results obtained. N o t th e least valuable feature of this part of the book are th e carefully planned experim ents which arc well adapted for lecture-room dem onstration. Professor Cohen carefully develops the thesis th a t polym orphism is much more com mon than has ordinarily been supposed, and he sums up Part I by the statem en t (page 94) th a t "m ost, if not all hitherto determined physical-chem ical constants of solid substances are in need of a revision, since it is very probable th a t th e present values refer not to physically and chem ically pure modifications, but to physically impure and m etastable m ixtures which contain
758 I N D U S T R I A L A N D E N G I N E E R I N G C H E M I S T R Y Vol. 19, No. 6 are treated in considerable detail. T he striking advantages of th e electrical cell in physical-chem ical in vestigation are forth in the language of the courts w ith ju st sufficient explanation to m ake the m atters considered clear to the laym an.
T he tex t consists chiefly of verbatim quotations from opinions of the courts arranged in numerous chapters, each provided with a short introductory section designed to enable those unfamiliar with the technicalities of p aten t law to grasp the principles involved in the rulings which follow, and to add greatly to the interest and value of th e book to the reader. The grouping of the quotations under numerous subheadings and the provision of a table of contents by chapters, a table of cases, and a very
1st E dition, 142 pages. Compiled by Chemical Specifications, Inc., N ew York. Price, 35.00. described. Som e "detailed specifications” are, in full: "Barium stearate contains theoretically 16.3 per cen t m etallic barium ;’ oxalate are practically identical with the requirements suggested by the Com m ittee on A nalytical R eagents [ T h i s J o u r n a l ,
regarding their products are included. Thus, several well- known producers of lim e are om itted. N o firm is listed as im
splendid collateral reading for stu dents in general chemistry and in hom e econom ics. W e are indebted to men of the ability and
Titanium , zirconium, and thorium are thoroughly covered.
The chapter on the new ly discovered elem ent, hafnium, is ®
June, 1927 I N D U S T R I A L A N D E N G IN E E R IN G C H E M I S T R Y 759 its discoverer. Practically all his work has been substantiated by later workers. W inkler, however, confused the chloroform, germanium chloroform, which are on ly partially miscible. The existence of the oxychloride has never been demonstrated and is highly problematical. A discrepancy in the boiling point of monogermane is explained b y saying th at it had been in con
tact with mercury overnight and hence had decomposed. Pure monogermane has been allow ed to stan d over mercury for m onths without showing any evidence of decomposition.
Tin is given 208 pages and lead 404. T he treatm ent is very fruit”—if given in the more familiar "cups and teaspoons” system of the American household th e recipes would be more readily
venient for determining th e jellying point.
More and better illustrations would be desirable. In reading the book, American housew ives m ight be somewhat confused by some of the English term s such as "pips” for seeds, "bottle”
for fruit jar, etc. Sterilizing of canned fruits a t 190° F. instead of the usual 212° F. is recom m ended and, although commendable, is difficult to conduct in the hom e kitchen.
The book in general is well written and should prove useful to housewives, especially those who like to attem p t unusual recipes.
W . V. C r u ë s s 1914-1924, D ix Ans d’Efforts Scientifiques, Industriels et Colo
niaux, Volume II. E dited b y J e a n G e r a r d . Quarto, pages 1555-3060. Illustrated. Chimie et Industrie, Paris, 1926.
Price, 812.00 for V olum es I and II.
Volume I of this m onum ental work was reviewed in T h i s J o u r n a l , 18, 876 (1 9 2 6 ). T he present volum e begins w ith Part ' , which describes the econom ic equipm ent of France. This includes descriptions of th e developm ents in water and electric Power, post and telegraphs, highw ays and transportation, banks, industrial establishm ents, and the economic trade balance of France. P art VI describes French colonial effort and includes chapters on the products obtained from the colonies of France. Part VIT describes in great detail the in
dustrial, agricultural, and econom ic developm ent of each of the French colonies. Part V III is composed of concise descriptions of some tw o hundred and sixty-five chem ical and allied industrial establishm ents of France. T his section really constitutes an
The Standards Yearbook contains much more information than might be expected from the title. In addition to the d e
scriptions of fundamental and derived standards of measurement, it takes up lines of activity relating to standard constants, standards of quality, standards of performance, and standards of practice. T hese and the research relating thereto can be pages in each section given in parentheses: Trend of standardiza
tion (6); International standardizing agencies, governm ental (3); non-governmcntal (16); N ational standardizing agencies, outside the United States, (10); Fundam ental and working standards of the United States of America, from acidim etry to thermometry (23); Federal standardizing agencies, aside from the N ational Bureau of Standards, (96), including a list of fed
eral government research and testing laboratories (4 ); N ational Bureau of Standards (137); M unicipal (3) and state (7) agen
cies; General standardizing agencies, A. S. T . M. and others, (12); Standardizing activities of technical societies and trade associations (80), listing over tw o hundred organizations with the name and address of the secretary or other executive officer of each; T esting and certification for the consumer (5).
The book is the only general record of progress in standardiza
tion up to 1927 and is necessary to those who wish to know what has been done, is being done, and is planned w ith reference to standardization and related research. Future annual editions will carry the advances from year to year and changes in officers and work of the organizations engaged in standardization.
M uch of the material, however, can be reprinted each year forty centuries. The story of the developm ent of drugs and their application to the treatm ent of disease involves, to a large extent, the history of chem istry and medicine as well as other sciences
760 I N D U S T R I A L A N D E N G I N E E R I N G C H E M I S T R Y Vol. 19, No. 6 the developm ent of pharmacy, probably for the very good reason
th a t th is w as impossible in a volum e of such a lim ited size.
T he chronological table will be of considerable value to the stu dent of contem poraneous history. One finds, however, com paratively few references to pharm acy itself, and m any references to even ts in the history of m edicine and science generally which have a t best a decidedly rem ote bearing on the developm ent of pharmacy. For exam ple, one wonders w h at effect the passage of the first M eat Inspection A ct in Germany in 1875 or the institution of the School of M in es a t Columbia U n iversity in 1864 have to do w ith pharmacy.
T he bibliography will be of considerable valu e to a n y stu dent of pharm aceutical history or the history of allied sciences.
W hile it cannot be claim ed th a t th e author has w ritten a thorough history of pharm acy, he has presented a very readable and interesting outline which w ill occupy in the field of history of pharmacy a place comparable to th a t occupied by W ells’s
"Outline of H istory” in the field of world history. U n d ou b ted ly, this book will create a greater appreciation of th e part th a t pharmacy has played in th e developm ent of m edicine and chem istry, and it m ay act as a stim ulus to others interested in the
history of pharmacy to develop volum es which will portray in greater detail each one of the periods which I.aW all has pictured to us so entertainingly.
H ow to Apply for a Position. By Letter and Interview. By M a u r i c e H . W e s e e n . 73 pages. College Book Store, Lincoln, N eb., 1927. Price, 50 cents.
T he author of this booklet, associate professor of business English a t th e U n iversity of Nebraska, has given a very good analysis of th e problem which confronts anyone who applies for a position, w hether in person or b y correspondence. Most of th e space is devoted to suggestions on w riting letters of applica
tion. T h e average letter writer, w hether seeking a position or not, could profit by reading it, and those who are interested in th e more practical side will find m any helpful suggestions in the numerous exam ples of letters written b y men seeking employ
m ent. Perhaps the m ost useful pages are those devoted to
"Application D on ’t’s ” and “Application D o ’s.” Altogether, the book should find its proper niche in business literature.