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HarpaataoHa ocKopöaemaMa, a iiotomt, Koraa saxoTiaa ôbiTb CTporoio, to Bca Eßpona oößHHaaa ee, HastiBaa no.m- KOB'b MyueHBKaMa cBOÔoabi a

.1106

b a kt. OTeuecTBy.

„ H He oaoöpaio æecTOKOCTeô, roBopara.

oh

'

i

. aaate,

kto

6

h hh

npoH3BoaajTb axb.

H

a3’b Ttxb, KOTOpue ayMaiorb,

uto

ut.M'b ôoxfce

b

par b oÖHapyatHBaerb oatecrouemíi, rfeMb

Beaa-

KoayuiH'la' Haao aocïynaTb cb

h

a

mi

».

B’b

otomb coctohtt

caaaa

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a

n,HBaaa3ania. Ecaa (|iaHaTH3Mb

yBaeicaerb

HHoraa Hapoabi in»

Boaut,

to

nycïb

ohh

BeayTb ee KaKT» a

mu

a,

(11)

IX

a

He ;i,m;ie

3Brfcpn

h

paaóoñHHKH.

IL

ct

>

yatacoMB u

OTBpaine-

meM'b CMO'rpto Ha ManiaBeanaab noabcnon apncTonpaTÍn,

ji

,

ah

KOTopoH

yóiñcTBO CTO.ib ate Maao 3HaMim>, naicb

h

KJieBeTa.

MHorie

AVMaiuT'b

mtobto

iueacra,

h

a, noatajiyñ,

totobb

(iu.iB

6u npHcoeAHHHTbca K'b

HHM'b,

ecanóbi côJitnoe cydu.iuiąe

He

oÖHapyatHJO OTKpbrro

cbouxb

npnHunnOB’b yöiftcTBa“ *).

„He ocMtjiHBaacb Ha3Barrb BapBapcKHMH Tania .ąepataBH.

nait'b AßC'rpia

h

ITpyccia, noaann CBaanan Bee

Ha

Pocciio. nanb

na CTpaHy JieHte UMBHjiHaoBaHHyio. H o^Hanoate Poccin B'b

Tpii roaa cataaaa jpa nporpecca CBoero HapoaoHaceaema

h

yayauiema CBoero îipaisMTe.ibCTBa (cataoBa’reabHo

h

aa a 6e-

30iiacH0CTH Eßpoiibi) ropoaa óoate, Heatean Bet noaann Bo-

aecaaßa, KaaHMHpa. (Jnrn3MyHaa. HoHaTOBcnaro.. cat.aaan

bb

Teaeme

boci

.

mh b

^

kobt

»“ **).

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othbh

nocatjiHaro iioabcnaro B03CTama HpyaoHT. xapan-

TepH3yeTT> cata yio inn

mb

o6pa30MB:

„Kann npeatae. Tant

h

Tenepb,

bh ocraeT ecb

HapoaoMB

ABOpaHCKHMT) H XOTH'fe BaaaU'ieCTBOBaTb, BKCiiaoaTHpoBaTb.

Aaa BToro

bbixothtg

HHcnpoBeprHyrb HCTopnHecnin nopaaonb.

eoaaaBT, Bat

cto

HCieBaiornnxB rocyaapcTBeHHRXB TtaB,

ho

-

bhh

Ttaa, noTopua óyayTB Cb óoabmeio ataaHOcriio norao-

ntfiTb Bee Bonpyrb ce6a, ocTanaacb no ayxy CBoen HanioHaab-

HOCTH a no ropaocTH caaoio BpaatjieÖHOio nacTOio....

Han

corana no aero He 3HaanTi> B’b aeaoBtaecnnx’b jitaax’b, nan

TanoBbr^yayTT. nocatacnna B03CTaH0BaeHÍa Iloabiim.

Pasßt u,iiaanaTb Tpn MiiaaioHa icptnocrauxB,

ocboooh

;-

jieHHbixb na oeaa. npeac'raBaaiOTB

hbmb

noaofÍHRn onacHOCTH?,

ii npoTecTyio iipoTHBB 9TOH H3MtHbi

bo

BpeaB HapoaaMB. no

npmitpy Bamnx'b npeaitOBB a, (ftpaHnyacnin rpaataaHHHB, cnaaty

Baii’b:

ue nó3»ajisiMZ>.

Ilpomeaniee, nacToamee, óyaymee,

cbo

-

6oaa, nporpeccB, npaBO, nepeBopoTH n Tpani’aTH—Bee

bbcb oóbhhh

6

tb

. B

r

Moateïe npioóptcrn Toabno oaHy caaay, a

naeHHO nonopnTbca Barneay npnroBopy. Koaeóai'bca ÓRao

6u

He aocTOHHO Bac-b. BcnoiiHHTe cnabHoe caoBO Toro pnacnaro

*) CitflpHHKTł CTp. 84.

**) TaMt-ae

CTp.

86.

(12)

X

coJuaTa. KOTopuH

Banff

HepoHa, Maaonyurao ö try in a ro ott

.

cuepTH. aaKpanaab eny:

*pa3B"fe

cMepTb HecnacT’ie?“ *)

Bt, TaKHXt npicaxb KpacicaxB ii peñera bh.tt. IIpynoHT, cmuc.it. noai.cKoa acTopia ciiOHMT. corpaacnaaaMT,. aieaaa ynepanm, HXT) OTT. nOJIHTH'ieCKHXT. yBJie’IGHÍfi, KO l’a,a rOTOBHJiaCb enpo- neacKaa Koaaanitf npoTBBT, Poccia bt, 1863-mt. rony. Oae-BHaSO. OHT. HM’fcaT, B'b BBnV nO BpCHMyineCTBy nOJMTHHeCKyiO

CTopoey no.TLCKaro Bonpoca, Ha cko

.

tbko oht

,

icacaaca otho

-

m enia nojiflicoBT. kt

.

<f>paHiiy3aMT>. P a 3T>flCHeme a;e OToro r.o- npoca ca. n p yraxb CTopoHT,, ocoóeHHo co CTopoHu OTHOmemä pyccKO-cjiaBHHCKHX'b. npeacTanaeHO bt

, npyraxT, CTarwixT. Oa-

MapuHa. Ila.TaHKaro, P a rep a, raabtfiepnaHra. Bt, óaecTJimea CTaTbt nocafenHiiro: „ 3 a tto öopiorcn pyccicie ct

.

noaaKaMa?“ pasbacHeHT. nocnfcnoBaTenbHuä xoat

.

naeMeHHoa öopi/iu Meacny pyccKHMa a noaanaMa a oópameHO BHHMame Ha Ty po.ab. KOTopyio no CHXT, ñopa, arpaba nocninHÍe bt, cynbríaxT, caaBflHCTBa.

MffB'feCTHO, HTO

CaMUH

OCTptIH

ICaMeHb

npGTKHOBOHÍ!I BT,

HOJibCKOMT, Bonpock ecTb

3ananHua

Kpaa. Honejiy

hojakh ho BT, CH.iaXT, UpHMHpHTbCH CT, MUC.TblO,

HTO

OHT,

nOaiKeHT» HpH-

HanneataTT,

Poccia. a MaTepbnabHO a nyxoBHO, Panb^epnaHrT,

oö'biicHiieT'b TaKT,:

„Cana acTopia

TpeöyeTT,

ott

, nojmicoBb

bt

, ornomonia

in, PyccKoa 3eM.:rfe atepTBH nfeffCTBareabHO t j i m o ä

, onnoa

b3t,

caMuxb Tnaie.TuxT, atepTBb,

icauin Korna

aaóo

Tpeóonanacb ott

,

neaoB'fenecKaro

oömecTBa

0e3nom,anHOio Bjiacriio

acTopa-

necKaro

pa3BHTÍn. Heöoabinoa

Hapona, noabciria,

nociiaTaHHua

bt

,

npaHnanax'b

icaroaanaaMa a

apacTOKpaT’ia, bt

,

bm

;

i dtbxt

,

lipaHnanoB’b

npioóptab

rocnonci’BO

Hann orpoMHUMT,

npocrpaH-

CTBOMT, caaiaiHCKaxT, Bestenn, Haoeneimuxa,

uaponoMb

npyroro

Hapt.'iia, npyroa iclipu, npyraxT, oöarecTBeHuuxT,

minanb. II Ii-

ciio.TbKO

ctoji

L

tíh oht

, HacaaiKnaaca

oihmt

, rocuoncTBOMb!

oht

,

npaBUKb ciHTaTb ero saitoHHUMT, a

b

I

bihumt

., noroMy

tto

Ka-

ToaanH3Mrb TBepna.Tb eay, nro paMCKan nepKOBi, onHa BaacTHa

Hana, MipoMb, OAHa

bctomhhkt

, cnaceHin naff nynia

(13)

