Значение маргинальных записей в монастырских рукописных материалах для истории культуры средневековой Руси

Елена Э. Шевченко

Значение маргинальных записей

в монастырских рукописных

материалах для истории культуры

средневековой Руси

2016

PRZEGLĄDWSCHODNIOEUROPEJSKI VII/1 2016: 221-230

E heha3 . M ebhehko

PoccHHCKaa HauHOHantHaa 6n6nHOTeKa (CaHKT-neTep6ypr)

3HAHEHHE MAPrHHA^ŁHMX 3AnHCEH

B MOHACTB

I

PCKHX PYKOnHCHB

I

X MATEPHA3AX

HCTOPHH KY3BTYPBI

CPE^HEBEKOBOH PYCH

Significance of Marginal Entries in Monastic Hand-Written Materials for Cultural History of Medieval Russia

KarouEBbiE caoBA: M ap ru H aab H b ie 3 a n u cH , naMaTHHKH nncbMeHHOCTH, flpeB H epyccK aa KHH^HocTb, HcTOHHHKOBefleHHe, M O H acrapcK aa KynbTypa, MHKponccneflOBaHHe

Key w o r d s: m a rg in a l re c o rd s , m o n u m e n ts o f w ritin g , a n c ie n t R u s s ia n b o o k c u ltu re , s o u rc e, m o n a s tic c u ltu re , m ic ro s tu d ie s

Abstract: B y m a rg in a l e n trie s w e m e a n su c h e n trie s w h ic h a r e n ’t c o n n e c te d d ire c tly w ith a stu d y in g su b je ct. A t th e sa m e tim e , th e s e re c o rd s g iv e so m e a n s w e rs to th e q u e s tio n s ly in g in a n a b s o lu te ly d iffe re n t a re a o f a b s o lu te ly d iffe re n t p ro b le m s. T h is stu d y re v e a ls th e im p o r- ta n c e o f m a rg in a l re c o rd s o f th e m a n u s c rip ts o f th e N a tio n a l L ib ra ry o f R u s s ia in St. P e te rs ­ b u rg . S c rib e s G e ra s im N o v g o ro d e ts , D io n y s iu s K ru k a n d T rifo n G re c h a n in m ig h t n o t b e th e m o s t s ig n ific a n t w rite rs o f O ld R u s s ia n c u ltu re , h o w e v e r d e te c tio n o f s e v e ra l fa c ts o f th e ir b io g ra p h ie s c a n h e lp to d e te rm in e th e fa c ts a n d b io g ra p h ie s o f s ta te s m e n o f th e m e d ie v a l R u s s ia ’s h isto ry . T h is a rtic le s h o w s h o w th e fa c ts a b o u t a p riv a te life o f th e O ld R u s s ia n m o n k s a n d sc rib e s c o lle c te d a s a re s u lt o f “ m ic ro re s e a rc h ” o f c o m p le te ly d iffe re n t d o c u m e n ts c o u ld s ig n ific a n tly in flu e n c e d a te s o f h is to ric a l e v e n ts as w e ll as th e b io g ra p h ie s o f p e rs o n s w h o p la y e d a n im p o rta n t ro le in th e p ro c e s s o f c o n s tru c tio n o f th e R u s s ia n state.

nO3 MaprHHantHtiMH 3anncaMH b HacTOa^en cTarte nOapa3yMeBaroTca TaKHe, KOTOptie He cBa3aHM HanpaMyro c npe^MeTOM royneHHa, to ecTt HaxOflaTca 3a npefleaaMH HccaeaOBaHHa aroÓOH BtiSpaHHOH TeMti. BMecTe c TeM, 3th 3anncH 3aroT bo3mo^ hoctb OTBeHaTt Ha BOnpOcti, a e ^ a ^ H e b cOBepraeHHO hhoh

htockocthnpHMeHHTeatHO kaScOaroTHO apyrHM npOSaeMaM.

B flaHHOH paÓOTe 3HaaeHHe M aprHHaatHtix 3anHcen nOKa3aHO Ha KOHKpeTHMX npHMepax, nOHepnHyTtix H3 naMaTHHKOB h h c ł m c h h o c t h cpe^HeBeKOBOH Pycn, npeHMy^ecTBeHHO xpaH a^nxca b OTaeae pyKOnnceń

222 EneHa 3 . ffleB nem o

paHee Ha3MBaBraeHca HMnepaTopcKoń nySnHHHoń SHSnHoTeKoH. B ochobhom, 3 pect paccMoTpeHM pyKonncH H3 CoSpaHHa EHSnHoTeKH KHpHnno-Eeno- 3epcKoro MoHacTtpa. 3Ta KonneKpHa b XIX b nocrynHna b CaHKT-neTep- SyprcKyro flyxoBHyro AKapeMHro, a b Hanane XX cToneTHa b HMneparopcKyro nySnrnHyro SHSnHoTeKy (Tenept nepeHMeHoBaHHyro b PoccHHcKyro HapHo- HantHyro).KaKHe 3aKnroneHHa mo^ho cpenaTt, H3BneKaa H3 pyKonncHtix MarepHanoB MenKHe SHorpa^mecKHe cBepeHHa o ManoH3BecTHtx ppeBHepyc-

ckhx KHH^HHKax? TeMa 3Ta Bo3HHKna noToMy, hto Hacro cn traH rat cKenTH- HecKHe BMcKa3MBaHHa: «3aneM Hy^Ho H3ynaTt khh^hhkob: B o-nepB tx, ppeBHHx; Bo-BTopMx, He ocTaBHBranx 3aMeTHMH cnep b hctophh K y n try p t flpeBHeń Pycn». Bo3mo^ho, KHHronHcpt, o KoToptx noHpeT pent, caMH no ceSe He npHHapne^anH k Btparo^H M ca npepcTaBHTenaM ppeBHepyccKoH

KyntTypM. OpHaKo ycTaHoBneHHe HeKoToptx ^aKToB hx SHorpa^HH oKa3M- BaeTca none3HMM pna yTonHeHHa KaK SHorpa$HHecKHx paH H tx rocypap- cTBeHHMx peaTeneH, TaK h aBneHHH, HMero^Hx cy^ecTBeHHoe 3HaneHHe pna HcTopHH cpepHeBeKoBoń PycH.

