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The publication was prepared on the basis of results of the questionnaire survey „Participation in sports and physical recreation” conducted by the Central Statistical Office in October 2016 on the sample of households participating in the household budget survey (HBS). This is the fourth modular survey devoted to this domain, previous – were carried out in 1999, 2008 and 2012. There were surveyed both households and individual members of these households.
The primary objective of the survey was recognition of preferred ways of spending time on sport and physical recreation, the assessment of the degree of participation in sports and physical recreation, the estimation of average expenditure spent on this purpose, as well as an attempt to determine the degree of possessing sports equipment and estimation of the average expenditure spent during the surveyed period on purchase and maintenance of such equipment and also estimation of expenditure spent on participation in camps and sports activities.
The results of the survey in conjunction with socio-demographic characteristics such as age, sex, marital status, education, income, source of maintenance, place of residence allow making analysis of the attitudes and skills of household members related to sports and physical recreation, and to determine the motives and barriers to participation in sports and recreational activities. As in the previous editions of the publication provides information on participation of people with disabilities in such activities, as an important complement to the overall picture of participation in sports or recreational activities.
I hope the publication will occur as a valuable source of information on participation in sports and physical recreation.
The authors of the publication are grateful to all people and institutions for providing us with additional information, remarks or conclusions, that might be helpful in improving the studies and presentation of results in the scope of the sport statistics.
Piotr yso, Ph.D. Director
of the Social Surveys and Living Conditions Department
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CONTENTS
PREFACE ... 4
CHAPTER 1. METHODOLOGICAL NOTES ... 26
1.1. The objective of the survey ... 26
1.2. Data sources and ranges ... 26
1.3. Characteristics of the survey method and survey implementation ... 27
1.4. Parameter estimation ... 29
1.5. Definitions of basic terms ... 31
1.6. Information on the presentation of the survey results ... 33
6800$5< CHAPTER 1. Methodological notes ... 101
CHAPTER 2. Characteristics of the surveyed group ... 101
CHAPTER 3. Assessment of overall physical fitness of household members ... 101
CHAPTER 4. Participation of household members in sports and active recreation ... 102
CHAPTER 5. Conditions of participation in sports and recreational activities of household members ... 103
CHAPTER 6. Expenditure on sports and recreational activities and sports equipment in households ... 104
GRAPHS Graph 1. The share of specific types of households in the surveyed population ... 35
Graph 2. Participation of the surveyed households by the number of the household members ... 36
Graph 3. Types of households by place of residence ... 36
Graph 4. Households’ members with and without disabilities by sex ... 39
Graph 5. Households’ members with and without disabilities by place of residence ... 39
Graph 6. Educational attainment level of the persons with and without disabilities ... 40
Graph 7. Subjective assessment of general fitness of households’ members by sex ... 41
Graph 8. Educational attainment level and subjective assessment of general fitness of households’ members ... 43
Graph 9. Marital status and subjective assessment of general fitness of households’ members ... 44
Graph 10. Place of residence and subjective assesment of general fitness of households members 45
Graph 11. Subjective assessment of general fitness and participation in sports or physical recreation activities ... 46
Graph 12. Subjective assessment of general fitness and occasional participation in sports
or physical recreation activities by sex ... 47
Graph 13. The type of sports and physical recreation activities by sex of the participants ... 48
Graph 14. Participation in sports or physical recreation activities by age ... 49
Graph 15. The regular/frequent and occasional participation in sports or physical recreation activities by age ... 49
Graph 16. Participation in sports or physical recreation activities by educational attainment ... 51
Graph 17. Participants in sports or physical recreation activities by general fitness ... 52
Graph 18. Motives for participation in sports or physical recreation, by the frequency of activities . 53 Graph 19. The regular and occasional participation in sports or physical recreation activities by income ... 54
Graph 20. Regular participation in sports or physical recreation activities by sex ... 54
Graph 21. Average time of reaching the place of sports or physical recreation activities and getting back home by sex of participants ... 55
Graph 22. Participation of household members in sports or physical recreation activities by selected (most frequently declared) forms of activities ... 56
