Political Preferences
Preferencje polityczne
10/2015
Redakcja naukowa: Robert Alberski Zbigniew Widera Katowice 2015SURI GU KDE 5RPDQ %lFNHU 8QLZHUV\WHW 0LNRáDMD .RSHUQLND Z 7RUXQLX 3ROVND SURI GU KDE 7DGHXV] *RGOHZVNL 8QLZHUV\WHW 0LNRáDMD .RSHUQLND Z 7RUXQLX 3ROVND SURI GU KDE ,ZRQD -DNXERZVND%UDQLFND 8QLZHUV\WHW :DUV]DZVNL 3ROVND SURIGUKDE6ODYRPLU0DJiO8QLZHUV\WHWĞZ&\U\ODL0HWRGHJRZ7UQDZLH6áRZDFMD SURI GU KDE -R]HI 0DW~ã 8QLZHUV\WHW ĞZ &\U\OD L 0HWRGHJR Z 7UQDZLH 6áRZDFMD SURI GU KDE /LERU 3DYHUD :\ĪV]D 6]NRáD +DQGORZD 3UDJD &]HFK\ SURI GU KDE 'DQD3HWUDQRYi8QLZHUV\WHWĞZ&\U\ODL0HWRGHJRZ7UQDZLH6áRZDFMDSURIGUKDE 2OJD3URNRSHQNR6XPVNL8QLZHUV\WHW1DURGRZ\8NUDLQDSURIGUKDE7HUHVD6DVLĔVND.ODV 8QLZHUV\WHW -DJLHOORĔVNL Z .UDNRZLH 3ROVND SURI GU KDE -HU]\ 6LHOVNL 8QLZHUV\WHW 6]F]HFLĔVNL3ROVNDGU0DUFMDQQD$XJXVW\Q8QLZHUV\WHWZ+XOO$QJOLDSURI-DQD*DOHUD 0DW~ãRYi8QLZHUV\WHWĞZ&\U\ODL0HWRGHJRZ7UQDZLH6áRZDFMD .ROHJLXPUHGDNF\MQH GUKDE$JQLHV]ND7XUVND.DZDUHGDNWRUQDF]HOQD PJU0DFLHM0DUPRODVHNUHWDU] GUKDE5REHUW$OEHUVNLUHGDNWRUWHPDW\F]Q\V\VWHP\L]DFKRZDQLDZ\ERUF]H GUKDE'DQXWD3OHFNDSURI80.UHGDNWRUWHPDW\F]Q\LGHQW\¿NDFMHSROLW\F]QH GUKDEàXNDV]7RPF]DNUHGDNWRUWHPDW\F]Q\SDUWLHSROLW\F]QH GUKDE=ELJQLHZ:LGHUDSURI8(UHGDNWRUWHPDW\F]Q\PDUNHWLQJSROLW\F]Q\ GUKDE:DOGHPDU:RMWDVLNUHGDNWRUWHPDW\F]Q\V\VWHP\SDUW\MQH PJU3U]HP\VáDZ*U]RQNDUHGDNWRUVWDW\VW\F]Q\ 3URMHNWRNáDGNL-DURVáDZ:LFKXUD :HUVMDSLHUZRWQDF]DVRSLVPDSDSLHURZD 5HFHQ]HQFL
GU KDE $JQLHV]ND .DVLĔVND0HWU\ND SURI 8-. Z .LHOFDFK 8QLZHUV\WHW LP -DQD .RFKDQRZVNLHJRZ.LHOFDFKGUKDE0DFLHM'U]RQHN8QLZHUV\WHW6]F]HFLĔVNLGUKDE -DFHN6XU]\Q8QLZHUV\WHWĝOąVNLZ.DWRZLFDFKSURIGUKDE+DQD3UDYGRYi8QLZHUV\WHW ĞZ&\U\ODL0HWRGHJRZ7UQDZLH6áRZDFMDSURIGUKDEďXGPLODýiE\RYi8QLZHUV\WHW ĞZ&\U\ODL0HWRGHJRZ7UQDZLH6áRZDFMDGUKDE-XOLiQD0LQiULNRYi8QLZHUV\WHWĞZ &\U\ODL0HWRGHJRZ7UQDZLH6áRZDFMD &HQWUXP,QQRZDFML7UDQVIHUX7HFKQRORJLLL5R]ZRMX)XQGDFMD8QLZHUV\WHWXĝOąVNLHJR Katowice 2015
:\GDZFą F]DVRSLVPD MHVW ,QVW\WXW 1DXN 3ROLW\F]Q\FK L ']LHQQLNDUVWZD 8QLZHUV\WHWX ĝOąVNLHJRRUD]&HQWUXP,QQRZDFML7UDQVIHUX7HFKQRORJLLL5R]ZRMX)XQGDFMD8QLZHUV\WHWX ĝOąVNLHJR 3DWURQDWQDGSURMHNWHPVSUDZXMą3ROVNLH7RZDU]\VWZR1DXN3ROLW\F]Q\FKRUD]7RZDU]\VWZR ,QLFMDW\Z1DXNRZ\FK ISSN: 2083-327X 'UXN5(0$5ZZZUHPDUVRVQRZLHFSOHPDLOZ\GDZQLFWZR#UHPDUVRVQRZLHFSO
63,675(ģ&,
:VWĊS ... 7 Waldemar Wojtasik 8QLZHUV\WHWĝOąVNLZ.DWRZLFDFK3ROVND
3ROVNLZ\ERUFDZSHUVSHNW\ZLHPRGHOXJáRVRZDQLDUHWURVSHNW\ZQHJR ... 9 àXNDV]7RPF]DN8QLZHUV\WHW6]F]HFLĔVNL3ROVND :\ERUF\SROVNLFKSDUWLLSROLW\F]Q\FKZREHFSUREOHPXUR]ZDUVWZLHQLD VSRáHF]QHJR ... 23 $JQLHV]ND7XUVND.DZD8QLZHUV\WHWĝOąVNLZ.DWRZLFDFK3ROVND &]\QQLNJRVSRGDUF]\MDNRSUHG\NWRU]DFKRZDĔZ\ERUF]\FK ... 37 .DUROLQD7\EXFKRZVND+DUWOLĔVND8QLZHUV\WHW:DUPLĔVNR0D]XUVNL Z2OV]W\QLH3ROVND 3DUW\F\SDFMDSROLW\F]QDZ3ROVFH ... 51 5REHUW$OEHUVNL8QLZHUV\WHW:URFáDZVNL3ROVND
Danuta Plecka 8QLZHUV\WHW0LNRáDMD.RSHUQLNDZ7RUXQLX3ROVND
2E\ZDWHOVNLHNRPSHWHQFMHSROLW\F]QHDZ\EUDQHPRW\Z\SRGHMPRZDQLD GHF\]MLZ\ERUF]\FK ... 71 0DJGDOHQD0XVLDá.DUJ8QLZHUV\WHW$GDPD0LFNLHZLF]DZ3R]QDQLX3ROVND
*áRVRZDQLHHOHNWURQLF]QHMDNRDOWHUQDW\ZQDPHWRGDXF]HVWQLF]HQLD
ZZ\ERUDFKRSLQLH3RODNyZ ... 87 Maciej Marmola 8QLZHUV\WHWĝOąVNLZ.DWRZLFDFK3ROVND
6SRáHF]QHSRVWU]HJDQLHLQVW\WXFMLrecall i weta ludowego w warunkach
polskich ... 109 $JQLHV]NDàXNDVLN7XUHFND.DWROLFNL8QLZHUV\WHW/XEHOVNL-DQD3DZáD,,3ROVND
3RSDUFLHNDQG\GDWDSU]H]OLGHUDSDUWLLDGHF\]MHZ\ERUFyZ
8QLZHUV\WHWĝOąVNLZ.DWRZLFDFK3ROVND 5HNODPDQHJDW\ZQDLZL]HUXQNRZDZRGELRU]HSROVNLHJRHOHNWRUDWX ... 133 7RPDV]2OF]\N8QLZHUV\WHW:DUV]DZVNL3ROVND 6LáDFHOHEU\WyZZNDPSDQLLZ\ERUF]HM ... 147 -DQLQD.RZDOLN8QLZHUV\WHW-DQD.RFKDQRZVNLHJRZ.LHOFDFK3ROVND 'HPRNUDFMDORNDOQDDLGHDRJUDQLF]HQLDOLF]E\NDGHQFMLZyMWyZEXUPLVWU]yZ SUH]\GHQWyZPLDVW ... 159 'RPLQLN6]F]HSDĔVNL8QLZHUV\WHW5]HV]RZVNL3ROVND :\EyURSFMLF]\RVRE\"'HWHUPLQDQW\]DFKRZDĔZ\ERUF]\FKPLHV]NDĔFyZ ZRMHZyG]WZDSRGNDUSDFNLHJRZZ\ERUDFKGR3DUODPHQWX(XURSHMVNLHJR ZUZĞZLHWOHEDGDĔHPSLU\F]Q\FK ... 177 Summaries ... 195
,QWURGXFWLRQ ... 7 Waldemar Wojtasik 8QLYHUVLW\RI6LOHVLDLQ.DWRZLFH3RODQG
3ROLVKYRWHULQWKHSHUVSHFWLYHRIUHWURVSHFWLYHYRWLQJPRGHO ... 9 àXNDV]7RPF]DN6]F]HFLQ8QLYHUVLW\3RODQG 3ROLVKSROLWLFDOSDUWLHVYRWHUVDQGVRFLDOVWUDWL¿FDWLRQSUREOHP ... 23 $JQLHV]ND7XUVND.DZD8QLYHUVLW\RI6LOHVLDLQ.DWRZLFH3RODQG (FRQRPLFIDFWRUDVDSUHGLFWRURIYRWLQJEHKDYLRXU ... 37 .DUROLQD7\EXFKRZVND+DUWOLĔVND8QLYHUVLW\RI:DUPLDDQG0D]XU\LQ 2OV]W\Q3RODQG 3ROLWLFDOSDUWLFLSDWLRQLQ3RODQG ... 51 5REHUW$OEHUVNL8QLYHUVLW\RI:URFáDZ3RODQG
Danuta Plecka 1LFRODXV&RSHUQLFXV8QLYHUVLW\LQ7RUXĔ3RODQG &LYLOSROLWLFDOFRPSHWHQF\DQGFKRVHQUHDVRQVZKHQWDNLQJ
electoral decisions ... 71 0DJGDOHQD0XVLDá.DUJ$GDP0LFNLHZLF]8QLYHUVLW\LQ3R]QDĔ3RODQG
(OHFWURQLFYRWLQJDVDQDOWHUQDWLYHPHWKRGRISDUWLFLSDWLRQLQWKHHOHFWLRQV± RSLQLRQVRI3ROHV ... 87 Maciej Marmola 8QLYHUVLW\RI6LOHVLDLQ.DWRZLFH3RODQG
7KHVRFLDOUHFHSWLRQRIUHFDOODQGSHRSOH¶VYHWRDPRQJ3ROLVKHOHFWRUDWH ... 109 $JQLHV]NDàXNDVLN7XUHFND7KH-RKQ3DXO,,&DWKROLF8QLYHUVLW\RI/XEOLQ 3RODQG
Support the candidate by the party leader and the decisions of voters.
