dried yeast. E . B o y l a n d (Bioehem. J ., 1929; 23, 219—229).—Up to a limiting concentration of phos
phoric esters the basic rate of fermentation varies with the concentration of phosphorus present as phosphoric esters. Up to this same concentration the ratio of drphosphoric ester to monophosphoric ester remains constant, b ut above the limiting con
centration the relative amount of diphosphoric ester increases. The addition of inorganic phosphate to dried yeast fermenting dextrose is followed by ester- ification and liberation of carbon dioxide, but there is a considerable lag between esterification and the evolution of carbon dioxide. The carbon dioxide liberated by phosphate is somewhat more than equi
valent to the added phosphate, but is approximately equivalent to the phosphorus esterified plus the amount of phosphorus as monophosphate formed.
In fermentation by dried yeast in presence of phos
phate the monophosphoric esters are formed late in the reaction. Under the conditions described in this paper these esters consist mainly of trehalosemono-
phosphate. ' S. S. Z t l v a .
Equation of alcoholic ferm entation. II. A.
Ha r d e n and F. R. He n l e y (Bioehem. J ., 1929, 23, 230—236).—In fermentations of dextrose or Ifevulose in presence of phosphate carried out with dried yeast the ratio of extra carbon dioxide evolved to phosphorus esterified tends to be slightly higher than unity.
With maceration extract and yeast-juice this ratio tends to be somewhat lower than unity as previously found with zymin. The ratio of hexosediphosphate to hexosemonophosphate formed during the ferment
ation is usually high for dried yeast, b ut is very variable for maceration extract and yeast-juice, the product in extreme cases consisting almost entirely of either the diphosphate or monophosphate. The most constant ratio which was observed is th a t of extra carbon dioxide to total phosphorus esterified, which varies only about ± 1 0 % , although the pro
portions of diphosphate and monophosphate may vary from 96% of diphosphate to 86% of monophosphate.
The equation of Harden and Young cannot be applied to those cases in which a large proportion of hexose- monophosphate is produced, whilst the ratio carbon dioxide /total phosphorus esterified remains at about
0-9. S. S. Zil v a.
Alcoholic ferm entation. XVIII. Behaviour of yeast to glyceraldehyde and glyceric acid. S.
Ko s t y t s c h e v and K. Je g o r o v a (Z. physiol. Chcm., 1929, 181, 264—280).—Glyceric acid and glvcer- aldehyde are not fermented by yeast to any significant extent and cannot therefore be intermediate products of alcoholic fermentation. P. W. Cl u t t e r b u c k.
M echanism of fluoride inhibition and the dissociation curve of fluor-m ethæm oglobin. F.
Lh-manîî (Bioehem. Z., 1929, 206, 171—185).—The inhibition of fermentation by fluoride is completely reversible and in accordance with the mass action law. I t increases with acidity; this is consistent with complex formation between enzyme and fluoride.
R R
The dissociation constant of fluor-methæmoglobin was determined. The dissociation is a unimoleenlar reaction. The oxidation of oxalic acid by perman
ganate and hydrogen peroxide decomposition by tervalent iron are inhibited by fluoride.
J . H. Bi r k i n s h a w.
Top y east. H. v o n Eu l e r and H. Ni l s s o n (Z.
physiol. Chem., 1929,181, 281—290).—The ferment
ing power and oxygen utilisation of fresh yeast and of washed and unwashed dried yeast with and without addition of boiled juice are greatly decreased by treating the yeast with hydrogen sulphide. W ith fresh yeast both the fermenting power and the oxygen utilisation are decreased to one quarter, whilst with unwashed dried yeast the fermenting power is de
creased to one eighth and the oxygen utilisation to one fourteenth of the control values. The co-zymase of dried yeast obtained by treating fresh yeast for 24 hrs. with hydrogen sulphide and drying may be washed out with water. P. W. Cl u t t e r b u c k.
E rgosterol content of yeast. A . He i d u s c h k a
and H . Li n d n e r (Z. physiol. Chem., 1929, 181, 15—
23).—Ergosterol was prepared from yeast by heating with alcoholic potassium hydroxide. On evaporation of the alcohol crystals separated, the ether extract of which yielded ergosterol. Colorimetric determin
ations show-ed th a t the ergosterol content of yeast and moulds is subject to wide variations according to the method of cultivation. J . H . Bi r k i n s h a w".