XI

uecKOH, MTo Bipa noaßaacTHaro Hapoaa ecTb Bipa xoaoncKaa;

apHCTOKpaTH>ieCKÍH IIpHHD,HM» TBGpjH.Tb eMV, MTO IIoabHia BO

npaBy cBoeñ

iujiaxth

, oaicpinnaa Bacoöoft öeacnopHHMT. Baa-

aiHieMT. 3TH npeivpacuua Pyccxia

h

JI

htobck

Í

íi

oeMa«; Hapoa-

Haa ropaocTi», BoenaraHHaa icaToaHUH3MOMT>, apHCTOKpai’HMe-

CKHirs ayxoMT.

h

npomjiHM'b rocnojiCTBOMi., TBepanaa,

tío

no.ib-

CKaa Hania nfeftcTBHTejibHO npn3BaHa

kt

. TaKOMy BaaaHMecTBy

u onpaBaHBaaa

oto

BaaaHMecTBO ay

botho

Mb npeapfema

kt

.

no^MHHOHHOMy IM6M6HH. H MTO JKe? B^pyi’T. Ha JUl-IbHOMT. I’O-

pnooHT'fe BOCTOita

JiBajiercii

neayiiaHHO

—

HorajaHHO Kaicaa-io

'iy;i;,i,aa cHJia:

oto

MocKBa, 6mmiaa

mojiomt

. npea’b TaTapcKHMT.

xaHOM'b, HcuoBt.ayiomaa Tyate lrV.py, rain, öiaopyccKm

h

yicpa-

hhckííí

xjioiiT., He3Haiomaa maaxeTCKaro roHopy

h ko

BceMy

OToay TaK'b a;e npeonpaeMaa, icaicT, sanaaHO-pyccKoe npocTO-

Hapoai.e. H ora Mocicßa aiaao noMaay pasBiHMHBaerb noat-

cityio Han,iio, oaÖHpaeT'b Bei ea oöaacTH. H 'renepb caaa

hc

-

TopaaecKaro paoim ria Tpeöyen»,

mtoöh

noaaicT. OTKaoaaca

ott

.

MHCaH BaaCTBOBaTb Ha,n,T> pyCCKHMT. HaponOMT., MTOÖH OHT>,

maaxTHM'b

u

KaTOanKT>, npH3HaaT» certa rocTein»,

tophhmhmt

,

no MHaocTH

bt

. CTpaH't, rafe npeaKH ero rtbUH xo3aenaMH,

mto

-

rtu

oh

'

b

npHSHaa’b TaMT. nepßeHCTBO

h

npupoataeHHoe npaBO

rocnoacTBa 3a myatimKOK) HapoanocTiro, 3a MyjKHBKOio Biporo.

üoöMHTe Bcio TarocTb otoh TpeöyeMoä

acepTBH;

hohmhtg, mto Cb othmt» nocraßaeHT. BonpocT.: rturb an noaaKaMT,

He-

öoabuiMMT» 5 aaaß MwaaioHHHMb HapoaoMT», nan BaacTHTeaaMH 3HaM HTeabHOH MacTH enponeHCKaro MaTepHKa, h bh iiohmcto, 3a mto

coöcTBeHHO

naeT'b coBpe.MeuHaa hmmt. rtopbrta.

Bopbrta OTa ecTb poovai/raTT. (

h

. öyaeMT» HaaiflTbca, npa-

roTOBaeHie

kt»

Hcxoay) Bceö npeaiHew HCTopm, npHBHBmeH

caaBHHCKyH) Iloai.iny

kt

» ayatoMy opraHHOMy,

kt

» Mipy aaTHHO-

repMaHOKOMy, caiaaBineä ee HocwreabHHueio Myatanxt caa-

BHHCKOMy naeMeHH HCTopHMecKHXT» naMaa'b. B

hott, bt» nocaia-

nee

upeMa,

ocorteHHO

noaa» raai»BaHHMCCKHMT> BaiaHieMb

omh-

rpaniH, aoBoaameñ ao artcoaioraon popity an

bt»

aeopia

h

ao

öoafesHeHHOH KpaHHOCTH Ha npaKTHK’fe Befe HCTopHMeciiia HaMaaa

noabCKOH JKH3HH, BHOTyiiHao Hapyaty, ortaexaocb

bt.

aiäcTBH-

reabHbie <J>aKTH

oto

BHyapeHHee npoTHBoptMie HCTopnMecKHXT>

(14)

XII

Ha'M.It Ct C.XaBHHCKOK) OCHOBOK) HO.IbCKai’O HapOAH. „IIo flí-

jiaMt Hxt no3Haexe HXt“.

H mu bhaîah hbhjihmt

»

u xt

jvLia,

mu

oca3aeMt aro BHyxpeHHee npoTHBopíaie.

Mu

bhaíah

Hxt Bt

1847 r.

npo.iHBaioiHHMH

cboio

upoub

aa yrHeTaTejieñ

cjiaBHHCKHxt HapoAOBt,

3a

Maabapt, npoxHBt

CepÓOBt, XopBETOBt, CjlOBaKOBt H PyCCKHX'b, H, uoc.rb no-

pajKem a,

BCTynaiomuMH Bt paau

A p y r a x t yrHexaxejieH C .ia -

Bimt—Bt Typen,Kyio

apaito.

B u BHA'k.IH HXt B'b 1854-Mb TOJiy CHapiDKaiOmHMH »ua-

3ariKÍii jierioHt“ Ha 3amHTy xypeaKaro MyeyjibiiaHCTBa oxt

XpHCTiaHCKOH H CJiaBJIHOKOH PoCClH.

Mu

bhaí

.

ih

_{nxt Bb 1862 r. KOMaHAyioiu,HMH xypemcHMH}

bohckhmh aah

3aBoeBaHÍa MepHoropiH.

Mu

bhaí

.

ih

a BHa«Mt, Käitt oHH cBMH peuoMeHAyioxt ce6a

aanaaHOH Eiipout, Kaut eAHHCXBeHHUxt Me;i;ay c.iaBHHaMH

BparoBb

h

HpoTHBo6opneBt naHCJiaBH3Ma (

t

. e. npeano.iaraeMoñ

Bt óyaymeMb caMööuxHOCTH

h

eAHHema CAaBHHCKHxt napo-

AOBt)

h

KaKb HÍMemcie aaóepaau,

t í

caaue

jiioah

, KOTopue

Me'iTaiOT’b o óyaymeM’b rocnoACTBÍ PepaaHÎH Haßt caaiiaH-

CKHMt BOCTOKOMt, ÖepyTt HXt 3a 9T0 HOAt CB06 HOKpOĘH-

TeabCTBO . . . . Kerb Bt ai’OMt

hoaoikchíh

IIo.ibuiH axo-xo xpa-

i’HaecKoe, naoAt

hmohho

axoro BHyTpeHHaro npoTBoptaia

mojkay

o

Ö

hioctbohhumh

CTpeMaemaMH ÜOAbniH

h

ncxopH'iecKHMH xpe-

óoBamaMH ea c.iaBHHCKOH

ochobu

.

h

3

to

npoTHBopíaie ocoöeHHo

apKO oÖHapyxHBaeTca

Bt

HacxoameMt B03CTaHÍH (1863 r . ) . . .

O

hh

cpaataiOTca

bohmh cboííoau h chmh

HCKpeHHO BÍpyioxt

axoMy; a 3anaAHaa Eßpona, A

hlviíh h

Tepaama paayiOTca

h

coayBCTByioxt aToií óopbóí, noTOMy aro OHa Ha HeonpejiíjieH-

Hoe Bpeaa OTcpoanBaoTt ocBodoíKAeme cjiaBaHCKHxt HapoAOBt

Ha BOCTOK’ii.

Ohh cpaaiaioxca noA t BHaaeHeMt eBponeäCKaro Jinóepa-

„iH3Ma

h HCKpeHHO yöiatAeHU

Bt

jinöepaAbHocTH CBonxt H^eä,

h

Bt Toaie

Bpeaa ohh coiobhhkh c a a u x t KpaÜHHxt

npëjcTa-

BHxeaeH cpe^HeBÎKOBaro (jiaHaxHawa: He TO.ibKO MoHxajiaMÔept,

HO H Be.IbO

HpHBÎTCTByXt 3THXt

ÖOHHOBt

JHÔepa.lbHUXt HAen.

Ohh

cpaæaioTCH noAt 3HaaeHeMt HapoAHOCTH

h bmîctî

(15)

caaB-XIII

JlHCKíll’O n.ieMeHH Ha PyCH, CTpOXSlCb KT> B03CTHH0B.16HÍK) HajTb

HHM'b rOCnOACTBa nOabCKOH HaiÚOHajIbHOCTB.

