Proceedings of the Practical Design of Ships and Mobile Units Conference, PRADS'92, Volume 2 (summary)

P R A C T I C A L D E S I G N O F SHIPS

AND M O B I L E U N I T S

This volume, and the companion Volume 1, consist o f papers presented at the 5th International Symposium on Practical Design o f Ships and Mobile Units held at the University o f Newcastle upon Tyne, Newcastle upon Tyne, U K , on 17-22 May 1992. The symposium was the fifth in a series organized, under the general supervision o f the PRADS Standing Committee, by a Local Organizing Committee, and benefited f r o m the generous support o f a number of sponsors. These, together with the membership of the committees, are listed below.

PRADS Standing Committee

Prof. O. M . Faltinsen (Chairman), University o f Trondheim, Norway D r P. Bogdanov, Bulgarian Ship Hydrodynamics Centre, Varna, Bulgaria Prof. J. B. Caldwell, University of Newcastle upon Tyne, U K

Prof. J. H . Hwang, Seoul National University, Korea

D r L . D . Ivanov, Higher Technical Institute, Varna, Bulgaria i

Prof. K . C. K i m , Seoul National University, Korea Prof. H . Maeda, University o f Tokyo, Japan Prof. T. Moan, University of Trondheim, Norway

Prof. S. M o t o r a (Honorary Chairman), Japan Foundation for Shipbuilding Advancement, Tokyo, Japan

D r H . Nagasawa, Shipbuilding Research Association of Japan, Tokyo, Japan D r M . W. C. Oosterveld, Marine Research Institute, Wageningen,

The Netherlands

Prof. J. R. Paulling, University o f California, Berkeley, USA

Prof. P. Terndrup Pedersen, Technical University of Denmark, Lyngby, Denmark

Local Organizing Committee

Prof. J. B. Caldwell (Chairman), University of Newcastle upon Tyne D r I . L . Buxton, University o f Newcastle upon Tyne

M r D . Catley, B M T CORTEC Limited, Wallsend

M r W. Ferguson, British Shipbuilders, Newcastle upon Tyne M r R. C. Gray (Co-ordinator)

M r W. Hills, University o f Newcastle upon Tyne D r P. A . M i l n e ' B M T CORTEC Limited, Wallsend M r J. Murray, British Shipbuilders, Newcastle upon Tyne

Mrs A . Rainsford, N o r t h East Coast Institution o f Engineers and Shipbuilders D r R. L . Townsin, University of Newcastle upon Tyne

D r G. Ward, Consultant

Spottsors

British Maritime Technology L t d British Shipbuilders

Kockums Computer Systems A B Lloyd's Register of Shipping Marine Technology Directorate L t d

Engineers and Shipbuilders Press Off"shore L t d

Swan Hunter Shipbuilders

University of Newcastle upon Tyne N o r t h East Coast Institution o f

PRACTICAL DESIGN O F SHIPS

AND MOBILE UNITS

VOLUME 2

Edited by

J. B. C A L D W E L L

and

G. W A R D

Department of Marine Technology, University of Newcastle upon Tyne, UK

ELSEVIER APPLIED SCIENCE

E L S E V I E R S C I E N C E P U B L I S H E R S L T D Crown House. Linton Road, Barlcing, Essex I G U 8JU, England

W I T H HO T A B L E S A N D 388 I L L U S T R A T I O N S e 1992 E L S E V I E R S C I E N C E P U B L I S H E R S L T D (Ü) 1992 C R O W N C O P Y R I G H T — p p . 2.745-2.763, 2.1298-2.1310 ((') 1992 M I T S U B I S H I H E A V Y I N D U S T R I E S LTD—pp. 2.1394-2.1406 C I P I S B N 1-85166-861-6 (Vol. 1 ISBN 1-85166-862-4 (Vol. 2) ISBN 1-85166-863-2 (Set) Library of C I P

N o responsibility is assumed by the Publisher for any injury and/or damage to persons or property as a

lin the USA

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transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, i

PREFACE TO VOLUME 2

The papers in this volume were presented at the 5th International Symposium on the Practical Design of Ships and Mobile Units held at the University o f Newcastle upon Tyne, U K , on 17-22 May 1992. Previous symposia have been held in Tokyo (1977), Tokyo and Seoul (1983), Trondheim (1987) and Varna (1989). The overall aim of these symposia is to advance the design o f ships and other mobile marine structures by exchanging knowledge and promoting discussion o f relevant topics in naval architecture and marine and offshore engineering. A t the Newcastle symposium the central theme was practical desigtt; and the papers selected f r o m a much larger number offered were those which had particular relevance to the problems o f design o f a wide range o f new and advanced types of vessel or marine structure.