Form ation of fum aric acid in sugar cultures of R h izopus nigricans and its behaviour w ith pyruvic acid. W. S. Bu t k e w i t s c h and M. W.
Fe d e r o f f (Bioehem. Z., 1929, 206, 440—456).—The results confirm the findings of Ehrlich and Bender (A., 1928, 95). In the presence of calcium carbonate the pyruvic acid underwent a change which bore no relationship to the activity of the mould. The empirical formula of the isolated monobasic acid is
C7H „04. C. C. N. Va s s.
M etabolism of am ino-acids by Parafnœ cium caudatinn. F . E . Em e r y (J. Morph, Physiol., 1928, 45, 555—577).—The rate of metabolism of the amino- acids was : phenylalanine 7-7, tryptophan 9-6, glycine 9-6, leucine 12-0, glutamic acid 13-2, alanine 15-5, arginine 15-9, tyrosine 17-7, aspartic acid 25-1, cysteine hydrochloride 26-3, glutamic acid hydrochloride 45-6, mixture of all except arginine 48-3%. Cystine was not utilised or converted into cysteine. The values for histidine and lysine were 10—15% and about 5%.
Ch e m i c a l Ab s t r a c t s.
Steric relationships in the dism utation of phenylglyoxal hydrate by various bacteria. S.
Ha y a s h i (Bioehem. Z., 1929, 206, 223—227).—
B. proteus, B. fluorescens, B. pyocyaneu3, and B.
prodigiosus all convert phenylglyoxal hydrate into d(—)-mandelic acid. The optimum p n is 7. B. coli produces the same change best a t p a 8-1 ; the acid consists of 65—75% d(—)-form ; in the analogous dis- m utation of methylglyoxal hydrate this organism produces inactive lactic acid. J . H . Bi r k i n s h a w.
Decom position of fats by bacteria. F. E.
H a a g (Arch. H y g ., 1928, 100, 271—308; Chem.
Zentr., 1928, ii, 1891—1892).—The ease of decom
608 BR ITISH CHEMICAL ABSTRACTS.----A.
position of fatty acids by bacteria depends on the chemical, and not on the physical, properties of the fats. A bactericidal action b y the higher fatty acids was not observed; a solvent action on the bacteria by the alkali soaps is concerned. A. A. El d r i d g e.
Reduction of sulphates b y m icro-organ ism s in presence of fats. G. Se l i b e r (Coinpt. rend. Soc.
Biol., 1928, 99, 544—546; Chem. Zentr., 1928, ii, 1781—1782).—Reducing micro-organisms decompose sulphates with production of hydrogen sulphide if fat or its products of decomposition are present, the fat being anaerobically decomposed. Both processes can proceed a t the sea-bottom. A . A . El d r i d g e.
Proteolytic bacteria of m ilk. IV. Action of proteolytic m ilk bacteria on am ino-acids and other sim p le nitrogenous com pounds. W. C.
Fr a z i e r and P. Ru p p (J. Bact., 192S, 16,231—245).—
Some of the organisms which can use carbamide as sole source of nitrogen liberate ammonia, whilst others produce an acid reaction. Organisms, which can use ammonia as sole source of nitrogen appear to use any of the simpler amino-acids if a fermentable sugar is present. Differentiation of organisms may probably be based on differences in utilisation of amino-acids as sources of both nitrogen and carbon.
Ch e m i c a l Ab s t r a c t s.
Rennin action. I. Rennin production by B acillus pro d ig ip su s. II. Effect of rennin on sodium caseinogenate. J . G. Wa i i l i n (J. Bact., 1928, 16; 355—373, 375—386).—The production of rennin by B. prodigiosus in a medium containing complex proteins, amino-acids, and ammonia is more active a t 37° than a t 20°; raw cultures are more active than filtrates. The reimin is more therm o
stable, and less susceptible to oxalates and to the caseinogen concentration than is calf rennin. I t coagulates heated milk more readily than calf rennin.
Rennin renders the protein of sodium caseinogenate or milk more readily precipitable by salts. Certain types of proteolytic bacteria similarly affect sodium caseinogenate. Ch e m i c a l Ab s t r a c t s.
N itrogen exchange in Bacillus m ycoides. I.
Influence of m ed ium on grow th and nitrogen exchange. II. Proteolytic enzym es. H.