Graph 23. Participation in the three most frequently declared sports or physical recreation activities of men and women, by age ... 57
Graph 24. Skills and participation in the two most frequently declared sports or physical recreation activities by age ... 58
Graph 25. Skills and participation in the two most frequently declared sports or physical recreation activities by educational attainment level ... 59
Graph 26. Skills and participation in the two most frequently declared sports or physical recreation activities by place of residence ... 60
Graph 27. The most frequently declared sports skills of household’ members ... 61
Graph 28. The most frequently declared sports skills by age ... 62
Graph 29. The most frequently declared sports skills by educational attainment level ... 64
Graph 30. Participation in sports or physical recreation activities in 2012 and 2016 by age ... 65
Graph 31. Participation in sports or physical recreation competitions by age ... 67
Graph 32. Motives for participation in sports or physical recreation ... 70
Graph 33. Motives for participation in sports or physical recreation by age ... 71
Graph 34. Motives for participation in sports or physical recreation by educational attainment level ... 73
Graph 35. Motives for participation in sports or physical recreation by marital status ... 74
Graph 36. Motives for participation in sports or physical recreation by household income ... 75
Graph 37. Barriers to participation in sports or physical recreation ... 77
Graph 39. Barriers to participation in sports or physical recreation by educational
attainment level ... 79 Graph 40. Barriers to participation in sports or physical recreation by household income ... 81 Graph 41. Regular and occasional participation in sports or physical recreation activities
by the degree of disability ... 83 Graph 42. Barriers to participation of people with disabilities in physical recreation activities ... 85 Graph 43. Assessment of general fitness and the nature of the work performed ... 86 Graph 44. The participation of households’ members in sports or physical recreation activities
by the nature of the work performed ... 87 Graph 45. Non-participation of households’ members in sports or physical recreation activities
by the nature of the work performed and sex ... 87 Graph 46. The participation of household members in regular sports or physical recreation
activities, by the nature of the work and sex ... 88 Graph 47. Households spending money on selected type of sport equipment ... 89 Graph 48. Structure of expenditures on sports and physical recreation per 1 household surveyed ... 90 Graph 49. Structure of expenditures on sports and physical recreation (per 1 household surveyed)
and the type of the household ... 92 Graph 50. Households spending money on sports and physical recreation by the number of the
households’ members ... 93 Graph 51. Households spending money on sports and physical recreation by the place of residence 95 Graph 52. Households spending money on sports and physical recreation by quintile groups ... 95 Graph 53. Quintile groups of households’ spending money on sports and physical recreation
by the type of expenditures ... 96 Graph 54. Households’ selected types of sport equipment ... 98 Graph 55. Households’ selected types of sport equipment by place of residence ... 100
TABLES
Table 1. Characteristics of surveyed households ... 106 Table 2. Households according to place of residence ... 108 Table 3. Sports equipment in households ... 110 Table 4. Households incurring expenditure on sport equipment purchase from 1.10.2015
to 30.09.2016 ... 114 Table 5. Households expenditure on sport equipment purchase from 1.10.2015 to 30.09.2016
(per 1 surveyed household) ... 118 Table 6. Households incurring expenditure on sport and physical recreation from 1.10.2015
Table 7. Households expenditure on sport and physical recreation from 1.10.2015 to 30.09.2016
(per 1 household incurring expenditure) ... 124
Table 8. Households expenditure on sport and physical recreation from 1.10.2015 to 30.09.2016 (per 1 surveyed household) ... 126
Table 9. Household members according to households types ... 128
Table 10. Household members according to place of residence ... 132
Table 11. Households members abilities in sport and physical recreation ... 136
Table 12. Households members participation in sport activities or physical recreation ... 138
Table 13. Reasons for absence of households members in sport activities or physical recreation . 142
Table 14. Reasons for sporadic participation of households members in sport activities or physical recreation ... 154
Table 15. Main reasons of practising sport and physical recreation by housholds members ... 158
Table 16. Physical ability of households members, who have participated in sports or physical recreation ... 170
Table 17. Participation of households members in sport activities or physical recreation according to households types and kinds of activities ... 179
Table 18. Participation of households members in sport activities or physical recreation according to place of residence ... 184
Table 19. Participation of households members in sport activities or physical recreation according to marital status of participants and kind of activities ... 190