The papers range f r o m both fundamental to applied aspects, and f r o m analytical tools to the synthesis procedures o f design. A number o f papers concern specific design applications covering conventional and unconventional types, small craft and high-performance concepts.

In this volume the subjects covered are mainly in the fields of structural analysis, strength and design, safety, materials, design methodology and application to specific vessel types. The principal topics include:

• Primary H u l l Strength Analysis

• Probability and Reliability-Based Structural Design • Structural Design Criteria and Methodology • Offshore Structures

• Production and Design • Local Strength and Buckling • Collisions and Grounding • Stability and Safety • Special Materials Problems • Design Aspects

• Design Systems

• Vessel Design: Ro-Ro and Container Ships Passenger Ships and Tankers • Small Craft Design: Fishing Vessels

Tugs

J. B. C A L D W E L L G . W A R D

v i i

CONTENTS OF VOLUME 1

Preface lo Volume I ^ Resistance Calculations, Tests and Design (1)

Hydrodynamic Optimization Using Shipflow l-l

L. Larsson, K. J. Kim, B. Esping and D. Holm

An Optimum Hull Form Design , . . . 117

S. Y. Kim and S. C. Shin

Optimal Ship Forms for Minimum Total Resistance with the Consideration of

Boundary Layer and Wake 1-33 C. C. Hsiung, Y. J. He and L. Z. Cong

Resistance Calculations, Tests and Design (2)

A Modified Method for Resistance Prediction of Large Full Form Ships with

Bulbous Bows 1-47

K. J. Clw, S. W. Hong, S. H. Lee and K. J. Lee

An Experimental Study on the Ship Performance Improving Appendages . . 1.60

K. J. Lee, S. W. Joa, M. Park and Y.W.Lee

Experimental Study on the Optimum Ratio of Entrance and Run Parts According to

Ship Speed for Full Slow-Speed Ships . 1-73

K. S. Min

Resistance Calculations, Tests and Design (3)

A Practical Tool for Reliable Predictions ofthe Speed-Resistance Curve for Fishing

Vessels 1-87

R. Rocchi

Hydrodynamic Design ofthe Stern Hull Form: Recent BSHC Achievements 1.101

A. Minchev

Wave Forces and Seakeeping (1)

Effects of Directional Waves on the Behaviour of Semi-submersible Rigs . . 1.116

viii

Far-Field and Near-Field Investigations of Second-Order Force Predictions . 1.130

G. E. Hearn and P. Goodwin

Expenmental Investigation of the Behaviour of Two Moored Ships in Oblique

Waves 1 14-7

S. Spassov, R. Nacliev and P. Vassilev

Wave Forces and Seakeeping (2)

New Approach to Ship Hydrodynamic Problems Using Matched Asymptotic

Expansion Method 1.160

Y. L. Vorobiov

Practical Estimation Method for Added Resistance, Wave Induced Steady Lateral

Force and Turning Moment in Oblique Waves 1.176

S. Naito and K. Takagi

Accuracy and Optimization of Captive Ship Model Tests 1.190

M. Vanlorre

Wave Forces and Seakeeping (3)

Quick Strip Theory Calculations in Ship Design 1.204

/ M. J. Journée

Optimization of Hull Form for Seakeeping Performance 1.219

A. Zborowski and S. J. Liu

Practical Seakeeping for Design: An Optimised Approach 1.233

K. Sariöz, G. E. Hearn and W. Hills

Manoeuvring

Manoeuvring Criteria at the Design Stage 1.247 C. G. Biancardi and D. R. Deliwo

The Manual Steering Criterion Based upon Phase Margin L266

D. Clarke, C. S. Cox and R Fox

Assessment and Improvement of Ship Handling Characteristics . . . . L284

K. Martinussen

Fast Craft: Performance

Motion Control and Wave Loads of High-Speed Ships with Hydrofoils

ix

Computer Simulation and Model Testing: A Combined Approach to Predict

Dynamic Performance of SES Craft 1.330

P. Kaplan

Fast Craft: Loads

Structural Loading Aspects in the Design of SWATH Ships . . . . 1.346

H. S. Chan, E. B. Djatmiko, A. E Miller and L. B. Caldwell

Global Loads on High-Speed Catamarans 1.360

O. Faltinsen, J. R. Hojf, J. Kvalsvold and R. Zhao

Propulsion and Equipment Systems (1)