O

hh

CBHTaiOTT» ceóa jieiioKpaTaMu a,

ttoóh

npaB.ie'ib

btott

»

Hapojrb

kt

. ceók, oótipaiorb eny MaTepbajbnyio CBOóoay.

ho

BM'feCT'fe CT. T'liM’b HecyTT. CT. COÓOH HpaBCTBCHHOO 3aKptlI01Ue-

Hie IVLiopycca. Maaopycca

h

_{JlHTBHHa apacTOKpaTaaecKOMy}

MOHi.iiiHHCTBy nojibCKOMy, noceaaBuieMyca B'B

bxt

>

aeM.rt

*)“ ...

lio MHÏmiio CaMapHHa

„Bce nocTpoem e

no.iHTHKO-coHUMb-

HblXT. npHTH3aHÍH ÏÏO.IbUlH OCHOBaHO Ha ÄByXT. npoTHBopt-

niflX'b:

bo bmh CBoeñ

Hapo^HocTH OHa TpeöyeTT. ,o,jia

ceöa

no-

«

jiHTH’iecKaro rocnoACTBa

Ha^T» Apyraua, paBHonpaBHHMH

ct

>

HtílO HapOAHOCTflMH H OnpaB^MBaeTT. OTO npH’mame OÖ liTOM'b—

cjiyjKHTb opyæieMT. n p o

c bI. t

n

tc

a b

h

o

m

y Hanaay, KOTopoe

cry o a a o h

ryÓHT'b ea BHyrpeHHioio ;KB3Hb **).

IloaJIHHHLJX’b llblIlBCOK'b, CA'fc.TaHHhIXT. HBMH H3T. CTaTGB

IIpyaoHa, rHab(J)epa,HHra

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CanapHHa, noaaraeMb, coBepuieH-

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h

.

hoctohhctbomt

..

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apyria CTai’bH, icaic’b Hanp.

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Maní

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> coaepæaHio no OTutaaMT».

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no npGHMymecTBy CTaTbH Caiiapima, raabifiepABHra, IIpyjioHa,

liaaanKaro

h

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U n c a ta o B a m a

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rpaHanu

jieaijiy

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a

I lo a b - m ea

a yaasunaiOTT. Ha

acT opan ecK ie

nyTH,

no KOiopuMi. a n a - r a a a c b Ha P y c b

a JlaTBy

no.ibCKia

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*) CÓOpHHKl CTp, 68. **) C6opMHKl CTp. 13.

(16)

XIV

cm.?“

npejicTaBJMiOTfc Hania coBpeMeHHhia a upeBHia

otho

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UieHifl K'F> 3TOMy H.ieMeHH.

OraTtfl npoffieccopa AHTOHOBana aaoópaiRaerb nojożKeme

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bo

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ihtoh

,

a „ lipo-

9umt iesyuma o6b ywmmoMenin npmocMimou m p u u pyccKon

napodnocmu“ cjryjKart jioicyneHTa.iBHUMB en iio;i,TBepai;ieHieM'b.

„Mucmuffiumnin nancm xb uosuacoeb npom uu Poccńi“

npo(f>eecopa Kojuioimaa, „

JlpyMeaneeiniue cooumu nc. <P(.um-

cicaio u HodbCKiu K(tmuxii3ucb yKaauBaiOTi,

Ha

coBpeMeHHHH

OTHOHiema

k

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b

Ha Mb p.-KaToaanecKaro ;iyx0B6HCTBa a

hojm

-KOBB.

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M. H.

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„ 0 pyccnoMb ju u m

C7>

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u

p a n 1'

u uparicia

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a AOBO.ibHO yaa>iHhix'b uoiibri’Kaxb

kt

> ero ocymecTB.iemio,

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ojhh

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jiioah

, a

mto

ya;o CAbjiaaa 6uao

—

apyrie.

„ BocnoMumnin Ky.maHCKaro o KpcMuienno.ub Jluu,eib“ a

Hania coócTBeHHaa craTbH „0 noMcnoii nponaiandib ob ymó-

HUXb 3U6cdeninXb

B

u

MHCKMO

O/epyga“

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Te.ia C'b HanpaBJtemeMi. yaeOnaro xrb.!ia Bb Kpat cb 1803

no 1803 ro;i/b. lipa

btomb

caaTaesrb neodxoa,HMbiMb c;rŁ-

jiaTb oroBopuy, >

ito

liaiua CTaTbH cocraBaeHa Ha ocHOBa-

Hia o;|Haxrb TO.ibKO cjrI;;u‘TBOHHbix'b a/bab a

botom

y OTaaaa-

erca Heno.iHOToa;

ho

OHa flOKyneHTa.ibHO aa.iaraerb a no-

cafeaoBaTeabHoe paaimrie a Oo.ite Bbiaaioiuiaea iipoaBJiema

uoabCKHXb naua.rb in, 3anaa,Ho-pyccKBX,b iuKoaaxb y;i;e uo.rr

pyCCKHMJo B.ia ibl<ieCTBOM'b.

IIocabaHna crarbii „ lIm o mttnoe noAbcican mpodnocmb bb

sanadnoMb npan,?“ acTopaaecKH nt.pHo onpeji/baaerb 3Haaeme

Karo.iHuaaMa, KaK'b ca.ibi nojHTaaecKoa a HanioHa.ji.HO-no.ib-

CKoa.

Bcbx'b CTarea BHeceHO Hann

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TH.iocb Ma,repbii;ibHbix,b aaTpyAHema

no aa^aHiio.

(17)

XY

Bo

2 -ñ BLinycKF.

mu

naaipeau noMrfecTHTi> pani, CTaTeń

KacaioinHxca no npenMymecTBy aaCTHuxt nonpocoB'r» ncTopn-

MecKon hchbhh 3ana,n;Haro itpan.

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o eocTa,BjieHÍH

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nanaem

iionodnaro CóopHHKa

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mían

duBinnin, none'iHTejieM'B

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npHHa^JieiKHTi Tpy;irb cocTaBHTejin n Hnnarenn.

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HapyUIOHÍH CBOHXT. aBTOpCKHX'b npaivb.

C. IJJoAKoeuuz.

(18)

(19)

O r J I Ä B J I B H I E .

Cm pan.

]. CoBpeMeHHHH oúbomb IIojibCKaro Bonpoca Mjpix CciMapum . . . 1 2. Bb bombHCKaTi. paiipi.meniji ITojii.cKOMy Bonpocy? rmußepduma . 19 3. ÜOJibCKÍH Boupoc'b B'b Hauie BpeMa ZZanamaio u Puiepa . . . . 40 4. 3a tjto 6opK)Tca PyccKie cb UojiaKajiH? FuAbßepduma... 50 5. 0 hojibckomb Bonpoci Ilp y d o u a ... 70

6. Mirtnie o IIojibckomb Boupocfe MnTponojinTa CrbMcnum... 90 7. 06% 9THorpa<|)ixHecKOH cpamni/J; sleazy 3aua;iHOit Poccieii m

Ilo.ibiireii KoH,io6u u a ... 94

8. H'feCKOJIbKO 3aMÍTiaHÍH O JÍHTOBCKOMT. H JKiiySCKOMB DJieMeHH Vu.lh-ßepdum a... 106

9. Hím b oö'bacHHTb BbicTpoe o6pvc’hnie JImtiuj bb XIII Blad;? , . .1 2 8 10. O pasco jiohíh naemeHB 3aiia;i,Haro Kpaa Poccíh Koxxoeuna ■ . .1 4 2 11. Oraoiiiema Ilo-abcicaro rocy;t,apcTBa kb iipaisocaaiiiio h

npaüoe.iaii-HOH nepKBH AnmOHOama...155 12. Mbcth(|iiiuania nancKHXB bosiviscobb npoTHBB Poccíh Koxjioema. 166 13. IIposKB iesyHTa 061. ynHHToaceHiH PpeKO-PocciñcKaro oppose

¡10-Bi^ama BB Sana^Hoft Poccíh ... 172 14. ÆpyæecTBeHHbie cobŁtu Kc. Oejiuncuaio...ÍSI

15. IIoJIbCKift KaTHXHSHCB . . . '...216 16. 0 PyccitOMB asHKi bb KaToanaecicoMB OorocayacoHiii Kamnoea . 221 17. ïïoabcKaa nponaraH^a BByaeÖHHXB 3aBe,neHiaxB

CiBepo-3aua^-Haro Jipas C. Illo .m m m a ... 233 18. 0 . Ban,™ h KpeMeHepidft Jlapeñ EyAOKmcnaio...311 19. Bto TaKoe 11o.if.cicas iiapo^uocTb bb Biuiopyccin?...318

(20)

(21)

PoBPE/VlEHHLlH OB't.E/rt'L pOJIbCKArO BOnPOCA | 0 . pAM APHHA.

I pn MHoatecTB’fe TiojniJiJiH)m,Hxcir y naca, (“tíitch o Hoaiaiit h npn pa.'î.iH'iin TO’ieKT) .aptnia naiiiHXT. ny6aHn,HCT0BT> Ha Tana.