Table 20. Participation of households members in sport activities or physical recreation according to the age groups and kinds of activities ... 200
Table 21. Participation of households members in sport activities or physical recreation according to the highest educational level completed and kinds of activities ... 210
Table 22. Participation of households members in sport activities or physical recreation according to quintile groups and kinds of activities ... 220
Table 23. Participation of households members in sport activities or physical recreation according to physical ability of participants and kinds of activities ... 222
Table 24. Participation of households members in sport activities or physical recreation according to frequency and kinds of activities ... 228
Table 25. Participation of households members in sport activities or physical recreation according to participation period and kinds of activities ... 233
Table 26. Participation of households members in sport activities or physical recreation according to participation place and kinds of activities ... 238
Table 27. Participation of households members in sport activities or physical recreation according to participation place (kind of facility) and kinds of activities ... 243
Table 28. Participation of households members in sport activities or physical recreation according to average duration and kinds of activities ... 248
Table 29. Participation of households members in sport activities or physical recreation according to average time to get to activities place and back home and kinds
of activities ... 253 Table 30. Participation of households members in sport activities or physical recreation
according to average time to get to activities place and back home and participants characteristics ... 258 Table 31. Participation of households members in sport activities or physical recreation
according to average time to get to activities place and back home and activities
characteristics ... 262 Table 32. Participation of households members in sport activities or physical recreation
according to main organizer and kinds of activities ... 266 Table 33. Participation of households members in sport or recreational activities according
to financing forms, monthly fees and kinds of activities ... 271 Table 34. Participation of households members in sport or recreational activities according
to activities frequency and selected participants characteristics ... 281 Table 35. Participation of households members in sport or recreational activities according
to activities frequency and selected activities characteristics ... 283 Table 36. Participation of households members in sport or recreational competitions according
to frequency and kinds of activities ... 285 Table 37. Participation of households members in sport or recreational competitions according
to participation in competitions frequency and kinds of activities ... 290 Table 38. Participation of households members in sport or recreational competitions according
to participation in competitions frequency and activities characteristics ... 294 Table 39. Participation of households members in sport or recreational competitions according
to participation in competitions frequency and activities characteristics ... 298 Table 40. Character of executed work of households members ... 300 Table 41. Subjective assessment of general physical fitness (condition) of households members . 306
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CHAPTER 1. Methodological notes
The questionnaire survey entitled “Participation of Poles in sport and physical recreation” was the fourth survey devoted to sport and physical recreation in the cycle of module surveys. The survey, corresponding to the previous editions of 1999, 2008 and 2012, was carried out on a sample of households participating in the household budget survey.
1.1. The objective of the survey
The primary objectives of the survey include learning about the ways of spending time on sport and physical recreation, preferred by members of the surveyed households, assessing the degree
of participation in sport and physical recreation, collecting information making it possible
to characterise the skills of household members associated with sport and physical recreation, and also making an attempt to explain the main motives and barriers to participation in such activities. Another task was to determine the degree of being equipped in sports equipment and the estimation of the average expenditure in the surveyed period, including expenditure on the purchase and maintenance of such equipment, and also on the participation in camps and sport activities.
The survey, carried out together with the household budget survey, made it possible to collect information on various socio-demographic characteristics, such as age, sex, marital status, education, income, main source of maintenance and place of residence. For this reason, the results of the survey constitute an important element of a comprehensive assessment of the population's participation in sport and recreational activities. The degree of such participation may be an interesting indicator of the society's standard of living and changes that have taken place in this area within the last four years.