Design of Ships Fitted with Two-Stroke Engines in View of Low Vibration Level 1.374

/. Asmussen and H. Munm

Electric Propulsion for Research Vessels 1.388

B. E. K. Gilmour and R. E Zbinden

Propulsion and Equipment Systems (2)

Thrust Measurement Techniques in Sea Trial Conditions: Assessment and New

Developments 1.403

T. Suzuki, M. Nakato, M. Uchida and A. Lewkowicz

Reliability and Maintainability Design of Ship Equipments 1.419

R. De Dominicis, M. Rapone and R. Apolloni

Configuration of Propellers and Thrust Distribution of ROV Propulsion Systems 1.433

T. Graczyk

Ship and Rudder Forces

Hydroelastic Vibration Analysis of Structures in Contact with Fluid . . . 1.445

K. T. Chung, Y. B. Kim and H. S. Kang

Estimation of Rudder Torque of a Maneuvering Ship 1.458

I. Y. Gong, C. G. Kang, S. A. Kweon and Y. R. Joo Ship Vibration (1)

Experimental Identification of Vibration System 1.472

J. Michimoto

The Improvement of Vibration Behavior of Structures by Computer Graphic

Simulation and by a Multiple Criteria Method 1.486 C. E Hung, H. C. Kuo and J T. Chiu

Rayleigh-Ritz Analysis of Vibration and Dynamic Sensitivity of Double Wall

Panels Using Polynomials Having the Property of Timoshenko Beam Functions 1.500

X

Ship Vibration (2)

Experimental Investigations for High Frequency Vibration Prediction with a SEA

Theoretical Model . . . 1.514

T. Kihara and O. Miyala

Development o f a New Reduction System of Vibration Due to Surface Force . 1.527

T. Yamano and H. Shimizu

An Approach to the Solution of Ship Vibration Problems 1.541

G. T. Wilisitare and P. K. Das

Propeller Design (1)

A Viscous Effect Approach to the Computation of Propeller Performance . . 1.558

Y Wang

Practical Quasi-Continuous Method to Calculate Propeller Characteristics in

Uniform Inflow . 1.568

K. Nakataice, J. Ando, M. Murakami and M. Kuroi

The Design and Development of Fixed Pitch Propellers for High Powered Merchant

Ships 1.580

G. Patience and L. Badger

.

Propeller Design (2)

The Geometric Design of Marine Propeller Blades Using the PDE Method . 1.596 C. Dekanski, M. I. G. Bloor, H. Nowacki and M. J. Wilson

A Knowledge-Based Propeller CAD System . 1 . 6 1 0

P. Petrov, V. Hadjimikhalev and A. Hainwv Ship Noise (1)

The Applications of Sound Intensity Technique in Research for Noise Abatement

on Ships 1.625

5. Weyna

Propeller Noise Reduction Caused by PBCF (Propeller Boss Cap Fins) . . 1.634

K. Ouchi, M. Tamashima and K. Arai

Total Noise Prediction System for a Passenger Cruise Ship . . . 1.648

K. lino and 1. Honda

Ship Noise (2)

Ship Design to Minimise Underwater Radiated Noise 1.662

R. T. Morrow and G. Armstrong

Influence of Propeller Design on Noise and Vibration Control . . . . 1.677

X I

An Example of Noise Control On Board a Tug 1,690

K. Juras

Performance Prediction

On the Theoretical and Experimental Approaches for Improvements of Ship

Propulsive Efficiencies 1,703

H. Kim, S. H. Lee and C. S. Lee

A New Power Prediction Method for a Ship with a High Block Coefficient . 1.715

N. Sasal<i, M. Mil(utsu and K. Muratcami

Measurement-Uncertainty Analysis in Propulsive Performance Test of Ship Model 1.729 5. Nisliio and Y. Himeno