HasHiîaeMHH IIoancKift Bonpocb, KaateTca, nacTymuio Bpesia Toante odoimararr, oobomt, ero, bijhchhtb pasaunnua ero cToponH, h no^BecTH htoi’t. TOMy, hto oKonnaTcai.no ôóhto, aoicaoano, ycBoeHHo oömecTBeHHHMT. co:maHÍeMT., h hto iiaxo;i,HTca eme uoâ. coMH’tHieMT. h TpeóyeTT, pasptmenia. Torâ, Btpoarao, îtraoria hot, npoTHBoptaiñ bt> .'¡aaiuoiimjxa, y naet MHtmaxT, h npeAnoaoHceniaxT,, iipn Beet Kaatymeäca hxt, neiipHMHpHMOCTH yacHHTca caMH coóoio kokt. bo:í- aptnia iipoTHBonoaosKHHa Toai.KO no hxt, oanocToponnocTH. bt, cymHOCTH ate Aonoanaio minea B3anMHO. Hst, Bctxt Korâ an6o 3aHHMaBHiHXT> Eßpony BoiipocoBT), IJoni,CKÍH e;i,i!a jib He caMuft 3anyTaHHHñ h cnoacHuii. 9to OTT) Toro, hto oht> caaraeTca h3t> TpexT. BonpocoBt, no cymecTBy CBoeMy paoaHHHUXT», ne cmotjui na hxt> TtcHyio cbh3b.

liona kh—KaitT. napo;m>, itam, ocofiennaa cTHxia, bt> rpynnt Caanan- ciíhxt, itaoMeiiT,. Iïoai,nia—KaKT> caMocToaTeatHoe rocyaapcTBO. HaitoirepT, Iloanuia, wan to rate: noaoHH3MT>— Kam, npociítTHTear.Hoe naaaao, Kara. upeji,CTaBHTeai.cTBO, h BoopyateHHaa nponaraHjtfi JlaTHHCTBa bt, cpe#t Caa- nancKaro Mipa. 9th Tpn noHaTia óe3npecTanno cMtniHBaiOTca h nepexo- aaTi, o/uio bt, apyroe. Bca noaHTHKa IIoaaKOBT, saKaimeTca bt, hxt, OToatêcTBaeniH; ñama noaHTHKa—bt, hxb pa:!T,ea,HiienÍH. xIto IIoaaKH cocraiíaaRiTT, oT^tai.nyio, caMOCToaTeai,Hyio, xoth cpaBHHTeaT.no cb apyruMH neMHoroHHcaennyio ntTBi. CaanaTicKaro nacMenn—oí»t, btomt, ntrr, h cnopa. Ohh o6aaa;aiOTT, iicIimh ycaoniaMH napo^noñ ananocTH; y tihxt, cboít asuKT., CBoa amepaTypa, cnoa HCTopnaecKaa <J>h3íohomíji, cboh öhtobhh npea;ania. IIpH3nanie oToro npocTaro h neonpeBepatHMaro <j>aKTa ecTecrnenno Bewert kt, npH3Haniio upara na TaKoe ycTpoñcTBO, KOTopoe öh ne napymaao cbo- 6oa,u napoanoH jkh3HH bo BctxT, ea npoaBaeniaxT,, cocTai¡aaioin,HXT, neo(>- xo,T,HMoe ycaoBie BcaKoü acHBoft Hapo^nocTH. Mu paayutteMT, iio^t, othmb: er.oííoay ntpoHcnoatânia, o({xJ>HniaaT,Hoe ynoTpeóaenie napo^naro a:iui;a bt, ataaxT, BHyTpenHaro ynpaBaeHia h CBoeofipaanocTi. rpaatâncKaro fíu'ra.

(22)

2 COBPEMEHHHË O EBE MT» H oaBC K A rO B01IP0CA.

H3b Toro ace (¡paiera BHTeKaeTB caMo co6ok> h ppyroe nocat/panie. IIo- aara, boh Ma cBoefi HapioHajiBHOCTH, He MoryTB TpeóoBaTB He toabko nop- HHHeHia ce6i Kaicon-ando ppyroË HapopHOCTH, ho /place KaKOË-anôo cb ea CTopoHH ycTynKH, h HOTOMy npHTa3aHÍa IIojii.ckoh iiapionajn.nocni ne //ojdkhm npocTHpaTBca paaie npepiaoBB ea <J>aKTHHecKaro rocnopcTBa. Bt»

9TOMB OTHOHieHin, üojuikh, Cepóu, Bojirape, lIexH, coBepmeHHO paBHO- npaBHU. Botb Bce, tto oupaB/cunaeTca HapopHOCTBio, Bce, aero moschobo HMa ea TpeóoBaTB, h3aKOHHua rpaiiHupu othxb Tpedopaiiiii. Ho H3bíctho a to npHTa3aHÍa IIojihkobb othmb ne ypoBaeTBopaiOTca. Hoannia, roBopaTB OHH, poaacna öhtb caMOCToaTeaBHHMB rocypapcTBOMB; eft Hyaena uoanaa HOAHTnaecKaa He3aBHCHMOCTb. 9to, oTB’íiaaeMB mbt, ppyroË BonpocB, u an ppyraa CTopoHa oóiparo noaBCKaro Bonpoca. Kb anea y cywecmeemo— ue-

oÔxoduMuxv u HconmeMACHHUxb HpHHapaeacHOCTeË Bcaicoft hchboh, npasnaH- HOH HapOßHOCTH, MH He OTHOCHMB HOaHTHHeCKOH CKMOCTOilTCaI,HOC.TM, nO- TOMy kto xoTH HapopHOCTB h rocypapcTBeHHaa (Jio{)Ma— /i,Ba aBaeHia tícho Meacpy c 06010 cBa3aHHua, opnąko nepBoe He oöycaoBaHBaeTB codoio neoo- XO/ÍHMOCTH BTOpOH. HhBIMH CAOBaMHC BB OCHOBÍ CaMOCTOilTeaBHaPO rocy- //apcTBa Bcerpa aeacHTB HapopHaa craxia 6oaie naw MeHie piaBHaa, cocTaBaaioupia KaKB 6h appo ero, u rocypapcTBeHHaa <|>opMa cayacHTB ophhmb H3B npoaBaemË otoh cthxím, ea npepcraBHTeaBCTBOMB ad extra; ho 3TO eme He /pictb npaBa kb oöparaoMy npepnoaoaceHiio; h6o He Bcanaa Hapo/ÍHOCTB, H He BO BCHKVK) OIIOXV CBOerO CymeCTBOBauiil cnocoÖHa 06- aeaBca bb (jiopMy caMOCToaTeaBHaro rocypapcTBa. Ha otohvhchbi, CBepxB Toro, ppy i’ia, oaeHB pa3HOo6pa3HBra ycaoBia, KOTopua MoryTB 6htb h He 6htb. Ectb p ia n a naeMeHa, eme He pocTHriuia, Moacei’B 6bitb, h HeHMi.io- mia HHKor.ua aocTHruyTB toh CTeuenn apiaocTH, npit icoTopoft caMOCToa- TeaBHoe rocypapcTBeHHoe ycTpoËcTBO cTaHOBHTca bosmoskhhmb; na oöopoTB, ecTB napopu nepeacHBinie cbok) noaHTHaecicyio caMOCToaTeaBHOCTB; ecTB MeaKie, 3aTonaeHHBie ayacpuMH hmb HapopHOCTiiMH, ocKoaicH jkhbijxb iiae- MeHB, KOTopBiMB HepocTyuna rocypapcTBcnnaa ijiopMa no hxb ancaHTeaB- Hoft He3HaaHTeaBH0CTH; ecTB rocypapcTBa Kpimcia h cMBHBia, odpaooaaB- miaca hob híckoabkhxb, XHMHaecKH cpopHHBHiHxca napopmjXB cthxíh; aame ace Bcero BcrpiaaeMB mh rocypapcTBa, BKipadoTaimua npeHMyme- CTBeHHo 0/1.H0K) HapopHOio CHaoK) h BB KOTopHXB oTa CHaa npeo6aa/i,aeTB; HO BB COCTaB']’, TÍXB HCe HOaHTHaeCKHXB OpraHH3MOBB MU BHflHMB ppyria, HosaHHeHHBia napionaai.nocTH, npH3HaHHHa HaH HenpH3HaHHBia h noaB- oyiomiaca doaBiiiero nan MeHBrae») CTeneHBio rpaacpancKOH caMOCTOaTeaB- HOCTH. H TaKB, cb 0/I.H0H CToponu, HapioHaaBHaa ocodeHiiocTE caMa no

ce6n> eme He onpaBpuBaeTB npHTasaHia Ha iioaHTHaecicyio caMOCToaToai»- hoctb; cb apyroH, caoacHBHieeca rocypapcTBo He MoaceTB 6htb paocMBTpn- BaeMO UCKAWHIWICMHO, KaKB oßaHICB TOË HaH apyi’OH HapOpHOCTH.

