The experimental results of the Delft Systematic Yacht Hull Series

(1)

824825

TECHNISCHE HOGESCHOOL DELFT

AFDELING DER MARITIEME TECHNIEK

LABORATORIUM VOOR SCHEEPSHYDROMECHANICA

The Experimental Results of the Deift Systematic Yacht Hull Series.

Prof.ir.J.Gerritsma , R.Onnink,

Reportno. : 595

August 1983

Deift University of Technology Ship Hydromechanics Laboratory Mekelweg 2

2628CD DELFT The Netherlands Phone 015 -786882

(2)

Introduction.

In this report the complete experimental _{results of the}

resistance and sideforce measurements of the _{Delft Systematic} Yacht Hull Series are given in tabular form.

The series consists of twenty two hull _{forms, all of which have} been derived by computer graphics from one parent form. This parent form is closely related to the "Standfast _{43'I, an} Admi-ral Cupper designed by Frans Maas,

The variations concern the length-displacement ratio LWL/V/3,

the prismatic coefficient C, the longitudinal

_{position of the}

centre of buoancy LCB, the length-beam ratio _{LWL/BWL and the}

beam-draught ratio BWL/T.

The subscript c refers to the canoe-body, _{without keel and} rudder.

The first part of series, consisting of nine _{models has been} set up and analysed in cooperation with the _{Department of}

Ocean Engineering of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (Boston)

The analysis of this part of the series has been published in [1,2,3,4

A description and an analysis of the complete series is given in [5_

Geometry of the Series.

The main dimensions of the hull forms, based on a waterline length of 10 meters are given in Table. 1. The _relations be-tween the main form parameters for the twenty two models are depicted in Figure 1.

Table 2 gives the offsets of the parent model (model nr. 1) and the corresponding lines are shown in Figure 2.

(3)

2

The models have been constructed with a waterline length of 1,6 meters, a length overall of 2,1 meters and a free board of 0,184 meters.

For a waterline length of 10 meters this results in a linear scale ratio = 6,25.

3. Experimental set-up.

Resistance and sideforce measurements have been _{carried out} for three heeling angles: 10, 20 and 30 degrees, a range of leeway angles up to 1 = 12 degrees and forward speeds up

to 1.6 m/s, corresponding to Fn = 0.40.

The upright resistance has been measured up to model speeds of 1.8 rn/s corresponding to Fn = 0.45.

The models were free to pitch, heave and roll, but restrained in surge by the towing line of the resistance _{dynamometer and} also restrained in sway and yaw by the two sideforce dynamo-meters, which are balanced in vertical direction, see Figure 4.

For each run the leeway angle was adjusted to obtain the required heeling angle of 10, 20 or 30 degrees. By shifting a weight P (42,29 N) over a distance T (see Figure 5) _{a range} of stabilities could be investigated.

A correction for the vertical component of the sailforce _has been applied, see Figure 4.

All models have been tested with the same fin keel and rudder. A NACA 632_015 airfoil section has been used for the finkeel

and a NACA 0012 section for the rudder.

Keel and rudder dimensions are given in Figure 6.

Turbulence stimulators, consisting of carborundum grains with a sand paper grain size 20 and a density of approximately

lo grains/cm2 have been used, see Figure 7.

The upright resistance tests were carried out with a single

anda double sandstrip to enable

_{an extrapolation of the}

measured resistance values to zero sandstrip width.

It has been assumed that the extra resistance due to the sandstrìp varies with the model speed squared and is propor-tional to the strip width.

(4)

range (V = 1.0 - 1.6 m/s) to avoid laminar flow conditions or wave making of the turbulence stimulator.

All test have been carried out in Tank nr. 2 of the Delft Shiphydromechanics Laboratory, which has a wetted cross-sec-tion of

1.22 x 2.75

m.

4. Experimental results.

The measured resistance and sideforces _{are given in numerical} form in the Tables. For each model the main dimensions, as well as the vertical position of the _{centre of gravity (ZGM)} _,

the vertical position of the pivots S (see Figures 5 and 6) and the temperature of the tankwater are given.

The upright model resistance

_RT,

_{as given in the Tables,} resul-ted from extrapolation to zero sandstrip width, but these va-lues are not corrected for blockage effects.

