Reporting manual reguations and guide

LABORATORIUM VOOR

SCHEEPSBOUWKUNDE

T E C H N I S C H E H O G E S C H O O L D E L F T

REPORTING MANUAL REQUL/vTIONS AND GUIDE.

Summary.

The c a t a g o r i z a t i o n , numbering and d i s t r i b u t i o n o f r e p o r t s , w r i t t e n a t t h e S h i p b u i l d i n g L a b o r a t o r y a r e d i s c u s s e d .

Requirements a r e a l s o e s t a b l i s h e d by t h e L a b o r a t o r y f o r t h e s t a n d a r d i z a t i o n o f r e p o r t s .

Documentation R u l e s .

2 . 1 . C a t e g o r i e s o f R e p o r t s . 2 . 2 . numbering o f R e p o r t s . 2 . 3 . Amount and D i s t r i b u t i o n .

2.k. B i n d i n g R u l e s .

2 . 5 . Rules f o r Typework and F i g u r e s . G e n e r a l R e g u l a t i o n s .

3 . 1 . Choice o f Language. 3 . 2 . Check and C o r r e c t i o n .

3 . 3 . R e s p o n s i b i l i t y and S u p e r v i s i o n . C«v«r and S t a n d a r d C o n t e n t s .

4 . 1 . Cover and T i t l e Page. 4 . 2 . S u M a r y o r A b s t r a c t . 4 . 3 . L i s t s . 4 . 4 . I n t r o d u c t i o n or Purpose o f S t u d y . 4 . 5 . C o n c l u s i o n . 4 . 6 . F i g u r e s . 4 . 7 . Symbols. 4 . 8 . R e f e r e n c e s . G u i d e l i n e s . 5 . 1 . G e n e r a l . 5 . 2 . Scheme. 5 . 3 . The E n g l i s h Language. 5 . 4 . F i g u r e s . 5 < . 5 . M a t h e m a t i c a l Symbols. P»«tscript. R e f e r e n c e s .

3

-L l a t o f Appendices.

Io I n t e r n a l D i s t r i b u t i o n L i s t s . 2 . E x t e r n a l D i s t r i b u t i o n L i s t . 3 . I n t e r n a l Storage Rules.

4 . Dutch Standard C o r r e c t i o n Symbols. 5 . Requirements f o r Cover and T i t l e Page.

6 . Report P l a n n i n g Manual (Scheme) ( a l s o example o f " f o l d o u t " page f o r u n a v o i d a b l y l a r g e f i g u r e s ) .

7 . Recommended Symbols f o r Diagrams.

8 . Recommended Symbols C l a s s i f i e d by S u b j e c t . 9 . S t a i i t e r d i z a t i o n o f Reference Form.

1 0 . RINA - Notes f o r t h e Guidance o f A u t h o r s . 1 1 . BSRA - Standard Nomenclature and Symbols.

1. I n t r o d u c t i o n .

S c i e n t i f i c r e p o r t s i s s u e d by a l a b o r a t o r y can be c o n s i d e r e d l i k e a v i s i -t i n g c a r d ; -t h e l a b o r a -t o r y i s o f -t e n judged by -t h e c o n -t e n -t s and appearance óf i t s r e p o r t s . The judgement can n o t always be i n f l u e n c e d by p e r s o n a l c o n t a c t . For t h i s reason r e p o r t s i s s u e d by t h e S h i p b u i l d i n g L a b o r a t o r y have t o s a t i s -f y c e r t a i n c o n d i t i o n s .

The n a t u r e o f s c i e n t i f i c r e s e a r c h demands a c o n s i d e r a b l e amount o f f r e e -dom as f a r as t h e c o n t e n t s o f a r e p o r t a r e concerned. S t i l l a c e r t a i n homo-g e n e i t y i s r e q u i r e d as r e homo-g a r d s t h e homo-g r o u p i n homo-g o f t h e c o n t e n t s and t h e c h o i c e o f symbols, n o t o n l y i n r e p o r t s from t h e same l a b o r a t o r y b u t a l s o from o t h e r s , r e p o r t i n g i n t h e same f i e l d .

I n view o f t h i s homogeneity guide l i n e s a r e g i v e n w h i c h s h o u l d j o i n those g i v e n by t h e "Commission f o r Language" o f t h e T e c h n o l o g i c a l U n i v e r s i t y ( R e f d ) and those s e r v i n g t h e Hydrodynamics L a b o r a t o r y o f t h e C a l i f o r n i a I n s t i t u t e o f Technology ( R e f . 2 ) . A l s o r e f e r e n c e s h o u l d be made t o t h e r u l e s , e s t a b l i s h e d by t h e Royal I n s t i t u t i o n o f Naval A r c h i t e c t s (Ref. 4 and 3, Appendix 1 0 , 1 1 ) .

W h i l e d e r i v i n g t h e g u i d e l i n e s , a t t e n t i o n was p a i d t o t h e d i f f i c u l t i e s w h i c h Dutchmen may e n c o u n t e r when w r i t i n g r e p o r t s i n t h e E n g l i s h Language.

The i m p o r t a n c e o f r e p o r t i n g i n g e n e r a l i s s t r e s s e d h e r e , as no r e s e a r c h r e a l l y has been a c c o m p l i s h e d u n t i l a r e p o r t i s w r i t t e n .

-C a t e g o r i e a o f R e p o r t s . 2 . 1 . 1 . L a b o r a t o r y R e p o r t s f u l f i l o b l i g a t i o n s w h i c h aay be o f a p e r s o n a l or a c o n t r a c t u a l n a t u r e . A l s o L a b o r a t o r y R e p o r t s a r e p r e p a r e d f o r p u b l i c a t i o n by o t h e r s ( e . g . T.N.O./SN). 2 . 1 . 2 . P u b l i c a t i o n s a r e t h o s e r e p o r t s w h i c h a r e s u b m i t t e d t o papers o r p«riodicals f o r p u b l i c a t i o n s . 2 . 1 . 3 * a r e r e p o r t s w h i c h a r e n o t meant t o l e a v e t h e L a b o r a t o r y and v e r y p r e l i m i n a r y r e p o r t s . I n g e n e r a l I n t e r n a l Memo-r a n d a s e Memo-r v e t o save woMemo-rk t h a t would o t h e Memo-r w i s e be l o s t and t o make p o s s i b l e q u i c k work when i t i s r e q u i r e d .

A l l r e p o r t s i n c l u d i n g p u b l i c a t i o n s and i n t e r n a l memoranda a r e cons e c u t i v e l y numbered. P u b l i c a t i o n cons a r e g i v e n an a d d i t i o n a l p u b l i c a -t i o n number, whereas i n -t e r n a l memoranda a r e d i s -t i n g u i s h e d by a l e -t t e r -M w r i t t e n b e h i n d t h e r e p o r t number.

For i n s t a n c e : R e p o r t No. 1 2 7

2 , 3 . Amount and D i s t r i b u t i o n .

The number o f r e p o r t s t o be p r e p a r e d depends on t h e f o l l o w i n g d i s -t r i b u -t i o n r e q u i r e m e n -t s : 2 . 3 . 1 . Expanded C o p y ; c o n t a i n i n g a l l i n f o r m a t i o n w h i c h i s deemed w o r t h s a v i n g : o r i g i n a l d a t a , work d i a g r a m s , n o t e s , p e r t i n e n t c o r r e s p o n -dence, s k e t c h e s and d r a w i n g s . 2 . 3 . 2 . R e p r o d u c t i o n Copy: f o r r e p r o d u c t i o n purposes o n l y ( o r i g i n a l t y p e -work: t r a n s p a r a n t o r s t e n c i l ) . 2 . 3 . 3 . L a b o r a t o r y F i l e Copy: i s c o n f i d e n t i a l . 2 , 2 , Numbering o f R e p o r t s .

Report No. 1 2 8 , P u b l i c a t i o n No. 3 5 . R e p o r t No. 1 2 9- M .

A master l i s t o f numbers i s k e p t a t t h e s e c r e t a r y ' s o f f i c e .

2 . 3 , 4 , Working copy f o r use i n t h e l a b o r a t o r y d e p a r t m e n t .

