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#$%&'()*+, -.!,/0&1*$2$)(3,4%$561783 Psychologia Spo eczna2016 tom 11 3 (38) 267–283
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Norwegian Police University College at Oslo
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I]9RF,Igl]Yd_‘the disclosure by organization members (former or current) of illegal, immoral or illegitimate practices under the control of their employers, to persons or organizations that may be able to effect action\,T%@,XU@
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F<?7>A F,'38)6,$O,M$>620,*30,D668,>6N62$%6>,+$,(22HM(83+6,+*6, GH60+($8,$O,how,+*6,E*(0+26D2$E(8),%*68$M68$8,M38(O60+0, (+062O@,R3D26,.,T066,%3)6,<U,%'6068+0,3,0HMM3'&,$O,0(P,M$>620, O'$M,+*6,E*(0+26D2$E(8),2(+6'3+H'6@,R*6,first column,(8,R3D26, .,%'6068+0,3,M$>62,>6N62$%6>,D&,McLain and Keenan,T.<<<U, 38>,>601'(D60,*$E,38,6M%2$&66,138,1$M6,+$,+*6,1$812H0($8, +$,'6%$'+,3,%6'16(N6>,E'$8)>$(8),3+,E$'L@,F11$'>(8),+$, +*(0,+*'66,0+3)6>,M$>62S,E*(0+26D2$E(8),(0,(8(+(3+6>,D&, 38,observation,$O,38,31+,$',%'31+(16,+*3+,(0,%6'16(N6>,30, E'$8)@,R*68,+*6,E'$8)>$(8),38>,+*6,%$+68+(32,M$+(N3+($8, +$,31+,(0,assess6>,T0+3)6, i,JH>)6M68+U@,c6%68>(8),$8,*$E, +*6,E'$8)>$(8),(0,evaluated,38>,+*6,6M%2$&66\0,level of motivation,T6P(0+(8),$',8$8Z6P(0+(8)US,+*6,OH'+*6',%'$1600, 138,263>,+$,$86,$O,O(N6,>61(0($80@,Q86,$O,+*606,>61(0($80, (8,'623+($8,+$,+*6,JH>(1(32,%'$1600,E*(1*,'60H2+6>,(8,+*6,+E$,O$'M6', 1*(6O,6P61H+(N60,D6(8),1$8N(1+6>,38>,068+6816>,+$,06N68,&63'0,$O, (M%'(0$8M68+,T466,6@)@S,*++%?BB2$8>$8@+*60$H+*3O'(138@1$MB1$MMH8(+&B R*6Z'(0L0Z$OZ6P%$0(8)Z1$''H%+($8U@ (8N$2N60,>$(8),8$+*(8),T(831+($8US,E*(20+,38$+*6',(8N$2N60, joining in on,$',0H%%$'+(8),+*6,E'$8)>$(8)@,R*6,+*'66, '6M3(8(8),>61(0($80,322,(8N$2N6,+3L(8),0$M6,+&%6,$O,31+($8, T6@)@S,>('61+S,%'$16>H'32U@,c('61+,31+($8,(8N$2N60,+*3+,+*6, $D06'N6',*(M,$',*6'062O,0+$%0,+*6,E'$8)>$(8)S,E*(26,+*6, +E$,$+*6',+&%60,$O,31+($8,(8N$2N60,'6%$'+(8),(8,311$'>3816, E(+*,$',$H+0(>6,6P(0+(8),%'$16>H'60@ R*6,O’Day,T.