4th INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE
TRANSPORT SYSTEM S TELEM ATICS TST’04
Z E SZ Y T Y N A U K O W E PO LITEC H N IK I Ś LĄ SK IEJ 2004
T R A N SPO R T z.55, n r kol. 1657
telematics, exploitation, material handling devices, investigations
Janusz S Z P Y T K O 1 A rtur K O C E R B A 2
T E L E M A T IC S IN S U P E R V IS IO N O F M A N U F A C T U R E T R A N SP O R T D EV IC ES
The paper is focusing on using telematic in exploitation process o f manufacture transport devices.
The own solutions o f telematics systems in use, dedicated to overhead cranes, have been presented.
T E L E M A T Y K A W N A D Z O R O W A N IU PR O C E SU E K SPL O A T A C JI Ś R O D K A T R A N SP O R T U B L ISK IE G O
Przedmiotem artykułu jest zastosowanie telematyki w środkach transportu bliskiego.
Przedstawiono własne rozwiązania w zakresie stosowania układów telematycznych w procesie eksploatacji suwnic pomostowych.
1. IN T R O D U C T IO N
O ne o f m ore essential areas o f using telem atics is the transportation. Telem atics is focusing on inform ation-orientated activities, considering possible restrictions. Rational w orking on an object (person o r cargo) is possible only w ith using possessed inform ation.
W orking on the inform ation includes: getting the inform ation from different sources (m onitoring), processing the inform ation in a p roper w ay (and an useful w ay for person w ho is undertaking decisions), recording the inform ation on digital m edia types for archival purpose or prognoses (storing), sending the inform ation to interested recipient (transm ission), p resentation o f th e inform ation fo r the decision necessities.
1 AGH University o f Science and Technology, Faculty o f Mechanical Enginnering and Robotics, Department o f Technological Equipment and Environmental Protection, M ickiewicza Ave. 30, PL 30-059 Kraków, Poland;
szpytko@uci.agh.edu.pl
2 AGH University o f Science and Technology, Faculty o f Mechanical Enginnering and Robotics, Department o f Technological Equipment and Environmental Protection, Mickiewicza Ave. 30, PL 30-059 Kraków, Poland;
kocerba@ uci.agh.edu.pl
4 1 8 J a n u s z S Z P Y T K O , A rtu r K O C E R B A
U sing telem atics in transportation is the subject o f num erous publications, for example [1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 7, 8], The authors are focused on follow ing problem s:
the id entification o f cargo o r/and th e m eans o f transport,
supporting th e decision process in m anaging m eans o f transport and the special services (in case o f u n favorable events, w hich can m enace the exploational safety of the transportation system ),
generating the inform ation in the form o f rescue code (in case o f danger-event).
T elem atics essentially increases the transportation safety, lets optim ize the routes of carrying cargos, and in effect, reduce the costs o f transportation, as w ell as enlarge the reliab ility o f transp o rtatio n system s. T he m etho d o lo g y o f transportation system m odelling using telem atics is p resen ted in bo o k [8].
2. T E L E M A T IC S SY S T E M S IN M A N U F A C T U R E T R A N S P O R T D EV IC ES
T elem atics is also used in m anufactuire tran sp o rt devices: in operation- and serving process. F o r exam ple, the m obile vehicles [10] the autom ated guided vehicles (AG V ), the racking (R S) m achines applied in n arrow -aisle system s, and container gantry cranes. There are also w ell-know n system s supervising the functions o f K one lifts, as w ell as the mobile robots [5].
M ore an d m ore often, in autom ated transportation and production system s - the exploitation o f m eans o f transport is supported b y gaining, processing, transm ission and p resen tatio n devices, for th e control and supervise necessities. The exam ple - b lock schem a o f device-o p erato r co o peration is show n on F igure 1. In practice, in transportation-production process, w ith the particip atio n o f n -th n u m b er o f transport m eans, a problem o f inform ation flow is a com plicated process, w h ich needs som e special procedures in m anagem ent area (using the algorithm s k n ow n in operating research and com puter-aided algorithm s). The exam ple o f inform ation tran sm issio n system s b etw een cooperating devices and operators is show n o n F igure 2.
F ig .l. The block schema o fjo in t cooperation o f operators with device
T e le m a tic s in su p e rv is io n o f m a n u fa c tu re tr a n s p o rt d e v ic e s 4 1 9
Fig.2. Examples o f information transmission systems between co-operating devices and operators
In practice, m ost o f exploited m anufacture transport devices include a device and an operator. R em ote control system s are not very p o pular at this m om ent, because o f the safety and th e o p era to rs’ psychophysical barrier, and because o f special training required. N ow , the operato r’s cabins are often provided w ith additional devices w hich support his decision process. T he exam ples o f inform ation panels applied in m anufacture transport devices were show n on Figure 3.
