I. Complete the sentences with the correct form of the word given. (5 pts.)
1. The floods have caused _________________________ damage to countless homes in the region. REPAIR 2. I know you’re not an experienced cook, but this is a ___________________________________ recipe. FOOL 3. The problem with smartphones is resisting the __________________________________ to check emails every
five minutes or so. TEMPT
4. There is a growing trend to study ______________________________ these days, but it’s scientists who are needed in society. HUMAN
5. Is it __________________________________ to use notes when you’re giving a talk? CHEAT
II. Fill in the gap with one word. (5 pts.)
1. If we can use new computer technology in films, the ________________________’s the limit.
2. For some jobs patience is a __________________________________.
3. A stutter is a very common ________________________________ impediment.
4. Material such as coal, oil, gas is called fossil _________________________________.
5. A judge and a rubbish collector are people who are from different _________________________ of life.
III. Match the sentence halves. Put the correct letter (a-l) in the middle column. There are two extra endings.(10 pts.)
1. I get butterflies in my a) has to have is talent.
2. You should never give b) proven to reduce the chance of heart failure.
3. If you win a game hands down, c) devil you know.
4. A pre-requisite a novelist d) evils. It’s either that or laying people off.
5. A restaurant bill can be higher when soothing, e) on the fence.
6. When you raise your eyebrow, f) it means that you win easily, without much effort.
7. Fortunately, we have been able g) admired around the world for its quality.
8. Aspirin is scientifically h) stomach. I’m so nervous!
9. Cutting wages is the lesser of two i) relaxing music is played.
10. German engineering is greatly j) you communicate by means of body language.
k) up hope.
l) to pay off some of our debts.
IV. Complete the second sentence so that it has a similar meaning to the first. Use the word given in bold.(10 pts.) 1. I regret marrying my husband. WISH
I ________________________________________________________________________________ my husband.
2. The finalists in this year’s X-Factor were much more professional than last year’s. NEARLY
Last year’s X-Factor finalists were _______________________________________________________ this year’s.
3. I would have changed my plans if I’d known. HAD
________________________________________________________________ , I would have changed my plans.
4. It’s certain that the school will be put into special measures. BOUND
The school ____________________________________________________________________ special measures.
5. The architect was most concerned by the lack of drainage in the soil. WHAT
Name Book no. Department Teacher Date
KN Prof.
EXAMINATION IN ENGLISH
The lack of drainage in the soil _____________________________________________________________ most.
V. Choose the correct answer a, b, c or d. (10 pts.)
1. Kate ______ to contact him all morning. She’s giving up now and going for lunch.
a) have tried b) has been trying c) had been trying d) tried 2. Today is my last day at work. This time next week I______ on the beach .
a) will have laid b) will lying c) will have lain d) will be lying 3. I ______ that Franky could help me, actually.
a) am hoping b) hoped c) was hoping d) was hoped
4. They realized that I ______ to the wrong pub and therefore we didn’t see each other.
a) might have went b) might have gone c)might have been going d) might go 5. Joel was in a horrible mood when we met. His bank card ______ by a cash machine.
a) had been swallowed b) had swallowed c) has been swallowing d) has swallowed 6. The new wing in the hospital ______last year.
a) has been opened b) opened c) was being opened d) was opened
7. My bike chain has ______ I need to give it a bit of an oiling.
a) got rusty b) rustied c) had rusty d) gone rusty
8. I wondered what ______ if he had been in that situation.
a) would my father do b) my father would have done c) would my father did d) my father would do 9. I don’t mind mentioning it, but I’d rather you ______ to him about that.
a) spoke b) have spoken c) speak d) will speak
10. You ______ any food. We have lots already.
a) didn’t need to bring b) shouldn’t have bring c) needn’t have brought d) might have brought
VI. Choose the correct answer a, b, c or d. (10 pts.)
1) What kinds of food are contained in a high _________ diet?
a) brood b) conscience c) protein d) marshland
2) Most people enjoy travelling, whether short breaks near home or to __________ destinations.
a) alien b) remote c) secluded d) lonesome
3) While it may be impossible to remain optimistic in all circumstances, it _________ me that it’s better to see life in a positive way.