For the heeled resistance runs the corresponding upright

resistance R2 is given as a reference. The resistance _R2 _{and the} heeled resistance RPHI include the effect of a double width

sandstrip.

The sideforce forward and aft have been

_{measured at 4 0.5 m}

and -0.5 m from PL, where PL is the distance between the midpoint of the pivots and _LWL/2 _{as given for each model.}

In the Tables "selected" runs are indicated

_{by an asterix ()}

For these runs a strong correlation exists between the heeling angle _{and the Froude number Fn. The selected runs represent} more or less natural combinations of heeling, leeway and Froude number for the close hauled condition. These combinations are used in routine testing of sailing yachts. _{The other runs do} not represent realistic sailing conditions in all cases, but these may be valuable for analytic purposes.

(5)

s

4

heeling angle _{positive to port}

sideforces _{positive to starboard} shift of weight T _{positive to port}

leeway angle _{positive to port., see figure 8}

5. References.

i _{J. Gerritsma, G. Moeyes, R. Onnink,}

-Test results of a systematic yacht hull _series, 5th HISWA Symposium Amsterdam 1977.

D.S. Jenkins,

Analysis of a systematic series of yacht model tests,

M.Sc. Thesis, Department of Ocean Engineering, M.I.T., 1977.

3 _{J.E. Kerwin, J.N. Newman,}

A summary of the H. Irving Pratt Ocean Race Handicapping Project,

Cheasapeake Sailing Yacht Symposium S.N.A.M.E., Annapolis, 1979.

4 _{J.E. Kerwin,}

-A velocity prediction program for ocean racing yachts,

New England Sailing Symposium, New Lodnon, Connecticut, 1976.

5 _{J. Gerritsma, R. Onnink, A. Versluis,}

Geometry, Resistance and Stability of the Delft Systema-tic Yacht Hull Series,

(6)

I

VOLC _{volume displacement canoe body}

VOLT _{volume displacement with keel and rudder}

Sc _{wetted surface canoe body}

LCWL _{waterline length} BCWL waterline breadth

rc _{draught of the canoe body}

TT draught including keel c prismatic coefficient

LCB _{longitudinal postion centre of buoyancy with} LCWL

regard to

2 in percent of LCWL

ZGM vertical position centre of gravity ZSM distance between pivot and waterline TEMP temperature of the tankwater

PL distance between the midpoint of pivots and ordinate 5

VM model speed

PHI heeling angle

RT total upright resistance

R2 total upright resistance with turbulence stimulators RPHI total resistance with heel and leeway

BETA leeway angle

T _{transverse displacement of weight}

FV side-force forward

(7)

6

Table 1.

Main dimensions and derived quantities.

Mode i nr. LWL m BMAX

m

BL

s

o

I t I I

s

5

s

o

s

e

0.54 0.56 0.58 0.60 Cp

I

0.54 0.56 0.58 0.60 cp 2.8 3.0 3.2 3.4 3.6 L WL

/BwL-_

FIGURE i

FOPJi PAflN'IFTERS OF THE SYSTATIC SJIYTS.

3

_o

e

s

I

i

s

O

s

11

(9)