Gu n k a- Ts c h k r n o r u t z k y (Biochem. Z., 1929, 206, 301—307, 308—313).—I. Cultures of B. mycoides in 1% peptone decomposed the protein with ammonia production. Addition of dextrose (1%) reduced the decomposition. In caseinogen-peptone medium an increased ammonia content with a decreased amino- acid content was observed. Medium containing only monoamino-acids yielded light and delayed growths.
I I. A trvpsin-like enzyme has been extracted from B. mycoides. Results obtained from a dextrose medium support the views of Waksman, th a t dextrose forms a high energy source for the bacteria and so diminishes the decomposition of the proteins.
C. C. N. Va s s.
Carnitine, crotonobetaine, and y-butyrobetaine in putrefaction. W. Li n n e w e h (Z. physiol. Chem., 1929,181,54—57)—Both carnitine andcrotonobetame are reduced to p-butyrobetaine by putrefactive organ
isms. J . H . Bi r k e s s h a w.
G enesis and character of bacterial poisons.
M. Ei s l e r (Z. Im m unitats., 1928, 56, 209—233;
Chem. Zentr., 1928, ii, 1781).—Bacterial poisons are regarded as extractive materials of dead bacteria rather than as secretory products of living bacteria.
A. A. El d r i d g e.
Absorption of tuberculin. A. B o q u e t , L . N e g k e , and J . V a l t i s (Compt. rend. Soc. Biol., 192S, 99, 9—12; Chem. Zentr., 192S, ii, 1892).—If tuber
culin is treated with a sufficient quantity of finely- divided carbon, it is freed from all active (antigenic and toxic) substances. The adsorption complex so formed is irreversible and indissociable in vivo.
A. A. El d r i d g e.
Carbohydrate content of the alcohol-soluble antigen of tubercle bacilli. K . Kn o w l t o n and M. Pi n n e r (Arner. Rev. Tuberculosis, 1928,18, 502—
504).—The antigen is almost certainly of lipoid nature.
Ch e m i c a l Ab s t r a c t s.
Bacteria. XXIII. Com parative yields of w ater-soluble protein carbohydrate from tubercle bacilli from various sources. T. B.
Jo h n s o n and A . G. Re n f r e w (Amer. Rev. Tuber
culosis, 1928,18,505—512).—A technique is described.
The yield of carbohydrate is reduced, and th a t of the active protein is very low, when autoclaved cells are used. Ch e m i c a l Ab s t r a c t s.
Physico-chem ical conditions of the thermo
stab ility of diphtheria antitoxin. V. K u l i k o v ,
P. S m i r n o v , and M. B o b k o v a (Compt. rend. Soc.
Biol., 192S, 98, 1503—1504; Chem. Zentr., 1928, ii, 1579).—On addition of alkali to the antitoxin gradual precipitation takes place in the p u range 4-8—7-0;
a t maximal precipitation (pn 6-1—6-5) all the anti
toxin is present in the precipitate. Heating and treatm ent with acid also lead to concentration of the antitoxin or removal of attendant substances.
A. A. El d r i d g e.
N ature of the bacteridical agents (bacteri- cidins) in duodenal juice. W. Lo w e n b e r g (Z.
ges. exp. Med., 192S, 62, 184—216; Chem. Zentr., 1928, ii, 1585).—The substances are resistant to heat, and in their behaviour on dialysis and ultrafiltration are between proteins and crystalloids; they are not readily absorbed. They are not identical with the bactericidal substances of serum, with pancreas enzymes, or with bacteriophages. A. A. El d r i d g e.
Chem ical constitution and germ icidal activity of am ines, ketones, and aldehydes. F. W.
T i l l e y and J . M. S c h a f f e r (J. Bact., 1928, 16, 279—285).—For prim ary alkylamines and Bacillus typhosus the average ratio between successive mole
cular phenol coefficients was 2-0, and with Staphylo
coccus aureus 3-3. For alkyl ketones and B. typhosus the average ratio was 3-25; unsatisfactory experi
ments with aldehydes indicated values of 2-5 or more.
Ch e m i c a l Ab s t r a c t s.
Com m ercial bacteriological peptones. J. G.
McAl p i n e and G. D. Br i g h a m ( J . Bact., 1928, 16, 251—256).—A study of the nitrogen distribution in Difco-Bacto, Difco-Proteose, Fairchild, and Witte peptones. Ch e m i c a l Ab s t r a c t s.
Factors affecting the grow th of surface colonies of bacteria. P. K. Ba t e s (Abst. Thesis Mass. Inst.