<"WU,M$>62S,E*(1*,(0,%'6068+6>,(8,+*6, second column,$H+2(860,+*6,+E$,%*3060,$','631+($80,+*3+, M3&,O$22$E,after,38,31+($8,T(@6@S,E*(0+26D2$E(8)U,(0,M3>6@, F11$'>(8),+$,+*6,Q\c3&,M$>62S,+*6,O('0+,'631+($8,%*306, 1$80(0+0,$O,indirect nullification and isolation@,:H22(O(13+($8, (M%2(60,+*3+,+*6,6M%2$&66,(0,+$2>,+*3+,+*6,1$M%23(8+,(0, (8N32(>S,E*(26,0$1(32,(0$23+($8,68+3(20,+*3+,+*6,E*(0+26D2$E6', (0,*(8>6'6>,O'$M,M$D(2(0(8),0H%%$'+,D&,06%3'3+(8),*(M,$', *6',O'$M,+*6(','60%61+(N6,1$2263)H60@,R*6,061$8>,'631+($8, %*306,1$80(0+0,$O,+E$,O$'M32,+&%60,$O,'631+($80i,defamation and expulsion@,c6O3M3+($8,(0,E*68,+*6,E*(0+26D2$E6',(0, %6'0$8322&,3++31L6>@,dP%H20($8,M6380,+*3+,+*6,E*(0+26D2$E6', (0,O('6>@ R*6,+*('>,M$>62S,%'6068+6>,(8,+*6,third column,E30, >6N62$%6>,D&,Rosecrance,T.<;;U,3O+6',O(O+668,&63'0,$O, 6P%6'(6816,30,3,%'$D3+($8,$OO(16'@,F11$'>(8),+$,]$061'3816S, E*(0+26D2$E(8),(0,3,%'$1600,+*3+,+3L60,%2316,31'$00,O(N6, 0+3)60@,R*6,O('0+,0+3)6S,internal criticismS,1$816'80,*$E, 3,%6'16(N6>,E'$8)>$(8),(0,31+6>,$8,E(+*(8,+*6,$')38(03+($8@, R*6,061$8>,0+3)6S,intransigencyS,1$816'80,*$E,+*6,E*(0+26DZ 2$E6',38>,+*6,1$M%23(8+,'61(%(68+T0U,*$2>,>(00(M(23',$%(8($80, 3D$H+,+*6,'6%$'+6>,E'$8)>$(8),38>,86)3+(N6,%6'16%+($80, 3D$H+,$86,38$+*6'@,R*6,+*('>,0+3)6S,external disclosureS, (0,E*68,+*6,6M%2$&66,'6%$'+0,+$,0$M6$86,$H+0(>6,+*6, $')38(03+($8,D613H06,%'6N($H0,(8+6'832,'6%$'+0,*3N6,D668, H80H11600OH2@,R*6,86P+,0+3)6,1$816'80,reactions from the organisation,E*(1*,$O+68,066M,+$,3(M,3+,(0$23+(8),+*6, E*(0+26D2$E6'@,R*(0,O$H'+*,0+3)6,D63'0,'606MD23816,+$, +*6,(8>('61+,0+3)6,$O,(0$23+($8,(8,+*6,Q\c3&,T.<"WU,M$>62@, b$E6N6'S,$%%$06>,+$,+*6,23++6',M$>62S,]$061'3816,3')H60, +*3+,E*(0+26D2$E(8),13060S,O'$M,*(0,%$(8+,$O,N(6ES,68>0, E(+*,aftermath,T0+3)6,XU@,R*(0,O(O+*,0+3)6,(8,+*6,]$061'3816, M$>62,(0,E*68,+*6,E*(0+26D2$E6',(0,(8N$2H8+3'&,+'380O6''6>, $',%$+68+(322&,>6N62$%0,*632+*,%'$D26M0,38>,6N68+H322&,M3&, D61$M6,H86M%2$&6>@ R*6,Graham,T.<;!U,M$>62S,E*(1*,(0,%'6068+6>,(8,+*6, fourth column,D63'0,1263','606MD23816,+$,+*6,a1_3(8, 38>,Y66838,T.<<<U,M$>62,(8,+*3+,+*6,E*(0+26D2$E(8), %*68$M68$8,(0,300HM6>,+$,0+3'+,$OO,E(+*,38,6N32H3+($8, %'$1600,+*3+,1$80(0+0,$O,+*'66,0+3)60i,3E3'68600S,3++'(DH+($8, 38>,3,>61(0($8,T(@6@S,E*(0+26D2$E(8),$',8$+U@,F11$'>(8),+$, `'3*3MS,+*6,86P+,38>,O$H'+*,0+6%,(0,+*6,magnitude and nature, $O,+*6,'6%$'+,M3>6,T6@)@S,(8+6'832,$',6P+6'832U@,R*6,230+,38>, O(O+*,0+3)6,$O,+*6,`'3*3M,M$>62,1$816'80,+*6,reaction from, ,,Cb94R_dI_QC9:`?,F:Rd#dcd:R4,F:c,#Q:4dnhd:#d4,
