanted into CoreValve 29 mm (upper and lower edge marked by black arrows).

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