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572 I . DEMIDOWA
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ISSLIEDOWANHE OSTATOCZNYCH NAPRJAŻ ENIJ... 5 7 3
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ISSLIUDOWANIJE OS TATOCZNYCH NAl'RJAZENIJ... 575
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576 I. DEMIDOWA
paAHajn.Hi.ix H oKpy>KH&rx H anpsoKetntii na. KOHType BKJiioqeauft: <rt3 — — l l M H a ,
o9S m 14,5 M i l a , ar6 = 0.37 M H a , ar 4 = 15 MLTa, <rH « 30 M i l a .
, HecMOTpa Ha TO, TCO Kojuraecn so MHTepchepeiuTiioHHbix n o;ioc 5 H 6 S t u io oflimaKOBoe, ypoBeiib nanpH H teH irii B cocraBHoM woflejiH 5 Bbtuie, l
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JLrrepaTypa
1. A. H . AJIKKCAHWOB, M . X. AXMET3JUIOB, rio/ vipuzaiiiioMio- onimi'iecKue Aiemodht MXauwu de<f>op-AtupyeMoeo me.ta. M . H ayKa, c . 576, 1973.
2. F . C . BAPAAHHH, H . H . IIpHroPOBCicHfi, Mode/ iupoeamie mepMoynpysux mnpfUHcamS. noiinpuimjuon-Ho- onmmeacHM juemodoiu. H 3u. AH C C C P . M ex. Mam., ]Sr
2 4 , c. 146 - 149, 1962.
3. E . H . 3flEJibuiTE«H, O „saMopaoiaieamm" decfiopAtatiim «.ueinode tfiomoynpyMcimt. BCCTHIIK J i r y, N » 7, c. 118- 125, 1968.
4. I'l. I'l. ByrAKOB, H . I I . JjEMHflOBA, O cnocoBe „{fiimcatjuu" dsynpe/ ioMjienufi « no/ iiiMepKtJx 3Ae.ueii-max cocmaeimx Modejteu. — I'lccnefloBaHHH n o yn p yro c m H imac- cniH ociH . H 3 «- B O JIeH iuirpaaa<oro yii- Ta, Bbin. 12, c . 97 - 107, 1978.
5. H . VL. BVTAKOB, H . H . JHEMIWOBA, O itCKomopux cnocoOax „$UKcaą uu" dsynpejioM/ teuun a nomwcp-HUX menax. — CE>.: noJiH pnaan. — orraraecKirii MCTOH H e r o npEUio>KCHne K nccjieAOBainno Ten-JIQDUX nanpHweitHH. Ksten, „ H ayKoaa JlyM Ka", c . 34 - 4 0 , 1976.
6. I I . H . J^EMiwonA, 06 odHOpoditoM iia?pem u oxjiaotcdenuu nommepHUX mci, oicecmKo iaitpen/ tenubix no vacmu notepxHocnm.- Qa.: noJi(ipH3aunoHHo- oirrimca<Hfi; iweioA H e r o npurtoweH H e K nccjieflo-iiaiiniu TennoBbix H anpH weraift. KaeB, HayKOBa flyMi<a, c . 71 - 76, 1976. •
7. R. S. SAMPSON, A three dimensional photoehstic method for analysis of differential contraction stresses. — Exp. Mech., v. 3, N o 10, p. 225 - 237, 1963.
8. E. HOSP, Experimentelle Bestimmung von W annespannungen in Bautaile auf spannungsoptischen W ege. Bautechnik, N . 11, 1960.
9. E. H . D ILL, Photoviscoelasticity. I n .: Mech, Chem. Solids Propellant. Pergamon Press. N .Y.a.o., p 443- 461, 1967.
S t r e s z c z e n i e
BADANIA METODAMI ELASTOOPTYCZNYMI N APRĘ Ż EŃ RESZTKOWYCH W CIAŁACH ZŁOŻ ON YCH
W pracy rozpatrzono zagadnienia naprę ż eń cieplnych w ciał ach zł oż onych w przypadku jednorodnego nagrzewania lub ochł adzania. Pokazano, że metodą fototennolepkosprę ż ystoś ci moż na wyznaczać naprę -ż enia przy dowolnej zmianie temperatury i moż na również uwzglę dnić naprę ż enia wstę pne. Podano przy-kł ady, pokazują ce, że poziom dwójłomnoś ci nie zawsze wyznacza poziom naprę ż eń. Zaproponowano doś wiadczalną metodę badania resztkowej dwójł omnoś ci.
S u m m a r y
IN VESTIG ATION OF TH E RESIDUAL STRESSES I N COMPLEX BODIES BY PHOTOELASTIC METHODS In the paper the thermal stress in complex bodies have been considered for homogeneous heating or cooling. It has been shown that the stresses at arbitrary change of temperature, including also initial stresses, can be determined by means of the photothermoviscoelasticity method. It results from examples that the level of birefrigence does not always determine the stress level. An experimental method has been proposed for the residual birefrigence investigation.