(OHFWRUDOVWXG\ ... 121
8QLYHUVLW\RI6LOHVLDLQ.DWRZLFH3RODQG 1HJDWLYHDQGYLVXDODGYHUWLVLQJLQWKHUHFHSWLRQRI3ROLVKHOHFWRUDWH ... 133 7RPDV]2OF]\N:DUVDZ8QLYHUVLW\3RODQG 7KHVWUHQJWKRIFHOHEULWLHVLQWKHHOHFWLRQFDPSDLJQ ... 147 -DQLQD.RZDOLN7KH-DQ.RFKDQRZVNL8QLYHUVLW\LQ.LHOFH3RODQG /RFDOGHPRFUDF\DQGWKHLGHDRIWHUPOLPLWVYRLWVPD\RUV ... 159 'RPLQLN6]F]HSDĔVNL8QLYHUVLW\RI5]HV]yZ3RODQG 6HOHFWLQJWKHSHUVRQ"'HWHUPLQDQWVRIYRWLQJEHKDYLRULQKDELWDQWVRIWKH 6XEFDUSDWKLDQ9RLYRGHVKLSLQHOHFWLRQVWRWKH(XURSHDQ3DUOLDPHQWLQ in the light of empirical research ... 177 Summaries ... 195
Ä3ROLWLFDO3UHIHUHQFHV´1R '2,P¿JVKDUH
0DJGDOHQD0XVLDã.DUJ
8QLZHUV\WHW$GDPD0LFNLHZLF]DZ3R]QDQLX3ROVND*â262:$1,((/(.7521,&=1(-$.2
$/7(51$7<:1$0(72'$8&=(671,&=(1,$
::<%25$&+²23,1,(32/$.Ð:
Abstract:
7KHUHVHDUFKVXEMHFWRIWKLVSDSHUDUHWKHRSLQLRQVRI3ROHVRQWKHLPSOH mentation of one of the alternative methods of voting in elections and refe UHQGXPVDQHOHFWURQLFDOO\DVVLVWHGYRWLQJ7KHPDLQDLPRIWKHDXWKRULVWKH DQDO\VLVRIWKHDWWLWXGHVRI3ROHVRQWKHLGHDRIHVWDEOLVKPHQWRIHYRWLQJLQ 3RODQGDQGWKHLUGHFODUDWLRQVUHJDUGLQJWKHXVHRIHYRWLQJLIVXFKSRVVLELOLW\ 7KH¿QGLQJVZRXOGEHVXSSOHPHQWHGZLWKVHOHFWHGGDWDIURPWKHSXEOLFRSLQLRQ SROOVUHDOL]HGE\WKH2൶FHRI+XPDQ5LJKWV'HIHQGHU2PEXGVPDQKey words:
HOHFWURQLFYRWLQJHYRWLQJ,QWHUQHWYRWLQJRSLQLRQVRI3ROHVWprowadzenie
: ]ZLą]NX ] RSLQLDPL R NU\]\VLH GHPRNUDFML SU]HGVWDZLFLHOVNLHM SU]HMDZLDMąF\P VLĊ PLQ Z VWDOH ]PQLHMV]DMąF\P VLĊ SR]LRPLH ]DXIDQLD GR SROLW\NyZ RUD] LQVW\WXFML SROLW\F]Q\FK D WDNĪH Z V\VWHPDW\F]QLH VSDGD MąFHMIUHNZHQFMLZ\ERUF]HMZZLHOXSDĔVWZDFKSRGHMPXMHVLĊSUyE\PDMąFH QDFHOXXPRĪOLZLHQLHRE\ZDWHORPXF]HVWQLF]HQLDZZ\ERUDFKLUHIHUHQGDFK ]D SRĞUHGQLFWZHP LQQ\FK QLĪ WUDG\F\MQH PHWRG JáRVRZDQLD7DNLH G]LDáDQLD PDMąQDFHOXSU]HGHZV]\VWNLP]ZLĊNV]HQLHSR]LRPXSDUW\F\SDFMLZHOHNFMDFK SDĔVWZRZ\FKDSU]H]WR]ZLĊNV]HQLHSR]LRPXOHJLW\PL]DFMLSRGHMPRZDQ\FK ZZ\ERUDFKF]\UHIHUHQGDFKGHF\]ML
: RVWDWQLFK ODWDFK MHGQą ] QDMEDUG]LHM G\VNXWRZDQ\FK Z ZLHOX SDĔVWZDFKĞZLDWDDOWHUQDW\ZQ\FKPHWRGJáRVRZDQLDMHVWJáRVRZDQLHHOHNWUR QLF]QH3R]\W\ZQHGRĞZLDGF]HQLD]ZGURĪHQLHPDQDVWĊSQLHIXQNFMRQRZDQLHP
HYRWLQJQSZ(VWRQLL6]ZDMFDULL1RUZHJLLF]\LQQ\FKSDĔVWZDFKVNáDQLDMą
GRGHEDW\SROLW\F]QHMQLHW\ONRSROLW\NyZF]\XU]ĊGQLNyZDOHWDNĪHRE\ZDWHOL NWyU]\ FKFLHOLE\ PLHü GR G\VSR]\FML GRGDWNRZH ± RSUyF] WUDG\F\MQ\FK ± EDUG]LHM QRZRF]HVQH L NRPIRUWRZH PHWRG\ JáRVRZDQLD 7DNĪH Z 3ROVFH ± FRQDMPQLHMRGNLONXODW±SU]\RND]MLQLHPDONDĪG\FKZ\ERUyZSRUXV]DQ\MHVW WHPDWZGURĪHQLDHYRWLQJ>533RODF\GRJáRVRZDQLD«@16NXWNXMHWR W\PĪHSROVNDRSLQLDSXEOLF]QDQLHMDNRÄZ\SUDFRZXMH´VRELH]GDQLHQDWHPDW UyĪQRURGQ\FKDOWHUQDW\ZQ\FKPHWRGSDUW\F\SDFMLZZ\ERUDFK±W\FKNWyUHMXĪ IXQNFMRQXMąZSUDNW\FHSROLW\F]QHMZ3ROVFHMDNLW\FKNWyU\FKHZHQWXDOQH ZGURĪHQLHMHVWUR]ZDĪDQH
1LH]PLHUQLH LVWRWQ\P Z W\P NRQWHNĞFLH MHVW IDNW LĪ Z URNX uchwalono .RGHNV Z\ERUF]\ NWyU\ ]DZLHUD SDNLHW UyĪQRURGQ\FK SU]HSLVyZ XáDWZLDMąF\FK V\VWHPDW\F]QH ÄSRV]HU]DQLH´ GRVWĊSQRĞFL RUD] ZDFKODU]D IXQNFMRQDOQRĞFLDOWHUQDW\ZQ\FKPHWRGJáRVRZDQLD6SU]\MDWRSRSLHUZV]H ]LQWHQV\¿NRZDQLX G\VNXVML SXEOLF]QHM QD WHPDW ZSURZDG]HQLD NROHMQ\FK GRGDWNRZ\FKIRUPSDUW\F\SDFMLZ\ERUF]HMDSRGUXJLH±ZNRQVHNZHQFMLZVSR PQLDQHMG\VNXVML±GRSURSRQRZDQLDLPSOHPHQWDFMLUyĪQRURGQ\FKUR]ZLą]DĔ ZVSRPDJDMąF\FK JáRVRZDQLH QRZRF]HVQ\PL WHFKQRORJLDPL 'RGDWNRZR UR]ZyM WHFKQRORJLL ,7 SU]\F]\QLD VLĊ GR SRGHMPRZDQLD SUDF EDGDZF]\FK QDGUyĪQ\PLUR]ZLą]DQLDPLZ]DNUHVLHJáRVRZDQLDHOHNWURQLF]QHJRZZLHOX SDĔVWZDFKQDĞZLHFLHWDNĪHZ3ROVFH
3U]HGPLRWHPQLQLHMV]HJRWHNVWXVąRSLQLH3RODNyZQDWHPDWZGURĪHQLD MHGQHM]DOWHUQDW\ZQ\FKPHWRGJáRVRZDQLDZZ\ERUDFKLUHIHUHQGDFK±JáRVR ZDQLD ZVSRPDJDQHJR HOHNWURQLF]QLH HJáRVRZDQLD HYRWLQJ *áyZQ\P ]DPLHU]HQLHPDXWRUNLMHVWDQDOL]DZ\QLNyZEDGDĔZáDVQ\FKQDWHPDWZGURĪHQLD HJáRVRZDQLDZ3ROVFH]HV]F]HJyOQ\PXZ]JOĊGQLHQLHPRGSRZLHG]LQDS\WDQLD EDGDZF]HRWRF]\3RODF\FKFLHOLE\DE\ZSROVNLFKZ\ERUDFKZSURZDG]RQR PRĪOLZRĞüJáRVRZDQLD]DSRĞUHGQLFWZHP,QWHUQHWXDWDNĪHF]\±JG\E\WDND PRĪOLZRĞüLVWQLDáD±VNRU]\VWDQRE\]QLHMZZ\ERUDFK :\QLNLEDGDĔZáDVQ\FKX]XSHáQLRQRGDQ\PLEDGDQLDRSLQLLSXEOLF]QHM ]UHDOL]RZDQ\PLSU]H]&HQWUXP%DGDQLD2SLQLL3XEOLF]QHMRUD]%LXUR5]HF]QLND 3UDZ2E\ZDWHOVNLFK
1 3URMHNW XPRĪOLZLDMąF\ 3RODNRP JáRVRZDQLH SU]H] ,QWHUQHW RUD] NRUHVSRQGHQF\MQLH Z Z\ERUDFK SUH]\GHQFNLFK SDUODPHQWDUQ\FK VDPRU]ąGRZ\FK L GR 3( SU]\JRWRZDQ\ ]RVWDáQSSU]H]5XFK3DOLNRWD>533RODF\GRJáRVRZDQLD«@