CBepeHHa oS 3thx KHH^HHKax H3BneneHt H3 o6teMHtix poKyMeHToB, He H3paHHMx po HacToa^ero BpeMeHH. Ohh coSpaHM SyKBantHo no KpynHpaM

b pe3yntrare cBoero popa «MHKpoHccnepoBaHHa» nHctMeHHMx MarepHanoB. TaK, H3yneHHe MoHacTMpcKHx npHxopo-pacxopHMx h otohchmx KHHr, cocTaBnaBraHxca b MoHacTMpax npH cMeHe hx HryMeHoB HnH cTpoHTeneH, a TaK^e rpaMoT, chhophkobh 3anHceH b pyKonHcax no3BonaeT BMcTpoHTt SHor- pa^HnecKyro KaHBy ^H3HH h peaTentHocTH MoHaxa TepacHMa HoBropoppa.

B HccnepoBarentcKoH nHTeparype o HeM KaK o KHH^HHKe HHnero He SMno H3BecTHo. 3tot hhok b KoHpe XVII b. nopBH3anca b KpynHeńraeM oSHTenH ceBepo-BocToKa Mockobckoh PycH - KHpHnno-Eeno3epcKoM MoHacTMpe. npo3BH^e «HoBropopep» cBHpeTentcTByeT o ero npoHcxo^peHHH H3 HoBro- popa BenHKoro. OneBHpHo, oh Smn BectMa oSpa3oBaHHMM MoHaxoM h B tpe- nanca cpepH HacentHHKoB MoHacTMpa KaK 3HaroK khh^hocth. n o cBepeHHaM, H3BneneHHMM H3 Otohchmx KHHr KHpHnno-Eeno3epcKoH khhobhh (ffleBneHKo 2010, 85-97), ohpoctht BticoKoro Ha3HaneHHa - cTan Ka3HaneeM, a 3to TpeTta no 3HanHMocTH cTyneHt b MoHacTtpcKoH HepapxHH n o c n e HryMeHa h cTpoHTena. Enaropapa cbohm HeoppHHapHMM cnocoSHocTaM, b tom HHcne

h KaK pyKoBopHTena, oh Smn onpepeneH b KanecTBe cTpoHTena (rnaBM) HHno- CopcKoro cKHTa. 3Ta oSHTent Stina ocHoBaHa b KoHpe XV b. npenopoSHMM HHnoM CopcKHM, nHcareneM, HpeonoroM napTHH HecTa^areneń, h cTana cBoero popa HHTenneKTyantHMM peHTpoM cpepHeBeKoBoH PycH. OpHaKo, HecMoTpa Ha

to, hto HacentHHKH 3Toro cKHTa, cornacHo YcraBy ero ocHoBarena, npopon^anH 3aHHMartca KHHronHcaHHeM, oSHTent c TeneHHeM BpeMeHH noTepana cBoro S tn y ro 3HanHMocTt h y ^ e b XVI cToneTHH S tn a npHnHcaHa k KHpHnno- Eeno3epcKoMy MoHacTtpro, oTKypa h Ha3HananHct ee cTpoHTenH.

3nm eH ue MapzuHwibHux 3anuceu e MOHacmupcKux pyKonucHbix Mamepuajiax... 223

BMiaBnemi neTMipe pyKonncn, HanncaHHMie, cypa no nonepKy, a TaK^e no 3anncaM b hhx, TepacnMOM HoBropoppeM (ffleBneHKo 2010, 85-97). Bce neTtipe cSopHHKa o^opMneHM bophom cmae: ohh HeSontraoro ^opMara, b 16-ro ponro nncTa, co Bcerpa coBnaparo^HM cpepHHKoM Ha BepxHen KprnraKe nepenneTa h cxo^hm THcHeHHeM. fleKopHpoBaHM ohh rpaBHpoBaHHMiMH 3acTaBKaMH cTaponenaTHoro cTnna co BnHcaHHMiMH b 3th 3acTaBKH-paMKH TeKcTaMH (BpacKaa 1983, 276)1. 3to cBoero popa MHHH-coSpaHne MoHaxa. CaMMM HHTepecHMM H3 KHHr TepacnMa H oBropoppa pna Hac oKa3anca nHTeparypHo-naTpHcTHHecKHH cSopHHK (ffln^p pyKonHcH: PHB, Knp.-Ben. 115/ 1192). nopSopKa ero cTaren aBHo oTpa^aeT nnnHMie npncTpacTna 3Toro khh- ^HHKa k hobmm BeaHHaM nnctMeHHon KyntTypM flpeBHen PycH. B KoHpe cBoen pyKonHcH KHpnnno-Seno3epcKHn khh^hhk noMecTnn nroSonMTHMn TeKcT, KoTopMn o3arnaBnn KaK «EpHHocornacne». TaKoe Ha3BaHHe HanoMHHaeT TepMHH: «pBoecTponHoe cornacne», kotopmm Bcnep 3a TepacnMoM Cmot- pHpKHM, aBTopoM cTHxoTBopHoro BcTynneHna k Ocrpo^cKon SnSnnn, oSo3Ha- n an ca b mockobckoh PycH X V II b. hobmih ^eHoMeH - pn^MoBaHHMie pBycTHraHa (naHneHKo A.M. 1980, 320). B caMoM pene, HecMoTpa Ha to, hto

TeKcT H3 cSopHHKa TepacnMa HoBropoppa He pa3peneH Ha cTpoKH, a TontKo Ha crpo^Bi, oh npepcTaBnaeT coSon pBycTHraHa, cBa3aHHBie co3BynnaMH. npH 3tom b HeM npocTaBneHM ypapeHHa. CTHxoTBopHMie BHpraH HanHcaHM HepaBHocno^HeM - oTHocnTentHon cnnnaSnKon - c napHon pocTaTonHon pH^Mon, npeHMy^ecTBeHHo ^eHcKon, pepKo My^cKon h paKTHnnnecKon (oS

«oTHocHTentHoM cnnnaSn3Me» y mockobckhx no3ToB X V IIb. cm.: naHneHKo 1980, 319). CKopee Bcero, «EpHHocornacHe» aBnaeTca coScTBeHHMM conn- HeHHeM 3Toro KHH^HHKa, bo BcaKoM cnynae, noKa HeT paHHMX, cBnpeTent- cTByro^Hx oS oSpamoM. TontKo pBe cTpoKH oTpaneHHo HanoMHHaroT cTpoKH H3 npepHcnoBHa «KHHrH o Bepe», HanenaraHHon b MocKBe b 1648r. (KHHra

o Bepe, n. 7 oS.).