BASfCSHIPFORM MODEL i

TABLE 2

HALF BREADTH

Ord.O

_Ord.i

_Ord.2

_OrcI.3

_Ord.4

_Ord.5

_Ord.6

LIST OF ORDINATES DRAUGHT

Ord.-2

Ord.-i

.000

.050

_.000

.000

.057

.100

_.000

.074

.202

.150

.000

.016

.206

.348

.200

.000

.i33

.336

.492

.250

.000

.254

.464

.625

.300

.000

.iii

.373

.585

.746

.350

.000

.226

.487

.699

.855

.400

.000

.013

.338

.597

.803

.954

.450

.000

.i27

.446

.701

.899

1.045 .500

.000

.241

.550

.798

.989

1.129 .550

.000

.349

.650

.890

1.073

1.207 .600

.000

.062

_.456

_.747

_.975

_1.150

_1.277

.650

.000

_.000

_.187

_.558

_.839

_1.056

_1.222

_1.340

.700

.000

.304

.656

.923

1.130

1.286

1.398 .750

.000

.416

.750

1.003

1.197

1.344

1.450 .800

.000

.063

.523

.840

1.076

1.257

1.395

1.496 .850

.000

.208

.626

.922

1.142

1.311

1.441

1.537 .900

.000

.341

.723

.996

1.199

1.358

1.482

1.573 .950

.000

.464

.812

1.061

1.250

1.399

1.517

1.605

1.000 .000

.094

.575

.890

1.116

1.293

1.436

1.549

1.633 1 . 100

.000

.399

_.763

_1.011

_1.204

_1.363

_1.495

_1.600

_1.678

1.200 .228

.621

.o90

1.097

1.268

1.414

1.538

1.638

1.712

1.300 .474

.756

.972

1.154

1.312

1.449

1.568

1.664

1.736

1.400 .614

.838

1.026

1.191

1.340

1.472

1.586

1.680

1.750 1 .500

.694

.886

1.057

1.212

1.355

1.484

1.596

1.688

1.757 i .600

.735

.908

1.070

1.221

1.360

1.487

1.597

1.688

1.757 i . 700

.743

.911

1.069

1.218

1.356

1.480

1.589

1.680

1.749

(10)

TABLE 2

.050

.124

.163

.190

.206

1.96 .150

.066

.000

.100

.288

.344

.378

.387

.370

.315

.226

.104

.000

.150

.451

.513

.551

.553

.526

.464

.369

.246

.100

.200

.601

.670

.702

.698

.660

.595

.498

.374

.225

.250

. 735

.804

.832

.824

.780

.710

.613

.488

.337

.300

.

854 . 919

. 945

.933

.887

.813

.713

.590

.437

. 350

.960

1.023

1.045

1.029 .981

.905

.803

.679

.527

.400

1.056 1. 115

1 . 134

1 . 116

1.065 .987

.885

.758

.608

.450

1 . 143

1 . 199

1.215 1 . 195

1.142

1.062 .959

.831

.681

.500

1.223

1.276

1.290

1.268

1.213

1.131

1.027 .898

.748

.550

1.296 i . 346

1 .358

1.334

1.278

1.195

1.089 .959

.809

.600

1.362

1.409 1. 419

1.394

1.337

1.254

1.146

1.016 .865

.650

1.421

1.465

1.474

1.447

1.391

1.307

1.199

1.069 .917

.

700

1.474

1.515

1.523

1.496

1.440

1.356

1.249

1.118 .966

. 750

i .522

1.560

1.567 1 .540

1.485

1.402

1.294

1.164

1.011

.

800

1.564

1.600

1.606

1.580

1.525

1.443

1.336

1.206

1.054

.

850 i .601

1.636 1 .641

1.616

1.562

1.480

1.374

1.245

1.093 .900

1.635

1.667

1.671

1.648

1.594

1.514

1.409

1.281

1.130 .950

1.664

1.695

1.698

1.676

1.624

1.545

1.442

1.314

1.165

1.000

1.690 i .720

1.723

1 . 701

1.651

1.574

1.471

1.344

1.197 1 . 100

1 . 732

1 . 760

1.763 1 . 742

1.695

1.622

1.522

1.398

1.254

1.200

1.763 1 . 790

1 . 794

1 . 774

1.730

1.659

1.563

1.443

1.301 1 . 300

1 . 785

1 . 811

1 . 815

1.796

1.755

1.688

1.595

1.479

1.341

1.400 i .799

1.824

1.829 i . 812

1.772

1.709

1.620

1.507

1.374

1.500

1.805 1 . 831

1.836 1 . 820

1.783

1.722

1.637

1.528

1.400

1.600 1 . 804

1.830

1.836

1 . 821

1.786

1.728

1.647

1.544

1.421 1 . 700

1.797

1.824 i . 831

1 . 817

1.783

1.727

1.651

1.553

1.436

(11)

'.