'ųŽƐŽǁĂŶŝĞĞůĞŬƚƌŽŶŝĐnjŶĞũĂŬŽĂůƚĞƌŶĂƚLJǁŶĂŵĞƚŽĚĂƵĐnjĞƐƚŶŝĐnjĞŶŝĂǁǁLJďŽƌĂĐŚ͘͘͘
*áRVRZDQLHHOHNWURQLF]QH
*áRVRZDQLH RSDUWH R PHWRG\ HOHNWURQLF]QH MHVW SRMĊFLHP R V]HURNLP ]QDF]HQLX D WHFKQLNL WHOHLQIRUPDW\F]QH Vą Z\NRU]\VW\ZDQH Z V\VWHPLH Z\ERUF]\Pm.in.:
Z SURFHVLH ]ELHUDQLD RSUDFRZDQLD L ZL]XDOL]DFML Z\QLNyZ SU]HV\áDQ\FK ] NRPLVML Z\ERUF]\FK Z NWyU\FK JáRV\ RGGDMH VLĊ WUDG\F\MQLH±]DSRPRFąNDUWGRJáRVRZDQLD
ZSURFHVLHSU]\MPRZDQLDL]OLF]DQLDJáRVyZ
Z ]GDOQ\P JáRVRZDQLX SU]H] ,QWHUQHW >0XVLDá.DUJ D 0XVLDá.DUJ@
1DMRJyOQLHM ]DWHP JáRVRZDQLH HOHNWURQLF]QH QDOHĪ\ UR]XPLHü MDNR Z\NRU]\VWDQLH QDU]ĊG]L WHOHLQIRUPDW\F]Q\FK Z SURFHGXU]H SU]\MPRZDQLD F]\OLF]HQLDJáRVyZLZ]GDOQ\PJáRVRZDQLXLQWHUQHWRZ\PRGGDZDQLHJáRVyZ : GXĪ\P XSURV]F]HQLX PRĪQD SU]\Mąü LĪ ÄMHĞOL PHGLXP HOHNWURQLF]Q\P MHVW ,QWHUQHW PyZLP\ ZWHG\ R JáRVRZDQLX LQWHUQHWRZ\P ]DĞ Z SU]\SDGNX Z\NRU]\VWDQLD WHOHIRQyZ NRPyUNRZ\FK PDP\ GR F]\QLHQLD ] JáRVRZDQLHP PRELOQ\P´>0DFLHMHZVNL@ =JRGQLH]RSLQLą.RPLWHWX0LQLVWUyZ5DG\(XURS\QDWHPDWJáRVRZDQLD HOHNWURQLF]QHJR>5HFRPPHQGDWLRQ5HF@PRĪHE\üRQRSRG]LHORQH QDGZLHJáyZQHNDWHJRULHJáRVRZDQLH]GDOQHRUD]JáRVRZDQLHZW]ZNLRVNX 3U]\JáRVRZDQLX]GDOQ\P5HPRWH(OHFWURQLF9RWLQJZ\NRU]\VWXMHVLĊPHGLD HOHNWURQLF]QHDVDPDNWJáRVRZDQLDPRĪHE\üGRNRQDQ\]GRZROQHJRPLHMVFD *áRVRZDQLH]NLRVNXSROHJDQDW\PĪHZ\ERUFDZFHOX]DUHMHVWURZDQLDVZRMHJR JáRVX PXVL XGDü VLĊ GR ORNDOX Z\ERUF]HJR OXE LQQHM ORNDOL]DFML ZVND]DQHM SU]H]RUJDQ\Z\ERUF]H.LRVN9RWLQJ:\ERUFDRGGDMHJáRVHOHNWURQLF]QLH± F]ĊVWR]DSRPRFąHNUDQyZGRW\NRZ\FK*áRV\Vą]OLF]DQHQDRGUĊEQ\FKXU]ą G]HQLDFK]QDQ\FKMDNR'5(PDFKLQHV'LUHFW5HFRUGLQJ(OHFWURQLFPDFKLQHV DQDVWĊSQLHSU]HND]\ZDQHGRFHQWUDOQHJRUHMHVWUXRGGDQ\FKJáRVyZ
: OLWHUDWXU]H VSHFMDOLVW\F]QHM Z\PLHQLDQH Vą GZD URG]DMH HJáRVR ZDQLDJáRVRZDQLHHOHNWURQLF]QHHYRWLQJW]ZHJáRVRZDQLHRUD]JáRVRZDQLH internetowe (LYRWLQJ W]Z LJáRVRZDQLH (JáRVRZDQLH WR SRMĊFLH V]HUV]H ]QDF]HQLRZRL]DZLHUDZVRELHIRUPĊJáRVRZDQLDLQWHUQHWRZHJR*áRVRZDQLH HOHNWURQLF]QH RGQRVL VLĊ WDNĪH ± MDN MXĪ ]RVWDáR ZF]HĞQLHM QDGPLHQLRQH ± GR Z\NRU]\VW\ZDQLD Z SURFHVLH WHFKQLNL Z\ERUF]HM PLQ WHOHZL]\MQ\FK SODWIRUPF\IURZ\FKWHOHIRQLL,QWHUQHWX>1RZLQD.RQRSND@
*áRVRZDQLH LQWHUQHWRZH QDWRPLDVW G]LHOL VLĊ QD GZLH NDWHJRULH JáRVRZDQLH Z ORNDOX Z\ERUF]\P ,QWHUQHW 9RWLQJ DW WKH 3ROOLQJ 3ODFH lub JáRVRZDQLH ]GDOQH 5HPRWH ,QWHUQHW 9RWLQJ : W\P SLHUZV]\P ± Z\ERUF\ RGGDMą JáRV Z VSHFMDOQLH GR WHJR SU]\JRWRZDQ\P NLRVNX Z\ERUF]\P
]Z\NRU]\VWDQLHP,QWHUQHWX1DWRPLDVW5HPRWH,QWHUQHW9RWLQJMHVW]GDOQ\P VSRVREHP RGGDZDQLD JáRVX G]LĊNL NWyUHPX Z\ERUFD JáRVXMH EąGĨ WR ]ÄNLRVNXZ\ERUF]HJR´W\OHĪH]QDMGXMąFHJRVLĊSR]DORNDOHPZ\ERUF]\P EąGĨ]GRPRZHJRNRPSXWHUDSRGáąF]RQHJRGR,QWHUQHWX'DQHSU]HV\áDQHVą ,QWHUQHWHPGRFHQWUDOQHMED]\]NDĪGHJR]Z\PLHQLRQ\FKW\SyZVWDQRZLVN
5R]UyĪQLDMąFPLĊG]\IRUPDPLGHPRNUDFMLSU]HGVWDZLFLHOVNLHMLEH]SR ĞUHGQLHM Z\PLHQLü PRĪQD GZD URG]DMH JáRVRZDQLD HOHNWURQLF]QHJR HOHN WURQLF]QH Z\ERU\ HZ\ERU\ L HOHNWURQLF]QH UHIHUHQGXP HUHIHUHQGXP >0XVLDá.DUJ@:REXSU]\SDGNDFK±Z]DOHĪQRĞFLRGXĪ\ZDQHJR Z JáRVRZDQLX PHGLXP ± PRĪQD MHV]F]H GRGDü LZ\ERU\ RUD] LUHIHUHQGXP ZREXSU]\SDGNDFKJáRVRZDQLHRGE\ZDVLĊ]DSRĞUHGQLFWZHP,QWHUQHWX
*áRVRZDQLHHOHNWURQLF]QHD.RQVW\WXFMD53
-HĞOL FKRG]L R .RQVW\WXFMĊ 5]HF]\SRVSROLWHM 3ROVNLHM WR ]D]QDF]\ü QDOHĪ\LĪZVSRVyEMHGQR]QDF]Q\QLHGRSXV]F]RQRZQLHMDQLWHĪQLH]DND]DQR ZSURZDG]HQLDHOHNWURQLF]QHJRJáRVRZDQLDGRZ\ERUF]HJRSRU]ąGNXSUDZQHJR :]ZLą]NX]W\PHJáRVRZDQLHX]QDüPRĪQD]DNZHVWLĊSRPLQLĊWąZSROVNLHM XVWDZLH]DVDGQLF]HM±W\PEDUG]LHMMHĞOLFKRG]LRSU]HSLV\GRW\F]ąFHJáRVRZDĔ SRZV]HFKQ\FK : UH]XOWDFLH ± MDN VáXV]QLH ]DXZDĪD -DURVáDZ 6]\PDQHN ± ZSURZDG]HQLHOXEQLHGRSXV]F]HQLHZGURĪHQLDHYRWLQJZ3ROVFH]RVWDáRSR]R VWDZLRQHXVWDZRGDZF\]Z\NáHPXNWyUHJRG]LDáDQLDRF]\ZLĞFLHÄSR]RVWDZDü PXV]ąZ]JRG]LH]NRQVW\WXF\MQ\PVWDQGDUGHPZ\ERUyZ´>6]\PDQHN@ :W\PNRQWHNĞFLHQDOHĪ\]ZUyFLüXZDJĊQDWU]\]DVDG\Z\ERUF]HNWyUH G\VNXWRZDQH Vą ZáDĞQLH SRGF]DV GHEDW\ QDG HZHQWXDOQ\P ZSURZDG]HQLHP HJáRVRZDQLD]DVDGĊSRZV]HFKQRĞFLEH]SRĞUHGQLRĞFLLWDMQRĞFL