noneMy ^ e y KHpHnno-Seno3epcKoro MoHaxa noaBHnca HHTepec k cth-

xotbophmm npoH3BepeHHaM? OS^eH3BecTHo, nro XVII cToneTHe b Mockob-

ckoh PycH o3HaMeHoBaHo ocTpon SoptSon TpapHpHoHHoro h HoBaropcKoro

b oSnacTH xypo^ecTBeHHoro TBopnecTBa. B 3to BpeMa npoHcxopHT cMeraeHHe, a TaK^e noaBneHHe hobmx pna pyccKon KyntTypM ^aHpoB h HanpaBneHnn. TaKHM HexapaKTepHMM aBneHHeM p n a pyccK on khh^hoh KyntTypM npepM py^ero nepHopa SMno connHeHne cthxotbophmx TeKcToB - Bnpraen. K KoHpy XVII b. HoBMe ^opMM cnoBecHoro TBopnecTBa 3axBaTBiBaroT caMMe

1 3acTaBKH p y K o n n c e n c KpaTKon hx xapaKTepncTHKoH onySnHKoBaHM b cT aT te O. B. BpacKoH, opHaKo HanncaHH e 3thx KHHr oTHeceHo 3 p e c t k pa3HoMy BpeMeHH h He cooTHeceHo c nHcpoM. ffla^pM pyKonHceH: PHB, coSpaHHe BnSnnoTeKH KnpHnno-Beno3epcKoro MoHacTMpa 119/124 h Ns84/89 - panee ran^pM 3toh KonneKpHH npnBopaTca b cnepyro^eM BHpe: Knp.-Ben. ...

224 EneHa 3 . ffleB aem o

ranpoKHe cnoH HaceneHHa. CocraBneHHe pn^MOBaHHMX npoH3BeaeHHń crano pacnpocTpaHeHHtiM aBneHHeM h b cpeae MoHaraecTBa. PyKonncHMe cSopHHKH KnpHnno-Beno3epcKoro MoHacTMpa c 3Toń tohkh 3peHHa noKa He aocTaToaHo H3yneHM. npeacTaBnaeTca, hto noaBneHHro BHpraeń b cSopHHKe TepacHMa HoBropoapa MornH cnocoScTBoBaTt cneayro^He oScroaTentcTBa.

KaK H3BecTHo, b 1667 r. b OepanornoB MoHacTMpt, a 3aTeM hb KHpHnno- Beno3epcKHH MoHacTMpt, Haxoaa^Hńca HenoaaneKy ot Hero, Sbin cocnaH ÓMBraHH naTpHapx mockobckhh h Bcea PycH Hhkoh (EpHnnHaHToB 1899). C HMeHeM HHKoHa cBa3aHa pepKoBHaa pe^opMa MocKoBcKoro rocyaapcTBa X V II b., cneacTBHeM KoTopoń cTano aBH^eHHe crapooSpaapeB ; apyrHM cneacTBHeM 3Toń ^ e pe^opMM Sbino pa3BHTHe TaKoro Ba^Horo ana KyntTypM Pocchh HoBoro aBneHHa, KaK craxocno^eHHe b cpeae MoHaraecTBa. HMeHHo c Toro BpeMeHH, Koraa naTpHapx Hhkoh b nocneaHHe roaM cBoeń ^H3HH oKa- 3anca b ccMnKe b MoHacTMpax Eeno3epcKoro perHoHa, 3aect HacTynHn pacpBeT

b oSnacTH cocraBneHHa pH$MoBaHHbix npoH3BeaeHHń. no3ToMy c y ^ e - cTBeHHMMH aBnaroTca nroSbie ^aKTbi, xapaKTepH3yro^He ^H3Ht onantHoro naTpHapxa b 3tot nepHoa.

E ^ e ao ccMnKH b ocHoBaHHMx hm Ha peKe H crpe BocKpeceHcKoM Hobo- HepycanHMcKoM h Ha HBepcKoM o3epe BanaańcKoM MoHacTMpax Hhkoh co3aan nHTepaTypHMe p e m p ti, b kotopmx Sontraaa p o n t SMna oTBeaeHa cnaraHHro BHpraeń h KHHronenaTaHHro (no3aeeB 1961, 419-428; nameHKo 1973, 103-115; EenoHeHKo 1988, 73). BMecTe c SMBraHM naTpHapxoM b aoSpoBontHoM 3aKnro- aeHHH (b pa3Hoe BpeMa) HaxoaHnHct npeaaHHMe eMy MoHaxH h npeacTaBHTenH Senoro ayxoBeHcTBa (crappM OnaBHaH, BapnaaM, MapaapHń, aepHbie nonM naMBa h nannaaH ń, aepHbie ataKoHM H cańa h MapKenn, SenMe ataaKH TapacKa (HnH TepactKa) MaTBeeB h HnaTKo MHxańnoB, OHnarpHH, MHcaHn (cm.: EpHnnHaHToB 1899, 136; CeBacTtaHoBa 2003, 247 ccn.; 2007, 453 ccn.).

Bo3mo^ho, npH hx nocpeacTBe b oSHTenax Eeno3epcKoro perHoHa npoH3orano 3HaKoMcTBo c hobmmh ^opMaMH cnoBecHoro HcKyccTBa. Bo BcaKoM cnyaae,

b 3To ^ e BpeMa b KHpHnno-Eeno3epcKoM MoHacTMpe TpyaHnca khh^hhk, ronoB^HK HepoaHaKoH TpHropHH ^epH oB , nocrpH^eHHK, KaK yKa3aHo

b npHnHcKe Ha oaHoń H3 npHHaane^aBraHx eMy pyKonHceń, BocKpeceHcKoro

HoBo-HepycanHMcKoro «6biBraaro BenHKaro rocnoaHHa cBaTaro HHKoHa, naTpHapxa MocKoBcKaro h Bcea PycH» MoHacTMpa. Bce npHHaane^aBraHe eMy neBaecKHe KHHrH oTHocaTca k HHcny HoBoHcnpaBHMx HapeaHMx, to ecTt cBa3aHM c pe3yntraTaMH hhkohobckhx pe^opM (o TpHropHH ^epHoBe cm.: Ee3yrnoBa 1988, 52-53; PaMa3aHoBa 2000, 13-14). My3MKantHoe HcKyccTBo HoBoHepycanHMcKHx MoHaxoB Sbino HenocpeacTBeHHo cBa3aHo c pH^MoTBop- aecTBoM: He cnyaańHo HccneaoBaTenaMH apeBHepyccKoń KyntrypM hhkohob- cKaa raKona Ha3BaHa «neceHHoń no33Heń» (no3aeeB 1961). TaKHM oSpa3oM,