5

-2 . 3 « 5 « Three c o p i e s f o r d i s t r i b u t i o n t o t h e c o n t r a c t o r e , o r two c o p i e s f o r t h e L a b o r a t o r y l i b r a r y and one f o r t h e p r o j e c t ad«inistration i f i t i s n o t a c o n t r a c t u a l r e p o r t ,

2 , 3 , 6 0 Copies f o r extended i n t e r n a l d i s t r i b u t i o n (Appendix 1 ) , i n c l u d i n g L a b o r a t o r y l i b r a r y copy,

2 o 3 o 7 o Copies f o r e x t e r n a l d i s t r i b u t i o n (Appendix 2 ) , (Never I n t e r n a l Memoranda),

Note 1 , For i n t e r n a l s t o r a g e r u l e s r e f e r t o Appendix 3 »

2,0 I f o r i g i n a l diagrams a r e t o o l a r g e t o be i n c l u d e d i n t h e "Expanded Copy", t h e y s h o u l d be k e p t i n s e p a r a t e s t o r a g e , t o w h i c h r e f e r e n c e must be made.

B i n d i n g R u l e s .

The "Expanded" and " R e p r o d u c t i o n " c o p i e s must be bound w i t h 2 "Ker-pha" b i n d e r s o r a comparable k h o l e systemo

The o t h e r c o p i e s must be s t a p l e d ( 4 x ) i f t h e number o f pages i s s m a l l , o r g l u e d i f o t h e r w i s e .

Rules f o r Typework and F i g u r e s ,

The margins i n t h e f i n i s h e d r e ^ j r t s must a l l o w adequate apace f o r the b i n d i n g and c u t t i n g . M i n i M B d i m e n s i o n s a r e :

3 0 mm f o r t h e b i n d i n g 1 5 ma f o r t h e s i d e s .

G e n e r a l R e g u l a t i o n s . Choice o f Language.

L a b o r a t o r y R e p o r t s and P u b l i c a t i o n s must be w r i t t e n i n t h e Dutch o r E n g l i s h language u n l e s s :

3 . 1 . 1 , The c o n t r a c t o r d e s i r e s o t h e r w i s e .

3 . 1 . 2 . The r e p o r t i s meant f o r p u b l i c a t i o n i n a paper o r p e r i o d i c a l w h i c h i s i s s u e d i n a d i f f e r e n t l a n g u a g e .

I n t e r n a l Menoranda must be w r i t t e n i n e i t h e r t h e D u t c h , E n g l i s h , French, o r German l a n g u a g e .

3 . 2 , Check and C o r r e c t i o n ,

A l l r e p o r t s e x c e p t " I n t e r n a l Memoranda" must be checked f o r :

2A.

2 , 5 »

3 o

3 . 1 c

-content» c l a r i t y

s t y l e and language f i n i s h .

At l e a s t one c o l l e a g u e must check the m a n u s c r i p t ; p r e f e r a b l y a l l f o u r aspects s h o u l d be checked s e p a r a t e l y . As r e g a r d s s t y l e and language i t i s a d v i s a b l e t o r e q u e s t the a s s i s t a n c e o f p o s s i b l y a v a i l a b l e E n g l i s h s p e a k i n g c o l l a b o r a t o r s .

For ease o f c o r r e c t i o n m a n u s c r i p t jjages must be w r i t t e n on one s i d e o n l y , wide margins (6 cm) and r e a s o n a b l e space (7 mm) between the l i n e s are r e q u i r e d .

I f he proposes c o r r e c t i o n s , t h e c h e c k i n g c o l l e a g u e must use the c o r r e c t i o n s i g n s a c c o r d i n g t o Dutch s t a n d a r d r u l e s (see Appendix 4 ) i f p o s s i b l e . Ilowever, i t i s n o t a l l o w e d t o damage the o r i g i n a l t e x t . Scratches s h o u l d be underneath and never t h r o u g h the words, except when s o f t p e n c i l i s used over i n k .

3 . 3 * R e s p o n s i b i l i t y and S u p e r v i s i o n .

3 . 3 . 1 . Reports on f r e e r e s e a r c h must bear the a u t h o r ' s name on t h e t i t l e page and on the c o v e r . T h i s i n d i c a t e s the a u t h o r ' s r e s p o n s i b i l i t y r e g a r d i n g the c o n t e n t s . T h i s a p p l i e s f o r a l l r e s e a r c h i n c l u d i n g t h a t sponsored by o u t s i d e o r g a n i s a t i o n s .

3 . 3 . 2 . C o n t r a c t e d work which g e n e r a l l y has a more o r l e s s c o n f i d e n t i a l n a t u r e i a conducted under t h e r e s p o n s i b i l i t y o f the L a b o r a t o r y . On the t i t l e page o f t h e p e r t a i n i n g r e p o r t s t h e name o f t h e head of the L a b o r a t o r y must be shown t o i n d i c a t e h i s a p p r o v a l . The names of the a u t h o r and o f the c o n d u c t o r s o f the e x p e r i m e n t s may be mentioned i n t h e t e x t .

The L a b o r a t o r y f i l e number ("Opdrachten") must show on the cover and on the t i t l e page.

3 . 3 « 3 o The head o f t h e L a b o r a t o r y s u p e r v i s e s a l l t h u work i s s u e d by t h e L a b o r a t o r y and i s u l t i m a t e l y r e s p o n s i b l e f o r i t . He has t h e r i g h t t o s t o p the i s s u e o f r e p o r t s . I n such cases and when the r e p o r t s a r e n o t r e w r i t t e n , t h e y s h o u l d be handled as I n t e r n a l Memoranda t o p r e v e n t t o t a l l o s s o f work»

-_ 7 "

4 . Cover and Standard C o n t e n t s .

4 . 1 . Cover and T i t l e - P a g e .

The cover and t h e t i t l e - p a g e are s t a n d a r d i z e d and must be o f t h a same d e s i g n f o r a l l c a t e g o r i e s o f r e p o r t s . The f o l l o w i n g d i f f e -rences a r e a l l o w e d , however:

4 . 1 . 1 . On c o n t r a c t u a l r e p o r t s , t h e a u t h o r s name i s d e l e t e d and i n s t e a d , t h e name o f t h e head o f the department i s shown ( 3 . 3 . 2 . ) .

4 . 1 . 2 . I n t e r n a l Memoranda and o t h e r r e p o r t s o f which o n l y a s m a l l number o f c o p i e s i s i s s u e d , may use a s t i c k e r on an o t h e r w i s e s t a n d a r d cover t o f a c i l i t a t e the work. A l l o f the v a r i a b l e i n f o r m a t i o n aay be c o n c e n t r a t e d on t h i s s t i c k e r .

4 . 1 . 3 . S m a l l e d i t i o n s may be bound by f i l e b i n d e r s t o a l l o w a d d i t i o n s ( o r i -g i n a l copy f o r i n s t a n c e ) and t o f a c i l a t e t h e bindin-g»

Requirements f o r cover and t i t l e - p a g e are shown i n Appendix 5 » The t i t l e p a g e i s n o t used i n p u b l i c a t i o n s ; i n these cases t h e t i t l e , f o l l o w e d by the name o f t h e a u t h o r , "the number o f t h e p u b l i c a -t i o n and -the names o f -t h e L a b o r a -t o r y and o f- t h e U n i v e r s i t y : a r e p r i n t e d i n the head o f t h e f i r s t page. Notes a l o n g t h e b o t t o m o f t h e f i r s t page i n d i c a t e t h e s p o n s o r i n g o r g a n i z a t i o n s ( i f any)»

4 „ 2 . Summary or A b s t r a c t .

A summary i s r e q u i r e d f o l l o w i n g the t i t l e - p a g e o r t h e head i n t h e case o f a p u b l i c a t i o n . I t must be s h o r t and t o t h e p o i n t ,

4 . 3 . L i s t s .

The f o l l o w i n g l i s t s are r e q u i r e d ( n o t i n p u b l i c a t i o n s ) . 4 . 3 . 1 . Table o f c o n t e n t s .

4 . 3 . 2 o L i s t o f f i g u r e s ( i f f i g u r e s a r e u s e d ) .

4 . 3 . 3 . L i s t o f t a b l e s ( i f a c o n s i d e r a b l e amount o f t a b l e s i s u s e d ) . 4 . 3 . 4 . L i s t o f appendices ( i f these are u s e d ) .

4 . 3 . 5 0 L i s t o f symbols ( i f used on s e v e r a l p a g e s ) . 4 . 3 . 6 0 L i s t o f r e f e r e n c e s .