Kaacpnii noaHTHHecKÍH opraHH3MB, KaKB HpoayKTB caoacHaro hctoph- necicaro paoBHTia, hmíotb pa3Hoo6pa3HBia noTpeÖHOCTH h ycaoBia npoanaro

(23)

K). Camaphhb. 3

cymecTiíoiuiiníi, BHTeKaromia He HenocpeacTBeHHO h3b npHpo^H Toro uae- MeHH, KOTOpOMy OHB CÆyjKHTB lipe^CTaBHTeJIbCTBOMT,, a H3B HHTepeCOBB ero, Kalit »HBaro aiaTeaa, aaiuiBiiraro bt> HCTopin H3BÍCTHoe mícto h

BHHOJIHHK)Hl,arO BT> Heft CBOe HpH3BaHÍe. Kb HHCJiy TaKOBHXB OTHOCHTCH, HanpHMiipb: odaaaanie mopckhmb óeperoMB, cBodoaa Buiumaro coHTa u iipiißosa, ecTecTBCHiiaH 3aMKHyTocTb bb CTpaTerHHecKOMt OTHomeHÍH Ha- aeatnuxB rpaHHu,T> h t. a. Ecan o hcmb rreiiepi> He mojkgtb óhtb h CHopa, npH3HaHÍe HapoßHOCTH eme He oóa3HBaeTB kb npH3HaHÍio 3a Hero npaBa Ha Ho.iHTH'iecKVio He3aBHCMMOCTt, h ecjiH neabsa TpedoBaTb, htoóh iipe^'Liu Kaat^aro rocyaapcTBa bb tohhocth coBuaaaan cb TeppnTopiaab- hhmb pa3MÍui,eHÍeMB npeoójiajaiomeń bb He>iB Hapo^HOCTH, tomh aoaatHH CTaBHTb BOnpOCB 0 IÍOJIbCKOMB COCyaapCTB'L, KaKB BOnpOCB CaMOCTOHTCJIb-HHH, He cHHBaa ero cb bohpocomb o Hapo^HOCTH.

[loabHia 6uaa h nepecTaaa 6htb rocyaapcTBOMB. OHa hmíctb 6ora- Ty» IIO.THTH’ieCKyiO HCTOpilO, BB KOTOpoft MH BH^HMB 9HOXH B03p05K,3,eHÍH,

B03pacTaHÍa, MorymecTBa, yna^Ka h pa3aoateHÍa. Mobíctbóhtb, hh o^ho H3B HOBMmHXB TOCy^apCTBB He HCHHTaJIO TaKHXB npeBpaTHOCTeií, Ta- Koro ílucrparo ¡laaiimpcuia, h oannaKOBo ÓHCTparo ctíchchíh cbohxb npe;t,f>JiOBB. B n a o ace BpeMH icor^a Hoabina Baaabaa Phtoio, .ĘampiroitB, 3HaHHTeabHoio aacTbio EaaTiñcKaro noMopba, Bceio 3ana^HOio Poccieio,

co BKjno'ienieMB CMoaeHcita, yapaftHOio o64hxb cTopoHB ^Hiupa, h Paan- n,ieio. Bce oto yrpaneno. CnpaniHBaeTca: o Kaicoñ me IIo.ibhtŁ Tenepb H^eTB pian, h bb itaKHXB rpaHHH,axB TpeöyeTca ea BOscTaiiOBaeme?

Ho sto oöbiKHOBenno OTBÍaaiOTB: TpeöyeTca B03CTaii0BaeHÍe Hoabimi bb ea ucmopuuecKUXT) ipammaxh. Ho KaKia æe, cnpanniBaeTe bh OHaTB, rpaUHD,H CHHTaTb HCTOpHHeCKHMH, KaiíÍH He HCTOpHHeCKHMH: rpaHHH,H EoaecaaBa an xpaóparo, Ka3HMipa, BaTopia, am CTamicaaBa ÂBrycTa? Ha itaicoMB hmchho roa'L, m’Lchií'L h anca P saKomnaacb, no mhíhíio HoaaicoBB, a odopiïajiacb hxb noanTHuccKaa ncTopia?

IIojhkh (ne.ib3a ne OT,a;aTb hmb 9toh cnpaBeaaHBOcra) no Kpaiineń Mip'ïi CBOHXB npHTH3aHÍH He TaHTB. OhH IipHMO SaHBJIHIOTB, HTO l'OCy- AapcTBO, 3aKa»HeHHoe bb tíchhxb iipea’baaxB noabCKOft HapoßHOCTH, t. e. toü TeppuTopiii, bb KOTopoft Tncaeunoe nepBeHCTBO M'LcTHaro napoao- Haceaema ocTaeTca 3a hhmh, npocTO Ha npocTO He mhcxhmo. Bo nepBHXB,

9THXB npe^taoBB reorpa^HaecKH onpeaiaHTb Heabaa; rpaHHH,H Han,ioHaab- HOCTefi ïïoabcicoft, PycHHCKoft, BbaopyccKoft, JIhtobckoh h HŁmchkoh cTynieBaaHCb bb HeyaoBiiMHXB OTTÈHKaxB. B o btophxb, ecanÔB aaace n yaaaoci. onpe^’baHTb hxb, to TaKoe rocyaapcTBO, caanaennoe Poccieio, lipy crien h ÁBcrpieñ, noab30Baaocb 6h ToabKO nonnnaabHO nesaifflcHMOCTiio h HHKorßa 6h He Buxoatiao h3b BaccaabHHXB OTHoraeHifi kb cbohmb MoryaHMB cocli^aMB. HiaKB bb cTopoHy Hepa3p'fcinHMHH BonpocB o rocy- aapcTB'L Hohbckomb, KaitB HCKaroameabHOMB upeacTaBHTeabCTBÈ HoabCKoâ Hapoanon cthxíh; bmícto toto oraam e JÍHTBy, Bbaopycciio, Maaopocciio,

(24)

4 C oB l’ EMEHHUft OEEEME Co.lbCKArO BOHPOCA.

BHJibny, Topo^HO, Kobho, CMOaeHcra, KieBE h t. a- HoapoGhocth btoto HJiaHa H3BI.CTHH BC.t.ME.

Hv, a Poccia?— Tara HaouBaeMaa Poccia, OTBiaaiOTE nara, ire3a;i,yMU-

Baact noatcicie nyCfanpHCTH, t. e. MocitOBia, noc.Tis 9Toro BcryiiHTE Taieate

be cboh HCTopii'recKiii rpaHHipi, t. e. be t$, be kbkhxb eft cai;j;yera ohtb, be rpannu,i»T BpeMeHE HBaHa IT.

BcaKift pa3E, Kor,a;a npHxoAHTca 'nmiE, nan Ri.tcaymuRaTi, npeAno- aoatenia 061. HCTopHTecitHXE rpaHHn;axE Poccin h Uojiwijh, HaME npn-

xoahte na naMHTt aHeK^ora H3E BpejieHH nenocpeACTBenno iipe/uiiecTRo-

RaBHiaro ocBodoatAeniro KpecTRanT,. Oaxhi noTTennaa dapuna, npoatHBaBmaa

be MocKB'ft h noavaaBBiaa odpora H3E cTenHoft cBoeft botthhbi, craaa RawiaaTB, tto aoxoae ea Maao ho Jiaay yduBaaE Bcai^cTBie dwcTparo

B03pacTaHia Tara miRUBaoMUXE botthhhbixe pacxoAOBE, MeatAy npoTHME h Ha co^ep-iKanie abophh. BuTpedoBaBE ke cedi CBoero raai-.nai'o npH-

itanpKa, OHa npHHaaacB 3a no^podnyio peBH3iio kiihce 0 Myiti, itpyn'Ii

CToaoBOMT> 3anacf. h b'b hhxe nponaa, tto be aHBapi duao 0Tiiym,eH0

B3po3auME, bt. tomb Tucal; KOHOBaay UoaKKom 2 iryAa mykh. Eapilfta Bcnaeciiyaa pyKaMH: Kara h lIoaHTtymirl; 2 nyja? HoaHKymica bo B3poc-

auxE! Bh.xho y*T. oaern, Ha Moe de3naMaTCTB0 pa3CTHTHBaaH. Hoah- KyniKy a noMHio, ABaAftaiB pa3E na pyicaxE nocnaa, no rpudu bt. caAE nocnaaaa... IVIpyr. ohe bote icaitoft!—h dapuna pyitoft noMipnaa ote 3eMaH apTHHHE. IIpnitani.Hra craaE duao na bto B03paataTB, tto bto

oBiao ;puiHO be to Bpoia, Kor.ua IIoaHKymiia duaE MaxoHBKOft, a tto

Tenept eny 24-uft toae, tto ohe atenaTE, hm'I'.ctb Aivrefi h cxaaE vate

B3pocaBiME noaHKGOME; ho dapuna npiimaa be aaapTE, ce cepAfteME

TsepAHaa, tto bhaho ee xothte pasopHTB, tto bcI. Kara dyAxo croBopn- aiiCB pacTii h mhojkhtbch, a eft o.ynoft bhaho yduoaTB ah jiaaiiTBca h

KOHHiiaa CTponiMT. npiiKaiiOME, MTodu BiiperT,B BToro He dHao. Ona He TH- ■raaa noaBCKHXE nydaHii;iicTOBE, a ne xyace hxe onpe^iaaaa B03pacTE

CBoero noaHKyniKH de3E ea Bi^ojia h coimoaema Bupocinaro be pf.aaro

IIoanKea.