3nm eH ue MapzuHwibHux 3anuceu e MOHacmupcKux pyKonucHbix Mamepuajiax... 225

3HaK0MBI C HHTepaTypHMMH HOBmeCTBaMH, KOTOpMM noKpoBHTentcTBoBan Hhkohb cBoeń oSnrenH Ha peKe Hcrpe. TepacHM HoBropopep, SypynH crappeM

h 3aHHMaa b KHpHnno-Eeno3epcKon khhobhh pocraTonHo bbicokhh nocT, Se3ycnoBHo, pon^eH Stin Sbitb b Kypce coSbithh MoHacTtipcKon ^h3hh. n o popy cBoen peaTentHocTH oh He Mor He o S ^ a T tc a c Hhkohom hhhho. B KHpnnno-Eeno3epcKon oSHTenH TepacHM, cypa no 3anHcaM Ha BtiaBneHHtrc pyKonHcax h no paHHtiM OnHcen, HaxopHnca no KpanHen Mepe c 1663 r. no 1682r., h HMeHHo b 3tot nepHop, c HroHa 1676r. no aBrycT 1681 r., TaM oTÓMBan cctinKy onantHBin naTpHapx, nepeBepeHHtin H3 OepanoHToBa MoHacTMpa. Eonee Toro, neToM 1667 r. b OepanomoB k HHKoHy npHe3^ana HryMeHta BocKpeceHcKoro TopHpKoro peBHntero MorncTtipa M ap^a, KoTopaa npHBo3Hna nonyneH H tie cTapHpen 3Toro ^ e MoHacTtipa KHa^Hon MaKcHMHnnon ot ee cecTep MocKoBcKHe hobocthh nepe3 Hee ^ e oTnpaBnana nHctMa HHKoHa b cTonHpy (CeBacTtaHoBa 2003, 254). H3yneHHe ^ e OTnHcHtix KHHr noKa3MBaeT, hto TepacHM H oB ropopep oTnHctiBan MoHacTtipcKoe HMy^ecTBo He TontKo KHpHnno-Eeno3epcKoro MoHacrapa, ho h BocKpe­ ceHcKoro TopHpKoro peBHntero MoHacTtipa, h oTnHcMBan ero hoboh HryMeHte - KaK pa3 M a p ^e ToBapH^eBtix (CeBacTtaHoBa 2003, 254). B 3toh ^ e OTnHcHon KHHre ynoMaHyTM h BKnapM hhokhhh kh^ ^hm MaKcHMHnnM fflexoBcKon. H3 ppyron OTnHcHon KHHrH - HHno-CopcKoro cKHTa - H3Becrao,

hto KHa^Ha papHna KHHrH hb 3Ty oSnrent, npmeM HMeHHo bto BpeMa, Korpa ee Bo3rnaBnan TepacHM HoBropopep (OTnHcHaa KHHra 1994, 261-287). TaKHM oSpa3oM, nyTeM aHanH3a OTnHcHMx KHHr pa3HMx MoHacTMpen, npHxopHM

k BMBopy, hto TepacHM HoBropopep HenocpepcTBeHHo oS^anca c MoHaxHHaMH TopHpKoro MoHacTMpa, noM o^tro kotopmx nont3oBanca b ccMnKe narpHapx Hhkoh. YnHTMBaa ^ e HHTepec HHKoHa k Bo33peHHaM npenopoSHoro HHna CopcKoro (TaK KaK oh HanHHan MoHaraecKyro ^H3Ht b ConoBepKoM AH3epcKoM

cKHTy, ycTaB KoToporo c^opMHpoBanca nop Bo3pencTBHeM ycTaBa HHno- CopcKoro cKHTa), hto oScToaTentcTBo, hto Hhkoh e ^ e SypynH b OepanonroBe (po 1671 r.), n o c e ^ a n HHnoBy oSHTent (EpHnnHaHToB 1899, 166 ccn.), Mticnt o cBa3H TepacHMa HoBropoppa h HHKoHa He noKa^eTca HapyMaHHon.

Mo^ho pa^e npepnono^HTt, hto TepacHM h Hhkoh Smbh 3HaKoMM h paHtrae. TpaMoTa narpHapxa HHKoHa ot 20 MapTa 1655 r. o ccMnKe Ka3Hanea TepacHMa

b KHpHnno-Eeno3epcKHn MoHacrtipt (CeBacTtaHoBa 2003, 97; raH^p rpaMoTM: PTAflA, $ . 1441, on. 6., p. 38.), bo3mo^ho, KacaeTca HMeHHo TepacHMa HoBro- poppa. Oh ynoMaHyT b KanecTBe Ka3Hanea KHpnnno-Eeno3epcKoro MoHacTMpa

b poKyMeHTax 3toh khhobhh y ^ e b peKaSpe 1659r. (PTAflA, $. 1441, on. 1,

p. 317, n. 1.; Btipep^KH H3 poKyMeHTa onySnHKoBaHM: flMHTpHeBa 2003, 146). HTaK, H3yneHHe SHorpa^HH h TBopnecTBa pocene HeH3BecTHoro KHpHnno- -Seno3epcKoro KHHronHcpa XVII b. TepacHMa HoBropoppa paeT bo3mo^hoctb

226 EneHa 3 . ffleBneHKo

6Horpa^HHecKHx cBeaeHHń 06 3tom KHH^HHKe no3BonaroT ytohhhtb

HeKOToptie ^aKTM 6norpa^HH TaKoro 3HannrentHoro ana pyccKoń hctophh

nonHTHHecKoro aeaTena, KaK naTpHapx Hhkoh. Bo-BToptix, HecMoTpa Ha to,

hto HepaBHocno^HMe BHpraH TepacHMa HoBropoapa, He aBnaroTca apKHM o6pa3poM xyao^ecTBeHHoro TBopnecTBa, ho ohh Ba^Hti ana noHHMaHHa cnepH^HKH nHTepaTypHoro n popecca X V II b., b n a c ra o c ra ana hctophh

cHnna6HKH.