₀

TABLE 2

DRAUGHT

Ord.16

Ord.17

HALF BREADTH

Ord.18

Ord.19

Ord.20

Ord.21

Ord. 22

.000

.050

.000

.100

.000

.150

.000

.200

.062

.000

.250

.169

.000

.300

.265

.081

.000

.350

.354

.167

.000

.400

.435

.245

.033

.000

.450

.508

.317

.105

.000

.500

.575

.383

.172

.000

.550

.635

.444

.233

.000

.600

.692

.501

.290

.059

.000

.650

.745

.553

.343

.115

.000

.700

.794

.602

.393

.166

.000

.750

.840

.648

.439

.214

.000

.800

.882

.691

.483

.260

.013

.000

.850

.922

.732

.525

.303

.062

.000

.900

.960

.771

.565

.344

.107

.000

.950

.995

.807

.603

.383

.148

.000

1.000

1.028 .842

.638

.420

.187

.000

1 . 100

1.088 .905

.704

.489

.261

.020

.000

i .200

1.140 .961

.765

.553

.329

.093

.000

i .300

1.185

1.010 .818

.611

.392

.160

.000

i .400

1.222

1.052 .866

.664

.450

.222

.000

1.500

1.253

1.089 .909

.712

.502

.282

.052.

1.600

1.279

1.120 .946

.756

.552

.336

.111

1 . 700

1.300

1.147 .978

.795

.597

.386

.166

(12)

h2 8T(O (oco GO) D £9ÇO (Or-O CuO) ¿ .' 00001 = OS-0 UO) LSN2I 02 61 91 'MO

IflDIJ

i

1iIIIIUL!UIuIIPJIiIIUP

_

(13)

j'

12 -JJ)

i:ld_r

FIGURE 3

_{LINES OF SYSTEMATIC SERIES.}

4111i:- TÌIÍb

7

NACA NACA

s

0012 _6324015

(14)

PARENT MODEL 1

FIGURE 3

LINES OF SYSTEMATIC SERIES (CONTINUED).

41iuIlíÍÍ

8 g

lo 11

(15)

14 -j__

NACAI NACA

0012 6324015 PARENT MODEL i

FIGURE 3

LINES OF SYSTEMATIC SERIFS (CONTINUED).

1' ₁₅

_u_uig1jI.irr

1U

iutiiUNW'

16 17

(16)

22

PARENT MODEL i

FIGURE 3 LINES OF SYSTEÌATIC SERIES (CONTINUED).

î

(17)

MOVABLE WEIGHT

WATER LEVEL

F-FIGURE 4

ARRANGEMENT OF THE MODEL

BALANCE ARRANGEMENI

WEIGHT FOR VERTICAL DYNAMOMETER

SIDE FORCE AFT

DYNAMOMETER

SIDE FORCE FORWARD

COMPONENT OF SAILFORCE

(18)

(19)

ord.

o

PL

ord.

j.126m

1.64m

FIGURE 3

FIN KEEL AND RUDDER ARRANGEMENT.

ord. io

OWL

I

Q,5m

(20)

single 10 mm

doube 20 mm

single 20mm

double 40mm

FIGURE 7

ARRANGEMENT OF THE TtJRBULECE SIMULATION

dersity 10 grains/cm2

10 to 15mm

single 15 mm

doub'e 30 mm

(21)

(22)

.03a

.040

.65

1.61 .51

.126

.346

.568

-2.30

'.036

.255

20.1 +.000

UPRIGHT RESISTFNCE

.50

-.

1.30 .M)

1.00

4'.-

1.35

6.10 .70

1.36

1.130 6.913 ,.. .p_

.80

1.78

. -I. 1.145

8.13 .90

2.29

1.50

9.51

1.00

2.91.

1.55

11.38

11105

3.27

1.60

13.56

1.10

3.63

..- *_

_1.65

_16e16

1.15

4.06

1.70

19.31

1.20

4.51.

1.75

22.86

' ..

1.25 ¿397

- -.-

1.80

26.70

VN hT

vti

M/S N ,ft_ .ft_ M/S

(23)

22

-RUN Vh

PHI

t1/s

DEGR. 33

1.000

10

* '40

1.200

10

* 141

1.2(0

10

*

42

1.200

10

1j3

_1.1400

₁₀

4(4

_1.1400

₁₀ 145 1SLOO :io 146

1.1400

10

147

1.400

10

L48

1.1400

10

¿49

_l.L400

₁₀

50

51

52

53

5[4 55 56 57 R2 N

RNI

N BETh DEGR. T M EV I F14 N

3.25

L4.1O +6.141

+.035

+10.20

+5.65

3.25

3.19 +2.02

+.1130

+3.66

+.bO

3.25

3.63 +4.56

+.080

+7,tß

+3.23

3.25

14.10

+6.30

+.035

41O.1L1

+5,57

3.25

3.32 +2.07

+.14

+3.ql

+149

14.96 S.O'4

+1.31

+.1140

43.90 +.08

4.98

5.39 +2.95

+.080

+7.72

+2.29

L495

'4.98

5.73

5.07

+14,35

l.3i.