-Tables and f i g u r e s which may be combined i n an a p p e n d i x , need n o t be l i s t e d s e p a r a t e l y a t t h i s p l a c e . Tha s o l e o b j e c t o f t h e r e q u i r e m e n t i s t o make p o s s i b l e q u i c k r e f e r e n c e by t h e r e a d e r . The l i s t s nuBiber 4 . 3 . 1 . t h r o u g h 4 . 3 . 5 . s h o u l d be put i n f r o n t o f the t e x t , number 4 , 3 . 6 . a f t e r ,

4 . 4 . I n t r o d u c t i o n or Purpose o f Study.

The i n t r o d u c t i o n i f i n c l u d e d i n the r e q u i r e m e n t s f o r r e p o r t s be-cause i t i s a v e r y s u i t a b l e paragraph f o r a d e s c r i p t i o n o f the purpose o f t h e s t u d y , which s h o u l d never be o m i t t e d ,

4 . 5 . C o n c l u s i o n ,

The r e p o r t must be f i n i s h e d w i t h a summary o f what has been obt a i n e d ; i obt s h o u l d answer obt h e q u e s obt i o n : "Has obt h e purpose o f obt h e s obt u -dy been a c h i e v e d ?

4 . 6 . F i g u r e s ,

4 . 6 . 1 , F i g u r e s must be r e a d a b l e w i t h o u t r e f e r e n c e t o t h e t e x t .

4 . 6 . 2 , A l l n o t e s must be r e a d a b l e from t h e bottom or from t h e r i g h t hané s i d e o f t h e page.

4 . 6 . 3 , Curves drawn t h r o u g h e x p e r i m e n t a l p o i n t s i n a diagram must r e f l e c t the n a t u r e o f t h e expected f u n c t i o n ( a o s t l y c o n t i n u o u s ) ; c o n n e c t i o n o f e x p e r i m e n t a l p o i n t s by s t r a i g h t l i n e s i s n o t a c c e p t e d ,

4 . 7 . Symbols.

I f m a t h e m a t i c a l symbols are used i n v a r i o u s p a r t s o f a r e p o r t , f o r i n s t a n c e i n t h e t e x t and i n diagrams or on v a r i o u s pages, a sepa-r a t e l i s t o f symbols i s sepa-r e q u i sepa-r e d .

4 . 8 . R e f e r e n c e s ,

I f r e f e r e n c e i s b e i n g made t o any o t h e r work, a p e r t i n e n t l i s t must be i n c l u d e d b e h i n d t h e t e x t . The r e f e r e n c e form i s s t a n d a r d i z e d ac-c o r d i n g t o Appendix 9 .

9 -5 . Guide l i n e s . 5 . 1 . G e n e r a l . For g e n e r a l i n f o r m a t i o n about t h e v a r i o u s a s p e c t s o f r e p o r t w r i t -i n g r e f e r e n c e t o a v a -i l a b l e manuals and l -i t e r a t u r e -i s a d v -i s e d . A few r e f e r e n c e s a r e l i s t e d i n t h i s r e p o r t . ( R e f . 1 , 2 , 3 ) . For q u i c k r e f e r e n c e some g u i d e l i n e s a r e g i v e n i n t h e f o l l o w i n g p a r a g r a p h s . The p r e p a r a t i o n o f an o u t l i n e or scheme i s s t r o n g l y a d v i s e d ; i t •ay p r e v e n t needless r e p e t i t i o n s and e x p a t i a t i o n s , To a i d t h i s p r e -p a r a t i o n , a g e n e r a l scheme i s g i v e n i n A-p-pendix 6 ,

5 . 3 . The E n g l i s h Language.

When t h e E n g l i s h language i s used care s h o u l d be t a k e n t h a t t h e s p e l l i n g i s c o n s i s t e n t . I f r u l e s a r e used which a r e g e n e r a l l y a-dopted i n t h e U n i t e d S t a t e s ( b e h a v i o r , g a g e ) , these s h o u l d be used t h r o u g h o u t . Dutch a u t h o r s a r e a d v i s e d t o s t i c k t o t h e E n g l i s h s p e l l i n g ( b e h a v i o u r , g a u g e ) . T h i s does n o t p e r t a i n t o t h e c h o i c e o f words, as American words a r e u s u a l l y r e c o g n i z e d t o be c o r r e c t i n England and appear i n t h e d i c t i o n a r i e s .

The f o l l o w i n g c o n v e n t i o n s a r e adopted by an American L a b o r a t o r y .

5 . 3 . 1 . Use c a p i t a l s f o r a l l major words i n t i t l e s .

5 . 5 . 2 o Use c a p i t a l s f o r a l l names and words which serve as names. (Model No. 1 0 , F i g , No. 1 2 , Ref. 8 , t h e L a b o r a t o r y , J u l y e t c . ) . 5 . 3 . 3 . Words l i k e f i g u r e and r e f e r e n c e s h o u l d always be w r i t t e n i n f u l l

when used i n t h e t e x t , u n l e s s t h e y a r e w r i t t e n i n b r a c k e t s .

5 . 3 . 4 . I n c h , f o o t , pound e t c . , a r e always w r i t t e n i n f u l l i n t h e t e x t . C o n v e n t i o n a l a b b r e v i a t i o n s may be used: p s i , p s f . ( N o t : l b s / i n ) , U s u a l l y c o m b i n a t i o n s o f words a r e w r i t t e n s e p a r a t e l y , c o n t r a r y t o Dutch p r a c t i c e ; a dash may be used b u t i s o f t e n o m i t t e d ( t w o di««i-5 . 2 , Scheme.

(Ref. 2 ) ,

(Fig, 1 2 ) , (Ref. 8 ) .

s i o n a l , t w o - d i m e n s i o n a l ) .

-5 . 4 . F i g u r e s .

Next t o t h e r e q u i r e m e n t s f o r f i g u r e s ( 4 . 6 ) , i n s h o r t t h e f o l l o w i n g a d v i c e i s g i v e n :

5 . 4 . 1 . A v o i d use o f " f o l d o u t " pages. I f t h e y have t o be used, care has to be t a k e n t h a t no f o l d s can be damaged when t h e edges a r e c u t . F o l d as shown i n Appendix 6 , k e e p the f o l d e d s i z e s t a n d a r d and p u t t h e f o l d s some 2 cm i n w a r d

-5 . 4 . 2 . = The s c a l e s on a diagram s h o u l d be as l a r g e as p o s s i b l e , use no " b a s t a r d " s c a l e , however, 1 , 2 o r 5 u n i t s per cm a r e recommended. 5 . 4 . 5 . Be c o n s i s t e n t t h r o u g h o u t t h e w o r k f use t h e same symbols f o r t h a

same p a r a m e t e r s , use comparable t i t l e s f o r comparable d i a g r a m s , use e q u a l s c a l e s f o r e q u a l v a r i a b l e s ( i f p o s s i b l e ) ,

5 . 4 . 4 „ Make t h e t i t l e s s h o r t and t o t h e p o i n t . I f more i n f o r m a t i o n i s needed, p u t i t down i n a s e p a r a t e space. Never use: " o r d i n a t e v e r -sus a b s c i s " as a t i t l e .

5 . 4 . 5 . C l a r i f y t h e diagrauns w i t h s k e t c h e s .

5 . 4 . 6 0 I f a "suppressed z e r o " can n o t be a v o i d e d , i t s h o u l d be i n d i c a t e d by a b r e a k i n t h e p e r t i n e n t a x i s as shown:

A s y s t e m a t i c d i a g r a m o f recommended symbols i s shown i n A p p e n d i x ? . 5 . 5 o M a t h e m a t i c a l Symbols.

M a t h e m a t i c a l symbols s h o u l d be c o n s i s t e n t t h r o u g h o u t a r e p o r t and, i f p o s s i b l e , a l s o t h r o u g h o u t t h e whole f i e l d o f r e s e a r c h . Use gene-r a l l y adopted symbols o f v a gene-r i a b l e s and p a gene-r a m e t e gene-r s , b u t be c a gene-r e f u l t o change t h e symbol i f t h e r e i s a d i f f e r e n c e i n d e f i n i t i o n .

For recommendation r e f e r t o Appendix 8 .

6 o P o s t s c r i p t ,

I t i s u n d e r s t o o d t h a t an a u t h o r i s f r e e t o use t h e g u i d e l i n e s ( 1 . 5 . 1 . - 5 . 5 . ) o r t o r e j e c t them; f o r a d e p a r t u r e f r o m t h e r u l e s 3 . 1 . 4 , 8 . s p e c i a l consent from t h e head o f t h e L a b o r a t o r y i s r e -q u i r e d .