BtiaBneHHe ^ ktob 6Horpa$HH a p y ro ro KHpHnno-6eno3epcKoro

KHH^HHKa, TaK^e cnoco6cTByeT BtiBoaaM, hmck^ hm oTHoraeHHe k 6onee

raHpoKoń TeMe.

B Hanane XV II b. conoBepKHń nocTpH^eHHK, npenoao6H tin Enea3ap, opraHH3oBan cboh ckht Ha ocTpoBe A ro e p , Bxoaa^HH b ConoBepKHń apxHnenar. npH 3tom oh npeanonaran opHeHTHpoBaTtca Ha Ckhtckhh ycTaB, KaKoń 6 tin b o6Hxoae b HHno-CopcKoM cKHTy. 0 6 3tom H3BecTHo H3 npeaHcnoBHa k YcTaBy CBaTo-TpoHpKoro AH3epcKoro cKHTa, aoraearaero ao Hac b pyKonHcH co6paHHa ConoBepKoro MoHacTtipa (raH^p: 0 P PHE. Co6paHHe ConoBepKoro MoHacTtipa, N° 1129/1239, n. 5-5 o6.). BnepBtie Ha 3to

npeaH cnoBH e o6paTHna BHHMaHHe H. A. ByaHHoBa (199 8 , 115 ccn.), ocHoBMBaact Ha cocTaBneHHoM b XIX b onHcaHHH 3toh pyKonHcH (nop^HpteB 1898, 196). npeaHcnoBHe ^ e k ycTaBy h ero HccneaoBaHHe ony6nHKoBaHo C. K. CeBacTtaHoBon (2001, 105 ccn.). H3 npeaHcnoBHa cneayeT, hto Enea3ap o6paTHnca k HacToaTenro ConoBepKoro MoHacTtipa c npoct6oń, «hto6m HaM

no^anoBanH aanH YcTaB ckhpkoh, KaK noroT Ha BHeraHeń cTpaHe, b CHHancKon rope, h oKpecT HepycanHMa, h Ha A ^ohckoh rope, h y Hac Ha PycH, cTapoM cKHTe Hhtobckomi). HryMeH HpHHapx BMecTe c YcTaBoM npHcnan ycraB^HKa ^HoHHcHa, no npo3BH^y KproK, KoToptin «MHoro BpeMeHH ^Hn b cKHTe

h b KHpHnnoBe MoHacTtipe 6tin ycTaB^HKoM» (CeBacTtaHoBa 2001, 106).

TaKHM o6pa3oM, npenoao6Htin Enea3ap AroepcKHn npH ycrponcTBe cBoeń o6HTenH nont3oBanca HacTaBneHHaMH KHpHnno-6eno3epcKoro ycTaB^HKa ^HoHHcHa, KoToptin paHee HeKoTopoe BpeMa 6 tin HacentHHKoM HHno- CopcKoro cKHTa. npo3BH^e «KproK» ^hohhchh nonynna, BepoaTHo, noToMy,

hto oh 6tin KnHporaaHHHoM, to ecTt nen b pepKoBHoM xope Ha KnHpoce,

a necHoneHHa b CpeaHeBeKoBoń PycH HcnonHanHct no 3anHcaM, o6o3Ha- neHHMM b pyKonHcax oco6mmh 3HanKaMH, Ha3MBaBraHMHca «KproKaMH». O. B. naHneHKo, ocHoBMBaact Ha 3anHcH BtiaBneHHon hm pyKonHcH ConoBepKoro co6paHHa ycTaHoBHn, hto b ConoBepKoM MoHacTMpe ^hohhchh

6tin ronoB^HKoM (to ecTt rnaBoń pepKoBHoro xopa), a ^aMHnHa ero 6 tn a

EptraKHH (naHneHKo 2006, 737). BHaHMo, HMeHHo 3tot ^ e ^hohhchh

ynoMaHyT b HHcne 6paTHH HnaoBon nycTMHH KaK KnHporaaHHH b ^eBpane 1612r. b npHxoao-pacxoaHtix KHHrax HHno-CopcKoń nycTMHH 1611-1612rr. (fflH^p pyKonHcH: rocyaapcTBeHHtin HcTopHneKHn My3eń, THM. O nH , $. 484,

3nm eH ue MapzuHwibHux 3anuceu e MOHacmupcKux pyKonucHbix Mamepuajiax... 227

on. 1, N° 74, n. 30. noapo6Hee 06 otomcm.: ffleBneHKo 2011, 120), n HeT HHKaKnx coMHeHnn b tom, nTo oh ^ e Ha3BaH botom ^oKyMeHTe b KanecTBe TontKo nTo Ha3HaneHHoro CTponTena HnnoBa CKnTa 31 aBrycTa 1612r.: «A Hannpo oTpaHo HoBoMy CTponTenro HnnoBa CKnTy CTappy fleoHnctro .SptiraKHHy 5 py6neB 12 anTMHB c nonyaeHroro»» n p n otom, KaK noKa3tiBaeT aHann3 nepHnn n nonepKa, c onpeaeneHneM hoboto rnaBti nycTtmn, oneBnpHo, npon3orana KaKaa-To 3aMnHKa, nocKontKy nMa ototo CTappa b npnxoao-pacxoaHtix KHnrax aBHo BnncaHo no3^e Ha cnepnantHo ocTaBneHHoM ana ototo MecTe. TaK bot, nMeHHo OTn BtiaBneHHtie CBe^ne CBeaeHna o flnoHncnn KproKe (^aMnnna, CTaTyc - CTponTent CKnTa, aaTnpoBKa - 1611-1612rr.), aaroT bo3mo^hoctb

noaTBepanTt aaTy nepeceneHna npen. Enea3apa Ha ocTpoB AH3ep - 7123r. (1614 r.), yKa3aHHyro hm b aBTo6norpa$nnecKoM paccKa3e (CeBacTtaHoBa

2001, 16), nocKontKy flnoH ncnn .SptiraKHH, no n p o 3 B n ^ y KproK, Mor oKa3aTtca Ha ConoBKax He paHee c e m a6pa 1612r., TaK KaK 31 aBrycTa ototo

roaa oh CTan CTponTeneM HnnoBa CKnTa. YTonHeHne aaTnpoBKn ocHoBaHna ConoBepKoro AH3epcKoro CKnTa aBnaeTca Ba^HtiM ^ ktom, nocKontKy nMeHHo

cothm MoMeHToM nccneaoBaTenn cBa3tiBaroT Bo3po^aeHne n panpocTpaHeHne ckhtob Ha Pycn - oco6on ^opMti opraHH3apnn ^h3hh MoHaxoB, npnHpn- nnantHo orannaro^enca ot o6^e^HTentHoro ycTponcTBa.

