R ep o rte d b y C. L. P a rk e r, S olicito r of C hem ical P a te n ts , McGill B uilding, W a sh in g to n , D . C.
987,850. Process of Treating Ores.
This is a process for treating metalliferous ores, particularly those bearing the more valuable metals, such as gold, silver copper, etc., and the invention resides in taking uncrushed ores as they come from the m ines or after they have passed through the prim ary breakers an d alternately lifting and dropping the sam e onto a hard surface or surfaces w ithin a container whereby to pulverize the ores, and while dropping subjecting such ores to a high tem perature by d ry h eat to drive off the w ater of crys
tallization and volatile products in the ore and render the ore mass spongy and cause th e sam e to decrepitate, thereby assisting
in breaking and crushing the ore on im pacting with the hard breaker body so as to pulverize the ore.
In the use of the ap p aratu s shown in the accompanying illus
tration, the ore 29 to be treated is placed in the container 1 and the fuel for heating is also introduced when the oil burner 16
is used to pioduce the h eat blast from inlet to outlet of the con
tainer 1. H aving introduced th e ore in large chunks as it comes from the mine (or aftei it has passed through the first breaker) into the container 1 and having introduced the solvent into container 6 (the solvent being a eyanid or o th er solution wta®
gold and silv er ores are undergoing treatm ent) a hot blast is
T H E J O U R N A L O F I N D U S T R I A L A N D E N G I N E E R I N G C H E M I S T R Y . 535
produced by igriting the b urner 16 in any desired manner, and [he containers are set in motion. The ore 29 will be carried up by the partitions 12 and 13 an d dropped through the blast or flame 15 where they will come into direct contact w ith the lot blast and have their w ater of crystallization and volatile products driven off. Any sulphur in the ore will be removed in this manner. The ore having dropped through the hot blast 13 impacts the crusher surface 4 of the container a t the bottom nid inasmuch as the stru ctu re of the ore ¡11 being heated is weakened and made porous, th e im pact will break an d crush the ore, which breaking an d crushing is further assisted by the roll
ing and tumbling of the softer particles in connection w ith the
practically so, so as to avoid the boiling of the solvent b u t still allow sufficient h eat to assist the chemical reaction.
As soon as a sufficient q u an tity of ore is deposited in the solu
tion 7 in the container 6, said container is rolled aw ay and a n other container substituted. The dissolved ore and solvent from the container 6 which has been rolled aw ay m ay be em ptied after forced percolation by steam or vacuum, or both, and extracting the values thereby into any suitable reservoir where it m ay be furth er treated by the usual m eans to separate the dis
solved values if any remain.
The inventor is Isaac A. Braddock, of Haddonlield, New J e r
sey, assignor of one-sixth to W illiam C. Cood, of Baltim ore
harder particles in the container 1 during its rotation. The tem perature within the container 1 is usually carried up to about 5*3° F. so as to thoroughly d ry th e ore and drive off the volatile products.
Attention is called to the fact th a t the rem oval of the volatile products in the ore while passing through th e h eat zone causes decrepitation to take place, and the ore becomes porous and spongy so when it contacts the bottom of the container it will 1* broken and crum bled, the breaking and crum bling action Mug also assisted by the rolling and tum bling of the ore w ithin 'lie retort during its movements, the heavier and lesser heated ores serving to assist in crushing the softer particles u n til the
°re is reduced to a fine powder. The force of the heated blast serves to cause the crushed particles of the ore to giadually work toward the outlet 9 of the container an d as soon as the ore rocks lave been crushed fine enough the heated blast will carry the
°re particles through the outlet 9 of the re to rt 1 into the second container 6 where the h o t ore particles are deposited into the solvent 7. The container 6 being provided w ith partitions 13
“ill serve to agitate the solution w ithin the container 6 an d as hot ore particles are directly deposited into said solution the
^opcrature within the container 6 will be m aintained a t the desired degree (usually from 200° to 2120 F .). The air opening between the containers 1 and 6 is so regulated th a t the tem per- alure within the container 6 will be m aintained constant or
M aryland, and one-sixth to Nicholas A. K estler and one-sixth to D avid E. Anthony, of W ashington, D istrict of Columbia.