:Z\PLDU]HSR]\W\ZQ\PLVWRWąWHMSLHUZV]HMMHVWVWZDU]DQLHSU]H]XVWD ZRGDZFĊ UR]ZLą]DĔ XáDWZLDMąF\FK Z\ERUF\ NRU]\VWDQLH ] F]\QQHJR SUDZD Z\ERUF]HJR D SU]H] WR ]DFKĊFDQLH Z\ERUFyZ GR XG]LDáX Z JáRVRZDQLDFK FRSU]HáRĪ\üVLĊPRĪHQDWRĪHZ\ERU\VWDQąVLĊMHV]F]HEDUG]LHMSRZV]HFKQH Ä:HIHNFLH«NRQVW\WXF\MQD]DVDGDSRZV]HFKQRĞFLMHĞOLW\ONR]LQWHUSUHWXMH VLĊMąMDNRSR]\W\ZQ\QDND]VWZDU]DQLDUR]ZLą]DĔXáDWZLDMąF\FKNRU]\VWDQLH ] F]\QQHJR SUDZD Z\ERUF]HJR QLH W\OH RJUDQLF]D FR ZUĊF] ]DFKĊFD XVWD ZRGDZFĊGRVLĊJQLĊFLDSRHYRWLQJMDNRLQVWUXPHQWXáDWZLDMąF\JáRVRZDQLH L]DFKĊFDMąF\GRQLHJR´>6]\PDQHN@ =NROHL]DVDGDEH]SRĞUHGQLRĞFLZNRQWHNĞFLHHJáRVRZDQLDEXG]LQDMZLĊFHM ZąWSOLZRĞFLERZLHP±RSUyF]WHJRĪHEH]SRĞUHGQLRĞü]DNáDGDMHGQRVWRSQLRZRĞü Z\ERUyZ >:RMWDVLN @ L LPLHQQRĞü JáRVRZDQLD WR SU]HGH ZV]\VWNLP NRMDU]RQDMHVW]RVRELVW\PJáRVRZDQLHPF]\OL]RVRELVW\PXGDQLHPVLĊZ\ERUF\ GRORNDOXZ\ERUF]HJRLRGGDQLHPJáRVX>=ELHUDQHN@7U]HEDMHGQDN
'ųŽƐŽǁĂŶŝĞĞůĞŬƚƌŽŶŝĐnjŶĞũĂŬŽĂůƚĞƌŶĂƚLJǁŶĂŵĞƚŽĚĂƵĐnjĞƐƚŶŝĐnjĞŶŝĂǁǁLJďŽƌĂĐŚ͘͘͘ ]DXZDĪ\üĪH.RGHNVZ\ERUF]\]URNXZSURZDG]LáGZDQLHMDNRNROLGXMąFH ]SRZ\ĪV]\PLUR]ZLą]DQLDJáRVRZDQLHSU]H]SHáQRPRFQLNDLJáRVRZDQLHNRUH VSRQGHQF\MQH]PLHQLDMąFLQWHUSUHWDFMĊ]DVDG\EH]SRĞUHGQLRĞFLSU]H]XVXQLĊFLH MDNR F]ĊĞFL VNáDGRZHM ]DVDG\ EH]SRĞUHGQLRĞFL ]DVDG\ RVRELVWHJR JáRVRZDQLD L SR]RVWDZLDMąF MHG\QLH ]DVDG\ MHGQRVWRSQLRZRĞFL L LPLHQQRĞFL JáRVRZDQLD >6]\PDQHN@7DND]PLDQDQLHWZRU]\V\WXDFMLZNWyUHMJáRVRZDQLHHOHN WURQLF]QH QDUXV]DáRE\ NRQVW\WXF\MQą ]DVDGĊ EH]SRĞUHGQLRĞFL ']LVLDM ERZLHP EH]SRĞUHGQLRĞü QLH MHVW WRĪVDPD ] JáRVRZDQLHP RVRELVW\P UR]XPLDQ\P MDNR RVRELVWHVWDZLHQLHVLĊZ\ERUF\ZORNDOXZ\ERUF]\P
7U]HFLą ]DVDGą G\VNXWRZDQą Z NRQWHNĞFLH HJáRVRZDQLD MHVW ]DVDGD WDMQRĞFLJáRVRZDQLD=GDQLHP-6]\PDQND±PLPRZSURZDG]HQLDJáRVRZDQLD SU]H] SHáQRPRFQLND F]\ JáRVRZDQLD NRUHVSRQGHQF\MQHJR NWyUH EXG]ą Z W\P Z]JOĊG]LH ZLHOH ZąWSOLZRĞFL FR GR WDMQRĞFL JáRVRZDQLD ± UR]ZLą± UR]ZLą ]DQLDZ.RGHNVLHZ\ERUF]\PZFLąĪSRGWU]\PXMąSU]HNRQDQLHRWDMQRĞFLDNWX Z\ERUF]HJR:SURZDG]DQLHJáRVRZDQLDHOHNWURQLF]QHJREĊG]LH]DWHPQLRVáR ]D VREą SRGREQH ZąWSOLZRĞFL D QDMZDĪQLHMV]\P Z\]ZDQLHP ] WHJR SXQNWX ZLG]HQLD EĊG]LH SU]\JRWRZDQLH RGSRZLHGQLHJR SRG Z]JOĊGHP WHFKQLF]Q\P LSRGZ]JOĊGHP]DEH]SLHF]HĔV\VWHPXHYRWLQJ>6]\PDQHN@
:DUWR Z W\P PLHMVFX ]ZUyFLü XZDJĊ QD IDNW LĪ SROVNLH SUDZR Z\ERUF]HSU]HFKRG]LREHFQLHHZROXFMĊSROHJDMąFąPLQQDZSURZDG]DQLX ZVSRPLQDQ\FK SRZ\ĪHM DOWHUQDW\ZQ\FK PHWRG JáRVRZDQLD : XFKZD ORQ\PZVW\F]QLXU.RGHNVLHZ\ERUF]\P]DZDUWRSDNLHWUR]PDLW\FK UR]ZLą]DĔ PDMąF\FK QD FHOX XáDWZLHQLD Z JáRVRZDQLDFK SRZV]HFKQ\FK 5R]ZLą]DQLD WH VNLHURZDQH ]RVWDá\ SU]HGH ZV]\VWNLP GR RVyE QLHSHáQR VSUDZQ\FKRUD]Z\ERUFyZZ]DDZDQVRZDQ\PZLHNXLREHMPXMąPRĪOLZRĞü VNRU]\VWDQLDSU]H]QLFK]W]ZDOWHUQDW\ZQ\FKSURFHGXUJáRVRZDQLDXPRĪ OLZLDMąF\FKRGGDQLHJáRVXSR]DORNDOHPZ\ERUF]\P2SUyF]WHJRQDPRF\ .RGHNVXZ\ERUF]HJRZSURZDG]RQRPHFKDQL]P\LQIRUPRZDQLDZ\ERUFyZ QLHSHáQRVSUDZQ\FK R QDMZDĪQLHMV]\FK NZHVWLDFK ]ZLą]DQ\FK ] Z\ERUDPL :OLSFXUXFKZDORQRSRSUDZNĊGR.RGHNVXSROHJDMąFąQDSRV]HU]HQLX GRSXV]F]DOQRĞFL JáRVRZDQLD NRUHVSRQGHQF\MQHJR >8VWDZD ] GQLD OLSFD UR]PLDQLHXVWDZ\±.RGHNVZ\ERUF]\@1RZHOL]DFMDSUDZDZ\ERU F]HJR SR]ZDOD QD JáRVRZDQLH NRUHVSRQGHQF\MQH ZV]\VWNLP RE\ZDWHORP =D SRĞUHGQLFWZHP SRF]W\ PRĪQD JáRVRZDü Z Z\ERUDFK SDUODPHQWDUQ\FK SUH]\GHQFNLFKLZZ\ERUDFKGR3DUODPHQWX(XURSHMVNLHJR*áRVRZDQLHNRUH VSRQGHQF\MQHQLHMHVWGRVWĊSQHGODZV]\VWNLFKXF]HVWQLNyZZ\ERUyZVDPR U]ąGRZ\FK:LFKSU]\SDGNX]JáRVRZDQLDNRUHVSRQGHQF\MQHJREĊGąPRJOL NRU]\VWDü Z\áąF]QLH RE\ZDWHOH QLHSHáQRVSUDZQL R]QDF]Q\P OXE XPLDUNR ZDQ\PVWRSQLXQLHSHáQRVSUDZQRĞFL>%DOLV]HZVNL@
1LHZąWSOLZLH ZSURZDG]HQLH GRGDWNRZ\FK UR]ZLą]DĔ GR SROVNLHJR SUDZD Z\ERUF]HJR VWDQRZL R VZRLVWHM QRZHM MDNRĞFL Z NRQWHNĞFLH UHDOL ]DFML ]DVDG\ SRZV]HFKQRĞFL Z\ERUyZ L QLZHORZDQLD ]MDZLVND DEVHQFML SU]\PXVRZHM >=ELHUDQHN @ 'RGDWNRZR QD XZDG]H QDOHĪ\ PLHü IDNWLĪSURZDG]RQHVąREHFQLHFKRüZGRĞüRJUDQLF]RQ\P]DNUHVLHSUDFH NRQFHSF\MQHLOHJLVODF\MQH]ZLą]DQH]SURSR]\FMDPLZSURZDG]HQLDQRZ\FK SURFHGXUJáRVRZDQLDJáRVRZDQLHSU]H],QWHUQHW=SHZQRĞFLąZDĪQHMHVW E\]DVWDQRZLRQRVLĊZ3ROVFHQDG]DLQLFMRZDQLHPV]HURNRUR]EXGRZDQ\FK EDGDĔ QDG SURFHGXUą JáRVRZDQLD HOHNWURQLF]QHJR ERZLHP QLHRG]RZQ\P Z\GDMHVLąE\üZSURZDG]HQLHW\FKSURFHGXUZSU]\V]áRĞFL%H]ZąWSLHQLD GRĞZLDGF]HQLDSDĔVWZZNWyU\FKIXQNFMRQXMąÄUR]ZLą]DQLDHOHNWURQLF]QH´ 6]ZDMFDULD(VWRQLDEĊGąVWDQRZLá\FHQQHĨUyGáRLQIRUPDFML2SLQLHVSRáH F]HĔVWZD EĊGą ]DĞ RG]ZLHUFLHGODü QDVWDZLHQLH Z\ERUFyZ GR W\FK QRZ\FK IRUPXF]HVWQLFWZDZZ\ERUDFK
(YRWLQJZRSLQLDFK3RODNyZ