H, HaKoHep, TpeTnn npnMep Toro, KaK H3yneHne 6norpa$nn CKpoMHtix

khh^hhkob BnnaeT Ha yTonHeHne onpeaeneHHtix Bex ^H3HeHHoro nyTn n3BecTHtx npeflCTaBHTenen nonnTnnecKon onnTti flpeBHen Pycn.

Pent nonaeT TaK^e o6 nHoKe Knpnnno-Eeno3ecKoro MoHacTtipa - Tpn^oHe TpenaHHHe, n o ero CBa3n c bh^hmm pepKoBHtiM nepapxoM - ApceHneM 3naccoHCKHM, nMa KoToporo oneHt Ba^Ho an a ncTopnn flpeBHen Pycn (3nnnTnHKeBnn 1992, 108-110; MaraTa^apoB 2001, 442-446). KaK n3BecTHo, MHorne rpeKn CTpeMnnnct HanTn n o M o ^ t n yTeraeHne Ha Pycn, KoTopaa

c 1453 r. no cne 3aBoeBaHna KoHCTaHTnHonona TypKaMn CTana rnaBHon npeacTaBHTentHnpen n 3a^HTHnpen npaBocnaBna. HeKoToptix OMnrpaHToB npnTarnBann Eeno3epcKne 3eMnn. ApceHnn 3naccoHCKnn npn6t n Ha Pyct

b 1588 r. b CBnTe naTpnapxa HepeMnnn II, pentro npne3aa KoToporo 6tino

ncnpocnTt MnnocTMHro Ha CTponTentCTBo naTpnapraero co6opa b KoHCTanrn- Honone n ynpeanTt naTpnapraecTBo b Poccnn. B 1589r. ApceHnn ynacTBoBan

b pyKonono^eHnn MnTpononnTa HoBa b naTpnapxa Mockobckoto, b 1596 r. no noBeneHnro p ap a O ep o p a HBaHoBnna n naTpnapxa oh 6tin Ha3HaneH

apxnenncKonoM Mockobckoto ApxaHrentCKoro co6opa, n c ototo MoMeHTa apxnenncKon CTan npnHHMaTt aKTHBHoe ynacTne b co6tT n a x poccnncKon

ncTopnn: b 1605 r. ynacTBoBan b HH3no^eHnn naTpnapxa HoBa, bo BpeMa KopoHoBaHna ^^epMHTpna I yBeHnan rnaBy caMo3BaHpa raanKon MoHoMaxa,

b 1606r. - Bo3Boann Ha pyccKnn npecTon B acnnna fflyncKoro, b 1613r. npnHHMan ynacTne b H36paHnn papeM Mnxanna OepopoBnna. nep y ApceHna

228 EneHa 3 . ffleB nem o

3naccoHcKoro npHHapne^aT Ha rpenecKoM a3tiKe no3Ma 06 ycraHoBneHHH naTpnapraecTBa Ha Pycn, a TaK^e MeMyapti, b kotopmx oh ocBeTHn He TontKo coBpeMeHHMe eMy HcTopHnecKHe co6mthh, ho h co6trm a pyccKoń hctophh b penoM (^MHTpHeBcKHH 1899; nHTHpHM, enHcKon (HenaeB) 1968, 251-280). BnocnepcTBHH oh 6tin Ha3HaneH apxHenHcKonoM TBepcKHM, a okohhhh cboh phhb 1626 r., 6ypynH rnaBora Cy3pantcKora Ka^eppti.

P on t TpH^oHa rpenaHHHa b HcTopHnecKoń peracTBHTentHocTH CpepHe- BeKoBoń PycH, 6e3ycnoBHo, ycTynaeT no 3HaneHHro ponH ApceHHa 3naccoH- cKoro (ffleBneHKo 2011, 122; 2015, 163-179). Cypa no npo3BH^y, oh 6tin

rpenecKoro npoHcxo^peHHa, h Bonero cype6, b Hanane XVII cToneTHa oKa3anca b Eeno3epte. TpH^oH rpenaHHH HeopHoKpaTHo ynoMHHaeTca bo BKnapHtix

h npHxopo-pacxopHMx KHHrax KHpHnno-Eeno3epcKoro MoHacTtipa c Hoa6pa

1611 r. no Hoa6p t 1629 r. KaK crapep 3toh o6nrenH (flMHTpHeBa 2010, 158 ccn.).

npH 3tom oh Hec nocnyraaHHa He TontKo b cTeHax MoHacTtipa, ho h 3a ero npepenaMH: c 1611 no 1619r. oh Bo3rnaBnan MoHacrtipcKyro conaHyro c n y ^6y

b Bonorpe, a c 1624 r. Bo3rnaBnan Hraao-CopcKHra ckht (ffleBneHKo 1997, 154). CHoa6pa 1626r. no Hoa6p t 1629r. no npa3pHHKaM eMy poBepanH co6HpaTt «Mone6Htie» peHtrH y «nropoTBoppeBa rpo6a» (flMHTpHeBa 2010, 255 ccn.). OneBHpHo, eMy He 6binH n y ^ p ti h KHH^Htie HHTepecM. BKnapHtie KHHrH KHpHnno-Eeno3epcKoro MoHacTtipa h npHxopo-pacxopHaa KHHra HHno- CopcKoro cKHTa 1641 r. HeopHoKpaTHo yKa3MBaroT ero b KanecTBe BKnapnHKa KHHr (fflH ^ p n pyKonHceń: BKnapHaa KHHra KH pHnno-Eeno3epcK oro MoHacTtipa - KHp.-Een. 87/1325, n. 409 o6.; npHxopo-pacxopHaa KHHra Hraao- CopcKoń nycTMHH 1641 r. - CaHKT-neTep6yprcKHn HHcTHTyT hctophh