Index of Coniribulors IC-1

CONTENTS O F VOLUME 2

Preface to Volume 2

Primary Hull Strength Analysis

The Ultimate Longitudinal Strength of a Ship's Hull 2.745

D. W. Chalmers and C. S. Smith

A Simplified Approach for the Racking Analysis of a Car Carrier at the Initial Stage

of Structural Design 2.764

Y. Sumi

Ultimate Hull Girder Strength Analysis Using Idealized Structural Unit Method: A Case Study for Double Hull Girder with Transverseless System . . . 2 778

J. K. Paik

Probability and Reliability-Based Structural Design (1)

Statistical Characteristics of Long-Term Wave-Induced Load for Fatigue Strength

Analysis for Ships 2.792

Y. Tomita, H. Kawabe and T. Fukuoka

Probabilistic Structural Analysis for the Web Frame of Tankers . . . 2 806

S. J. Yim, Y S. Yang and J. H. Kim

Reliability Based Limit State Design Format of Ship Structures . . . . 2.820

X l l

Probability and Reliability-Based Structural Design (2)

On the Reliability Assessment of Double Skinned Hull Structures against Ultimate Bending and Fatigue Strengths

/ S. Lee and P. D. C. Yang

The Probabilistic Approach: A Tool for Ship Rules Improvement

D. Beghin, M. Huther and G. Parmenlier

2.834

2.847

Structural Design, Criteria and Methodology (1)

Unified Structural Design Method for Standard and Non-standard Design Requirements . . .

O. F. Hughes and T. R. McNatt

A Practical Design of Hull Structures 7^ Wada and M. Mano

An Integrated System for the Basic Design of Ship Structure

Y. D. Kim, S. W. Parlc, M. C. Won, J. G. Shin, B. H. Kim and K. Y. Lee

2.860

2.873

2.887

Structural Design, Criteria and Methodology (2)

A New Structural Design Concept of Oil Tanker for Oil Pollution Prevention: Concept, Verification Test, Prototype Design and Safety Evaluation .

/ K. Paik, C. Y Kim, J. Y. Kim and Y S. Jang

Performance Criteria vs. Design Standards for Commercial Tank Vessels .

P. Thomas and T. Wierzbicki

Some Developments in the Design of Container Ships . . .

D. J. Rule

Structural Design, Criteria and Methodology (3)

Structural Design by Neuro-Optimizer

M. Kishi, T. Suzuki and R. Hosoda

Load Combinations by Log-Likelihood Maximization: A Method for Rational Design and Assessments of Marine Structures

IK B. Shi

Structural Design of a Midship Cargo Hold: Rule-Based and Rational Procedures

M. K. Rahman

Offshore Structures

Design of Semisubmersible Columns Using Multiple Criteria Methods and Expert Systems

/. M. do A. Vasconcellos, R. C. Batista and J. C. Cyrino

2.940

2.953

2.966

Effect of Boundary Conditions on the Extent of Damage of Offshore Tubulars Due

to Collisions 2.994

S. R. Clw, J. S. Kwon and R A. Frieze

Fatigue Crack Growth Analysis in Welded Tubular X-Joints under Multiple Axis of

Loading Using Line Spring and Thick Shell Finite Elements . . . . 2.1007

W. Fröhling

Production and Design •

Structured Production Engineering Input to Ship Production . . . . 2.1019

R L. Storch

Recent Development of VLCC Design and Construction by the Daewoo

Shipbuilding & Heavy Machinery Ltd 2.1033

//. 5. Bong and S. H. Han

Steel Weight Estimation for Ships 2.1047

S. A. Harvald and J. Juncher Jensen

Local Strength and Panel Buckling

Post-Buckling Design for Very Thin Stiffened Plates under Repeated Axial Loads 2.1060

Y. Veda, Y. Tomita, K. Umezaki, H. Mizuno, Y. Kawamoto, S. Nishimura and S. Kusuba

Ultimate Load Behaviour of Trapezoidal Stiffened Car Decks . . . . 2.1074

E. Lehmann and L. Zhang

Detail Design of Welded Ship Structures Based on Hot-Spot Stresses . . . 2.1087 H< Fricke and H. Petershagen