3ROVF\ Z\ERUF\ GRĞü GREU]H RGQRV]ą VLĊ GR SRP\VáX VWRVRZDQLD SURFHGXUJáRVRZDQLDLQQ\FKQLĪ±PRĪQDU]HF±RVRELVWHJáRVRZDQLHZORNDOX Z\ERUF]\PGRVWU]HJDMąF]DSHZQHĪHEDUG]LHMZ\JRGQHPRĪHE\üJáRVRZDQLH SR]DORNDOHPZ\ERUF]\P±QS]GRPX:]ZLą]NX]W\PĪHQLQLHMV]\WHNVW GRW\F]\JáRVRZDQLDHOHNWURQLF]QHJRSU]H],QWHUQHWZGDOV]HMF]ĊĞFLUR]ZDĪDĔ SUH]HQWRZDQHEĊGąZ\QLNLEDGDĔZáDVQ\FKZNRQWHNĞFLHZ\QLNyZEDGDĔSU]H SURZDG]RQ\FKSU]H]&%26L%532Z]XZ]JOĊGQLHQLHPEDGDĔDQDOR JLF]Q\FK&%26]OLSFDU7DNLH]HVWDZLHQLHGDQ\FKSR]ZROLQDPGRVWU]HF ]PLDQĊ Z RSLQLDFK 3RODNyZ D WDNĪH SRUyZQDü SRV]F]HJyOQH ZVNDĨQLNL 'RGDüQDOHĪ\LĪNDĪGH]S\WDĔ]DGDZDQ\FKUHVSRQGHQWRPZUDPDFKEDGDĔ ZáDVQ\FK]RVWDáRSU]HDQDOL]RZDQHZWURMDNLVSRVyE]XZ]JOĊGQLHQLHPHOHNWR ratyZSRV]F]HJyOQ\FKSDUWLLZZ\ERUDFKGR3DUODPHQWX(XURSHMVNLHJRU ]XZ]JOĊGQLHQLHPZ\ERUFyZSRV]F]HJyOQ\FKNRPLWHWyZNWyUHU\ZDOL]RZDá\ ZZ\ERUDFKGRVHMPLNyZZRMHZyG]WZZZ\ERUDFKVDPRU]ąGRZ\FKU D WDNĪH ] XZ]JOĊGQLHQLHP GHNODURZDQ\FK SU]H] UHVSRQGHQWyZ SRJOąGyZ SROLW\F]Q\FK
'ųŽƐŽǁĂŶŝĞĞůĞŬƚƌŽŶŝĐnjŶĞũĂŬŽĂůƚĞƌŶĂƚLJǁŶĂŵĞƚŽĚĂƵĐnjĞƐƚŶŝĐnjĞŶŝĂǁǁLJďŽƌĂĐŚ͘͘͘
3RODF\ R PRĪOLZRĞFL ZSURZDG]HQLD HJáRVRZDQLD Z Z\ERUDFK
SDĔVWZRZ\FK
: ]ZLą]NX ] G\QDPLF]QLH UR]ZLMDMąF\PL VLĊ WHFKQRORJLDPL ,7 SRZV]HFKQ\P GRVWĊSHP GR ,QWHUQHWX D WDNĪH XQRZRF]HĞQLDQLHP QLHPDO NDĪGHMG]LHG]LQ\OXG]NLHJRĪ\FLDHKDQGHOHDGPLQLVWUDFMDHVSRáHF]HĔVWZR HEDQNRZRĞüHERRNLWGPRĪQDGRPQLHP\ZDüĪHUyZQLHĪZ\ERUF\EĊGą FKFLHOLÄXQRZRF]HĞQLDü´SURFHGXU\GHPRNUDW\F]QHZWHQVSRVyEE\VWDZDá\ VLĊRQHEDUG]LHMGRVWĊSQHLZ\JRGQH $QDOL]DUR]NáDGXSURFHQWRZHJRRGSRZLHG]LQDS\WDQLHRWRF]\UHVSRQ GHQFLFKFLHOLE\E\ZZ\ERUDFKZ3ROVFHZSURZDG]LüPRĪOLZRĞüJáRVRZDQLD ]D SRĞUHGQLFWZHP ,QWHUQHWX SR]ZDOD RGQRWRZDü LĪ ZLĊNV]RĞü ] EDGDQ\FK ZVND]DáD RGSRZLHG]L Ä]GHF\GRZDQLH WDN´ L ÄUDF]HM WDN´ ± áąF]QLH 3U]HFLZQLNyZZGURĪHQLDHYRWLQJZ3ROVFHZEDGDQLXE\áR5R]SDWUXMąF WH GDQH Z NRQWHNĞFLH HOHNWRUDWyZ SRV]F]HJyOQ\FK SDUWLL SROLW\F]Q\FKHOHNWRUDW\]Z\ERUyZGR3(ZLGDüLĪQDMZLĊFHMSURFHQWRZR ]ZROHQQLNyZ ZSURZDG]HQLD HJáRVRZDQLD Z 3ROVFH MHVW ZĞUyG W\FK NWyU]\ Z PDMX U JáRVRZDOL QD 3ODWIRUPĊ 2E\ZDWHOVNą 32 ± áąF]QLH RGSRZLHG]LÄ]GHF\GRZDQLHWDN´LÄUDF]HMWDN´
3RGZ]JOĊGHPSURFHQWRZ\PWXĪ]DZ\ERUFDPL32]QDOHĨOLVLĊJáRVXMąF\ QD1RZą3UDZLFĊ-DQXV]D.RUZLQ0LNNH13-.0±áąF]QLH:\ERUF\ NRDOLFML 6RMXV] /HZLF\ 'HPRNUDW\F]QHM ± 8QLD 3UDF\ 6/'83 Z QLHPDO SRSDUOLSRP\VáZSURZDG]HQLDPRĪOLZRĞFLJáRVRZDQLD]DSRĞUHGQLFWZHP ,QWHUQHWX 1DMPQLHM ]ZROHQQLNyZ HOHNWURQLF]Q\FK SURFHGXU JáRVRZDQLD MHVW ZĞUyGHOHNWRUDWX3UDZDL6SUDZLHGOLZRĞFL3L6RUD]3ROVNLHJR6WURQQLFWZD /XGRZHJR36/RGSRZLHGQLR±RUD]:ĞUyGZ\ERUFyZW\FK SDUWLL]QDOD]áRVLĊWDNĪHQDMZLĊFHMRSRQHQWyZZREHFWHMIRUP\XF]HVWQLFWZD ZZ\ERUDFKRGSRZLHG]LÄ]GHF\GRZDQLHQLH´LÄUDF]HMQLH´±JáRVX MąF\FK QD 3L6 RUD] JáRVXMąF\FK QD 36/ :ĞUyG Z\ERUFyZ 6/'83 L 13-.0 SU]HFLZQLF\ ZSURZDG]HQLD HJáRVRZDQLD VWDQRZLOL RGSRZLHGQLR L 1DMPQLHMV]H JURQR RVyE NWyUH E\á\ SU]HFLZQH ZGURĪHQLX
7DEHOD5R]NáDGLORĞFLRZ\LSURFHQWRZ\RGSRZLHG]LQDS\WDQLH Ä&KFLDáDE\PDE\ZSROVNLFKZ\ERUDFKZSURZDG]RQRPRĪOLZRĞü JáRVRZDQLDHOHNWURQLF]QHJR]DSRĞUHGQLFWZHP,QWHUQHWX´ZSRV]F]HJyOQ\FK HOHNWRUDWDFKZZ\ERUDFKGR3DUODPHQWX(XURSHMVNLHJRZURNX Zdecydowanie 1,( 5DF]HM1,( SRZLHG]LHü7UXGQR 5DF]HM7$. Zdecydowanie 7$. 5D]HP 1RZD3UDZLFD -DQXV]D .RUZLQ0LNNH LORĞü 8 8 5 10 28 59 procent 3ODWIRUPD Obywatelska LORĞü 15 18 38 71 procent 3ROVNLH Stronnictwo Ludowe LORĞü 7 7 11 14 7 procent 3UDZR
L6SUDZLHGOLZRĞü procentLORĞü 28 27 47 32 6RMXV]/HZLF\ 'HPRNUDW\F]QHM ±8QLD3UDF\ LORĞü 5 7 10 15 17 54 procent ,QQD LORĞü 3 10 5 15 59 procent Nie JáRVRZDáHPDP procentLORĞü 20 39 55 108 283 1LHSDPLĊWDP LORĞü 7 5 10 21 20 procent %DUG]R FLHNDZLH NV]WDáWXMą VLĊ Z\QLNL RGSRZLHG]L QD WR S\WDQLH ZĞUyG Z\ERUFyZLQQ\FKQLĪXZ]JOĊGQLRQHZWDEHOLSDUWLLSROLW\F]Q\FKZĞUyGRVyENWyUH QLHJáRVRZDá\LZĞUyGW\FKNWyU]\QLHSDPLĊWDOLQDNRJRRGGDOLJáRVZZ\ERUDFK GR 3( : W\FK JUXSDFK ]QDNRPLWD ZLĊNV]RĞü WR ]ZROHQQLF\ LQWHUQHWRZ\FK Z\ERUyZRGSRZLHGQLRZ\ERUFyZLQQ\FKSDUWLLQLHJáRVRZDOL QLHSDPLĊWDOLMDNJáRVRZDOL=DVWDZLHQLHZV]\VWNLFKGDQ\FKGRW\F]ąF\FK RGSRZLHG]LQD7$.SR]ZDODVIRUPXáRZDüZQLRVHNLĪZLĊNV]RĞüRVyEXF]HVW QLF]ąF\FKZZ\ERUDFKGR3(SRSLHUDáRZSURZDG]HQLHZ3ROVFHHOHNWURQLF]QHJR JáRVRZDQLDFRZVND]XMHĪH3RODF\FKFą]PLDQZSROVNLPSUDZLHZ\ERUF]\P
'ųŽƐŽǁĂŶŝĞĞůĞŬƚƌŽŶŝĐnjŶĞũĂŬŽĂůƚĞƌŶĂƚLJǁŶĂŵĞƚŽĚĂƵĐnjĞƐƚŶŝĐnjĞŶŝĂǁǁLJďŽƌĂĐŚ͘͘͘ 7DEHOD5R]NáDGLORĞFLRZ\LSURFHQWRZ\RGSRZLHG]LQDS\WDQLH Ä&KFLDáDE\PDE\ZSROVNLFKZ\ERUDFKZSURZDG]RQRPRĪOLZRĞü JáRVRZDQLDHOHNWURQLF]QHJR]DSRĞUHGQLFWZHP,QWHUQHWX´ZSRV]F]HJyOQ\FK HOHNWRUDWDFKZZ\ERUDFKGRVHMPLNyZZRMHZyG]WZZURNX Zdecydowanie 1,( 5DF]HM1,( SRZLHG]LHü7UXGQR 5DF]HM7$. Zdecydowanie 7$. 5D]HP 1RZD3UDZLFD -DQXV]D .RUZLQ0LNNH LORĞü 3 37 procent 3ODWIRUPD Obywatelska LORĞü 15 33 193 procent 3ROVNLH Stronnictwo Ludowe LORĞü 11 8 21 23 23 procent .RDOLFMD3UDZR L6SUDZLHGOLZRĞü ±3ROVND5D]HP -DURVáDZD *RZLQD± 6ROLGDUQD3ROVND Zbigniewa Ziobry LORĞü 29 30 procent .RDOLFMD 6RMXV]/HZLF\ 'HPRNUDW\F]QHM ±/HZLFD5D]HP LORĞü 2 11 10 14 23 procent Komitet lokalny