T h i s manual does n o t p r e t e n d t o be i n f a l l i b l e ; i f changes or a d d i t i o n s a r e needed, t h e y w i l l be s u b m i t t e d a c c o r d i n g t o t h e d i s t r i b u -t i o n l i s -t a -t -t h e end o f -t h i s r e p o r -t .

1 1

-AeknowledKeaeat•

On b e h a l f o f t h e L a b o r a t o r y , thanks i s g i v e n t o W.E. Smith (D.T.M.B«) f o r h i s v a l u a b l e a d v i e e and f o r h i s p a r t i n c h e c k i n g t h e m a n u s c r i p t o f t h i s manual. D e l f t , May I 9 6 5 . I r M.C. M e i j e r . ( A u t h o r ) . 7 o R e f e r e n c e s . 1 . "Technische Rapporten en V o o r d r a c h t e n " .

H a n d l e i d i n g voor s c h r i j v e n en spreken over t e c h n i s c h e onderwerpen. Technische Hogeschool D e l f t ( n o t p u b l i s h e d ) .

2. "Hydrodynamics L a b o r a t o r y T e c h n i c a l Report P r e p a r a t i o n Procedure". C a l i f o r n i a I n s t i t u t e o f Technology I 9 6 2 ( n o t p u b l i s h e d ) .

3 . de Boer, Dr i r H. e.a.: " S c h r i f t e l i j k r a p p o r t e r e n " .

I s s u e d by: U i t g e v e r i j Het Spectrum N.V.- U t r e c h t - Antwerpen I 9 6 2 . ( A u l a boeken).

k. "Notes f o r t h e Guidance o f A u t h o r s " ,

R.I.N.A. r e v i s e d I96O.

5 . "Standard Nomenclature and Symbols", f o r h u l l and p r o p e l l e r , r e s i s -tance and p r o p u l s i o n , s t r e n g t h and v i b r a t i o n .

B.S.R.A. Rep. 6 , R.B. 2 1 9 , 1 9 ^ 9 .

-Appendix 1 . I n t e r n a l D i s t r i b u t i o n L i s t s 1 . Basic I n t e r n a l D i s t r i b u t i o n L i s t . 1o1. F i l e , s e c r e t a r y ' s o f f i c e ( 2 . 3 . 1 . ) . 1 . 2 . " " " ( 2 . 3 . 2 . ) . 1 . 3 - F i l e head o f f i c e . 1.4. P r o j e c t e n g i n e e r ( a u t h o r ) . 1 . 5 . • 1 . 6 . V c '^'7') 1 . 7 . P r o j e c t a d n i n i s t r a t i o n . 1 . 5 . ) > L a b o r a t o r y l i b r a r y j n t r a c t o r s ( 2 . 3 . 5 . ) o r 1 . 6 . ) 2 . Extended I n t e r n a l D i s t r i b u t i o n L i s t ( 2 . 3 . 6 . ) . S h i p b u i l d i n g L a b o r a t o r y . 2 . 1 . P r o f . i r J . G e r r i t s a a . 2 . 2 . I r M.C. M e i j e r .

2 . 3 . I r J.J. van den Bosch. 2 . 4 . I r J.H. Vugts. 2 . 5 . Q. van Leeuwen. 2 . 6 . A s s i s t e n t t o p r o j e c t e n g i n e e r . 2 o 7 < . L a b o r a t o r y l i b r a r y . S h i p b u i l d i n g Department, 2 . 7 . L i b r a r y . 2 . 8 . P r o f . i r H,E. J a e g e r , 2 . 9 . P r o f . i r J.H. K r i e t e m e i j e r . 2 . 1 0 . P r o f . d r i r J.D. van Manen. 2 . 1 1 . P r o f . i r IV. V i n k e . 2 . 1 2 . I r J.J.W. N i b b e r i n g . 2 . 1 3 . I r Rd.Ms, F.X.P. S o e j a d i . 2 . 1 4 . I r P,A. van K a t w i j k , 2 . 1 5 . I r H. Spuyman, 2 . 1 6 . I r Th. L a h r .

Appendix 2 .

-Appendix 3° I n t e r n a l Storage Ruleso Copy- C o n t r a c t u a l r e p o r t a a l l o t h e r r e p o r t s Expanded copy ( 2 . 3 . 1 . ) "Opdrachten" f i l e s e c r e t a r y ' s o f f i c e on c o n t r a c t number P r o j e c t e n g i n e e r s f i l e R e p r o d u c t i o n copy ( c a i q u e s ) ( 2 . 3 . 2 . ) " O r i g i n e l e n " f i l e s e c r e t a r y ' s o f f i c e on r e p o r t nuaber l a b o r a t o r y F i l e copy ( 2 . 3 . 3 . ) " R e p o r t s " f i l e ( c o n f i d e n t i e e l ) head o f f i c e ( P r o f . G e r r i t s a a ) on r e p o r t number Working copy ( 2 . 3. 4 . ) P r o j e c t e n g i n e e r s f i l e 3 c o p i e s t o c o n t r a c t o r s 3x L a b o r a t o r y l a b r a r y 2x (on a u t h o r s naae) P r o j e c t a d m i n i s t r a t i o n (on p r o j e c t number ) I r M e i j e r O r i g i n a l ••• 6 c o p i e s i s n i n i m u a aaount 15

1 5

-Appendix 4 . Dutch S t a n d a r d C o r r e c t i o n Symbols,

D e f i n i t i o n i n Dutch Symbol E n g l i s h t r a n s l a t i o n L e t t e r ( s ) wegnemen

Twee woorden van maken o f meer s p a t i e t u s s e n brengen

Êén woord van maken

K o p p e l t e k e n t u s s e n woorden z e t t e n Minder w i t ( s p a t i e ) L e t t e r omdraaien L e t t e r b e s c h a d i g d Gerezen w i t ( z w a r t b l o k j e ) weg-nemen Vet z e t t e n C u r s i e f z e t t e n S p a t i e r e n K a p i t a a l z e t t e n K l e i n - k a p i t a a l z e t t e n Onderkast z e t t e n N i e t c u r s i e f maar r o m e i n z e t t e n M i e t v e t z e t t e n Nieuwe r e g e l Geen nieuwe r e g e l I n de l i j n brengen Woord(en) t u s s e n z e t t e n Omhoog brengen L e t t e r s o f woorden o m z e t t e n I n s p r i n g e n N i e t i n s p r i n g e n W i t t u s s e n de r e g e l s brengen ( v e r m e l d e n h o e v e e l ) W i t t u s s e n de r e g e l u i t h a l e n ( v e r m e l d e n h o e v e e l ) C o r r e c t i e v e r v a l t V e r w i j z i n g s t e k e n s Remove l e t t e r ( s )

Make two words o r more space

9

0

•1

///

Combine words I n c l u d e c o n n e c t i n g s i g n Less space T u r n l e t t e r L e t t e r damaged Remove r i s e n w h i t e ( b l a c k • a r k ) Fat t y p e C u r s i v e t y p e S p a c i n g C a p i t a l t y p e S m a l l c a p i t a l t y p e Undercast t y p e Not c u r s i v e (roman) Not f a t New l i n e No new l i n e Place i n l i n e Put w o r d ( s ) between Move upward Exchange l e t t e r s o r words Widen m a r g i n R e s t o r e m a r g i n

Put space between l i n e s ( i n d i c a t e amount)

Reduce space between l i n e s ( i n d i c a t e amount)

C o r r e c t i o n c a n c e l e d Reference symbols

-R«quire»ent8 f o r Standard Cover and T i t l e - P a g e .

A . 5 . 1 . S t a n d a r d , p r e p r i n t e d cover and t i t l e - p a g e f o r r e p o r t s i s s u e d i n s a a l l numbers.

A . 5 - 2 . Example o f f u l l y p r i n t e d c o v e r .

RESISTANCE AND PROPULSION (conld.)

D c s c r i p l i o n

Wake fraction, (Froude) (Taylor) Wake speed

Wave height

D e s c r i p l i o n A b b r e v i a t i o n S y m b o l

Wave length Iw

Weight, per unit volume w

Wetted surface S

CIRCULAR CONSTANT' NOTATION (R. E. Froude and Baker).

Description

Length-Displacement Constant

The ratio of the length of the ship L to the length of the side of a cube having the same volume of displacement \yas the ship.

