Rafał Taubenschlag
"The Old-Babylonian Merchant, his
Business and his Social Position", W.
F. Leemans, Leiden 1950 : [recenzja]
The Journal of Juristic Papyrology 5, 249
SURVEY OF LITERATURE 1950 - 1951
249
R o s a m a r i a R o s s i , Ψιλοί τόποι ( A e g y p t u s X X X fasc. 1 (1950)
pp. 42—56).
T h e term, ψιλός τόπος occurs in almost t w o h u n d r e d d o c u m e n t s of t h e G r e c o - R o m a n E g y p t . T h e a u t h o r e x a m i n e s t h e m a n d expla-ins t h e i r m e a n i n g in generality a n d in single cases.
P a r t e i H a l i s t e , Das Servitut der Wasserleitung in Platen's
„Ge-setzen," (Eranos vol. X L V I I I fasc. 4 (1950) p p . 142 — 149).
A m o n g t h e Servitutes in t h e P l a t o ' s S t a t e t h e Servitute of а с q u a e d u c t u s deserves a special a t t e n t i o n , I n t h i s respect P l a t o refers t o t h e existence of old excellent laws (παλαιοί και καλοί νόμοι) which should n o t fall i n t o oblivion, a n d quotes t h e c o n t e n t s of t h r e e such laws. One of t h e s e refers t o a general Servitute of aquaeductus b y which also p r i v a t e persons could p r o f i t . On page 144 n o t e 1 t h e a u t h o r h i n t s a t t h e servitude of aquaeductus in G r e c o - R o m a n E g y p t where t h e provisions corresponding t o those in P l a t o ' s L a w s are t o be f o u n d .
W . F . L e e m a η s, The Old-Babylonian Merchant, his Business and
his Social Position, Leiden E . J . Rrill 1950.
I n t h i s book t h e a t t e m p t is m a d e t o shed m o r e light on t h e cen-t r a l f i g u r e in all cen-t r a d e s in R a b y l o n i a , cen-t h e m e r c h a n cen-t . I n R a b y l o n i a this m e r c h a n t was called t a m k a r u m ( S u m e r i a n d a m k a r a ) . T h e stu-d y is stu-divistu-destu-d i n t o t w o p a r t s . I n t h e f i r s t p a r t t h e a u t h o r e x a m i n e s in w h a t business t h e t a m k a r u m was concerned. This is done in t h e course of discussing those p a r a g r a p h s of t h e Code of H a m m u r a -bi in which t h e t a m k a r u m figures, a t t h e s a m e t i m e ascertaining if these p a r a g r a p h s reflect t h e a c t u a l practice f o u n d in c o n t r a c t s a n d letters. T h e second p a r t deals w i t h t h e social position of t h e t a m k a r u m a n d considers t h e p a r t p l a y e d b y t h e g o v e r n m e n t a n d t h e king. A l t h o u g h t h i s excellent dissertation m a k e s no use of t h e p a p y r i , I m e n t i o n it here t o suggest a similar investigation on t h e
m e r c h a n t in G r e c o - R o m a n E g y p t .
A. C h r i s t o p h i l o p o u l o s , 'Αθάνατος en droit grec (Revue
inter-nationale des droits de l'antiquité I V p. 297—301).
Ms. В о 11 a h a s e x a m i n e d t h e clause α θ ά ν α τ α which occurs in t h e p a p y r i f r o m P t o l e m a i c a n d R o m a n E g y p t a n d h a v i n g a reference t o t h e leases of w e t nurses a n d animals. T h e t e r m m e a n s in t h e legal field „ w h a t is p e r m a n e n t , i n v a r i a b i l e " . В о 11 a emphazises t h a t t h e