+035

+,1L40

+jQ.ßf,

+3,53

+4.148

+.013 14.98

5.42 +3.1.6

+.080

+7,99

+2.82

7.b7

8.33 +2.23

4.080 +8.82

+1.52

7.67

6.06 '.85

4.1L40 +14.00

'.82

767 _8.43

_+3.16

_+.035

+11.82

+3.25

7.67

7.91 +.b6

4.1140

+14.t12 +.814

7.67 7.8t

+.95

+.140

+14.514

7.67

7.89 +.80

+.j140

+L4.29

7.67

7.95 +.86

+.1140

+4.21

7.6/

8.11 i2.08

.080

+8.58

+1.27

7.67

8.09 +2.19

+.080

+8.51

+1.44

7.67

8.48 +3.09

+,035

+11.&8

+3.36

7.67

7.96 '.81

.l14O +14.t40 +.8L4

7.67

8.26 +1.93

+.080

+93Ø

7.67

7.71 +1.49

.11O

+6.58

+.3Ø

7.67 .1S

+2.52

+1.ß

+2.2t4

7.67

7.96 +1.19

.125

+5.53

+.19

1.L400

lo

1.1400

10 1.1400

10

l.1OO

10 1.1400

10

1.1400

84

1.600 PHI

DEGR. R2 N RPFfl 4 BETA DEGR. T M FV 4 N

lo

14.57

1s,1L4

.87

+.120

+53t4

10

14.57

15.25 +1.57

'.080

+8.39

+1.90

10

1'4.57

15.50 +2.1t

+.0L40

+11.27

+35Lj,

10 27.8L1

29.29 '1.59

+.OL

10.17

+L43Q

10

27.84

29.12 +.63

+.120

+Ll35

+1.50

10

27.aq

_28.68

+]5

_+.080

_+7.20

_+3.07

lo

27.8L

29.05 +1.09

'.080

+6.86

+3.01

10 27.8t4

28.58 .60

+.120

+4.10

+1.L4t4

20 4.9B

6.Oi

+.t5

'.160

13.9l

4.78

20 .96

5.58 +t.Li6

4.220

10.56

2.29

20

t.98

_6.9t4

_+7.86

_+,jOO

_'17.35

_+7.68

20

L4.98

6.20 _+6.19

_+.16O

_+14.20

_+4.97

20 L49ß

_6.10

_+6.13

_+.160

₊₄₇

20

7.67

8.81 +Lj24

+jQ +14.94

_+3.04

20

7.67

8.55 +2.9S

+.220

11.3S

+.7b

20

7.67

9.72

+5.514

+.100

+18.71

+5.60

20

7.67

8.98 +4.25

+f)

+15.16

+3.10

20

7.67

8.87 +4.25

+.160

+j5

_+3.13

20

7.67

8.8

3.03

4.220

+11.L15 20

14.57

15.76 +2.06

+.220

+9,53

+2.2&

20

114.57 _16.82

_+4.07

_+7,54

_+6.17

20

14.57

16.27 +3.04

+.160

413.B1

+3.75

20

14.57

16.11 +3.05

+.160

+135

4.B1

20

14.57

16.69 +4.02

+.100

+17.67

+5.93

¿0

1L4.b7

_15.82

_+2.06

_4.220

_+9.80

_+1.93

(25)

+L473

+9.25

+7[6

+7.53

+8.&L4

+10.12

+L.8L

i2.1t

+2.22

+6.89

+3.55

+5.69

+5.149

+8.14

+4.21

+4.214

+5.51

+8.25

+2.20

-7.61

4.61 -2.21

-1.87

-5.80

Ò

24

-FA N RUN Th MIS PHI DE:GR. R2 N RPUI N BETh DLGb. T M EV N 85

1.800

20 27,8L4

29.tI&

+1,143

+.220

7.O7

6b

1.Ou

20 27.8L4

30.t43

2.91 _'.100

.114.56

67

1.600

20

27.&4

29.99 +2.18

4.160 +10.05

86

1.200

30 149ß

7.9 +10.37

+.220

+18.76

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