Integration models : multicultural and liberal approaches confronted - Biblioteka UMCS

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ABSTRACT

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WÂNP^-2·day^WÂNP^-2·day^RQDYHUDJHLQWKHUHVHDUFKSHULRG The mechanical denudation rate for the Scott River catchment ZDVWÂNP^-2·day^RQDYHUDJHDQGFKDQJHGLQWKHUDQJHIURPGR

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Key wordsGHQXGDWLRQK\GURFKHPLVWU\glacier K\GURORJ\6YDOEDUG

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Glacial mass balance has in general been negative in Svalbard during the last 40

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450 mm·year^RQDYHUDJH.LOOLQJWYHLWHWDO The best documented result of water balance changes is recession of glaciers and related changes of landscape as ZHOODVFRQGLWLRQVRIHQHUJ\DQGPDVVFLUFXODWLRQ,QWKHUHVHDUFKHVRIÀXYLDOWUDQV- SRUWRIGLVVROYHGDQGVXVSHQGHGVHGLPHQWVLWVVWUXFWXUHDQGVHDVRQDOFKDQJHDELO-

Chemical and mechanical denudation rates in the Scott River FDWFKPHQW6YDOEDUGGXULQJWKHVXPPHUVHDVRQ

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of those researches are the basis for calculations of the rate of chemical and me- FKDQLFDOGHQXGDWLRQLQJODFLHUL]HGDQGQRQJODFLHUL]HGFDWFKPHQWV%DUVFKHWDO

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Studies of chemical and mechanical denudation of the Scott River were carried RXWGXULQJVXPPHUH[SHGLWLRQVRI0DULD&XULH6NáRGRZVND8QLYHUVLW\UHVHDUFK

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WKHOHYHORIWÂNP^-2·yr^ %DUWRV]HZVNL,QWKHPDLQSXUSRVHRIK\- drological and hydrochemical researches of the Scott River was evaluation of the ORDGRIRXWÀRZHGVHGLPHQWVLQWKHIRUPRIVROXWLRQVDQGVXVSHQVLRQVFRQFHUQLQJ

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The study area was located on the coastal lowland reaching Recherche Fiord )LJ 7KH JURXQG VXUIDFH LQ WKH FRDVWDO ]RQH LV EXLOW RI 4XDWHUQDU\ GHSRVLWV

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The main object of hydrological studies in the group of glacierized basins in WKH%HOOVXQGUHJLRQ:HGHO-DUOVEHUJ/DQGLVWKH6FRWW5LYHU6FRWWHOYDFDWFK- PHQW^o¶1^o¶(ZKLFKFDUULHVZDWHUVWR5HFKHUFKH)LRUGWKHVRXWKHUQ

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the coastal plain – Calypsostranda and partially glacierized mountain valley be- WZHHQWKH%RKOLQU\JJHQDQG:LMNDQGHUEHUJHWPDVVLIV,QWKHJODFLHURFFX- SLHGNP²=DJyUVNLHWDO7KHKLJKHVWSDUWVRIWKHJODFLHUUHDFKP DVODQGLWVIURQWJRHVGRZQWRDERXWPDVO7KHOHQJWKRIWKHJODFLHULVNP

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the ravine in frontal moraine ridge of the Scott River water discharges onto the RXWZDVKDUHDZKHUHWKHULYHUIRUPVDYDVWJOHQV\VWHP7KHZDWHUJDXJHVWDWLRQ

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water gauge station in the Scott River catchment supplied discharge summer sea- VRQGDWDVLQFHZLWKLQWHUUXSWLRQLQ±±DQG±

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and gauge data have allowed to calculate the rating curves and to determine the

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down the river in order to evaluate the diversity of physico-chemical indices in the FRQWUROSUR¿OHRIWKHULYHU7KH\LQFOXGHGWKHZDWHUVIURP6FRWW*ODFLHUIRUH¿HOG

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Chemical and mechanical denudation in the Scott catchment was calculated on the basis of hydrometric and hydrochemical studies according to the following IRUPXOD3XOLQD

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where:

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Mineral composition of suspended sediment samples was determined by GLIIUDFWLRQ 57* DQG WKHUPDO DQDO\VLV '7$ ,Q WKH WHPSHUDWXUH UDQJH ±

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lowland vanished and the main component of runoff was proglacial waters from WKHORZHUDQGFHQWUDOSDUWVRIWKH6FRWW*ODFLHU-XO\ZDVGU\XQWLO^th-XO\RQO\

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of discharge up to the value 445 dm³·s^on 27^th-XO\,QFUHDVHRIDLUWHPSHUDWXUH

in the second half of August and several days’ long period of higher precipitation FDXVHGLQWHQVLYHDEODWLRQRIWKH6FRWW*ODFLHUDQGGLVFKDUJHLQFUHDVH7KHZDUPHVW

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phenomenon is typical of the areas situated in the coastal zone of Spitsbergen .UDZF]\NHWDO&KPLHOHWDO.UDZF]\NHWDO$VVXPLQJDV

the base characteristic relations of chloride concentrations to the other indices LQVHDZDWHUDQGOLQNLQJREWDLQHGYDOXHVWRLRQVUDWLRVLQZHWIDOOSDUWLFLSDWLRQ

of sea and continental ions which mould chemistry of precipitation waters was HVWLPDWHG:HLJKWHGDYHUDJHPLQHUDOL]DWLRQYDOXHFDOFXODWHGDVWKHVXPRILRQV

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transformation of water physicochemical composition occurred mainly in the IURQWDO]RQHRIWKHJODFLHU6WUHDPVIURPVXEJODFLDOGUDLQDJHFRQWDLQHGHYHQXSWR

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further dissolution of carbonates contained in the suspension and its mixing with PRUHPLQHUDOL]HGZDWHUVRULJLQDWLQJIURPWKHQRQJODFLDUL]HG]RQH

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of physicochemical composition of the Scott River waters were described based RQWKHLQYHVWLJDWLRQVFDUULHGRXWLQWKHODVWFHQWXU\%DUWRV]HZVNLDQG0DJLHUVNL

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transported material decreased with the river course to several – several hundred mg·dm^-37KRVHYDOXHVDUHORZHUE\RUGHURIPDJQLWXGHWKDQWKHDPRXQWRIVXV- SHQGHGPDWHULDOREVHUYHGLQVXEJODFLDOULYHUV,QWKHVDPSOHVVLWHVRIWKH6FRWW

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samples  9 9 6 39

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The water investigations in individual stages of the hydrological cycle VKRZHGPRVWO\ORZFRQWHQWRIVXEVWDQFHVRIELRJHQLFFKDUDFWHU7KHFRQWHQWVRI

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Chemical denudation in glacierized catchments has an important role to as- sess contemporary changes in the polar environment and to interpret historical WUDQVIRUPDWLRQV,QDVVXPLQJWKHRULJLQRISK\VLFRFKHPLFDOLQGLFHVLQWKHZDWHUV

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REFERENCES

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