BIOCHEMISTRY. 609 Tech, No. 3, J a n , 1929, 39—4-0).—The area of a
bacterial colony on an agar surface increases a t a rate characteristic of each species. Growth is greater in a humid than in a dry atmosphere, and in a neutral than in an acid medium, and is inhibited by lack of oxygen.
The character of the colonies varies w ith the concen
tration of the agar gel, and with the tem perature; a t 25°, growth is slower than a t 37°, b u t much larger colonies are formed. E. W. Wi g n a l l.
B ehaviour of c a lc iu m i n a d m in is tra tio n of adrenaline. H. La w a c z e c k (Deut. Arch. klin.
Med, 1928, 160, 309—322; Chem. Z e n tr, 1928, ii, 1893).—Administration of adrenaline does not change the total blood-calcium, b u t a greater proportion of the calcium is ultrafilterable. A. A. El d r i d g e.
Effect of in su lin a n d a d re n a lin e on th e d is
trib u tio n of d e x tro se in th e blood. S. I. Vi n o k u r o v (Zhur. exp. Biol. M ed, 1928, 9, 394— 407).—
Large doses of insulin remove the difference between the red cells and plasma of pigeon’s blood as regards uneven distribution of dextrose and residual reduction.
The effect of adrenaline is to accentuate the difference in the concentration of dextrose between cells and plasma, the cells suffering loss of dextrose.
Ch e m i c a l Ab s t r a c t s.
Carbohydrate balance of fasting rats after insulin and adrenaline injections. C . F. Co r iand G. T. Co r i (Biochem. Z , 1929, 206, 39—55).—
Between the 24th and 48th hr. the to tal glycogen of fasting rats decreases by about 15%. The respiratory quotient is not changed by adrenaline injection, but the oxygen consumption increases. After moderate doses of insulin the respiratory quotient rises slightly, but the oxygen uptake is constant. Three hrs. after adrenaline injection muscle-glycogen is 57 mg. lower and liver-glycogen 36 mg. higher per 100 g. of animal.
Muscle-glycogen is transformed into liver-glycogen by way of lactic acid. After insulin, muscle-glycogen is 34 mg. lower and furnishes p a rt of the carbohydrate burnt. The already low liver-glycogen scarcely changes. Insulin increases the combustion of blood- sugar in the peripheral tissue. The mechanism of insulin and adrenaline action is discussed.
J . H. Bi r k i n s h a w.
Insulin and gluconeogenesis. M. W. Go l d- b l a t t (Biochem. J , 1929, 23, 243—255).—Experi
ments on rats, rabbits, and m an show th a t insulin can stimulate the new formation of glycogen from endogenous sources. The theory th a t insulin inhibits gluconeogenesis is untenable. S. S. Zi l v a.
B iological characteristic of bound sugar.
Fasting dogs. C. To s c a n o (Policlinico, l'J27, 11 p p .; Chem. Z e n tr, 1928, ii, 1583).—By the action of insulin a general diminution of free and bound sugar first takes place. Long fasting does not increase the normal bound blood-sugar value. A state of high bound sugar regularly follows a diminution, the free sugar being lowered. Considerable increase of bound sugar does not cause a decrease of free sugar. Ad
ministration of adrenalineeauses rapid increase of the free sugar with simultaneous decrease of the bound sugar. I t is supposed' th a t adrenaline causes the degradation of the former to the latter.
A. A. El d r i d g e.
M ech an ism of th e re d u c tio n of b lo o d -su g a r values b y th e ac tio n of in su lin . B. Ma t s u o k a
(Compt. rend. Soc. B iol, 1928, 98, 1178—1179;
Chem. Z e n tr, 1928, ii, 1786).—The hypoglyesemie action of insulin depends on the formation of laet- acidogen in the liver and probably in the muscles, and on the conversion of lactacidogen into glycogen.
A . A . El d r i d g e.
In s u lin a n d ex c re tio n of u rin e . R . Ag n o l i
(Arch, b io l, 1926; 10 p p .; Chem. Z e n tr, 1928, ii, 1786).—Insulin decreases urinary excretion; the effect is not conditioned' by hypoglycsemia, and is abolished by oral administration of urea.
A . A . El d r i d g e.
B e ta -h o rm o n e . B. P . Wi e s n e r and J . S.