Pocchhckoh aKapeMHH HayK (C n6HH PAH). ApxHB, Kon. 115, N° 668, n. 8 o6.). nopynanH TpH^oHy h 6onee oTBeTCTBeHHtie pena: b ceHTa6pe 1615r. oh 6tin

nocnaH b MocKBy «pna rocypapeBa pena» (flMHTpHeBa 2010, 139). OpHaKo

caMMM Ba^HHM pna Haraeń TeMM aBnaeTca cnepyro^ee H3BecTHe: b nepHop co 2 no 17 anpena 1616r. TpH^oH rpenaHHH e3pHn pna BcTpenH c ApceHHeM 3naccoHcKHM: «C rapep TpH^oH TpeneHHH ot ApceHHa apxHenHcnKa [TaK!] TBepcKaro npHBec 20 anTtm, HanHcaTH 6 HMeH b CHHaHHK. Crapep ^ e TpH^oH pan 16 anTMH 4 peHrH, HanHcaTH 5 HMaH b CHHaHHK» (flMHTpHeBa 2010, 136).

B caMoM pene, b MoHacTMpcKoM CHHopHKe HMeroTca 3anHcH c yKa3aHHeM noMHHaTt nneHoB ceMeń 3thx rpeKoB (ffleBneHKo 2 0 1 5 / HH^opMapHa, cBHpeTentcTByro^aa o HenocpepcTBeHHMx KoHTaKTax ApceHHa c Tph^ohom, HcKnronHTentHo Ba^Ha pna 6Horpa$HH BMcoKonocTaBneHHoro rpeKa. flo chx

nop otkpmtmm ocTaBanca B onpoc o BpeMeHH nepeB opa ApceHHa Ha

Cy3pantcKyro Ka^eppy, TaK KaK HeKoTopMe HccnepoBaTenH cwraroT, hto 3to

cnynHnoct b 1615r. (MaraTa^apoB 2001, 444 6-b.; 2008, 80). Haram HoBMe paHHMe - paTa BcTpenH ApceHHa h TpH^oHa (anpent 1616r.), a TaK^e npH 3tom HMeHoBaHHe ApceHHa e ^ e apxHenHcKonoM TBepcKHM - cBHpeTentcTByroT

3nm eH ue MapzuHwibHux 3anuceu e MOHacmupcKux pyKonucHbix Mamepuajiax... 229

o tom, hto 30 anpe^a 1616r. ApceHHH e ^ e He Swa Ha3HaneH Ha Cy33antcKyro

Ka^eapy.

HTaK, oS ^hm BMB030M aaHHOH cTaTBH aBaaeTca cne^yro^ee 3aKrroHeHHe. BwaBaeHHe, Ka3aaocB Sm, He3HaHHTenBHMX hbcthmx ^aKTOB SHorpa^HH HeK0T0pMX ManoH3BecTHMX H HeH3BecTHMX BoBce 3peBHepyccKHX KHHro- nHcpeB, nonepnHyTMX H3 pa3HoxapaKTepHMX hctohhhkob, Hepe^Ko aoSaBaaeT cy^ecTBeHHMe raTpHXH k SHorpa^HaM HeK0TopMX aHq, HrpaBraHX Ba^Hyro

p o n t b HcTopHHecKoM n p o q ecce, h npHB03HT k yToHHeHHro 3 aTHpoB0K

coSmthh, HMero^HX Sontraoe 3HaneHHe 3aa flpeBHepyccKoro rocyaapcTBa.

EiiÓjmoipa(|)iiH

BE3yraoBA, H . ® . (1 9 8 8 ), M aprH H aaH H b pyKonHcHbiX KHHraX K H p H a ao -E ea o 3 ep c K o ro MoHacTwpa KaK hctobhhk no hctophh pyccKoH My3biKaabH0H KyatTypbi. B: HccaeqoBaHHe naMaTHHKoB nHctMeHHo0 KyatTypw b coSpaHHH h apXHBaX O T qeaa pyKonHceH h peqKHX KHHr. 3eHHHrpafl, 5 1 -6 6 .

EE0OHEHKO, B. C. (1988), H 3 HcTopHH KHHroneaaTaHHa HBepcKoro BaaqaHcKoro M oH acrapa. B: HccaefloBaHH e naMaTHHKoB nHctMeHHoH K yatTypbi b coSpaHHH h apXHBaX O T q eaa pyKonHceH h peqKHX KHHr. 3eHHHrpafl, 6 7 -7 6 .

Eph00h a h to b, H . H . (1 8 9 9 ), ® ep an o H T0 B Eeao3epcKHH M o H a c ra p t - MecTo 3aToaeHHa naTpHapXa HHKoHa. CaHKT-neTepSypr.

BPACKAa, O . E. (1 9 8 3 ), O S opHaMeHTaqHH KHHr H3 K H p H aao -E eao 3 ep cK o ro MoHacTwpa. B: ^peBH epyccK oe HcKyccTBo: PyKonHcHaa KHHra. 3. MocKBa, 2 6 7 -2 7 6 .

^mhtpheba, 3. B. (2 0 0 3 ), BwTHwe h onHcHwe KHHrH K H pH aao-E eao3epcK oro MoHacTwpa X V I-X V II b b. CaHKT-neTepSypr.

^mhtpheba, 3. B. (2010), npHX0 3Hwe h pacX0 3 Hwe qeH e»H w e KHHrH KH pHaao-Eeao3epcKoro MoHacTwpa 1 6 0 1 -1 6 3 7 r r . / Coct. 3. B. ^MHTpHeBa. MocKBa - CaHKT-neTepSypr, 2010. ^mhtphebckhh, A . (1899), ApXHenHcKon EaaccoHcKHH ApceHHH h MeMyapw e ro H3 pyccKoH

HcropHH: n o pyKonHcH T pane3yqqcK oro CyMeaHHcKoro MoHacTwpa. KHeB.

3hhhthhkebh0, B. C. (1992), ApceHHH EaaccoHcKHH. B: C ao B ap t khh^hhkob h khh^hocth

^ peBHeH PycH. CaHKT-neTepSypr. 3/1, 1 0 8 -1 1 0 . KHHra o Bepe. (1648), MocKBa.