(M) = ^ ^ , in any consisten limits = 0 . 3 0 5 7 - ^ ^

where L is in feet and A in tons (salt water). Speed-Displacement Constant

The ratio of the speed of the ship to the speed of a wave having a length equal to half the length of the side oi a cube having the same volume of displacement Vas the ship.

/—\ V

m any consistent units

V A*" ' A in tons (salt water).

0.5834 where V is in knots and

Resistance Constant

One thousand times the ratio of the resis-tance R to the weight of displacement A, divided by the square of the speed-displacement constant (g)

1000 R

^ A(g)

2938 R

^ , in any consistent units HHP

427.1

A^ V' A'* V»

in tons (salt water) and V is in knots.

where R and A are

Symbol

CK)

Description

Speed-Length Constant

The ratio of the speed of the ship to the speed of a wave of length equal to half the length L of the ship.

4n

, in any consistent units

in feet.

1.055 —= , where V is in knots and L

VL

Speed-Prisraadc-Length Constant

The ratio of the speed of the ship to the speed of a wave of length Cp x L, where Cp is the prismatic coefficient of the ship and L is the ship's length.

®

_gCpL in any consistent units

2;t 0.746

L in feet.

V C p L

where V is in knots and

Wetted-Surface Constant

The ratio of the ship's wetted surface S to the area of one face of a cube having the same volume of displacement Vas the ship.

_S_

V

(S) = , in any consistent units S

0.0935

AS where S is in square feet and A in tons (salt water).

Description A b b r e v i a t i o n Symbol Angle, variable 0 Area A Bending moment Mb Breadth in general b Bulk Modulus K Curvature, radius of Rc Deflection 6

Density (mass per unit volume) P

Density (weight per unit volume) ... w

Dens'ty, relative

Depth in general h

Elongation e

Elongation per unit length ( = strain) c

Factor of safety FS Force • F Frequency ƒ Friction coefficient Gyration, radius of k „ „ „ about axis xx ... Inertia, moment of, about axis xx

moment of, about neutral axis

„ polar moment of J

Length along arc s

Load, concentrated W

„ per imit length w

Mass m

Mass, specific P

Modulus of elasticity, bulk K

8

Description Abbreviation S y m b o l

Modulus of elasticity, shear (or modulus of rigidity)

C

Modulus of elasticity, Young's E

Moment, bending Mf, „ twisting M/ Period T Poisson's Ratio a Pressure P Radius of curvature Rc Radius, variable r

Rigidy, modulus of (or shear modulus of elasticity) C Safety, factor of FS Shearing force SF Shear, imital _y Specific mass ... p Specific weight IV Strain c Strain energy SE u Stress, normal ... ƒ ,, shear 1 Sum ,. S Temperature, absolute „ variable /°

Thermal expansion, coefficient of ... «/

Thickness /

Time /

Twisting moment M/

Velocity, angular u>

Weight, specific w

2 6 3

-APPENDIX V I I I

Recommended Symbols c l a s s i f i e d by subject

Subject t o the minor a l t e r a t i o n s and a d d i t i o n s r e f e r r e d t o i n the body o f the r e p o r t the f o l l o w i n g tables give the symbols approved a t the N i n t h Conference i n P a r i s i n 19éO w i t h the a d d i t i o n of the e s s e n t i a l

symbols f o r seakeeping and manoeuvring agreed w i t h the Committees f o r these subjects. The fsymbols have been c l a s s i f i e d under s i x subject headings and are arranged a l p h a b e t i c a l l y w i t h i n a given c l a s s i f i o a t i o n .

( i ) General

( i i j Geometry of Ship ( i i i ) Geometry o f P r o p e l l e r

( i v ^ Resistance and Propulsion ( v ) Seakeeping

( v i ) Manoeuverability The f o l l o w i n g notes are r e l e v a n t :

-( a ) No r u l e s are l a i d down as t o whether s u b s c r i p t s are t o be shown by c a p i t a l o r lower case l e t t e r s , although the l e t t e r s shown i n t h e l i s t s are i n the p r e f e r r e d s t y l e , * )

( b ) I n a number of instances a l t e r n a t i v e symbols are given and the

second choice i s sometimes given i n parenthesis. I n such cases t h e Eiymbol not i n parenthesis i s p r e f e r r e d ,

( c ) When r e q u i r e d the s u f f i x e s M and S should be introduced t o d i s t i n g u i s h between q u a n t i t i e s r e f e r r i n g t o model and ship r e s p e c t i v e l y ,

( d ) No d i s t i n c t i o n i s made between l e t t e r ^ b o l s p r i n t e d o r typed i n e i t h e r Roman o r I t a l i c ,

( e ) Greek l e t t e r s and s p e c i a l signs are s p e l t out where they f i r s t occur i n the l i s t . Wherever the l e t t e r ' p h i ' appears, the three forms /, 0 and q) are acceptable a l t e r n a t i v e s ,

( f ) The symbols r e p r e s e n t i n g p i ^ y s i c a l q u a l i t i e s may be expressed i n ai^y u n i t s . Q u a n t i t i e s involved i n non-dimensional c o e f f i c i e n t s must be expressed i n consistent u n i t s ,

( g ) Where f o r one reason o r another departures from the standard s(yinbols are d e s i r a b l e , these departures should be c l e a r l y i n d i c a t e d and s t a t e d .

*) I n g e n e r a l l o w e r case s u b s c r i p t s a r e p r e f e r r e d i n t h e S h i p b u i l d i n Labora-'bory except v/here t h e s u b s c r i p t !-^"--,rs u ; u a n t i t y w h i c h

SÏMBOIS CLASSIFIED BY SUBJECT

(Symbols arranged a l p h a b e t i c a l l y w i t h i n a given c l a s s i f i c a t i o n ) ( i ) GENERAL T i t l e Symbol a A B F S h h H L L j j , X (lambda) m a P P. p Q Linear a c c e l e r a t i o n Area i n general Breadth i n general Diameter i n general Energy i n general Force i n general Acceleration due t o g r a v i t y Depth i n general Head, pressure, i n general Height of a wave T o t a l head, B e r n o u l l i Length i n general Wave length Mass Rate o f r e v o l u t i o n Pressure i n t e n s i t y Vapour pressure o f water Ambient pressure a t i n f i n i t y Power i n general Stagnation pressure Rate o f f l o w D e f i n i t i o n dv/dt Height of a wave from trough t o c r e s t h + p/w + q/w From c r e s t t o crest

Force per u n i t area

- = f Volimie o f f l u i d per u n i t time Dimensions LT-2 L^ L L

L

V

U I T LT-2 L "2 L L L L U REVS.T =1 L-^MT-2 L-^MT-2 L - ^ M T- 2 L-^MT-2 L^T-^

2 6 5 -r , R s t t° T u, V, w U, V V7 V Symbols C l a s s i f i e d by Subject ( i ) GENERAL ( c o n t , ) T i t l e Radius i n general Radius o f curvature Radius, l\ydraulio Length along p a t h Time i n general Temperatxire i n general P e r i o d o f time f o r a complete cycle V e l o c i t y components i n d i r e c t i o n o f x, y, z axes Linear v e l o c i t y Weight d e n s i t y Weight i n general Body axes and * ) Cartesian

Fixed axes and corresponding C a r t e s i a n co-ord-i n a t e s D e f i n i t i o n Area of s e c t i o n d i v i ded by wetted p e r i -meter Dimensions L I , ds/dt pg LT-^

Right hand orthogonal system of axes f i x e d i n the body w i t h t h e z-axis v e r t i c a l l y downwards. The x - a x i s i s forward and p a r a l l e l t o reference o r base l i n e used t o determine body's shape. The

o r i g i n should, i n general be a t the centre o f g r a v i t y o f the body, axxy o t h e r p o i n t used must be c l e a r l y d e f i n e d R i g h t hand orthogonal system o f axes n o m i n a l l y f i x e d i n r e l a t i o n t o t h e e a r t h , the p o s i t i v e r ^ a x i s i s v e r t i c a l l y downwards and the x - a x i s l i e s i n the general d i r e c t i o n o f i n i t i a l motion •) See a l s o Appendix I X .