a) beats b) strikes c) hits d) bludgeons
4) Thanks to body language we can notice if people are _________ rest.
a) at b) on c) in d) by
5) Nowadays there are a lot of goods available, that’s why we are spoilt for _________ .
a) time b) answers c) wisdom d) choice
6) Many older people are joining the _________ community today, but it can be a confusing environment for them.
a) online b) selfie c) offline d) live
7) When you have a desperate __________ to buy something new, how do you go about it?
a) straight b) judgement c) desire d) conscience
8) Some countries have depressing periods of recession and _________ unemployment.
a) raising b) rising c) lifting d) ascending
9) We can check now and again that our ‘resting’ facial expression is closer to a smile than a _________ .
a) scowl b) growl c) gape d) skulk
10) Your actions should be _________ by hope rather than fear!
a) prompted b) aroused c) stimulated d) propelled
VII. Complete the sentences with the words from the box. (10 pts.) environmentally /stigmatized /widely /definitive/ posture/lead /laudable /clean / greatly /knighted
1. A new design is a success when it is _______________________________________________ used.
2. It’s encouraging that young people are more ______________________________ concerned than their parents.
3. They both feel that their son has changed ___________________________________________ since he met you.
4. When I needed to replace my old computer recently, I started out with the ______________________________
aim of comparing suitable models on the Internet.
5. They say that the recent biography of Nelson Mandela really is the _________________________________ one.
6. If you want to improve your ________________________________________, you could take up pilates.
7. Sometimes you should take a _____________________________ in the dark and hope you’ll come into the light.
8. The girl was ____________________________________ because of association with her violent father.
9. He was ______________________________________ for his achievements in education.
10. If you make a mistake, you’d better come ____________________________________ about it.
VIII. Write questions for the underlined part. (5 pts.)
1. I heard a noise while I was cleaning up the kitchen.
_______________________________________________
2. I have been working there for 20 years.
_______________________________________________________
3. His car has been stolen because he had left it open.
______________________________________________
4. Liz isn’t coming to the party tonight.
__________________________________________________________
5. He had just spent most of his savings on a new house before his car was stolen.
_______________________________________________________________________________________
IX. Read the text and choose the best answer: A, B, C or D. (7 pts.) Creating a sustainable food system
The food system is perhaps the most vital component of our modern industrialized world. Without food in shops, it’s fair to say society would unravel in a matter of days. The food industry is in many ways a success story, something to marvel at. It provides the majority of people on this planet with life sustaining, affordable food in the places they reside. As a species, over time we have largely broken free of the burden of food production, hunting and foraging that preoccupied our ancestors and are able to devote our time and resources to other aspects of human activity that bring progress. And yet the system we all rely on is incredibly inefficient.
Leaving to one side the negative environmental impact, the estimated one billion people who are under-nourished and further one billion overweight, it has been estimated that between 30% and 50% of all food produced worldwide is not eaten – it never makes it to the table. In the past it could have been argued that this material inefficiency was affordable in an era of cheap food. But we are already experiencing the beginning of a new era of stress on the food system as demand grows and environmental limits are reached. Global food prices continue to rise, and do so at a rate beyond the cyclical peaks and troughs inherent in the system. Thriving population growth will see a further two billion mouths to feed over the next 40 years. Complicating matters is the emergence of a voracious demand from growing economies such as China and India, and serious uncertainties around global warming.
You’d be forgiven for thinking that the solution to this impending crisis is to eat what’s in the fridge before it expires. But while there has been a lot of attention paid to consumer food waste in recent times, the majority of wastage actually occurs elsewhere. According to a 2011 study from the UN’s Food and Agriculture Organization, approximately two thirds of food waste in Europe occurs in the supply chain between production and retail. In developing nations this proportion can be far greater – another report by the Institute of Mechanical Engineers on the subject highlighted how some countries in South East Asia can lose as much as 80% of their rice crop to wastage. In the UK, recycling charity Wrap estimates that some 15 million tonnes of food waste is created each year. Of this, 7.2 million tonnes occurs in the home with the vast majority of the rest accruing in the supply chain.