MAmTA®APOB, A . B. / ® a o p a E. H. (2001), ApceHHH 3aaccoHcKHH. B: npaB ocaaB H aa 3HqHKao- neflHa. 3. MocKBa, 4 4 2 -4 4 6 .

MAmTA®APOB, A . B. (2008), ApceHHH 3aaccoHcKHH - apXHenHcKon Cy3qaabcKHH h TapyccKHH 1615-1625 r r . B: ApceHHH 3aaccoHcKHH - apXHenHcKon Cy3qaatcKHH. BaaflHMHp.

OTnHcHaa KHHra. (1994), OTnHcHaa KHHra BocKpeceHcKoro TopHqKoro fleBHBtero MoHacTwpa 0TnHcHHK0B KHpHaaoBa MoHacTwpa aepH oro n o n a MaTBea h cTapqa TepacHMa H o B ro p o q q a HryM eHte M a p ^ e ToBapH^eBWX. B: KHpHaaoB: HcTopHKo-KpaeBeflaecKHH aatMaHaX. 1. B o a o rq a , 2 6 1 -2 8 7 .

nAHBEHKO, A . M . (1973), PyccKaa cTHX0TBopHaa K yatTypa X V II b. 3eHHH rpaq.

nAHBEHKO, A . M . (1980), 3 m e p a r y p a «nepeX oqH oro BeKa». B: HcTopHa pyccKoH am ep aT y p b i. 1: flpeBHepyccKaa aHTepaTypa. .n m e p aT y p a X V III b. 3eHHH rpaq, 2 1 9 -4 0 7 .

nAHBEHKO, O. B. (2006), Khh^hhkh C oaoB eqK oro MoHacTwpa X V II b. B: T O ,3,P3 (T pyqw O T qeaa apeBHepyccKoH aHTepaTypw). 57. CaHKT-neTepSypr, 6 8 8 -7 9 3 .

nHTHPHM, enHcKon (H eaaeB ). (1968), ApceHHH, apXHenHcKon 3aacoHcKHH, h e ro nosM a oS yape^fleHHH pyccK oro naTpHapraecTBa. B: EorocaoBcKHe Tpyqw. 4. MocKBa, 2 5 1 -2 8 0 .

230 E n e m 3 . ffleBneHKo

n o3^EEB, A . B. (1961), HaKOHOBCKaa mKona neceHHofi no3300. B: T O ^ P ^ (T pyqw OTflena ApeBHepyccKofi n0TepaTypw). 17. MocKBa / .HeH0 Hrpa,q, 4 1 9 -4 2 8 .

nopoHPEEB, H. X ./ BaflKOBCK0 0 , A . B ./ K pacH ocentpeB, H. ® . (1898), O 0 0 caH0 e pyKO0 0 cefi ConoBepKoro MoHacTwpa, H a x o q a ^0xca b 606n 0 OTeKe Ka3aHcKofi ^yxoBHO0 aKaqeM0 0 . 3. K a3aH t.

Pama3ahoba, H. B. (2000), n e B n e c r a e pyKO0 0 cH tie KH0 r 0 K0p 0nno-B eno3epcKoro MoHacTwpa.

B : M oH acTw pcK aa T p aq0 q 0 a b qpeBHepyccKOM 0 cKyccTBe. K 6 0 0 -neT 0ro K 0 p 0 n.no- Eeno3epcK oro MoHacTwpa. CaHKT-neTep6y p r, 8 -1 5 .

CEBACTtaHOBA, C . K. ( 2 0 0 1 ) , n p e0 o q o 6 Hbi0 E n e a 3a p , ocH o B aT en t C B aT O -T po0 qK oro AH3epcKoro cK0Ta. CaHKT-neTep6y p r.

CEBACTtaHOBA, C . K. (2 0 0 3 ), M aT ep0 anw k « ^eT O0 0 c 0 0 H0 TepaTypHO0 q e aT en tH o c T 0 0 aTp0 apxa H 0 KOHa». CaHKT-neTep6yp r.

CEBACTtaHOBA, C . K. (2 0 0 7 ), 3 0 0 c T o n a p H o e H a cn e q0 e 0 aTp0 a p x a H 0 KOHa. n e p e 0 0 cKa c coBpeMeHH0 KaM0 : HccneqoBaH0 e 0 TeKcTw. MocKBa.

By^HHOBA, H . A . (1998), ^ e H t conoBeqK oro Kn0pom aH0 Ha («Kn0poccKoe ®0 T0 e» 0 « » 0T0 e M O H amecK oe» 00 a p x 0 BHWM qoKyMeHTaM 0 pyKO0 0 caM C o n o B e q K o ro M oHacTwpa x v

n

m

Oebhehko, E. 3 . (1 9 9 7 ), KH0 »H w e BKnaqw « 0 MeH0Twx n ro q e 0 » X V I-X V II b b. b H0 no- CopcKyro 0ycTWHro. B: PyKO0 0 cHwe 0 aMaTH0 K0 . 4. CaHKT-neTep6y p r, 1 4 5-162.

Oebhehko, E. 3 . (2 0 1 0 ), Ck0t 0 p e 0 o q o 6H oro H 0 n a C opcK oro b KOHTeKcTe 0 0 ctMeHHofi KyntTypw flpeBHefi P y c0 . B: PyccKaa n 0TepaTypa. 1. CaHKT-neTep6y p r, 8 5 -9 7 .

Oebhehko, E. 3 . (2011), 3 aMeTK0 o ConoBeqK0x 0 H 0no-CopcK0x KH0 » H 0 Kax. B: nepB aa M e»qyH apoqH aa HaynHaa KOH^epeHq0 a «^yxoB H oe 0 0 cTop0 Ko-KyntTypHoe H acneq0 e ConoBeqKoro M0HacTwpa». C 6 . Hayn. cTaTefi 0 qoKnaqoB. ConoBK0 , 119-124.

Oebhehko, E. 3 . (2015). CTpo0T en t H 0no-CopcKO0 0ycTWH0 T p 0 ^OH rp e n aH 0 H, apx0 e0 0 cKO0 3 naccoHcK00 ApceH 00 0 «cTpaHcTByro^ 0 0 Kn0pom aH0 H» HoHa ConoBeqK0 0 . B: P occ0a 0 X p 0 cT0 aHcK0 0 Boctok. 4 -5 . MocKBa, 1 6 3 -1 7 9 .