Symbol a ( a l p h a ) Y (ganma) r ( c a p i t a l gamma) 6 ( d e l t a ) e ( t h e t a ) /c( kappa) p (mu) V ( n u ) p ( r h o ) cr (sigma) / ( p h i ) ij, ( p s i ) ( i ) GENERAL ( c o n t . T i t l e Angular a c c e l e r a t i o n S p e c i f i c g r a v i t y C i r c u l a t i o n ) D e f i n i t i o n doc/dt Weight of a substance d i v i d e d by the weight of an equal volume o f d i s t i l l e d water a t If C. 0 V ds along a closed l i n e Thickness of a boundaiy l ^ e r i n general Angle of t r i m or p i t c h C o e f f i c i e n t of kinematic c a p i l l a r i t y C o e f f i c i e n t of dynamic visco s i t y C o e f f i c i e n t of kinematic v i s c o s i t y Mass d e n s i t y C a p i l l a r i t y constant P o t e n t i a l f u n c t i o n , such as v e l o c i t y p o t e n t i a l Angle of r o l l , heel or l i s t Stream f u n c t i o n r/9

Shear stress per u n i t v e l o c i t y gradient ^l/p

Mass per u n i t volume Surface tension per u n i t l e n g t h \|;= const, i s t h e equation of a stream l i n e Dimensions _-2 ML - 3 J --2 MT

L

V^

L

V^

ÜJ (omega) 7

X v

( n a b l a , d e l ) ' ( v o l ) Angle of yaw Angular v e l o c i t y or c i r c u l a r frequency Volume i n general

2 6 7

-*»

3B A Ö

/

®

BM ' I T C^,P ( b e t a ) Cp, / Symbols C l a s s i f i e d by Subject ( i i ) GEOMETRT OP SHIP T i t l e Area, midship s e c t i o n Area, waterplane Area, maximum t r a n s -verse s e c t i o n L o n g i t u d i n a l centre o f buoyancy from a f t perpendicular L o n g i t u d i n a l centre o f g r a v i t y from a f t perpendicular Beam o r breadth, moulded of ship R. R. Proude's b r e a d t h c o e f f i c i e n t D e f j j i i t i o n M i d w ^ between f o r e and a f t perpendiculars Distance o f c e n t r e o f buoyancy from a f t p e r p e n d i c u l a r Distance of centre o f g r a v i t y from a f t perpendicular B/ V 1 / 3

Metacentre above centre Distance from t h e of buoyancy Block c o e f f i c i e n t C o e f f i c i e n t of i n e r t i a of waterplane, l o n g i t u d i n a l C o e f f i c i e n t of i n e r t i a of waterplane, t r a n s -verse Midship s e c t i o n c o e f f i c i e n t ( m i d w ^ between forward and a f t e r p e r p e n d i c u l a r s ) L o n g i t u d i n a l p r i s m a t i c c o e f f i c i e n t centre of buoyancy B t o t h e transverse metacentre M V / L B T 1 2 I J / B L ^ 1 2 I ^ ^ L AJJAT KV/A^ L ( o r v / A ^ L ) Dimensions

The p r i s m a t i c c o e f f i c i e n t should g e n e r a l l y be based upon maximun-section area r a t h e r than on m i d s e c t i o n area, as given i n t h e I96O Committee r e p o r t , but i t should be c l e a r l y s t a t e d irtiich area has been used. Whatever ship l e n g t h considered a p p r o p r i a t e may be used f o r t h i s and o t h e r c o e f f i c i e n t s , b u t t h i s l e n g t h should be c l e a r l y i n d i c a t e d and s t a t e d .

^PA' ^A ^PE' ^ E WP' Symbols C l a s s i f i e d by Subject ( i i ) GEOMETRY OF SHIP ( c o n t . ) T i t l e Prismatic c o e f f i c i e n t , a f t e r b o ( ^ Prismatic c o e f f i c i e n t , entrance Prismatic c o e f f i c i e n t , forebody Prismatic c o e f f i c i e n t , run D e f i n i t i o n Dimensions Prismatic c o e f f i c i e n t , v e r t i c a l Designed load w a t e r l i n e A _ / L B c o e f f i c i e n t «V ( a f t e r b o d y ) / i A^ L ( o r V ( a f t e r b o d y ) / i Ay L ) * V ( e n t r a n c e ) /A^ Lg

( orV ( entrance )/ A^^ Lg) «V ( f o r e b o d y ) / ^ A ^ L

( c r y ( f o r e b o d y ) / i A ^ L) «V(run)/A^I^

( o r V ( r u n y A j ; Lj^) 7 / A ^ T

Depth, moulded of a ship h u l l Freeboard F B PG GM L o n g i t u d i n a l centre of buoyancy from forward perpendicular Longitudinal centre of g r a v i t y from forward perpendicular Metacentric height L o n g i t u d i n a l meta-c e n t r i meta-c height

From the freeboard markings t o the freeboard deck, according t o o f f i c i a l r u l e s

Distance of centre of buoyancy from forward perpendicular Distance of centre of g r a v i t y from forward perpendicular Distance from t h e centre of g r a v i t y G to the transverse metacentre M Distance from the centre of g r a v i t y G t o the l o n g i t u d i n a l meta-centre M^r

se The p r i s m a t i c c o e f f i c i e n t should g e n e r a l l y be based upon maximum-section area r a t h e r than on midsection area, as given i n the I96O Committee r e p o r t , b u t i t should be c l e a r l y stated which area has been used. 'Whatever ship l e n g t h considered appropriate may be used f o r t h i s and other c o e f f i c i e n t s , but t h i s l e n g t h should be c l e a r l y i n d i c a t e d and stated.

269 -Symbol KB KG KM "OA Symbols C l a s s i f i e d by Subject ( i i ) GEOMETET OP SHIP ( c o n t . ) T i t l e Angle o f entrance, h a l f L o n g i t u d i n a l moment of i n e r t i a o f waterplane D e f i n i t i o n Angle of w a t e r l i n e a t the bow w i t h reference t o centreplane, n e g l e c t i n g l o c a l shape a t stem About transverse a x i s through centre o f f l o t a t i o n Dimensions

Polar moment of i n e r t i a Second p o l a r moment of area of a plane

Transverse moment of i n e r t i a of waterplane

Centre o f buoyancy above moulded base or k e e l

Centre of g r a v i t y above moulded base o r k e e l Metacentre above moulded base or k e e l Length o f a ship Length o f entrance Length, o v e r a l l Length of p a r a l l e l middle body Length between perpendiculars surface r e l a t e d t o a p o i n t i n t h e plane About l o n g i t u d i n a l L''' axis through centre

of f l o t a t i o n

Distance from the L centre o f buoyancy B t o t h e moulded base o r k e e l K Distance from t h e L centre of g r a v i t y G t o t h e moulded base o r k e e l K

Distance from the t r a n s - L verse metacentre M t o

the moulded base or k e e l K Reference l e n g t h of L a ship ( g e n e r a l l y between t h e p e r p e n d i c u l a r s ) Prom t h e f o m a r d L perpendicular t o t h e f o r v f a i d end o f p a r a l l e l middle body, or maximum

s e c t i o n

Length of constant transverse s e c t i o n

L L

Symbols C l a s s i f i e d by Subject ( i i ) GEOMETRY OF SHIP ( c o n t . ) h i ®

s

©

T i t l e Length of r u n Length of w a t e r l i n e i n general

R.E. Froude's length c o e f f i c i e n t , or length-displacement r a t i o Wetted surface

R.E. Froude's wetted surface c o e f f i c i e n t D e f i n i t i o n From section of maximum area or a f t e r end of p a r a l l e l middle body t o WL t e r m i n a t i o n or other designated p o i n t L / v V 3 Dimensions

s/vV3

T

©

A : ^ ( c a p i t a l " d e l t a ) X V

Taylor tangent a t the area curve

Draught, moulded of ship

R.E. Froude's draught c o e f f i c i e n t

Displacement weight

Scale r a t i o

Displacement volume

The i n t e r c e p t of the tangent t o the section-a l section-aresection-a curve section-a t the bow on the midship ordinate expressed as a r a t i o of t h e midship ordinate* T/v''/3 Vw Ship dimension/model dimension UST , - 2 * I f t h e s e c t i o n a l area a t the there i s a bulbous bow) both t h a t area i n evaluating t .

end ordinate i s not zero (e.g., when i n t e r c e p t s should be diminished by