Pa t e l (Nature, 1929, 123, 449).—The corpus luteum (cattle) contains an extractable substance which causes some of the effects ascribed to the hypothetical beta-hormone, e.g., it prevents the atrophy of the uterus in ovariotomised mature mice. I t is concluded th a t the substance is a factor responsible for pseudo
pregnancy in diphasic animals and for the premen
struum in monophasic animals. A. A. El d r i d g e.
O v a ria n h o rm o n e . Influence of th e co rp u s lu te u m on th e se x u a l cycle. G . Co t t e and G . Pa l l o t (Compt. rend. Soc. B iol, 1928, 99, 69—72;
Chem. Z e n tr, 1928, ii, 1892).—There exist in the ovary two hormones of opposing action; one, be
longing to the corpus luteum, hinders ovulation.
A . A . El d r i d g e.
P h y sio log y of g lan d s. CXIV. L. As h e r.
A ctiv atio n of a d re n a l g la n d s by th y ro x in e. F.
Zi m m e r m a n n (Biochem. Z , 1929, 206, 369—400).—
The modification of Hagedorn and Jensen’s method introduced by Issekutz and Both (cf. A , 1927, 600) was used to determine the glycogen content of the bilateral muscles, taken separately, of the hind-leg of a rat. Normal muscles showed an average glycogen content of 0-79% with a maximum absolute variation between the values obtained from the separate portions of the muscle of 2-94%. After injection of adrenaline (1 : 10,000) the glycogen content decreased by 21-8%, with 1 :1000 by 25-28%, and in the case of adrenaline (1 : 10,000)+2% of novocaine by 28-85%.
The glycogen content of the liver after injection of adrenaline (1 : 10,000) was 1-79%, after 1 : 1000 0-90%. When adrenaline (1 : 1000) was injected approximately 6 hrs. after an injection of thyroxine (1 : 1000) the glycogen content in muscle fell by 37-06% and the glycogen content of the liver was 0-257%. Thyroxine increased the action of adrenaline on the carbohydrate metabolism. C. C. N. Va s s.
C hem ical n a tu r e of vitam in-.-l. J . C. Dr u m m o n d and L. C. Ba k e r (Biochem. J , 1929, 23, 274-— 291; cf. Drummond, Channon, and Coward, A , 1926, 206).—The unsaponifiable fraction of cod-liver oil after removal of the greater p a rt of the: cholesterol tends to decompose o n . fractionation (0-01—2 mm.
pressure) with serious loss of the vitamin. The constituents of this unsaponifiable fraction are not readily reduced by hydrogen in the presence of platinum or palladium catalysts. The unsaponifiable fraction from sheep-liver fat also decomposes consider
ably on distillation in a high vacuum. This is due to
610 B R ITISH CHEMICAL ABSTRACTS.— A.
the presence of the highly-unsaturated hydrocarbons resembling squalene (cf. Channon and Marrian, A . ,
1926, 638). The sheep-liver fractions are also resistant to hydrogenation. The distillation of the unsaponifiable fractions from Greenland shark-liver oil and Japanese shark-liver oil which consists mainly of selachyl, batyl, chimyl, and oleyl alcohols is accom
panied by comparatively little destruction of the vitamin. “ Biosterin ” of Takahashi and his colleagues consists to a very large extent of substances other than vi tarn in-.4. The structure for chimyl alcohol suggested by Heilbron and Owens ( A ., 1928, 616) is
confirmed. S. S. Zi l v a.
L im ita tio n s of th e a n tim o n y tric h lo rid e te s t fo r d e te rm in a tio n of v ita m in - ^ . W. S. Jo n e s,
A . E . Br i o d, S. Ar z o o m a n i a n, and W. G. Ch r i s t i a n s e n (J, Amer. Pharm. Assoc., 1929, 18, 253—256).—
Of 13 samples of cod-liver oil only 5 yielded colori
metric assays within 15% of the biological assays, and of the remaining 8, all except 2 gave colorimetric values which exceeded the biological by 20—600%.
E . H . Sh a r p l e s.
B io c h e m istry of c a ro tin -lik e su b sta n c e s.
B . v o n Eu l e r, H. v o n Eu l e r, and P. Ka r r e r (Helv.
Chem. Acta, 1929, 12, 278—285).—Contrary to the results of Drummond, Channon, and Coward (A., 1920, i, 908; 1926, 206), it is found th a t the addition of daily doses of 0-10—0-03 mg. of purified carotin to the basic diet of rats causes an increase in growth similar to th a t obtained with vitam in-4. Moreover, the colorimetric determination of carotin in the liver by the antimony chloride reaction gives results in rats which had been given carotin (19 and 29 Lovibond units) comparable to those obtained with rats fed on a normal diet (25—35 Lovibond units).