Fig.3. Example o f device operator desktops
3. S U PE R V ISIO N SY ST E M OF O V ER H EA D C R A N E E X PL O ITA TIO N PR O C ESS
T here w as a test o f m aking rem ote supervising system for overhead crane. The real device, w ith hoisting capacity Q = 12,5 [t], span L = 16 [m ], w as equipped w ith m onitoring system o f chosen exploational param eters. The inform ations w ere transm itted from the sensors installed on the crane, by a w ire link, to the com puter (Fig.4). The exam ple o f o perator w indow w as show n on Figure 5.
4 2 0 Ja n u s z S Z P Y T K O , A rtu r K O C ER B A
i— --- 1
Fig.4. Block schema o f crane supervising system (with wire link)
Fig.5. Overhead crane’s operator w indow panel
T he electronic platform o f m onitoring data m anagem ent and C A S IP expert know ledge [9] w as included into device exploitation supervising system . T he C A S IP environm ent enables th e realization o f supervising device exploatation preventive-process [8].
F or the research o f o verhead crane rem ote control system , there w as a research station (Fig. 6) d esigned and built in D epartm ent o f T echnological E quipm ent and Environm ental P rotection on A G H in C racow , in T echnological T ransportation G roup. The substantial part o f this station w as the overhead crane m odel w ith hoisting capacity o f Q =100 kg. D ata from the device and from th e environm ent w ere transm itted by w ire link, b y the internet, and b y the w ireless broadcast. The d ata transm ission system w as using the w i-fi card (e.g. W ireless) with the b andw idth up to 11 M b/s, in the range o f over a dozen m eters.
T e le m a tic s in s u p e rv isio n o f m a n u fa c tu re tr a n s p o rt d e v ic e s 421
Fig.6. Picture o f the research station
T he research station (Fig. 6) enables gaining the inform ation about the device environm ent (by C C D cam eras), and about th e crane characterized w ith selected exploational parameters.
The device control system and inform ation transm ission system include: the driver, digital recording card, local server, sw itch, n etw ork card, and tw o com puters. The process o f using the crane is w atched from distant room , on the m onitors. The operator can control the crane from here.
T here are plans to use th e station to research the overhead crane exploitation process supported by telem atic solutions. The results o f this experim ent w ill be published in the follow ing papers.
4. C O N C L U SIO N S
U sing the telem atics in transportation allow s com plying the expectations in: reduction o f transport supply m anagem ent costs, increase o f safety and reliability o f transportation services, and autom ation o f decision process. P articularly, the challenges for telem atics in transportation include:
• technical assurance o f com m unication betw een units o f transportation system ,
• b uilding active safety system in distinguished categories o f transportation,
• b uilding inform ation gaining system s (and storing the inform ation in database),
4 2 2 Ja n u s z S Z P Y T K O , A rtu r K O C ER B A
• build in g in tegrated database gathering cargos, m eans o f transport, environment/
infrastructure data, m onito rin g / observing o f special cargo transportation (e.g.
dangerous m aterials),
• m onitoring o f the safety and the duty o f transportation infrastructure.
B IB L IO G R A PH Y
[1] BARTCZAK K.: Technologia RFID według TSS, Logistyka, z.2, s. 64-66, Warszawa, 2000
[2] FTECHT M, JANIK M., RIECKENBERG T., SALZ D.: Telematyka w kolejowych przewozach towarowych-transport ładunków niebezpiecznych, Technika Transportu Szynowego, z .l, s. 6-13, W arszawa, 2000
[3] KO RVER W ., HARRELL L.: Definition o f European Transport Systems, FANTASIE Deliverable 13, Delft, TNO-INRO, 1999
[4] OCHIENG W. Y., SAUER K.: Urban road transport navigation: performance o f the global positioning system after selective availability. Transportation Research Part C: Emerging Technologies, v. 10, Issue 3, p. 171-187, June 2002
[5] SCHILLING K.: Tele-m aintenance o f industrial transport robots. Proceedings o f 15th Triennial World Congress, Barcelona, Spain, IF AC, 2002
[6] SZPYTKO J., KOCERBA A.: Telem atyka narzędziem jakościow ego kształtowania transportu.
Autom atyzacja i eksploatacja systemów sterowania i łączności, Kitowski Z., Lisowski J. Eds., t.l, s. 169- 176, AM W Gdynia, 2003
[7] SZPYTKO J. (Red.): Reorganizacja technicznych procesów działania w przedsiębiorstwach w aspekcie globalizacji rynku. Oficyna Cracovia, Kraków, 2000
[8] SZPYTKO J.: Kształtowanie procesu eksploatacji środków transportu bliskiego. Biblioteka Problemów Eksploatacji, ITE, Kraków - Radom, 2004
[9] SZPYTKO J., IUNG B., LEGER J.B., HARRISON D.K.: Computer aided safety and productivity system for cranes. Proceedings o f 21sl Conference on European Plant Engineering Committe (CETIS, VDEh), 2002 [10] ULATOW SKI W ., M ASŁOW SKI A.: Pojazdy sterowane automatycznie. Pomiary Automatyka Robotyka,
z. 10, s.28-31, W arszawa, 2003
R eview er: Ph. D. Jerzy M ikulski