UHJLRQDOQ\ procentLORĞü 5 12 14 19 25 75
,QQD LORĞü 4 1 1 11 17 34 procent Nie JáRVRZDáHPDP procentLORĞü 17 33 44 50 88 232 1LHSDPLĊWDP LORĞü 5 11 12 12 procent $QDOL]DRGSRZLHG]LQDWRVDPRS\WDQLHW\OHĪH]XZ]JOĊGQLHQLHPHOHNWR UDWyZSRV]F]HJyOQ\FKNRPLWHWyZZNROHMQ\FKZ\ERUDFK]URNXUVHMPLNL ZRMHZyG]WZSR]ZDOD]DXZDĪ\üLĪSRSDUFLHGODZSURZDG]HQLDHOHNWURQLF]QHJR JáRVRZDQLDE\áRZ\VRNLHUyZQLHĪZW\FKJUXSDFK5yZQLHĪZW\PSU]\SDGNX OLGHUHPE\OLZ\ERUF\32]NWyU\FKáąF]QLHSRSLHUDáRZSURZDG]HQLH HYRWLQJ:\QLNWHQE\áRSXQNWXZ\ĪV]\QLĪZĞUyGZ\ERUFyZ32]Z\ERUyZ GR3(1DNROHMQ\PPLHMVFXSRGZ]JOĊGHPSRSDUFLDGODHJáRVRZDQLDZĞUyG UR]SDWU\ZDQ\FKNRPLWHWyZ]QDOD]áDVLĊNRDOLFMD6RMXV]/HZLF\'HPRNUDW\F]QHM ± /HZLFD 5D]HP 6/'/5 NWyUHM Z\ERUFyZ RSRZLHG]LDáR VLĊ ]D
XPRĪOLZLHQLHP HJáRVRZDQLD Z\QLN R SXQNWX Z\ĪV]\ Z VWRVXQNX GR NRDOLFML6/'83]Z\ERUyZGR3(:ĞUyGZ\ERUFyZSDUWLL-DQXV]D.RUZLQ 0LNNHJRE\áR]ZROHQQLNyZHYRWLQJFRVWDQRZLáRZ\QLNRSXQNWyZ QLĪV]\RGWHJR]Z\ERUyZGR3(.ROHMQLZ]HVWDZLHQLXE\OLZ\ERUF\36/ ZĞUyGNWyU\FKRGSRZLHG]LÄ]GHF\GRZDQLHWDN´LÄUDF]HMWDN´Z\EUDáRSR UHVSRQGHQWyZáąF]QLHZ\ERUFyZ36/]Z\ERUyZGRVHMPLNyZZRMH ZyG]WZ±RSXQNWXZLĊFHMQLĪZZ\ERUDFKGR3(6SRĞUyGRJyOQRSROVNLFK NRPLWHWyZXZ]JOĊGQLRQ\FKZEDGDQLDFKQDMPQLHM]ZROHQQLNyZHJáRVRZDQLD ]QDOD]áRVLĊZĞUyGZ\ERUFyZNRDOLFML3UDZRL6SUDZLHGOLZRĞü±3ROVND5D]HP -DURVáDZD*RZLQD±6ROLGDUQD3ROVND=ELJQLHZD=LREU\±Z\QLNQLHPDO LGHQW\F]Q\]W\P]Z\ERUyZGR3( ,QWHUHVXMąF\PMHVWIDNWLĪZĞUyGZ\ERUFyZLQQ\FKSDUWLLEDGDQ\FK E\áR]GDQLDĪHQDOHĪDáRE\ZSURZDG]LüZSROVNLFKZ\ERUDFKPRĪOLZRĞüJáRVR ZDQLD HOHNWURQLF]QHJR 6SRĞUyG W\FK NWyU]\ JáRVRZDOL QD NRPLWHW\ ORNDOQH JáRVRZDQLHZVSRPDJDQHLQWHUQHWRZRSRSDUáRUHVSRQGHQWyZQDWRPLDVW ZĞUyGW\FKNWyU]\QLHSDPLĊWDOLMDNJáRVRZDOLDWDNĪHQLHXF]HVWQLF]\OLZJáRVR ZDQLX±RGSRZLHGQLRLSRSDUáRZSURZDG]HQLHGRSROVNLHJRSUDZD Z\ERUF]HJRPRĪOLZRĞüHOHNWURQLF]QHJRRGGDQLDJáRVX
1DMPQLHMRSRQHQWyZHJáRVRZDQLDE\áRZĞUyGZ\ERUFyZ32± Z\QLN QLHPDO WHQ VDP FR Z Z\ERUDFK GR 3( RUD] ZĞUyG W\FK NWyU]\ JáRVRZDOLQDLQQHSDUWLHQLĪXZ]JOĊGQLRQHZ]HVWDZLHQLXZWDEHOL1DMZLĊFHM RVyENWyUHQLHFKFLDá\E\ZSURZDG]HQLDHJáRVRZDQLDE\áRZĞUyGZ\ERUFyZ 13-.0L3L6±RGSRZLHGQLRZ]URVWRSXQNWXLVSDGHN R SXQNWX : SR]RVWDá\FK JUXSDFK HOHNWRUDWyZ RGSRZLHG]L Ä]GHF\GR ZDQLHQLH´OXEÄUDF]HMQLH´]D]QDF]\áRRGRNGR 3RZ\ĪV]H GDQH SRWZLHUG]DMą Z\QLNL RGSRZLHG]L QD WR VDPR S\WDQLH Z NRQWHNĞFLH HOHNWRUDWyZ ] Z\ERUyZ GR 3( L SR]ZDODMą WZLHUG]Lü LĪ ZLĊNV]RĞü JáRVXMąF\FK Z Z\ERUDFK GR VHMPLNyZ ZRMHZyG]WZ Z U XZDĪDáRLĪQDOHĪ\ZSURZDG]LüZ3ROVFHJáRVRZDQLHHOHNWURQLF]QHDSU]H]WR SRV]HU]\üZDFKODU]DOWHUQDW\ZQ\FKPHWRGJáRVRZDQLD
2GQRV]ąFZ\QLNLEDGDĔGRSRGJOąGyZLGHRORJLF]Q\FKOHZLFDFHQWUXP SUDZLFDRVyEEDGDQ\FKZDUWR]ZUyFLüXZDJĊQDF]WHU\LVWRWQH±Z\GDMHVLĊ ± NZHVWLH UyĪQLFXMąFH SRV]F]HJyOQH JUXS\ UHVSRQGHQWyZ &]\QLąF SRGREQ\ ]DELHJ MDN Z SRSU]HGQLHM F]ĊĞFL DQDOL]\ Z\QLNyZ F]\OL áąF]ąF ZVND]DQLD ] RGSRZLHG]L Ä]GHF\GRZDQLH WDN´ L ÄUDF]HM WDN´ RUD] Ä]GHF\GRZDQLH QLH´ LÄUDF]HMQLH´ZLGDüQDVWĊSXMąFHSUDZLGáRZRĞFL
ZH ZV]\VWNLFK JUXSDFK ZLĊNV]RĞü DQNLHWRZDQ\FK FKFLDáDE\ ZSURZDG]HQLD JáRVRZDQLD ]D SRĞUHGQLFWZHP ,QWHUQHWX Z SROVNLFK Z\ERUDFKFHQWUXP±OHZLFD±SUDZLFD±RUD]FL NWyU]\QLHSRWUD¿ąVLĊRNUHĞOLüFRGRSRJOąGyZSROLW\F]Q\FK±
'ųŽƐŽǁĂŶŝĞĞůĞŬƚƌŽŶŝĐnjŶĞũĂŬŽĂůƚĞƌŶĂƚLJǁŶĂŵĞƚŽĚĂƵĐnjĞƐƚŶŝĐnjĞŶŝĂǁǁLJďŽƌĂĐŚ͘͘͘ 7DEHOD5R]NáDGLORĞFLRZ\LSURFHQWRZ\RGSRZLHG]LQDS\WDQLH Ä&KFLDáDE\PDE\ZSROVNLFKZ\ERUDFKZSURZDG]RQRPRĪOLZRĞü JáRVRZDQLDHOHNWURQLF]QHJR]DSRĞUHGQLFWZHP,QWHUQHWX´ZNRQWHNĞFLH GHNODURZDQ\FKSRJOąGyZSROLW\F]Q\FK Zdecydowanie 1,( 5DF]HM1,( SRZLHG]LHü7UXGQR 5DF]HM7$. Zdecydowanie 7$. 5D]HP Lewica LORĞü 27 27 45 183 procent &HQWUXP LORĞü 11 17 22 47 procent 3UDZLFD LORĞü 45 48 91 99 339 procent 1LHZLHPQLH
SRWUD¿ĊRNUHĞOLü procentLORĞü 19 30 58 75 244
QDMZLĊNV]HUyĪQLFHZRSLQLDFKRGQRWRZDQRSRPLĊG]\DQNLHWRZDQ\PL Z\]QDMąF\PL SRJOąG\ FHQWURZH RUD] W\PL NWyU]\ RNUHĞODMą VLĊ MDNR Z\ERUF\ SUDZLFRZL :ĞUyG W\FK SLHUZV]\FK SRSDUáR ZSURZDG]HQLH HJáRVRZDQLD SRGF]DV JG\ Z\ERUFyZ SUDZLFRZ\FK Z\UD]LáR WR VDPR ]GDQLH 5yĪQLFD SRPLĊG]\ REX ZLHONRĞFLDPLWRSXQNWX=NROHLZ\ERUFyZRSRJOąGDFK FHQWURZ\FK]DGHNODURZDáRVZRMąQLHFKĊüZREHFZGURĪHQLDZ3ROVFH
HYRWLQJ SRGF]DV JG\ HOHNWRUDWX R SRJOąGDFK SUDZLFRZ\FK