The cause of these losses and their solutions vary. It’s hard to avoid crop failure due to poor weather conditions.
Human error, even within high-tech food supply chains, is hard to eliminate. But at the other end of the scale is wastage in the name of consumer choice. Critics argue that supermarket chains’ refusal to accept cosmetic blemishes and variations
in the shape of fresh fruit and vegetables sees perfectly
edible, nutritious food binned. Although reliable statistics are thin on the ground, there can be little doubt that the quest for aesthetic uniformity, the bewildering range of food available in large retailers and overzealous ‘best before’ and ‘use by’ labels leads to wastage that is entirely avoidable.
Tackling this requires a multi-pronged approach. Consumers undoubtedly have a responsibility to reduce their personal food waste levels through making better decisions when buying and planning meals. This needs to be supported by consumer education and better labelling. Both government and industry have a role in this, as do groups like Wrap. But government and industry have to practise what they preach. Public sector catering in the UK in schools and hospitals is a
billionpound industry with its own environmental burden. This provides an opportunity to demonstrate the business benefits of a more sustainable approach.
However, it’s the food industry that is crucial to reducing waste, more than any other group, because of major retailers’ market power and direct relationship with consumers. Initiatives provide encouragement but progress is hampered by lack of data and transparency. Scandals about undeclared ingredients in pre-packaged meals, for example, are an illustration of the lack of transparency in the food sector. Industry food waste practices could prove just as repulsive to consumers but, as it stands, the lack of reporting requirements limit public understanding and therefore genuine pressure on industry to change. Mandatory reporting would empower market forces and allow consumers to move beyond
‘fridge guilt’ to positively support a more efficient and sustainable food system.
(Source: https://bre.eltkeynote.com/resources/end-course-tests)
1. What point is made in the first paragraph?
a) Despite being an impressive
accomplishment, there are faults in the food system that need addressing.
b) Spending more time on the food system
would bring about important
improvement to it.
c) Without the food system, we would be forced to return to earlier methods of gathering food.
d) There are fewer more important concerns than the provenance of the food we consume.
2. What does affordable refer to in the second paragraph?
a) Food production b) The price of food c) Wasted food d) Demand for food
3. The Author believes in the second paragraph that we cannot waste food because:
a) it mainly affects global warming b) we won’t have enough food
c) people in India and China will starve d) more and more become overweight
4. What is the writer doing in the third paragraph?
a) justifying the actions of certain manufacturing companies
b) defining the role of particular countries in the production of food
c) explaining the disparity in food production rates between continents
d) acknowledging a common misconception about avoiding food waste
5. How does the writer feel about wasting food ‘in the name of consumer choice’
(fourth paragraph)?
a) irritated by the lack of available information about processes
b) dubious about the reasons given for mistakes that are made
c) frustrated about the futile nature of trying to make changes
d) disapproving of the way in which certain procedures are handled
6. In the fifth paragraph, the writer says that a) education groups have failed to respond to a call for improvements.
b) consumers have been failed by inadequate provision of information.
c) governments have a responsibility to adhere to their own guidelines.
d) schools and hospitals have a tendency to overspend on catering.
7. In the final paragraph, the writer says that
a) public pressure groups take a dim view of industry malpractice.
b) insisting on disclosure is the only way progress will be made in reducing food waste.
c) consumers would welcome the opportunity to put their views about waste forward.
d) retailers tend to exert a negative influence on consumers’ eating habits.
X. Match the words in bold from the text in exercise IX to their definitions. (8 pts.)
1. unravel a) to be destroyed
2. peaks and troughs b) to accumulate or be added periodically
3. voracious c) interfered or restricted
4. impending d) very eager for something
5. accrue e) having several distinct aspects or elements
6. overzealous f) occurring or likely to occur soon
7. multi-pronged g) excessively eager, enthusiastic, or fervent
8. hampered h) patterns that are developed by the price action experienced by all securities
Score: 0-47 NDST 48-54 DST 55-61 +DST 62-67 DB 68-74 +DB 75-80 BDB