Collisions and Grounding

Analysis and Design of Ship Structures for Grounding Collision . . . . 2.1101

/ Amdahl and D. Kavlie

Probability ofthe Appearance of Damage Penetrations in Addition to Longitudinal

Locations and Extents of Ship Collision Damage 2.1115

A:. Jakic

Stability and Safety (1)

Risk Analysis Applied to the Capsizing of High-Speed Craft in Beam Seas. . 2.1131

N. Umeda, Y. Ikeda and S. Suzuki

Advanced Stability Calculations for a Freely Floating Rig 2.1146

M. Pawlowski

Stability and Safety (2)

Stability Estimation Based on Simulative Modelling 2.1161

A New Methodology in Order to Verify the Ship's Stability in the Preliminary

Design Stage 2.1173

G. Boccadamo, P. Cassella, S. Mauro and A. Scamardeda

Some Aspects of a Knowledge-Based Expert System for Preliminary Ship

Subdivision Design for Safety 2.1187

R Sen and M. K. Gerigk

Special Materials Problems

Stress Design Criteria for Highly-Skewed High-Speed Propellers . . . . 2.1198

T. B. Ibragimova, M. A. Mavluydov, V. D. Dimitroo and P. G. Kozliukharov

Finite Element Modelling as a Design Tool fpr Advanced Composite Marine

Structures 2.1209 C. Hornzee-Jones, Y. Harari and R. A. Siienoi

Design Aspects

Practical Design of Ships and Mobile Units: Objectives for Research, Development

and Evaluation 2.1225

G. H. Fuller

Applying the PREVENT-IT Safety Methodology to Ship Design Activities . 2.1244 C. Kuo

Towards a Structured Methodology for the Ship Predesign Process 2.1258

N. E. A. Hassan and K.-D. Thoben

On the Development of Computer Integrated Basic Ship Design and Performance

Analysis System . 2.1269

K. K Lee, S. W. Suh and S. H Han

QUAESTOR: A Knowledge-Based System for Computations in Preliminary Ship

Design 2.1284

M. van Hees

Design Systems (2)

CONDES: A Preliminary Warship Design Tool to Aid Customer Decision Making 2.1298

K. M. Hyde and D. J. Andrews

A Simplification to the Fairing Process in Ship Design which Provides an Accurate

Product Model 2.1311

D. Calley, A. Ives-Smith, N. Basu and E. Ecklon

Study on the Automatic Stiffener Layout Method under CAD Environment . 2.1328

Vessel Design: Ro-Ro and Container Ships

Overloading of Commercial Vehicles Offered for Sea Transport and Ro-Ro Ships'

Safety 2.1337

M. Maestro, A. Marino and G. Russo Krauss

Simulation Models for Evaluation of Marine Transport Systems . . . . 2.1350

J. Igielska and J. Igielski

An Optimum Structural Design System for Container Ships . . . . 2.1363

A. Abe and I. Neki

Criteria and Tools for the Design of Passenger Vessels 2.1377

M. Meizoso and A. Molina

The Tanker Design for Prevention of Oil Pollution'Mid-Deck Tanker' . . 2.1394

A. Hirai and H. Isoda

Tanker Design Aspects Following the OPA 90 Legislation 2.1407

T. L. Neyharl, D. R Roseman, J. Sirkar and H. R Cojeen

Use of Environmental and Operational Data in Design for Safety of Smaller Vessels 2.1430

E. A. Dahle and D. Myrhaug

Multiattribute Decision Making System Based on Random Generation of

Nondominated Solutions: An Application to Fishing Vessel Design . , . 2.1443

V. Éanic, I. Grubisic and G. Trincas

Dialogue-Based Software Package of Request for Proposal for Fishing Vessel

Design . _ 2.1461

Vessel Design: Passenger Ships and Tankers

Small Craft Design: Fishing Vessels

K E. Ivanov and A. V. Apollinariev

Small Craft Design: Tugs

Computer-Aided Preliminary Design of Tugs

R K. Pal 2.1475

The Design and Construction of a Class of Voith Tractor Tugs

P. Aaron 2.1489