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the organisation@,R*(0,0+3)6,(0,0(M(23',+$,+*6,>601'(%+($80, $O,%$+68+(32,'631+($80,+*3+,M3&,O$22$E,3O+6',+*6,'6%$'+,(8, +*6,M$>620,D&,Q\c3&,T.<"WU,38>,]$061'3816,T.<;;U@,C*3+, >(0+(8)H(0*60,+*6,230+,0+3)6,(8,`'3*3M\0,M$>62,O'$M,+*6, $+*6'0,(0,+*3+,(+,M3&,D6,>('61+6>,D$+*,3+,+*6,E*(0+26D2$E6', 38>,+*6,'6%$'+6>,E'$8)>$(8)@ 98,+*6,fifth column,38,$H+2(86,$O,+*6,1$M%'6*680(N6, [%'62(M(83'&,M$>62,$O,E*(0+26D2$E(8),38>,(+0,1$806GH68160\S, >6N62$%6>,D&,Miceli and Near,T.<< US,(0,%'6068+6>@,F1,Z 1$'>(8),+$,+*(0,M$>62S,E*(0+26D2$E(8),+3L60,%2316,32$8), 3,06GH6816,$O,five main stages?T.U,+*6,+'())6'(8),6N68+,T6@)@S,1$80(0+(8),$O,(226)(+(M3+6S, (MM$'32,$',(226)32,31+0,$',$M(00($80US,T U,+*6,>61(0($8, M3L(8),%'$1600,T6@)@S,E*6+*6',$',8$+,+$,D2$E,+*6,E*(0+26US T U,+*6,E*(0+26D2$E(8),$',8$+S TAU,+*6,'631+($80,O'$M,$+*6'0,T6@)@S,M6MD6'0,$O,+*6,$')3,Z 8(03+($8,38>,6P+6'832,%3'+(60US,38> TWU,+*6,6N32H3+($8,$O,+*6,$H+1$M6,T(@6@S,+*6,31+($80,+3L68, (8,'6)3'>0,+$,+*6,E'$8)>$(8),38>,+*6,E*(0+26D2$E6'U@ R*6,a(162(,38>,:63',M$>62,0*3'60,+*6,O(O+*,0+3)6S,E*(1*, >601'(D60,*$E,+*6,E*(0+26D2$E6',6N32H3+60,+*6,'631+($80, *6,$',0*6,*30,'616(N6>S,E(+*,+*6,`'3*3M,T.<;!U,M$>62@, F11$'>(8),+$,a(162(,38>,:63'S,+*6,E*(0+26D2$E(8),%'$1600,(0, >&83M(1S,30,0+3)60,.,+$,X,138,D6,'6%63+6>,(O,+*6,$H+1$M6,$O, +*6,'6%$'+,(0,8$+,%6'16(N6>,30,03+(0O31+$'&,D&,+*6,6M%2$&66, (8,GH60+($8@,R*(0,dynamic loop,(0,300HM6>,+$,D6,%3'+(1H23'2&, >6%68>68+,$8,+*6,$H+1$M6,$O,+*6,O(O+*,0+3)6S,E*(1*,1$816'80, *$E,+*6,E*(0+26D2$E6',6N32H3+60,+*6,6P%6'(6816>,'631+($80, +*3+,0H1166>6>,+*6,E*(0+26D2$E(8)@ R*6,86P+,M$>62,(8,R3D26,.,(0,>6N62$%6>,D&,Soeken, T.<;!S,066,1$2HM8,0(PUW,3O+6',+*6'3%&,E(+*,$N6',3,*H8>'6>, E*(0+26D2$E6'0@,R*6,M$>62,1$8+3(80,06N68,0+3)60,+*3+,E6'6, %'6068+,(8,M$0+,$O,+*6,13060,4$6L68,>632+,E(+*@,R$)6+*6', +*606,0+3)60,3'6,300HM6>,+$,(22H0+'3+6,38,H8>6'2&(8),%'$1600@, R*6,O('0+,+*'66,0+3)60S,E*(1*,1$80(0+0,$O,discoveryS,reflection, 38>,confrontationS,3'6,'3+*6',0(M(23',+$,+*6,0+3)60,>601'(D6>, (8,06N6'32,$O,+*6,%'6N($H02&,%'6068+6>,M$>620,T6@)@S,`'3*3MS, .<;!i,a1_3(8,^,Y66838S,.<<<U@,R*6,[1$8O'$8+3+($8\,0+3)6, (8,+*6,4$6L68,M$>62,320$,D63'0,0(M(23'(+(60,E(+*,0+3)60, T(8+6'832,1'(+(1(0M,38>,M3)8(+H>6,$O,+*6,'6%$'+U,(8,+*6, M$>620,D&,]$061'3816,T.<;;U,38>,`'3*3M,T.<;!U@,_(L6, 06N6'32,$O,+*6,$+*6',M$>620,T6@)@S,`'3*3MS,.<;!i,Q\c3&S, .<"Wi,]$061'3816S,.<;;US,+*6,86P+,0+3)6,(8,+*6,4$6L68,M$>62, 1$816'80,+*6,reaction from the organisation@,R*(0,O$H'+*, 0+3)6,(0,23D6226>,retaliationS,6M%*30(0(8),+*6,%$00(D(2(+&,$O,