988,646- Process of Making Sulfuric Anhydrid.
This invention relates to a process of m anufacturing sulfuric anhydrid from iron and copper pyrites, sulfid ores, and m attes resulting from th e treatm en t of such ores.
In carrying o u t the process, sulfur-bearing ores or m attes, preferably fines, on account of their lower commercial value,
536
T H E J O U R N A L O F I N D U S T R I A L A N D E N G I N E E R I N G C H E M I S T R Y . Ju ly ,resistcr th a t th e "pinch effect” in such column is availed of lor causing more or less violent circulation and movement of tie heated m aterial from the columns into th e mass of molten mi' terial under treatm en t.
The accom panying illustration is a vertical sectional vie»
of an electric furnacc in which th e resister is in the form of a column or columns of m olten m aterial contacting with tie electrodes an d com m unicating w ith th e m ain mass of molten m aterial above it.
The inventor is Carl Hering, of Philadelphia, Pa.
988,963. M anufacture of Lead Oxid and W hite Lead.
In th e m anufacture of w hite lead from oxid by dissolving the la tte r in acetate of lead solution, nearly half the lead remains behind as sludge. This is owing to th e oxid of lead having been fused in its m anufacture, and no m a tte r how finely it is ground afterw ard, this fused oxid is in large p a rt insoluble in the acetate of lead solution.
I t is th e purpose of this invention to avoid the fusing of the oxid altogether b y m aking i t as a highly soluble massicot at a tem perature a long w ay below th e fusing point, and thus the difficulty h ith erto experienced in working commercial litharge is avoided. F urther, in th e m anufacture of red lead it is also very desirable to have th e lead oxid in as.fine a state of division as possible to avoid the fusing of th e oxid, and to have ever;' particle of th e charge a t th e sam e degree of oxidation, and especially to avoid powdered lead in th e charge, as the lead takes m uch longer to oxidize to red lead th a n the fused oxid, an d th e fused oxid m uch longer th a n th e finely divided in
fused oxid. I t is thus impossible to bring all the lead oxid a t th e same tim e to th e rig h t color, and individual parts are too much oxidized, an d others too little.
The process is defined in the p a te n t as consisting in subjecting
m etallic lead to a blast of air and steam , discharging the mixed are ground to an im palpable powder. This is th en fed into a
furnace, kiln or shaft, heated to a tem perature high enough to ignite th e sulfur, preferably being fed b y an air blast or draw n into th e furnace by a fan or blower suction. The pulverulent ore is a t once ignited, w ith formation of sulfurous anhydrid and m etallic oxids. The finely divided m etallic oxids arc carried along in th e furnace w ith th e m ixture of sulfurous anhydrid and air, an d being in such a fine s ta te of division, a c t a t once as a catalyzer, converting 30-40 per cent, of th e sul
furous anhydrid into sulfuric anhydrid, and a t th e same tim e th e gases are purified by th e rem oval of arsenic and the like by th eir intim ate co n tact w ith the fine non-volatile oxids.
The spent metallic oxids are then separated from th e gas. The resulting sulfuric anhydrid is absorbed in strong sulfuric acid in the well-known absorption towers, and the rem aining sulfurous anhydrid converted into sulfuric anhydrid by the continuance of th e contact process or into hydrated sulfuric acid by th e well- known cham ber process.
T he accom panying illustration shows the ap p aratu s in which the process is carried out.
T he inventor is Jos. McFetridge, of V andergrift, Pa.
988,724. Cement Treating Process.
This invention is a process for treatin g P ortland cement clinker, b y running th e intensely heated clinker from a ro tary kiln into a receiver and treatin g the same for th e desired tim e w ith steam a t high pressure generated by spraying w ater upon th e heated m aterial in a closed receiver or otherwise, so th a t the
clinker is disintegrated or m ade firablc so as to facilitate grind
ing and its ageing or hydration to the desired ex te n t is effected, th a t is, the free or objectionably loosely combined or lime magnesia in th e clinker is hydrated or reduced to other forms.