Ho odpaTHMca ke af.ay. Mh bhaIjah, tto aah BOBCTanoBaema npo'i- uoft, noaiithtcckoft ne3aBHCHM0CTH lloaBHin, neodxoaiiMO npHnecTH eft be

acepTBy oicoao TpexE cenoaoBiraoio jkhbbixe napo;i.nooTeft, OTaHTaiom,nxca OTE HOabCKOft a3HK0ME, B^pOHCnOBi^aHieME, OdunaaMH, U’l’.aiJME CKaaAOME odmecTBeHHoft a;ii3ini h raydoiio eft BpajK^ednuxE uo b cI.mt. HCTopiiTe-

ckhme hxe Hpe^aHiaME. Bote i;yaa mu sarnan, iicxoaa hre na'iaaa o HoanoupaBiH HapoAHOCTefi h caiaya no iniTaME 3a noaBCKiiMH

nydan-HHCTaMii!

Ho ohh nacE npepuBaioTE h roBopaTE: „3a t!,me ate be atepTBy? Mu Bonce ne TpedyeME atepTBE. Mu ne Annie MocKaaH h ue KOBapnue hPm-

pu. Mu HHKOro ne AynaeME yrneTaTB, a nanpoTHBE bc'1'.me de3E pa3an- nia irpeAOCTaBHMB uoaHyio CBodoAy pauBMTia. Mbi aaate He yMf.eME

(25)

yrHe-K). Ca m a p h h í. 5

TaTb h yiiaxcenie ai, ayaeran. npanaMi, ^.aæe immnnee h aoBeaemioe æo

Bail nenia HauiHXi coócTBeHHHXí HHTepecoBi, fíuao iipninnoio namero na- Aenia. Y nací, ne normano, pyiiH no^ainm. manie y MaTeacmixi Ko:ia- Koii'ii h HHTpnranoii'b-^HCCH.neHTOK'b. R’i. ri; Caiaua npcMena rpyôaro na- enaia n^eaa’r» n a n , npe;i,iincHiiaBiinfica k î coatanimiio ne Mort ocyme- cTiiHTi.ca n mh 3a Hero nonaaïnanci.; no mh ne pa.3CTaaHCB ci. hhmi. h npn n3MÍ>nHBinnxca oócToaTeai.cTiutxi, AoicaaceMi na j i a i , uto a n a iim , jib- (joishhh cohmí iracMenn. ocnonanHun na uo.ihom'i. paBcucTirt upairo n Ha neorpairniennoft BipoTepnHMOCTH.

lioMy cayiaaoci. cxoæhtbcîi óamiao ci, 0<5pa30BaHHMMH IIoaaaiiMH n kto cicoai.KO iinóy,T,L BHaKOM'L c i n xi. cOBpeMeHHOfo aHTepai’ypon. totí ne cia- HeT'í. ocnapnBaib, n o ayimie hsí hhxí roBopan. .oto coBepmenHO hc- apenno, oÓMaHHBaa He apynixí, a cairaxi ceda. Bí to *e iipeMa KOMy nensBÍCTHO, n o oto BceupnMnpaiom,aa .hoúobb, Boaneênnaa Ha cTenem. uoaimtiecaaro opraHH3Ma, yacraaeTca Ha iipaaTnid; cí cainoio cvpoBOK» uaniouaaBHOio n peanrio3Hoio ncKaioinTeai.HOCTiio ci> caMHMi ;i,ep3KHMi., anorta ôxoaainiiMi. a,o Cíe3c03iiaTc:iLnocTH nocaraTeancTBOMi. na ayacyio napoiHOCTi, h irlipy. Ho CBHa'fneai.cTBy (JesnpHCTpacTHMniHXi noai.cHitxí HCTopnKOBi h iiyóauuHcTOBi, ,hbí> npH'iHHH crvíman hxí poÆHHy: iioai.cKÜi L’oiiop'i, ne Mnpnaca cí MHcai.io o paBHonpaBHOCTH diaopyccoBí h aaao- poccianí ci. noaaKaMH, a iesynaiMi hc mopí ôiiyciim. paÔMi cí co- 6on upaBOcaaBHon n,epaBH. Bí otomi, otuoiiichíh yMyapnaHCB an imanan OIIHTOM’B B'liKOBÍ H B03^,'IlHCTB0Baa0 3H CKOai.KO HHl-)y,T,l, HCTOpH'ieCKOe CO- Biianie, ;¡,oui.iToe TpyâMH nayan Ha hxt> uaxypy, na ea auiBue HHCTHHa™ n noóy;a;i,eHÍaV Ha ototí iioirpoci. ne moíkctí iIijti. ;i,Byxi. otbíitobí. Kí coBpeMeHHHMi uoinaaMi. nprniÍHaeica b í iioanoit cita-I; iipnroBopí, upo- H3iieceHHHH ‘I’pannieK) ua;i,í bmnrpanaMn, BepHyBiuiiMiica Ha jio;i,iiny cí CTapmeK) aníden BypóoHOBí: „ils n’ont rien appris et n’ont rien onbliè pendant l’exil“. Btoóh yóí,;i,HTi>ca b í 9tomî aocTaTomo bchomhhtb 06- pai’L xldicTisifi BoiaaaoBi, coBpeMeHnaro amnaeriia na HapcTirl; Hoibchomî,

bb B’i'.aopyccin n JIhtb’Ê, iipoóí.iKan. aiodoe Bo:«Banie, B3aToe Ha BH^epatay

nsi. anidara .X raierB, HSâBaeMHxi. tiihhhmí upaunTeaBCTBOMB, npnnoM- hhtb 9Ty (Îe.iHone’inyio npoiiecciio sapfaannHXi, ]ioid',inenHi.ixi>, OTpaBaen- iiuxî, naypojiOBaHHHX’B, iiOTanyiniiyioca nasaî, Boupean xoiy ncTopin ii3’B BTopon uoaoBHHH XIX ct. in, canyio rayÓB XYI n XYII c. c. icb TOMHHMi BpeMeHaMi Aai.ÔH h TopaiieMaiai. Ho ecan 9Toro Mano, nan ecan ns^ynaiOTi HpunncHBaTB apoBaBHa oprin HOBCTaHpeBi æMctbîk) pacnaaeHHHXi cxpacieri, to nailayTca n apyraro pori,a yanaii b í nbaoii anTepaiypt. n b í Taai na3Hnaemhxi. Miipmjxi MamojiecTaniaxi, He ro- Bopa o paaiKaaoBanin Bcero Beanaopyccaaro naeueHH b í aaayro-TO tiomícb ({»hhckoh apoBH c i TaTapcaoK), hh o ntaoMi paî nonuToai Bo^py.iHTB aaTHHcain a3HKí Ha mícto npaBOcaaBHaro apecTa; aocraTOino bchomhhtb, mto ropcTB noaaaoBi, aoTopuxi pyccaie ihthkh o^hh cnacaiOTi otî to

(26)

-6 COBFEMEHFIHH OBT.EMT. IIojIbCK ArO BOHPOCA.

nopoBT. KpecTtaH'B iie/uumo noflaBaaa irpoci.flu o6t> OTiiHcanin Bceft ITo^o- ain kT> Ho.ibmli. A eiu,e Bce :rro’ tojibko hohhtkh h iia'iHiiaiiiii; ho ho

IipOrpaMM'È MOJKHO GyflHTB O TOMT>, BT. KaKOH M’fcp'li IIoaaKH pacnoaoateHU H chocoôhu iioiniTi, h yBaacaTB npaBa bchicoh ayæoft napo^HOCTH

min

BÎipH. HpOCTOH Hapoa'b, B'IlpUHIÏ XpaHHTO.TI. TOH H flpyPOH, HOHHJIT, 3T0 OeaOHIMÎOHHO.