, W, 466,320$,*++%?BBE*(0+26D2$E(8)@H0B3D$H+ZH0B1$8+31+0B,38>,:H)68+S,
R@,T --AU@,C(+8600,O$',+*6,E*(0+26D2$E6'0,4$6L68,[!W,*6320,+*$06, E*$,O()*+,O$','()*+@,Valpo. The magazine of Valparaiso University. Retreived 1st of July 2011 from: http://whistleblowing.us/wp-content/ uploads/2010/07/A-Witness-for-the-Whistleblowers.html@ 6P%6'(681(8),86)3+(N6,'631+($80@,R*6,+*'66,230+,0+3)60,TXZ"U, $O,+*6,4$6L68,M$>62S,'606MD260,+*6,O(832,0+3)6,%'6N($H02&, >601'(D6>,D&,]$061'3816@,4$6L68,*$E6N6',$H+2(860,+*6, %$+68+(32,3O+6'M3+*,(8,M$'6,>6+3(2@,R*(0,(0,%'$D3D2&,>H6, +$,+*3+,4$6L68,>6N62$%6>,*(0,M$>62,D306>,$8,1$H80622(8), 38>,+*6'3%&,E(+*,31+H32,E*(0+26D2$E6'0@,R*6,230+,0+3)60, $O,*(0,M$>62,(812H>6,+*6,>H'3+($8,$O,+(M6,D6+E668,+*6, E*(0+26D2$E(8),38>,+*6,68>,$O,+*6,E*$26,%'$1600,Tthe long haulUS,+*6,%$(8+,(8,+(M6,E*68,3,%$+68+(32,JH>(1(32,%'$1600, 68>0,$',+*6,6M%2$&66,0+$%0,%H'0H(8),+*6,1306,TclosureU, 38>,+*6,%$(8+,(8,+(M6,E*68,+*6,6M%2$&66,%$+68+(322&,O6620, *6326>,$',2(L6,*(MZ,$',*6'062O,3)3(8,TresolutionU@,FM$8), +*6,E*(0+26D2$E6'0,4$6L68,E$'L6>,E(+*S,+*$06,'631*(8), +*(0,O(832,'60$2H+($8,0+3)6,066M6>,M$'6,$O+68,+$,*3N6,D668, 3D26,+$,'6Z68+6',E$'L(8),2(O6,38>,320$,+$,*3N6,D668,)'38+6>, 61$8$M(132,1$M%6803+($8@ C*(26,0$M6,$O,+*6,M$>620,(8,R3D26,.,6P%2(1(+2&,0+3+6,+*3+, +*6(',M$>620,3'6,D306>,$8,6P%6'(68160,O'$M,+*6(','60%61+(N6, $11H%3+($832,O(62>0,T6@)@S,]$061'3816S,.<;;i,c@,]@,4$6L68S, .<;!US,$+*6',M$>620,3'6,%'6>$M(838+2&,>6N62$%6>,O'$M, 3,+*6$'6+(132,%$(8+,$O,N(6E,T6@)@S,`'3*3MS,.<;!U@,R*6, 3O$'6M68+($86>,0(P,M$>620,320$,>601'(D6,E*(0+26D2$E(8), E(+*,0$M6E*3+,>(OO6'68+,O$1(@,R*6,a1_3(8,38>,Y66838, T.<<<U,M$>62,M3(82&,O$1H060,$8,*$E,38,6M%2$&66,comes to the conclusion,+$,'6%$'+,E'$8)>$(8),3+,E$'L,$',8$+S,E*(26, +*6,Q\c3&,T.<"WU,M$>62,6M%*30(060,how employees are met,T(@6@S,'631+($80U,E*68,+*6&,3++6M%+,+$,0+$%,E'$8)>$(8), 3+,E$'L@,R*6,'60+,$O,+*6,M$>620,>601'(D6,E*(0+26D2$E(8), 30,a process,O'$M,+*6,(8(+(32,3E3'68600,$O,E'$8)>$(8),+$, +*6,'631+($8,O'$M,$+*6'0S,(812H>(8),+*6,6N32H3+($8,$O,+*6, %'$1600,T6@)@S,`'3*3MS,.