- 2 7 1 =

Symbols C l a s s i f i e d by Subject ( i i i ) GEOMETET OP PROPELLER

T i t l e

Developed blade area

Expanded blade area

Disc area

Projected blade area

Span of an a i r f o i l o r h y d r o f o i l

Chord l e n g t h of an a i r -f o i l or h y d r o -f o i l

Boss or hub diameter Diameter o r a p r o p e l l e r Camber of an a i r f o i l o r h^ydrofoil P r o p e l l e r p i t c h i n general Radius of a p r o p e l l e r Thickness of an a i r f o i l or h y d r o f o i l Number of blades o f a p r o p e l l e r Angle of a t t a c k Hydrodynamic angle o f a t t a c k Angle of a t t a c k a t zero l i f t P i t c h angle of screw p r o p e l l e r D e f i n i t i o n ^ Dimensiona 2

Developed blade area L of a screw p r o p e l l e r ^

out-side the boss o r hub

2 Expanded blade area o f L • a screw p r o p e l l e r

out-side t h e boss o r hub

7d)V4

2 P r o j e c t e d blade area L

of a screw p r o p e l l e r out-side the boss o r hub Tip t o t i p o r support t o L t i p when c a n t i l e v e r e d L L Maximum separation of L median and n o s e - t a i l l i n e L L

Angle between the

d i r e c t i o n of u n d i s u i r b e d f l o w and the surface or l i n e r e f e r r e d , t o I n r e l a t i o n t o t h e p o s i t i o n a t zero l i f t I n r e l a t i o n t o t h e chord / = a r c t g (P/27ir)

Symbols C l a s s i f i e d by Subject ( i v ) RESISTANCE AND PROPULSION

D n T i t l e Resistance augment f r a c t i o n Boussinesq number Taylor's p r o p e l l e r c o e f f i c i e n t based on d e l i v e r e d horsepower Taylor's p r o p e l l e r c o e f f i c i e n t based on t h r u s t horsepower D e f i n i t i o n (T - R^)/Rj,

U

/4

2^ Dimensions n

Pj)^Aj^

^ where n i s i n revs/min, Pj^ i n horsepower^ i n knots - 2^ n

Prp^Aj^

^ where n i s i n revs/min, P„ i n horse-power,^ V. i n knots Incremental resistance R^/^pV S c o e f f i c i e n t f o r model-ship c o r r e l a t i o n Drag c o e f f i c i e n t D/^pV^A Specific f r i c t i o n a l ^^p^ S resistance or drag c o e f f i c i e n t ^PO 'P7 F r i c t i o n a l resistance c o e f f i c i e n t i n two dimensional f l o w L i f t c o e f f i c i e n t Specific pressure resistance c o e f f i c i e n t ( o f viscous o r i g i n ) S p e c i f i c residuary resistance c o e f f i c i e n t Specific t o t a l resistance c o e f f i c i e n t

/ For the ship-model c o r r e l a t i o n allowance, the resistance c o e f f i c i e n t of t h e form C. corresponding t o the resistance form R^, the s u f f i x A i s t o denote the a d a i t i o n a l resistance to be added t o the smooth ship p r e d i c t i o n t o

complete the ship-model balance. This allowance covers not only such items as roughness allowance but also the method o f e x t r a p o l a t i o n used and the scale e f f e c t s on r e s i s t a n c e , wake, t h r u s t deduction and other p r o p u l s i v e f a c o t r s , A c o e f f i c i e n t of t h i s kind lends i t s e l f t o s u b - d i v i s i o n i n t o d i f f e r e n t components such as those due t o s t r u c t u r a l roughness (C^)» p a i n t roughness (C.p) and so on.

• 1 Horsepower = 350 f t . l b / s e c = 76,04 kg.m./sec.

2 7 3

-Symbols C l a s s i f i e d by Subject

( i v ) BESISTANCE AMD PROPULSION ( c o n t . )

T i t l e D e f i n i t i o n D i m ^ s i o n s gRi/A T e l f e r ' s r e s i s t a n c e c o e f f i c i e n t S p e c i f i c t o t a l viscous Ry%)7^S r e s i s t a n c e c o e f f i c i e n t S p e c i f i c wavemaking R^^pV^S r e s i s t a n c e c o e f f i c i e n t R.E. Proude's r e s i s t a n c e 1000 c o e f f i c i e n t _2 Drag ( a f o r c e ) Porce i n the d i r e c t i o n IMT

o f motion, g e n e r a l l y f o r a completely immersed body Towing f o r c e i n a s e l f - A p p l i e d t o model i n p r o p u l s i o n t e s t p r o p u l s i o n t e s t c a r r i e d out a t t h e ship p r o p u l s i o n p o i n t Proude number V/^ g !• Proude depth number V/^ gh

R.E. Proude's f r i c t i o n a l 1000

R

j/a®^

r e s i s t a n c e c o e f f i c i e n t

Advance number o r r a t i o ^f/^ ^

of p r o p e l l e r

Three dimensional ^^V ~ ^PO^^^PO form f a c t o r on f l a t p l a t e f r i c t i o n Ship-model c o r r e l a t i o n "HDS/^DM f a c t o r f o r p r o p u l s i v e e f f i c i e n c y Ship-model c o r r e l a t i o n rig/nj. f a c t o r f o r p r o p e l l e r r a t e o f p e r o l u t i o n s _2 Torque c o e f f i c i e n t Q/pn^^ Resistajice c o e f f i c i e n t R/p n^D**" corresponding t o and Thrust c o e f f i c i e n t T / p n V R.E. Proude's speed - \ U.r. V

displacement ^ g A 1/6

L

©

•B a n «P7 Symbols C l a s s i f i e d by Subject

( i v ) R^ISTANCE AOT) PROPULSION ( c o n t . ) T i t l e

L i f t ( a f o r c e )

R.E, Proude's speed-l e n g t h c o e f f i c i e n t Rate of r e v o l u t i o n Brake power Delivered power a t p r o p e l l e r E f f e c t i v e power I n d i c a t e d power Shaft power Thrust power Torque

Three dimensional form f a c t o r on f l a t p l a t e f r i c t i o n Resistance i n general Reynolds number Model-ship c o r r e l a t i o n allowance P r i c t i o n a l resistance P r i c t i o n a l r e s i s t a n c e i n two dimensional f l o w Pressure resistance of viscous o r i g i n D e f i n i t i o n Porce i n a d i r e c t i o n perpendiculeu? t o motion

^ 47t

2% Qn R V

Determined from mean pressure on p i s t o n P« plus the losses along the s h a f t i n g T V . A Corresponding t o d e l i v e r e d power Pp

V

^PO

=

Porce opposing motion

Por ship V .

Por p r o p e l l e r s U c/ , where U and c r e f e j ^ t o the f l u i d and to the section a t 0 , 7 R A d d i t i o n a l resistance to be added to t h e smooth ship p r e d i c t i o n to complete the model-ship Due t o f l u i d f r i c t i o n on a surface Pressure r e s i s t a n c e due to v i s c o s i t y Dimensions U I T "2 R E V S . T LSIT"-' LSIT"-^ L S I T " ^ L ^ M T - ^ =2 ItfT =2 U I T ,=2 lüT ,-2 DIT =2

^75 -Symbol n T U • Symbols C l a s s i f i e d by Subject

( i v ) RESISTANCE AND PROPULSION ( cont. ) T i t l e Residuajy r e s i s t a n c e T o t a l resistance T o t a l viscous r e s i s t a n c e Wavemaking r e s i s t a n c e Apparent s l i p r a t i o Real s l i p r a t i o S t r o u h a l number Thrust deduction f a c t i o n Thrust V e l o c i t y of a f l u i d A x i a l induced v e l o c i t y at p r o p e l l e r section C i r c u m f e r e n t i a l induced v e l o c i t y a t p r o p e l l e r s e c t i o n V e l o c i t y of undisturbed f l o w Speed o f ship Speed o f advance o f p r o p e l l e r T a y l o r wake f r a c t i o n i n general Proude wake f r a c t i o n T a y l o r wake f r a c t i o n determined from torque i d e n t i t y D e f i n i t i o n ^ - « P T o t a l towed r e s i s t a n c e « P ^ « P V Dimensions .-2 lilT =2 U(T -2 Due t o t h e f o r m a t i o n o f U4T surface waves 1 - V/n P 1 - V / n P

n l/U where n i s the eddy frequency ( T - R j ) / T a t p r o p e l l e r -2 Speed i n r e l a t i o n t o water f l o w (V -

v J A

Speed V^ determined by a compaiTison between an open-water p r o p e l l e r t e s t and a s e l f -p r o -p u l s i o n t e s t , Q and n having t h e sEune values i n both t e s t s ItfT ,.-1 -2 LT -1 LT =1 LT -1 LT =1 LT =1