1.2. Data sources and range
Two questionnaires were used as research tools, i.e. “DS-52G household questionnaire”
and “DS-52I individual questionnaire”. Both questionnaires can be found in the appendix
to the publication. The survey concerned the period from 1 October 2015 to 30 September 2016. DS-52G household questionnaire
The DS-52G questionnaire was intended for all households, subsample 2, “leaving” the household budget survey, which was participated in the quarterly interview in the 3rd quarter of 2016.6
The questionnaire referred to both the household as a whole and to its particular members. The questions included in the questionnaire concerned the interview performance, the household
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characteristics, work performed by particular household members and the assessment of their physical fitness. It also contained questions related to sports equipment available to households, expenditures associated with the purchase, rental and maintenance of such equipment, and also the participation in sport and recreational activities and camps.
The questionnaire further contained questions about the participation of particular household members, who were born before 1 October 2011, in sport and recreational activities. Persons who did not participate in this type of activities or rarely engaged in them were asked to specify the reasons. DS-52I individual questionnaire
The DS-52I individual questionnaire was prepared for each household member7 and was
completed by all persons listed in the household budget survey (sheet BR-01a), born before 1 October 2011, in the surveyed households.
The questionnaire included questions about the respondent's skills associated with practising sport or physical recreation, and about the types of activities he/she participated in between 1 October 2015 and 30 September 2016, and also the main motives for practising sport and recreational activity. Special emphasis was placed on characterising the activities selected by the respondent in which he/she participated in the period covered by the survey. This part of the questionnaire included questions about the frequency and duration of participation in the activities, their place and average length, the organiser, the time needed to commute and their financing. Furthermore, information was collected on the participation in sport or recreational activities, and in competitions.
1.3. Characteristics of the survey method and survey implementation
The survey was carried out by means of face-to-face interviews on the sample of households taking part in the household budget surveys in the 3rd quarter of 2016, and finishing their participation in these surveys. Such a method made it possible to use the information obtained from the household budget survey for the purposes of compiling the results of the discussed module survey without any unnecessary respondent burden. The basic enquiry provided socio-demographic information on the survey participants and data on the disposable income of households, which in turn made it possible to determine household quintile groups8.
The starting point for the assessment of the survey implementation was the number of households in the subsample “leaving” the household budget survey. In the 3rd quarter of 2016, in the
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part of the sample finishing their participation in the household budget survey, 4653 households were surveyed. Among these, 4478 (i.e. 96.2%) households participated in the module survey “Participation of Poles in sport and physical recreation”. Among the remaining 175 households, 103 (i.e. 58.9%) refused to participate in the survey. Information on the implementation of the survey by household type is presented in the following table:
Table 1. Implementation of the survey in households
Households Total
Households participating in the survey
Households not participating in the survey
Total of which due to refusal
Total 100,0 96,2 3,8 2,2
Employees 100,0 96,1 3,9 2,8
Farmers 100,0 98,4 1,6 1,1
Self-employed persons working outside an
agricultural farm 100,0 93,8 6,2 4,9
Retirees 100,0 96,7 3,3 1,1
Pensioners 100,0 96,3 3,7 1,7
Persons living on unearned sources 100,0 96,0 4,0 1,1
During the implementation of the survey “Participation of Poles in sport and physical recreation” the interviewers carried out 12,183 interviews with 12,405 household members. 222 persons did not take part in the survey (i.e. 1.8% of persons in households); the most frequent reason for not participating was refusal (47.7% of reasons for not participating).
In order to obtain the highest possible number of responses, proxy interviews were allowed, i.e. interviews with household members fully informed about the participation in sport and physical recreation of the person who was either absent or unable to provide answers for any reasons. A considerable majority of individual interviews (67.4%) was carried out with the surveyed person. Proxies responded in 3972 interviews (32.6%). Information on the implementation of the survey referring to interviews with household members by household type is presented in the following table.