<;!i,a(162(,^,:63'S,.<< U,38>,+*6, %$+68+(32,aftermath,T6@)@S,]$061'3816S,.<;;i,c@,]@,4$6L68S, .<;!U@,QN6'322,+*6,M$>620,(8,R3D26,.,0*3'6,$86,$',06N6'32, $O,+*6,03M6,1$'6,0+3)60,83M62&? T.U,+*6,3E3'68600,$O,3,+'())6'(8),6N68+S T U,+*6,>61(0($8,M3L(8),%'$1600S TAU,+*6,1*$(16,$O,31+($8,T6@)@S,E*(0+26D2$E(8),$',8$+U,38> TWU,3,'631+($8@ 98,0HMS,E*(0+26D2$E(8),M3&,D6,O$22$E6>,D&,%$0(+(N6,30, E622,30,86)3+(N6,1$806GH68160@,b6816S,(+,(0,(M%$'+38+,+$, L8$E,E*(1*,O31+$'0,+*3+,3'6,300HM6>,+$,(8O2H6816,3,%$+68+(32, E*(0+26D2$E(8),%'$1600@,R*6,O$22$E(8),061+($8,E(22,+*6'6O$'6, %'6068+,0$M6,$O,+*6,M3(8,6P%2383+$'&,O'3M6E$'L0,E6, 138,H+(2(06,+$,H8>6'0+38>,8$+,$82&,how,DH+,320$,why,+*6, E*(0+26D2$E(8),%*68$M68$8,138,>6N62$%,>(OO6'68+2&,31'$00, (8>(N(>H32,13060@ G89H7I<8JA
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,I6'80+6(8S,c@,F@S,F2(0$8S,#@,4@S,]$&S,d@,g@S,^,C(1L680S,#@,c@,T.<<"U@, Psychology,TV$H'+*,6>@U@,I$0+$8S,:6E,m$'L?,b$H)*+$8,a(OO2(8, #$M%38&@
,IJK'L62$S,I@,T -.-U@,Whistleblowing at work: Antecedents and consequences?,/*c@,h8(N6'0(+&,$O,I6')68@
,IJK'L62$S,I@S,d(83'068S,4@S,:(62068S,a@,I@S,^,a3++*(6068S,4@,I@, T -..U@,4(26816,(0,)$2>68|,#*3'31+6'(0+(10,38>,6P%6'(68160,$O, 062OZ'6%$'+6>,E*(0+26D2$E6'0@,European Journal of Work and Organizational PsychologyS 20,T-US, -!= A;@
,IJK'L62$S,I@S,a3++*(6068S,4@,I@S,^,d(83'068S,4@,T --"U@,Personal characteristics as predictors of whistleblowing and its con-sequences@,R*6,{999+*,dH'$%638,#$8)'600,$O,C$'L,38>,Q',Z )38(73+($832,/0&1*$2$)&@,4+$1L*$2M?,I$$L,$O,3D0+'31+0,T43+H'Z >3&U,%@,.;"@ ,IJK'L62$S,I@S,a3++*(6068S,4@,I@S,^,d(83'068S,4@,T -.-U@,/'6>(1+(8), %'$31+(N6,D6*3N($H',3+,E$'L@,dP%2$'(8),+*6,'$26,$O,%6'0$832Z (+&,30,38,38+616>68+,$O,E*(0+26D2$E(8),D6*3N($H'@,Journal of Occupational and Organizational PsychologyS 83S,A".=A<W@
,IJK'L62$S,I@S,a3++*(6068S,4@,I@S,d(83'068S,4@S,^,d68S,j@,4@,T --<U@, The role of whistleblowing in relation to bullying behaviours – a predecessor or successor?,/3%6',%'6068+6>,3+,+*6,.W+*, dH'$%638,#$8)'600,$O,C$'L,38>,Q')38(73+($832,/0&1*$2$)&@, 438+(3)$,>6,#$M%$0+623S,4%3(8@,a3&,.A=.!@ ,IJK'L62$S,I@S,]&D6')S,C@S,a3++*(6068S,4@,I@S,^,d(83'068S,4@, T --;U@fC*68,&$H,+32L,38>,+32L,38>,8$D$>&,2(0+680f?,F,M(P6>, M6+*$>,1306,0+H>&,$O,E*(0+26D2$E(8),38>,(+0,1$806GH68160, International Journal of Organisational BehaviourS 13,T US, .;=W-@,4+3D26,h]_?,*++%?BBEEE@H0G@6>H@3HBDH0(8600B'6063'1*B (J$D@