E\áRWHJRVDPHJR]GDQLDUyĪQLFDPLĊG]\FHQWUXPDSUDZLFąZW\P Z]JOĊG]LHWRSXQNWX QDMZLĊNV]DUyĪQLFDZRGSRZLHG]LDFKSRSLHUDMąF\FKHJáRVRZDQLH± SXQNWX±RGQRWRZDQD]RVWDáDSRPLĊG]\Z\ERUFDPLRSRJOąGDFK FHQWURZ\FKRUD]W\PLNWyU]\QLHSRWUD¿OLVLĊRNUHĞOLüFRGR SRJOąGyZSROLW\F]Q\FK QDMPQLHMV]D UyĪQLFD Z RGSRZLHG]LDFK SRSLHUDMąF\FK HJáRVRZDQLH ± SXQNWX ± RGQRWRZDQD ]RVWDáD SRPLĊG]\ Z\ERUFDPL R SRJOąGDFK SUDZLFRZ\FK RUD] W\PL NWyU]\ QLH SRWUD¿OL VLĊRNUHĞOLü=D]QDF]\üZW\PPLHMVFXQDOHĪ\ĪHZĞUyGW\FKJUXS QLH RGQRWRZXMH VLĊ WHM VDPHM SUDZLGáRZRĞFL SU]\ RGSRZLHG]LDFK QHJDW\ZQ\FK±RGSRZLHGQLRRUD]
7DEHOD5R]NáDGSURFHQWRZ\RGSRZLHG]LQDS\WDQLHÄ&KFLDáD E\PDE\ZSROVNLFKZ\ERUDFKZSURZDG]RQRPRĪOLZRĞüJáRVRZDQLD HOHNWURQLF]QHJR]DSRĞUHGQLFWZHP,QWHUQHWX´ZNRQWHNĞFLHHOHNWRUDWyZ ZZ\ERUDFKGR3(ZUGRVHMPLNyZZRMHZyG]WZZURNXRUD] ZNRQWHNĞFLHGHNODURZDQ\FKSRJOąGyZSROLW\F]Q\FK =GHF\GRZDQLH7$. 5DF]HM7$. 1LHPDP]GDQLD =GHF\GRZDQLH1,(5DF]HM1,( (OHNWRUDW\ZZ\ERUDFKGR3( (OHNWRUDW\ZZ\ERUDFK GRVHMPLNyZZRMHZyG]WZ 3RJOąG\SROLW\F]QH ħUyGáRRSUDFRZDQLHZáDVQHQDSRGVWDZLHZ\QLNyZEDGDĔDQNLHWRZ\FK $QDOL]DXĞUHGQLRQ\FKZ\QLNyZSRV]F]HJyOQ\FKRGSRZLHG]LSR]ZDODVIRU PXáRZDüZQLRVHNLĪRGQLHVLHQLHVLĊGRSRJOąGyZLGHRORJLF]Q\FKUHVSRQGHQWyZ ZZLĊNV]\PVWRSQLXQLĪSUHIHUHQFMHSDUW\MQHSU]HNáDGDVLĊQDSRSDUFLHGODZSURZD G]HQLDJáRVRZDQLDLQWHUQHWRZHJRZ3ROVFH±FKRüUyĪQLFDSRPLĊG]\NRQNUHWQ\PL ZLHONRĞFLDPL MHVW QLHZLHOND L PLHĞFL VLĊ Z JUDQLFDFK EáĊGX VWDW\VW\F]QHJR 7UXGQR ZLĊF IRUPXáRZDü QD WHM SRGVWDZLH ZQLRVNL -HG\Q\P VWZLHUG]HQLHP RSDUW\PQDZ\QLNDFKWDEHOLMHVWWRĪH3RODF\FKFLHOLE\PLHüGRVWĊSGRMHV]F]H MHGQHM]W]ZDOWHUQDW\ZQ\FKPHWRGJáRVRZDQLDLSRSLHUDMąZSURZDG]HQLHHYRWLQJ. :\NUHV&]\JáRVRZDQLHHOHNWURQLF]QHSU]H],QWHUQHWSRZLQQRE\ü XPRĪOLZLRQHF]\WHĪQLH" ħUyGáRRSUDFRZDQLHZáDVQHQDSRGVWDZLH8áDWZLHQLDZJáRVRZDQLX:LHG]DRSLQLHLRF]HNL-wania.RPXQLNDW]EDGDĔ&%26QU:DUV]DZDV
'ųŽƐŽǁĂŶŝĞĞůĞŬƚƌŽŶŝĐnjŶĞũĂŬŽĂůƚĞƌŶĂƚLJǁŶĂŵĞƚŽĚĂƵĐnjĞƐƚŶŝĐnjĞŶŝĂǁǁLJďŽƌĂĐŚ͘͘͘
7DNL VWDQ U]HF]\ SRWZLHUG]DMą Z\QLNL EDGDĔ RSLQLL SXEOLF]QHM ] LU]NWyU\FKZ\QLNDĪHJHQHUDOQLH3RODF\SRSLHUDMąSRP\Vá\VWRVRZDQLD SURFHGXUJáRVRZDQLDLQQ\FKQLĪWHWUDG\F\MQH±ZORNDOXZ\ERUF]\P:RSLQLDFK QDMF]ĊĞFLHMZLGDüSRSDUFLHGODZSURZDG]HQLDPRĪOLZRĞFLJáRVRZDQLDLQWHUQH WRZHJRÄ3URFHGXUĊWĊZLG]LDáRE\ZSROVNLPSUDZLHZ\ERUF]\PáąF]QLH EDGDQ\FKZW\PXZDĪDĪHSRZLQQDE\üRQDDGUHVRZDQDGRZV]\VWNLFK Z\ERUFyZD±ĪHW\ONRGRRVyENWyUHPDMąGXĪHWUXGQRĞFL]GRWDUFLHPGR ORNDOLZ\ERUF]\FK&DáNRZLFLHSU]HFLZQ\FKZSURZDG]HQLXWDNLHMSURFHGXU\MHVW EDGDQ\FK:\QLNLWHVą]EOLĪRQHGRX]\VNDQ\FKZEDGDQLX]URNX ]DXZDĪ\ü PRĪQD MHG\QLH SHZQH SU]HVXQLĊFLH SUHIHUHQFML Z NLHUXQNX RJUDQL F]HQLDVWRVRZDQLDSURFHGXU\W\ONRGRRVyEPDMąF\FKWUXGQRĞFL]GRWDUFLHPGR ORNDOLZ\ERUF]\FK´>8áDWZLHQLDZJáRVRZDQLX@ 'RGDü Z W\P PLHMVFX QDOHĪ\ LĪ ]JRGQLH ] Z\QLNDPL EDGDQLD RSLQLL SXEOLF]QHM]URNX&%26%532QDMZLĊNV]\PL]ZROHQQLNDPLJáRVRZDQLD ]DSRĞUHGQLFWZHP,QWHUQHWXVąRVRE\UHSUH]HQWXMąFHQDMPáRGV]\HOHNWRUDW ODWDLODWD±ÄZREXJUXSDFKáąF]QLHSRSDUFLHGODQLHMZ\QRVLRNRáR :LĊNV]RĞü]QLFKZVND]XMHĪHSRZLQQDWRE\üSURFHGXUDGRVWĊSQDGOD ZV]\VWNLFKZ\ERUFyZ´>8áDWZLHQLDZJáRVRZDQLX@7DNDV\WXDFMDMHVW SRZV]HFKQDZZLĊNV]RĞFLSDĔVWZNWyUHMXĪZGURĪ\á\OXEG\VNXWXMąQDGPRĪOL ZRĞFLąLPSOHPHQWDFMLWHJRQDU]ĊG]LDLZ\QLND]IDNWXLĪPáRG]LRZLHOHF]ĊĞFLHM QLĪVWDUVLNRU]\VWDMą],QWHUQHWXLSRVWU]HJDMąWHQVSRVyEJáRVRZDQLDMDNRZ\JRG QLHMV]\ZVWRVXQNXGRPHWRGWUDG\F\MQ\FKJáRVRZDQLHEH]SRWU]HE\Z\FKR G]HQLD]GRPX]GRZROQHJRPLHMVFDQDĞZLHFLHLWG
'HNODUDFMH 3RODNyZ QD WHPDW NRU]\VWDQLD ] JáRVRZDQLD SU]H]
,QWHUQHWZZ\ERUDFK
1LHMDNR NRQVHNZHQFMą DQDOL]\ QDVWDZLHQLD 3RODNyZ ZREHF LPSOHPHQWDFML JáRVRZDQLDLQWHUQHWRZHJRZZ\ERUDFKMHVWDQDOL]DLFKGHNODUDFMLFRGRWHJRF]\JG\E\ HYRWLQJE\áGRVWĊSQ\±VNRU]\VWDOLE\]WDNLHMIRUP\XF]HVWQLFWZDZHOHNFMDFK $QDOL]DUR]NáDGXSURFHQWRZHJRRGSRZLHG]LQDS\WDQLHRWRF]\UHVSRQ GHQFLHOHNWRUDW\]Z\ERUyZGR3(VNRU]\VWDOLE\]PRĪOLZRĞFLJáRVRZDQLDSU]H] ,QWHUQHWZZ\ERUDFKJG\E\E\áDWDNDPRĪOLZRĞüSR]ZDOD]DXZDĪ\üLĪZZLĊN V]RĞFL]JUXSSR]DHOHNWRUDWHP36/RVRE\NWyUHRGSRZLHG]LDá\WZLHUG]ąFR Ä]GHF\GRZDQLHWDN´LÄUDF]HMWDN´VWDQRZLá\SRQDG1DMZLĊFHMSRWZLHUá\SRQDG1DMZLĊFHMSRWZLHUSRQDG1DMZLĊFHMSRWZLHU G]DMąF\FKGHNODUDFMLRGQRWRZDQRZĞUyGRVyENWyUHJáRVRZDá\QDLQQHSDUWLHQLĪ XZ]JOĊGQLRQHZ]HVWDZLHQLX±2RNRáRSXQNWyZPQLHMWZLHUG]ąF\FK RGSRZLHG]L]D]QDF]\á\HOHNWRUDW\13-.0L32±SR=ZROHQQLF\3L6 Z ]GHF\GRZDOLE\ VLĊ QD JáRVRZDQLH SU]H] ,QWHUQHW 1DWRPLDVW ZVSR PQLDQ\HOHNWRUDW36/W\ONRZVNáRQQ\E\áE\GRVNRU]\VWDQLD]HYRWLQJ.