SArmbol

n

Symbols C l a s s i f i e d by Subject

( i v ) RESISTANCE AND PROPULSION (cont„) T i t l e Taylor wake f r a c t i o n determined from t h r u s t i d e n t i t y Weber number A i r content of water D e f i n i t i o n Dimensions Speed determined by a comparison between an open-water p r o p e l l e r t e s t and a s e l f -propulsion t e s t , T and n having the same values i n both t e s t s U^ V^c; U and L r e l a t e to the f l u i d and s p e c i f i e d section Weight of a i r contained i n water, per u n i t of volume -2 (it Ti ( e t a ) ^0 Saturated a i r content of water Appendage scale e f f e c t f a c t o r Advance angle of a p r o p e l l e r blade section Hydrodynamic f l o w angle of a p r o p e l l e r blade section Taylor's advance c o e f f i c i e n t E f f i c i e n c y i n general P r o p e l l e r e f f i c i e n c y behind ship Propulsive e f f i c i e n c y or quasi p r o p u l s i v e c o e f f i c i e n t Gearing e f f i c i e n c y H u l l e f f i c i e n c y Weight of a i r contained i n water, per u n i t of volume a t s a t u r a t i o n p o i n t Ship appendage resistance/model appendage resistance = a r c t g (V./27i:m) Flow angle t a k i n g i n t o account induced v e l o c i t y nD/V^ where n i s i n revs/min, D i n f e e t , V. i n knots A P^P^ = TV/27;Qn T,V^,Q,n measured i n p r o p u l s i o n t e s t "2 ^E^D 1 - t or 1 1 - w (1-w)Cl+a)

S:viabol

'He

2 7 7

-Symbols C l a s s i f i e d by Subject ( i v ) RESISTANCE Al® PR0PUI5I0N ( c o n t . )

T i t l e I d e a l p r o p e l l e r e f f i c i e n c y Mechanical e f f i c i e n c y P r o p e l l e r e f f i c i e n c y i n open water R e l a t i v e r o t a t i v e e f f i c i e n c y S h a f t i n g e f f i c i e n c y Thermal e f f i c i e n c y C a v i t a t i o n nimiber D e f i n i t i o n E f f i c i e n c y i n non-viscous f l u i d Pg/Pj o r P g A j = T Vj/2AQn

V

^S

Dimensions (p - Pv)/q

S.ymbol 1 , 1 , xx' yy Symbols C l a s s i f i e d by Subject ^ ( v ) SEAKEEPING T i t l e D e f i n i t i o n Wave v e l o c i t y o r c e l e r i t y Frequency 1/T Frequency of encounter I / T , Real moments of i n e r t i a Dimensions ZZ ^zz '"n n _AW AW "AW '^AW Real products of i n -e r t i a Real r a d i i of gyration

Wave length from c r e s t to crest

Spectrum moment (where n i s an i n t e g e r )

H o r i a o n t a l o r l a t e r a l wave bending moment

Torsional wave bending moment V e r t i c a l wave bending moment Increase i n mean r a t e of r e v o l u t i o n i n waves

Mean power increase i n waves

Mean torque increase i n waves Mean resistance increase i n waves Resistance i n ïraves minus the r e s i s t a n c e i n s t i l l water L^MT-^ L^T-^ REVS.T "1 UIT - 2 R e l a t i v e v e r t i c a l motion of bow w i t h respect t o the wave

surface • ) 3 i i O a].';o Ay,; e r : d i x I X .

2 7 9 -Symbols C l a s s i f i e d by Subject (T) S E A K E E P I N G ( o o n t e ) Syabal e t c , e t c . ^AW

F

6«

T i t l e One dimensional s p e c t r a l d e n s i t y Two dimensional s p e c t r a l d e n s i t y Wave p e r i o d Mean t h r u s t increase i n waves P e r i o d of enooimter N a t u r a l p e r i o d ( i n smooth water) f o r heaving N a t u r a l p e r i o d ( i n smooth w a t e r ) f o r p i t c h i n g N a t u r a l p e r i o d ( i n smooth w a t e r ) f o r r o l l i n g Apparent wave p e r i o d (according t o zero c r o s s i n g s ) D e f i n i t i o n D i B s a s i o B S -2 Requency response f u n c t i o n - p i t c h Frequency response f u n c t i o n - r o l l Frequency response f u n c t i o n - yaw Leeway o r d r i f t angle Mean d r i f t single Rudder angle The time e l a p s i n g between t h e occur-rence of two successive upward cz*ossings o f sere " 5 ^

sio))

Symbol e ( e p s i l o n ) ^ ( z e t a ) w 9 ( ^ ) /c, ( k ) X

<|r(x(chi))

Symbols C l a s s i f i e d by Subject ( y ) SEAKEEPING ( c o n t . ) T i t l e

Phase angle between the motions and the wayes Instantaneous waye elevation Wave amplitude Height of a wave Apparent wave amplitude

Apparent wave height

P i t c h angle P i t c h amplitude Mean p i t c h angle Wave number Wave l e n g t h Apparent wave l e n g t h (according t o zero crossings) Wave d i r e c t i o n angle R o l l angle R o l l amplitude Mean r o l l angle Yaw angle Yaw o s c i l l a t i o n amplitude Mean yaw C i r c u l a r frequency Frequency o f encounter ( c i r c u l a r ) D e f i n i t i o n Height of a wave from trough t o crest The v e r t i c a l distance between a successive crest and trough

2VX

The h o r i z o n t a l distance between two successive upward crossings o f zero 2 V T Dimensions L L-L L

27i/r--1 ,-1 E

co ₀ A f c a p i t a l lambda) 281 -Symbols C l a s s i f i e d by Subject ( V) SEAKEEPIN& ( cont. ) T i t l e N a t u r a l ( c i r c u l a r ) frequency f o r heaving N a t u r a l ( c i r c u l a r ) frequency f o r p i t c h i n g N a t u r a l ( c i r c u l a r ) frequency f o r r o l l i n g Tuning f a c t o r f o r heaving Tuning f a c t o r f o r p i t c h i n g Tuning f a c t o r f o r r o l l i n g D e f i n i t i o n T g A T ^ BjjuBnaiona _-1

(¥i) MANOEUVRABILITy

Syabol T i t l e D e f i n i t i o n A g Area of bow ivjrdroplanes

Aj, Area under cut-up Area of rudder Area of s t e m iydroplanes b Span of l i y d r o f o i l 0 Chord length o f H y d r o f o i l C Cross f o r c e on body normal t o l i f t and drag

^xx* ^yy* Real moments of i n e r t i a

I

ZZ

^yy* ^xa* Real products of i n e r t i a

k , k , Real r a d i i of g y r a t i o n X X y y °^ k Z Z K, I f , N Moment components of boc^y r e l a t i v e t o body axes 0 O r i g i n of body axes p, q, r Components of angular v e l o c i t y r e l a t i v e t o body axes

Q g Torque, bow Hydroplanes Q j ^ Torque, rudder

Q g Torque, s t e m Hydroplanes Thickness of H y d r o f o i l section

X, Y . Z Porce components on body r e l a t i v e t o body axes

2 8 3 -Symbols C l a s s i f i e d by Subject ( v i ) MANOEUVBABIUTT ( c o n t . ) Symbol T i t l e Angle o f a t t a c k Angle o f d r i f t o r s i d e - s l i p An angle o f r o l l '11 ( K ) Bow tiydroplane angle Rudder angle S t e m l^rdiToplane angle Heading angle Steady r a t e o f t u r n d e f i n i t i o n The angle t o the

l o n g i t u d i n a l b o ^ a x i s fi?om the p r o j e c t i o n i n t o the p r i n c i p a l plane o f symmetry o f the v e l o c i l y of t h e o r i g i n of the bod|y axes r e l a t i v e t o t h e f l u i d , p o s i t i v e i n the p o s i t i v e sense o f r o t a t i o n about t h e y - a x i s

The angle t o the p r i n c i p a l plane o f £^mmetiy from the v e l o c i t y of the o r i g i n of the body axes r e l a t i v e t o the f l u i d , p o s i t i v e i n the p o s i t i v e sense of r o t a t i o n about the z-axis The angular d i s p l a c e ment about the x

-o a x i s of the p r i n c i p a l plane o f symmetry from the v e r t i c a l p o s i t i v e i n t h e p o s i t i v e sense o f r o t a t i o n about the X - a x i s o