The growth increase is not a general effect of all carotin-like substances, since negative results are obtained with the isomeric lycopin (and its earboxylic acid, cf. this vol., 569), xanthophyll, a-crocetin, bixin, and capsanthin (all of which, however, give a positive antimony trichloride reaction), but positive results are obtained with dihvdro-a-crocetin if vitamin-Z) (in the form of irradiated arachis oil) is included in the diet. No growth increase occurs if the latter vitamin is absent, and this absence probably explains the contrary results of the earlier investig
ators. J . W. Ba k e r.
R e la tio n of v ita m u w l to g re e n n e ss of p la n t tissu e . II. V itam in -/! co n te n t of a s p a ra g u s . J . W. Cr i s t and M. Dy e (J. Biol. Chem., 1929, 81, 525—532).—Green asparagus is much more active in promoting the growth of rats on a diet deficient in vitam in-A than is bleached asparagus; this confirms the previously suggested relationship of vitam in-4 to greenness in plant tissue (A., 1927, 904).
C. R. Ha r i n g t o n.
V itam in co n te n t of to m a to e s rip e n e d a rtific i
a lly an d n a tu ra lly . M. C. Ho u s e, P. M. Ne l s o n,
and E. S. Ha b e r (J. Biol. Chem., 1929, 81, 495—
504).—The amount of vitam in-4 and -B in tomatoes increases during ripening to an equal degree whether the process takes place naturally on the plants or whether the fruit is picked green and ripened by exposure to the air or to ethylene. The maximum
development of vitamin-C is obtained only in fruit allowed to ripen naturally on the plant.
C . R . Ha r i n g t o n.
V itam in-/1 co n te n t of th e su b c u ta n e o u s fat of th e d o lp h in (Delphimis delpliis). S . N . Na t z k o
(Zhur. exp. Biol. Med., 1928, 10, 163—166).—In experiments with rats, dolphin fat and cod-liver oil gave equally good results. Ch e m i c a l Ab s t r a c t s.
M e ta b o lism a n d v ita m in -4 . C . M. McCa y and V. E. Ne l s o n (J. Metabol. Res., 1925—1926, 7—8, 199—204).—Albumin is a normal constituent of r a t ’s urine. In vitamin-4, deficiency the volume, density, acidity, and nitrogen partition of the urine are unaffected. Ch e m i c a l Ab s t r a c t s.
V itam in-J) fro m s te ro ls of m u m m ifie d Egyp
tia n b ra in . H . Ki n g, O. Ro s e n h e i m, and T. A.
We b s t e r (Biochem. J ., 1929, 23, 166—167).—
Cholesteryl esters were prepared from a mummified brain of Coptic origin dating from about 500 a.d. by warming the tissue in 2% potassium hydroxide and extraction with ether. On recrystallisation from ethyl acetate and from acetone a white product, m. p.
78—80°, [a]J5G1 —29°, w'as obtained. The crude esters after the removal of “ oxycholesterol ” gave colour reactions for ergosterol and showed the absorption spectrum of ergosterol in the region 280—2 9 0 ^ . The irradiated esters in daily doses of 2 and 4 mg.
showed the same antirachitic action as 0-05 y of irradiated ergosterol. The ergosterol content of cholesterol isolated from the mummified brain is of the same order as th a t from fresh brain.
S . S . Zi l v a.
A ctivity of irr a d ia te d e rg o ste ro l. R. Fa b k e
and H. Si m o n n e t (J. Pharm . Chim., 1929, [viii], 9, 331—338).—A discussion of the current methods used in testing antirachitic activity. B. A. Ea g l e s.
P h o to c h e m ic a l actio n of s te ro ls of diverse o rig in . L. H u g o u n e n q and E. Co u t u r e (Compt.
rend., 1929, 188, 742—743).—Sterols derived from silk-worm moths and brewer’s yeast show the action on the photographic plate already described (this vol., 359), whilst sterols obtained from ox-blood or snails
rend., 1929, 188, 742—743).—Sterols derived from silk-worm moths and brewer’s yeast show the action on the photographic plate already described (this vol., 359), whilst sterols obtained from ox-blood or snails