Vehicle Automation: Overview of Challenges

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Vehicle Automation: Overview of

Challenges

Bart van Arem

Director TU Delft Transport Institute

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High Expectations

Comfort, quality of life Efficient travel Energy, emissions Economy Safety

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Two paths for deployment

Functional

Spatial

Driver support Partial automation High automation Full automation Dedicated roads Mixed traffic Operational speed High/full automation

Fundamental changes in driving

behaviour

Workload,

driving performance,

attention,

situation awareness

risk compensation,

Driver Vehicle Interface,

acceptance,

Driver in control

Vehicle in control

Driver supervision

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Potential impacts on traffic

Prevent traffic jams by better stability Solve traffic jams by

increased outflow

Better distribution of traffic over network

Less congestion delay Decreased throughput by larger headways Decreased stability by lack of anticipation Increased risk of congestion

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Car driving more attractive!

Partial automation

High automation

Full automation

Better comfort, Less accidents Less congestion

Travel time can partially be used for other purpose

Travel time can fully be used for other purposes

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Spatial implications

Functional

Spatial

Geometric redesign of roads and junctions

Increasing sprawl residential and employment locations

Redesign of urban, commercial, touristic areas

No on street parking

Concentration activities by better accessibility

Combinations with car sharing, electric driving

Huge investments in technology

Sensing

Communication

Positioning

Data fusion

Situation awareness

Trajectory predication

Cooperative control

Traffic management

Driver monitoring

Performance

Complexity

Security

Privacy

Liability

Failure modes

Weather conditions

Energy

Cost

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Vehicle Automation: Overview of Challenges