M TaKT. ofem eaenie aaKoiniuxi. npaBT. noaBCKoit Hapo^HOcra, no yéPac- AeHiiO noaaicoBT., TpedyeTT. neupcMinno B03CTaH0Baema üojibhih KaKT. ro- cyâpcTBa, a noatcKoe rocyâpcTBO no hxb æe caoBaMT. HeMucaHMO istrfe H3BicTHHXT> ycaOBift, ,3, a H ÔCTHJKeHÎÆ KOTOpHXT. HÎiCKOaBKO ÎKHBHXT. Ha- po'UiocTen AOJiatHH 6i,itb npHHeceHH Ha acepTBy itoubckok: hhbimh caoBaMH:

bt. OTnaaTV 3a pa3uaeHeHie IIohbhim (démembrement), EBpona npHSHBaeTca Tenepn kt. pa3aaeHeHiK> Pocciu. CnpaniHBae'rca pa;i,n nero h bohmh aero?

Ct. othm'b c.tobomt. mbi nepexo^HMT. kt. Tpei’BeMy sonpocy. üoaBnia, rOBOpHTT. HaMT., 9T0 He TO, 'ITO KaKâH-HIldy,11B ;tpyraa BÎjTBB OOIHCCTaBiIHCKOH ceMBH, BexHKopyccKaa h h doarapcKaa, a ropa3,a;o doa&e. 9to coan caa- BflHCTBa, noAAepacHBaiomaa bb hcmt. jkh3hb h oxpaHiuom,aa ero otb Taf>- iiia; 9to odpaBOBaïe.iT.naa 3aKBacKa, opouiennaa bb doraryio, ho Heno^,- BHJKHyio CTHxiio. 9to uepeÆOBaa Apyncmia caaBHHCTBa, BaeKymaa 3a co- dofi ipbaoc h.ic'mîi K'b itpocBÎ,nr,eHiio h cbooo;i,î,. Ctea jKnaa h iKmbott. ne ,a,aa o^hoh céda; He naarroaiodie h He cTpacTB kt. BaBoeBaniaMT., a hcto- pM'iecKoe en npH3Banie ney^epacHMO bhhochtt. ee ÆaaeKO 3a npeaPaBi ea HanionaaBHOCTH; KOiypi eft iioaTunaioTca apyria naeMeHa, hto He Hacnaie, a ecTecTBenHHH ijiaKTï, nocTeneHHaro osapema HHBMtimocT eft t'Iimt. canBiMT, CB'IiTOMB, ItaKHMT. H’IlCKO.TBKO paHBHie OXBa'HMIU 6 BUT H BepfflHHBi; OTO UO- d’I'aa cBÈTa na^T. MpaKOM’i,. Kto ace hojiojkhtt. npe^ijai. pacHpocTpaHeniio CB'IiTa H KTO pimiHTCH 3aitpilIHTB UpaBOMT. MepTBOe papCTBO TBMBI?

OcTy;i,HB'B 3T0TT. 'aupHBMT., BHCOKO HOBTHHeCKift y MHU.KeBH’ia H £0-

xo;i,aui,ii[ ao K0MH3Jia y ^kokhhhwxt. HHca'reaeft, mu noayiHMï. cafi^yiomee

oupe^Êaenie IIojibihh, aaiiuoe oæhhmbhst. coBpeMeHHHXi. ea iiydannHCTOin. MHpocaaBCKHMT., h aoBO.iBiio BipHO BBipaiKaioirp'o, ci. ero totkh spf.tiia,

HCTopuaecKoe ea upHBBanie bt. OTUonieuin ict. CaaBaHCKHMT. HaeaenaMT., oi'paiiH’iHBaJomHMT. ee ct. IDro-BocToiia, h kt. I'ini c ko - I’e pa a uckomy aipy,

orpaHHHHBaiomeMy ee ct. CiBepo-3aua;i,a: la Pologne est une modification

du Slavisme par l’éducation latine, en concurrence au slavisme grec et oriental des tribus danubiennes, de la Moscovie et de la Ruthènie. IIo uameMy, oto 3na>nrrB: Iloai.ma— 3to ocTpuii KamiT. BornanHUH JlaTHH-

ctbojit. bt. canyio ccpaneBuuy CaaBancKaro nipa ct. ii/babio pacicoaoTB ero bt. ui,enu.

PaydoKaa HecoBjricTHOCTB h neiipuMiipnmoctb JlaTHHCTBa ct. CaaBaH-

ctbomt. aoKasana HCTopiiaecKiiMT. ohutomt, bIjkobï., xoth y HacT. MHorie He pimaiOTca eui,e npictHBTB ee.

(27)

7

K ). Ca m a puní».

Bcer,a,a h Bea/pk, uíjmb ;i,o(>poBoaBH'íie h HCKpeHHie JlaTHHCTBO npHHH- Ma.ioci, CjiaBHiicKoio ii]mpo,1,010, uPmb rayóace oho BBÍ,a;aaocb bb Hee, tPmb ÓHCTpie, no;pi. BaiamoMB ototo TOHKaro h BceupoHhaaK)m;aro a;i,a, OHa uaxaa, pasaaraaacB h PH(>aa. Hh o;i,ho hsb naeMenB CaaBHHCKHXB He OTAaisajio ce6a Ha cayacóy JlaTHHCTBV thkb 6e.33aBÍTHO, icaicB lIoai.c.Koe. Hexia B03CTaaa npoTHBB aero, 'ipeóya /pin bcIixb HpioíimeHia hsb uanra;

9TO 61.un. lipOTeCT'B He UpOTHB’B OJl.HHX'B 3.10yiI0TpeÓaeilÍH JíaTHHCTBa, a npoTHB'B caMoro ;i,yxa ero. ^I/fao nuo o cnaceHÍH híjichocthCaaBHHCKoft ooipunu, bb itoTopyio JíaTHHCTBO bhoch.io KopeHHoe paa^BOíoiie, h mo- 3C6TB OIJTB nHKOI'/pa HH O^HHB HCTOpHUeCKÍH CHMBOaB He BUpajIta.l'B TaK'B n09TH>ieCKH H B'íipHO COBOItyHHOCTH flyXOBHBIXB H’peoOHílITÍft, BBIBBaBIHHXB ero, icam.

cBaxaa uarna

bb pyK'íi ryccHTOBB. E^na-an He aaosiy bh-

coKOMy npoTecry h caE^OBaBineñ :¡a hhmb rHranTCKofi óopi.óí., b i, koto-

poft OHa iipo.in.ia c 11010 icpoBC, odaaana Mexia cnaceiiieMB cnoeít Ha- pO^HOCTH.

IlaeMeira, HM'I'.iom,¡a 3a coóoio Tama BociiOMMuaiiia, khkb ryccHTeidíí irO^BOM’l,, He BBIMHpa»T,B H Ü'B HCJplBHCMB CBOeMT. B03p0®^eH¡H KB HOBBIMB HCTopHHecKHM'B cy,a,B6aMB, Hexia noayunaa Harpa;i,y sa cbohxb bc.ihkhxb My'leiiHKOB'B XY Bina. He tímb nyaein. maa Iloacma. Mh o6pan;aeMca kb c!iH;píiTeaBCTBy ea eofícTBemiBixa. hctophkobb h nyo.inHHcToin, hobM - nxaro BpeMeHH. O^hhb roBopHTB naMi.: HCTopia IIojibiiih npeflCTaBaaerb 6opBÓy CaaBHHCKoñ napo^Hoñ cthxíh cb JlaTHHCKHMB 11 pocnliThTeabhbimb iiaaaaOMB, ri,pyroM ^oroBapHBaeTB: h noubmcy homhphtb hxb c;pIiaicoio; ;pi, npHfíaBaaeTB Tpei’ifi, no hojibiih ne C03HaxBca, uto bchkíh pa:¡B, Koiypu JlaTHHCTBO Cipa a o nepeB'hcB, 3BÍ3,a;a IIoaBHiH (úrlyuríiaa h racaa. Bb X bIikí., khkb ToaBKO OHa bb aHipt MeHHcaaBa, npiicaiayaa PHMy, BHyTpenuHa JKH3HB ea Hauaaa nepecTpaHBaTBca 110 3anaflHO-EBponeHcicoH uporpaMMl;; ApeBHaa ofím,Hiia OTO^BHHyaacB Ha :sa;i,HÍH naauB, a iiiieptypf. Bijcayunao cocaoBie, MoiKaaonaiiHoe bb apHCTOKpaTiro; ropo;pa i(ij;p['.an;iMcr. H3B aeMCTBa h bb caMHa ceaa npoHHKaa I'epMaHCKaa KoaoHHsaitfa; e^HHOBpeMeHHO oxBaraaa nena 10 HoaBCKyio cíjtb npHBHaerift, hbbhtíh h abroTB paapyniHB- hihxb npeiKHioio n'IiaBHOCTB Hapo^Haro ÓHTa; itotomb, MaaonoMaay, m'Í.ct- naa mchbhb Baaaa cBoe; JíaToncicaa TepMHiioaoria h i.r (J»eo;paaM3Ma yniaiiaH Ha noBepxHocTH ea, no iioab hhmh h hmb na nepeKopi., napo^- HBce aaeMenTU cóanaanjincr., ono3HaancB h ycrpojuniei. bb totb cBoe-

ofipaaHHH cKaa;i,B, KOToparo nepBBia ouep'raHia coxpaiiHancB bb Bacaun,- komb CTaTyTt; npaBjpi, uto ototb cuaa^B yace neoxBaxBiBaaB Bcefi Hapin. Bh(’. ero ocTaaacB Bca Macea upocTOHapo^ioi, naBccrAa oc’I.Binaa no^B i’HeTOMB JíaTHHCTBa; ho no Epannefi M'í.ji'í., bb BepXHHXB caoaxB ortinecraa, pB'taa Kp'linKaa Hau,ioHaaBHaa acnam.. 9totb H('OJKh;puüibih npopocTT. CaaBaHCKOíí cthxíh ckbo3B ;i,BOHHyio CT’isHy nepicoBHaro h (Jieo^aannaro JíaTHHCTBa, aa icoTojiyio OHa (juaa ¡¡aMypaBaena, coBuajpaeTB ob ayunieio oiioxoio IIoaBiiiH, h—caíi^yeTB npnoaBicn.—oKoao Toro ace BpeMeHH OHa

