Logika Starożytnego Orientu. Sikora Sławomir
Instytut Językoznawstwa UAM
Część I
Trzy okresy rozwoju logiki indyjskiej Starożytna szkoła logiki indyjskiej
1. Ānviks.iki – filozofia i logika.
2.1. Epistemologiczne i metodologiczne założenia Nyāya - Śāstra - prāmana (Wiedza Poprawna)
- prāmeya (przedmiot Wiedzy Poprawnej) - prayojana (cel)
- samśaya (wątpienie ) - drs.tanta (egzemplifikacja) - siddhanta (doktryna)
2.2. Nyāya – Śũtra i logika dyskursu mistrza Aks.apada Struktura i kategorie logiczne Nyāya – Śũtra
- avāyava (części sylogizmu) - tārka (błędy )
- nirn.āya (dowodzenie) - vāda (debata)
- jāpa (kłótnia)
- hetvabhasa (falsyfikacja) - jati (analogia)
- nigrāhasthāna (niepowodze)
Średniowieczna szkoła logiki indyjskiej 1. System logiki Jaina
2. Teoria sylogizm Bhadrabāhu 3. Logika buddyjska
3.1 Budda Gautama
3.2 Brahmajāla Sutta i Anumāna Sutta
3.3 Mādhyamika – kārikā szkoła buddyjska Nāgārjuny i Ārya Deva 3.4 Mitreya – sztuka debatownia Ārya Asańga i Vasubandhu 4. Dignāga ojciec średniowiecznej logiki buddyjskiej
- Dignāga – Nyāya – praveśa - Dignāga – Hetu – cakrahamaru - Pramāna – Sāstra – Nyāya – Praveśa Nowożytna logika indyjska
1.Neo – brāhman.ic 2.Nyāya i Vaiśes.ka
3.Tattva – cintāman.i mistrza Gangeśa system
6. Od Nyāya –Sātra, Nyāya Praveśa do Tattva – cintāman. - pojęcie ciągłość metodologicznej w indyjskiej logice
Część II
Starożytna filozofia i logika chińska
1. Projekt poprawy nazw 孔子 Kǒngzǐ, shǔ 属[屬] zasady, rzeczy i nazwa.
2. Mò Dí (Micius) 墨 翟 (480?-400 p.n.e) rúyǎ 儒 – szkoła wszechogarniającej miłości.
3. Yáng Zhū 杨朱 [楊-] (ok 400 p.ne) – mędrzec deklarujący etyczny egoizm.
4. Mèng Zǐ 孟子 (372-289 p.n.e)
5. Míngjiā 名 家 . Szkoła Nazw (School of Logicians).
Teoria względności Hui Shi , teoria powszechników Gongsun Longa.
6. Lǎo Zǐ 老子- podstawy daoizmu, Księgi drogi i cnoty.
7. Zhuāngzǐ 庄子[莊-] ( 369-286 p.n.e) tzw. trzeci okres taoizmu.
8. Szkoła Późnych Moistów – style logicznej argumentacji.
Część III
Chińska Logika Buddyjska
1. Historyczne osadzenie buddyzmu w filozofii chińskiej.
2. YIN MING 因 明n ( Indian “science of cause”).
3. System chińskiej logiki buddyjskiej Xinzonga. Właściwa forma argumentacji w chińskiej logice buddyjskiej.
4. Konstytutywna rola presupozycji i porozumienia w formułowaniu dowodów.
5. Pojęcie i struktura tezy.
6. O metafizycznym związku między podmiotem i orzeczeniem.
Rozumowanie 因 yin – aspekt lingwistyczny, intelektualny i semantyczny.
7. Dziewięć rodzajów yin 因 w chińskiej logice buddyjskiej.
8. Jedyny Aksjomat systemu - filozofia jedynej świadomości Porównanie systemu yin ming z Organon Arystotelesa.
Część IV
Komparatystyka logiczna – metodologia (próba)
Literatura :
Logika Indyjska
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Literatura:
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"A theory of analogic reasoning is established in which concepts are equated with boolean algebras and analogies with homomorphism.