The accom panying illustration shows ap p aratu s for carrying out th is process.
The inventors are R obert W. Lesley, of Haverford, and H enry S. Spackm an, of Ardmore, Pennsylvania.
988,936. Electric Furnace Process and Electric Furnace.
This invention resides in an electric furnace wherein the resister comprises a colum n or columns of m olten m aterial, electrodes furnishing com m unication w ith th e columns, the
h eat in th e column resister being communicated to the mais body or mass of m olten or other m aterial under treatment by conduction from such resister and chiefly by convection and rapid circulation; and i t is a further feature of the invention th a t th e patentee so constructs an d proportions the column
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July, 19
11 Th e j o u r n a l o f i n d u s t r i a l a n d e n g i n e e r i n g c h e m i s t r y. 537 converter is in blast. F urther, owing to the fact th a t an ordinary charge such as m ay be used for this process frequently consists of pig iron, steel scrap, and wrought iron, there is a lack of uniform ity in the m etal passing into th e converter, and the steel is difficult to grade.
Now the object of th e present invention is to obtain a purer and more uniform quality of steel. For this purpose th ere is formed a b a th or well a t the bottom of the cupola in which th e m olten m etal accum ulates and from which it overflows into the converter attached. This b a th is supplied w ith tw yers similar to those in th e converter in order to thoroughly ag itate and m ix th e m olten m etal, and rem ove by oxidation any excess of
necessary to fuse the oxid until the entire lead contents arc con
verted into oxid.
The accompanying illustration shows ap p aratu s in which the process may be carricd out.
The inventor is George Vincent, of Liverpool, England.
590,266. Manufacture of Steel.
This invention relates to th e conversion of iron into steel by a process analogous to th e Bessemer m ethod and has m ore partic
ular reference to im provem ents in w h at m ay be term ed the continuous conversion process. In this last-nam ed method the converter is of a stationary type, ercctcd adjacent to or even as part of the cupola, whereby m olten cast iron, th e product of th e cupola, is allowed to pass directly from th e cupola hearth con
tinuously into the converter through a conduit or connecting passage. The m etal accum ulates in th e converter, to which blast, under suitable pressure is applied, causing th e carbon, and other metalloids to be oxidized an d the heated products of combustion to pass up into th e cupola and assist in the reduction and m elting of th e m etal. Thus th e process of smelting and converting are carried on sim ultaneously, the b ath of molten steel being constantly fuel cnriched b y passing over ot highly carbonized iron from the cupola, and a sufficiently high temperature m aintained to insure the com bination of th e oxygen in the blast w ith the carbon of th e m etal, the converter hearth being tapped in term itten tly for steel, as th e m olten Metal accumulates and gets deprived of its carbon and other metalloids by the action of the air blast. H itherto in this Method of m anufacturing steel, there has been excessive slag- pug, from the converter and th e too free passage of m olten Metal intermingled w ith slag from the converter resulting in abnormal losses of m etal th a t pass out w ith the slag while the
silicon, m anganese or other im purities in the m etal before it overflows into th e said converter. T he presence of th e coke in th e cupola b a th prevents an y appreciable reduction in the q u a n tity of carbon in the m etal, so th a t the m etal overflowing into the converter docs n o t contain more silicon and manganese th an is required to be removed before the carbon is reduced to th e desired percentage, b u t if found necessary carbon m ay be added in an y convenient way to the converter or th e b a th to m ake up any deficiency.
The accom panying illustration shows ap p aratu s in which the process is carried out.
T he inventor is Thom as Jam es H eskett, of W estminster, London, England.
dust and gases in an upw ard direction, and a t the same tim e heating said dust and gases to a degree slightly below th a t
AVERAGE WHOLESALE PRICES OF STANDARD CHEMICALS, ETC., FOR MONTH OF JUNE.