SURVEY OF LITERATURE 1951 1952 285 n o m o s O x y r y n c h o s . T h e p r i v a t e u n d e r t a k i n g p l a y e d a greater p a r t in R o m a n t i m e s ; a t a n y r a t e one can s p e a k of a full p r i v a t e p r o p e r t y on t h e w o r k shops w h e r e t h e p r o d u c t i o n was carried on. I n t h e declining p e r i o d of t h e R o m a n E m p i r e t h e n e w economic s y s t e m h o u n d t h e c r a f t m e n t o t h e place of t h e i r w o r k , m a d e t h e profes-sions t r a n s m i s s i b l e f r o m p a r e n t s t o offspring a n d b r o u g h t a b o u t c o m p u l s o r y t r a d e - u n i o n s . P R I V A T E L A W T H E L A W G O V E R N I N G D O M E S T I C A F F A I R S N . N. P i k u s , Παιδίσκαι šerstotkackoj masterskoj Apolonija w
Mem-fise ( V e s t n i k Ď r e v n e j Istorii 1952, 1 p. 84—89).
I n this article t h e a u t h o r tries t o establish t h e m e a n i n g of t h e t e r m s παις, ποαδίσκη, παιδάριον in Z e n o n ' s p a p y r i . According t o h i m these t e r m s refer t o slaves. C o n s e q u e n t l y he asserts t h a t on Apollonios' δωρεά a p r o d u c t i o n of textiles existed in w h i c h slaves were m o s t l y e m p l o y e d .
F . S c h u l z , Roman Legislation of Births and Birth Certificates (reprinted f r o m J o u r n a l of R o m a n Studies X X X I I (1942) and X X X I I I (1943) in Bull. d e l l ' I s t . di dir. r o m . vol. X I V — X V , p. 170 — 206).
T h e f i r s t p a r t ol this article was reviewed in J o u r n a l J u r . P a p . I , p . 91; t h e second p a r t (p. 194 f f ) deals w i t h b i r t h certificates of l e g i t i m a t e children (ch. I V ) , b i r t h certificates of illegitimate chil-d r e n (ch. V), t h e legal value of t h e r e g i s t r a t i o n a n chil-d of t h e b i r t h certificates (ch. V I ) . As in t h e f i r s t p a r t t h e a u t h o r m a k e s also in t h i s one a v a s t e use of t h e p a p y r i .
E d o a r d o V o l t e r r a , L/n' osservazione in tema di tollere liberos ( F e s t s c h r i f t F r i t z Schulz 1951 p. 388 — 398); Ancora in tema di „tollere liberos'''' ( J u r a I I I (1952).
T h e a u t h o r discusses some d o c u m e n t s in w h i c h t h e expression „tollere liberos,'> a s s u m e s a legal-technical m e a n i n g . T h e privilege
„perinde liberos tollant ac si ex duobus civibus natos" o u g h t t o refer logically t o t h e sons b o r n a f t e r t h e missio of a R o m a n citizen wed b y a iustum matrimonium w i t h a peregrine w o m a n cum conubio: t h e concession is m a d e t o t h e consorts, on t h e base of a f i c t i o iuris,