,I$LS,4@,T.<;.U@,I2$E(8),+*6,E*(0+26@,98,g@,_@,V26(0*M38S,_@,_(6DM38, ^,a@,b@,a$$'6,T6>0@US,Public duties: the moral obligations of government officials,T%%@, -W= -U@,#3MD'(>)6?,b3'N3'>, h8(N6'0(+&,/'600@
,I$83O$80S,#@S,g6*62S,_@S,^,#$''$226'ZIuGH6+S,F@,T --<U@,4%61(O(1(+&, $O,+*6,2(8L0,D6+E668,E$'L%2316,*3'300M68+,38>,/R4c?,/'(M3'&, '60H2+0,H0(8),1$H'+,>61(0($80S,3,%(2$+,0+H>&,(8,V'3816@,Inter -national archives of occupational and environmental healthS 82,TXUS,!!A=!!;@
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,I'381*S,R@,T.<"<U@,#$H'3)6,E(+*$H+,60+66M?,/'$O(260,(8,E*(0Z +26ZD2$E(8)@,98,#@,/6+6'0,^,a@,:620$8,T6>0@US,The culture of bureaucracy,T%%@, ."= A;U@,:6E,m$'L?,b$2+S,](86*3'+,38>, C(80+$8@
,I'$E8S,F@,g@,T --;U@,Whistleblowing in the Australian Public Sector: Enhancing the theory and practice of internal wit-ness management in public sector organisations@,#38D6''3?, F:h,d,/'600@,R*6,FH0+'32(38,:3+($832,h8(N6'0(+&@,]6+'(6N6>, .@-!@-<,O'$M?,*++%?BB6%'600@38H@6>H@3HBE*(0+26D2$E(8)x1(+3Z +($8@*+M2@
,IH22S,:@S,]((06S,R@S,^,a$68S,I@,d@,T -- U@,C$'LZ'623+6>,(8JH'(60, 38>,$11H%3+($832,*632+*,38>,03O6+&,O31+$'0,(8,0M3226',68+6'Z %'(060?,F,%'$0%61+(N6,0+H>&@,Occupational Medicine, 52,T US, "-="W@,>$(?.-@.-<AB$11M6>BX @ @"-@
,IH+1*6'S,:@S,`'3*3MS,g@,]@S,C(22(3M0S,#@,_@S,^,m$006OS,4@,I@,/@, T.<<-U@,Development and the use of the MMPI-2 content scales@, a(8863%$2(0?,h8(N6'0(+&,$O,a(8860$+3,/'600@
,#32238>S,]@S,^,c6*8S,`@,T --WU@,Whistleblowing around the world: Law, culture and practice@,_$8>$8?,/HD2(1,1$816'8,3+, E$'L,T/#3CU@
,#$2N(8S,`@,T -- U@,C$8>6',E$M68,$O,E*(0+26D2$E(8)@,Fortune, 146,TAUS,X!@
,#$'+(83S,_@,a@S,^,a3)26&S,j@,g@,T --AU@,]3(0(8),N$(16S,'(0L(8), '6+32(3+($8?,dN68+0,O$22$E(8),(8+6'%6'0$832,M(0+'63+M68+,(8, +*6,E$'L%2316@,Journal of Occupational Health PsychologyS 8,TWUS, W"= !X@
,#$0+3S,/@,R@S,R6''311(38$S,F@S,^,a1#'36S,]@,]@,T --.U@,`68>6', >(OO6'68160,(8,%6'0$832(+&,+'3(+0,31'$00,1H2+H'60?,]$DH0+,38>,0H'Z %'(0(8),O(8>(8)0@,Journal of Personality and Social PsychologyS 81,T US,A =AA.S,>$(?,.-@.-A"B-- ZAX.W@;.@ @A @
,#'38+S,g@,a@,T ---U@,/'$31+(N6,D6*3N($',(8,$')38(73+($80@,Journal of ManagementS 26,TAUS,WAX=W! @