(28)

8 CoBPEMEHHHH OBIEM I. Ho.II.CKA TO BOHPOCA.

na‘Eu a xJia^’i>TL kt, JlaTHHCTBy h Beatka. aa tŁma>, Ha /pd; TpeTH, nepe- Aanaoi. npoTecTaHCTBy. Ho Ha otoatb CKaT’Ł OHa BCTpI.THaa oraopa.. Ca. Banasa ;i,BHiiy.ioci. na nee onoaneme ieaynTOBa., KOTopue btophhho 3a- iioeBaau ee, mara. .aa marona., ;i,OBepiiiH:in ne .ąojpfcjiaHHoe aa. X h XI

BhKaxa., to ecTt, oKoiiaaTCJiiaio [ipHKpt.iiH.m ee lta. no^Hoatiio nancKaro npecToaa h iiphbhjih Ka. Heń ;i,yxa. caMoii cypoBoft HeTepuuMocTH. Ca. otopo BpcMeim, Bucmee cocaoBie OKOiiaaT(‘ai.HO ¡¡aMKnyaoci. aa. ce6I> caMOMa. m paaÓHjioci, Ha naprin; HaaajiHci. ronenia na uHopoAipma. h unoBlipneiia, h HaKOHepa. Ilojii.ma naaa atepTBOio bhŁhihhpo BMt.inaTejii.cTP.a, BH:maH- Haro ea BHyTpeHHHMa. pasjioaceHieMa,. HTaKa. Iloai.ma OTÓHBaaacB ott>

JlaTHHCTBa, h, no apeMeiiaMa., KaKa, oy/pro OAoalataaa ero. BoTa. ayamee,

a to Moran marne ar, H3a> ea HCTopiH coScTBeHHHe ea haHerHpHCTU. II ocal. Tanoił HcnoB'I;;i,n, tto citaateTa. KaK)m,ifica? Koneano, bh at^eTe ott. Hero oapeoenia ott. JlaTHHCTBa h TBep;i,aro oóiiTa Ha Bcer^a HOBepHyTBca kt. HeMy chhhok)? Hh ayTB He óuiiaao. OHa. saKaHHHBaeTa. cboiocKopónyto hobIictb uoBTopeHieMa. CTapoft upncarn MeancaaBa; ona. btophhhootahctt.

JlaTHHCTBy cboio Ha MHHyTy KaKa. Cm upocBliTalmmyio ;i,ymy, h, bo hmh Boai.HOH Kaóaau cboch, ofipamacra. liaopa, Ha Banasa., npoca cocapa^ania h noMOipH. Ona. roBopHTa. Eoponi,: „sacTyuHd. 3a Mena h, irhptiuH Te6Ł cayra, a CTaHy Ha CTpaadł htoot. orpa^HTi. Telia orra> ahkoh chah, no- poatAeHHOH coaeTaiucTa. Boctohhoh cxh3mh ca. MoHroai.cKiiMa. Aecno- TH3MOMa>; pasBaiKH mhIi pyKH h Bpara. Haiua, HCieaneTa. KaKa, npjispaKa.;

Boctokt. Erpoiiu óy/pyra, tboh h a caMa. noTaiiy Ka. Teóii mohxt> citoBaH- HBtxa> 6paTi.eBa.“ . Ba. otojpb oćwliirl; ycayra., na. otoh HOApasyMlmaeMOH HCTopHaecKoił c/plmidi, KOTopoft ocHonaHia iioaoiKCHu ba. X Bind;—pa.ara;i,Ka coayBCTBia IIojmkoba, ka. BanaAHOH EBpomŁ hoopaaaiaro coayBCTBUi Ebpoiih Ka. IIoaaKaMa.. HasuBaftTe ero (je3C03naTeai,HUM3>. nepasyMiiUMa., uporaB- hijm'1. iiojihthhockhma. HHTepecana. nepBOCTCuenHiJxa. Acpacaca,; iiojiojkhma,—

hotEma. oho Aaa naca. BiiaMenaTeJBid.e.KaKa, upoaBaeHie rayooKaro hhcthhkth. BIiab HCTopHiecKiń tokt. iie BecB yMlnuaeTca bh, TpaKTaaaxa. h abiuomu- THHecKHxa> HOTaxa.. HoBTOpaeMa., ToaKyflTe oto coayBCTBie, KaKa. xoTHTe, ho He npeHeiperaiiTe hma. h HeoTpHH,aiiTe ero ohcbhahocth. Oho bij-

Kaai.iBaeTca (okoahcbuo m HOBceMlicTHO. Mu pasiiepTUBaeMA, nocni,Aiiin A? „Mockobckhxa> BIiAOMOcreił“ h HHTaeMa. Ba.neMa, iioat. pyópHKOio „Haaaia“: Ero CBaTeflmecTBy JKcaaTejiBiio, hto6h bc’Ł ocoitenno Moananci, o Iloai.url;... KaTo.iHaecKaa Ilojii.uia cayatHTa. onaoTOMa, npoTHBa. namecTBia epecw... HyatHO MoaHTi.ca, MTOila. OHa, He m.3M'I;hhh CBoeMy xapaKTepy, ocniBajiaci. BipHOio AamioMy eił ott. Bora HaaHaaeiiiK) h coxpaHaaa HenpHKOCHOBeH- hhmt. KaTOjiHaecKoe 3iiaMa“ . Oto roaoca, H3a. JaraHCKaro nipa; h bott, Apyron roaoca., H3a. AuraiH, roaoca, 9konoMUcma, paayMirŁńiiiaro Koireano HeiiOAHyiuieunaro opraHa iipoMBinuien[iijxt> HHTepecoBa., npHTOMa. opraHa pimHTeai,HO oTBepraiomaro BcaKoe BM'IiuiaTeai.CTBO Aurain Ba. jp-fijra IIoai.niH: „He CMOTpa na noHanHCTi. kt. PyccKoft THpaniH h na coayBCTBie

(29)

TO. Ca m a p h h t> 9 K'b CTpa^aHÍaMTj lIojiaKOBb, iuim’i. KaaceTca HeB03MomHHMb uto jihóo iihx'Ii c^ijiaTb“ . Taaiixb nuaBaeniíi mojkho óh npHBecTH thchth.

He CMOTpa Ha to, im o rie y Hacb Bce eui,e ícaKb óy’cro He p'fcuiaioTca npHanaTb orpomnaro, Bb coBpeMeHHOMb HojibCKOMb Bonpocii, anaTcnia

t w M H W M a , Kaitb BOopymeHHoñ nponaraH^bi JaTHHCTisa. „ Hto HaM'b ao

B'bp(iHci(()B'J;;i,aHÍa lloaaKOBbV cobo para, uajib. T a h,¡vMcTBHTe.ibHO-jiM ohh

TaKi. ycep^HU ítb cB oeí pepKBH? ^a h KOMy Bb EnponP Kanoe ’i'Ii.io ;i,o

3toh uepitBH h ;i,o iia n u , KOTopufi ne iibiHbue ra m , saBTpa yTpaTHTb cboio

MipcKyjo BJiacTb, to ecTb xapaKTepHCTH'iecKoe o'raMTie PhmckoS pepiumV“ O p a lin a s yaKOCTb iiaraa^a! 11 pernee Bcero saM'liTHMb, tto m h roBopMM'b lie o Phmckoh pepKBH bt, tPchomt, aoa'ieHie aTipoy Tenia h n,epitOBHO-rocy- ü,apcTBeimaro yapeac^enia, no o JlamuHcmen. 1 Io;i,b othmt, caoBaMb m h

noHHMaeM’b He oah'T, ^ oriiaTHiecicia h iepapxHTecKia ocoóeHHOCTH, koto- phiMii oMHnaeTca 3amiAHuft KaTO-THpHSMT,, uo no^paayM'I.BacM'b h Bce to,

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