7DEHOD5R]NáDGLORĞFLRZ\LSURFHQWRZ\RGSRZLHG]LQDS\WDQLH Ä6NRU]\VWDáDE\P]PRĪOLZRĞFLJáRVRZDQLDSU]H],QWHUQHWZZ\ERUDFK JG\E\E\áDWDNDPRĪOLZRĞü´ZSRV]F]HJyOQ\FKHOHNWRUDWDFKZZ\ERUDFK GR3DUODPHQWX(XURSHMVNLHJRZURNX Zdecydowanie 1,( 5DF]HM1,( SRZLHG]LHü7UXGQR 5DF]HM7$. Zdecydowanie 7$. 5D]HP 1RZD3UDZLFD -DQXV]D .RUZLQ0LNNH LORĞü 7 3 8 10 31 59 procent 3ODWIRUPD Obywatelska LORĞü 17 24 22 83 procent 3ROVNLH Stronnictwo Ludowe LORĞü 7 9 9 11 10 procent 3UDZR L6SUDZLHGOLZRĞü LORĞü 34 27 18 40 41 procent 6RMXV]/HZLF\ 'HPRNUDW\F]QHM ±8QLD3UDF\ LORĞü 10 8 15 15 54 procent ,QQD LORĞü 4 5 15 29 59 procent Nie JáRVRZDáHPDP LORĞü 39 37 57 114 283 procent 1LHSDPLĊWDP LORĞü 9 5 9 15 25 procent
-HĞOL FKRG]L R UR]NáDG SURFHQWRZ\ RGSRZLHG]L Ä]GHF\GRZDQLH QLH´ L ÄUDF]HM QLH´ ]DXZDĪ\ü QDOHĪ\ R ZLHOH ZLĊNV]\ G\VWDQV UHVSRQGHQWyZ GR HJáRVRZDQLDQLĪZSU]\SDGNXSRSLHUDQLDPRĪOLZRĞFLZSURZDG]HQLDHYRWLQJ. :SRV]F]HJyOQ\FKJUXSDFKHOHNWRUDWyZ]Z\ERUyZGR3(UR]SLĊWRĞüZ\QLNyZ E\áDRGZ\ERUF\LQQ\FKSDUWLLQLĪXZ]JOĊGQLRQHZWDEHOLGR Z\ERUF\3L6ZWHMJUXSLHRGQRWRZDQRWDNĪHQDMZLĊFHMRGSRZLHG]LÄ]GHF\ GRZDQLHQLH´ :ĞUyG HOHNWRUDWyZ SDUW\MQ\FK QDMPQLHM RGSRZLHG]L QD ÄQLH´ RGQRWRZDQRZĞUyGZ\ERUFyZSDUWLL-DQXV]D.RUZLQ0LNNHJRDWDNĪH ZĞUyGZ\ERUFyZ3ODWIRUP\6SRU\G\VWDQVZ\ND]DOLWDNĪHZ\ERUF\6/'83 ZĞUyGNWyU\FKQLHPDO]DGHNODURZDáRĪHQLHVNRU]\VWDáRE\]JáRVRZDQLD LQWHUQHWRZHJRZZ\ERUDFK&LHNDZąV\WXDFMĊRGQRWRZDQRZĞUyGZ\ERUFyZ 36/ZĞUyGNWyU\FK]QDOD]áRVLĊQDMZLĊFHMRVyENWyUH]D]QDF]\á\RGSRZLHGĨ ÄWUXGQRSRZLHG]LHü´±WDNĪHRGSRZLHG]LÄ]GHF\GRZDQLHQLH´ LÄUDF]HMQLH´GUXJLZ\QLN]QDMZLĊNV]ąOLF]EąRGSRZLHG]LQDÄQLH´ 1DSRGVWDZLHSRZ\ĪV]HJRPRĪQDVWZLHUG]LüLĪHOHNWRUDW\3L636/DSRWHP 6/'PDMąQDMEDUG]LHMÄWUDG\F\MQH´SRGHMĞFLHGRZ\ERUyZLZ\ND]XMąQDMZLĊNV]\ G\VWDQVMHĞOLFKRG]LRGHNODUDFMHVNRU]\VWDQLD]HJáRVRZDQLDZZ\ERUDFK
'ųŽƐŽǁĂŶŝĞĞůĞŬƚƌŽŶŝĐnjŶĞũĂŬŽĂůƚĞƌŶĂƚLJǁŶĂŵĞƚŽĚĂƵĐnjĞƐƚŶŝĐnjĞŶŝĂǁǁLJďŽƌĂĐŚ͘͘͘
$QDOL]DRGSRZLHG]LQDWRVDPRS\WDQLHW\OHĪH]XZ]JOĊGQLHQLHPHOHNWR UDWyZ]Z\ERUyZGRVHMPLNyZZRMHZyG]WZSR]ZDOD]DXZDĪ\üĪHZLĊNV]RĞü UHVSRQGHQWyZ ]GHF\GRZDáRE\ VLĊ RGGDü JáRV HOHNWURQLF]QLH JG\E\ LVWQLDáD WDNDPRĪOLZRĞü:WHMSHUVSHNW\ZLHQDMZLĊNV]HSRSDUFLHRGQRWRZDQRXWU]HFK JUXSUHVSRQGHQWyZXZ\ERUFyZSDUWLL.RUZLQ0LNNHJR±SXQNWX ZLĊFHM QLĪ Z SU]\SDGNX HOHNWRUDWX 13-.0 Z Z\ERUDFK GR 3( ZĞUyG JáRVXMąF\FKQD32±SXQNWXZLĊFHMQLĪZSU]\SDGNXHOHNWRUDWX32 ZZ\ERUDFKGR3(DWDNĪHZĞUyGW\FKNWyU]\RGGDOLJáRVQDLQQHSDUWLH± SXQNWXZLĊFHMQLĪZSU]\SDGNXZ\ERUyZGR3( 1DNROHMQ\PPLHMVFXSRGZ]JOĊGHPGHNODUDFMLVNRU]\VWDQLD]HJáRVR ZDQLD]QDOHĨOLVLĊZ\ERUF\NRPLWHWyZORNDOQ\FK±:\QLNLSRQLĪHM RGQRWRZDQRZSU]\SDGNXZ\ERUFyZNRDOLFML6RMXV]/HZLF\'HPRNUDW\F]QHM ±/HZLFD5D]HP±Z\QLNRSXQNWXZ\ĪV]\ZVWRVXQNXGRNRDOLFML 6/'83]Z\ERUyZGR3(:ĞUyGZ\ERUFyZSDUWLL3L6±VNáRQQ\FK E\áRE\GR]DJáRVRZDQLDLQWHUQHWRZRFRVWDQRZLZ\QLNRSXQNWXZ\ĪV]\RG WHJR]Z\ERUyZGR3(.ROHMQLZ]HVWDZLHQLXVąZ\ERUF\36/ZĞUyGNWyU\FK RGSRZLHG]L Ä]GHF\GRZDQLH WDN´ L ÄUDF]HM WDN´ Z\EUDáD SRáRZD S\WDQ\FK RSXQNWXZLĊFHMQLĪZZ\ERUDFKGR3(&RFLHNDZHRVyENWyUH QLHJáRVRZDá\]DGHNODURZDáRĪHXF]HVWQLF]\áRE\ZZ\ERUDFKJG\E\PRĪQD E\áRRGGDüJáRV]DSRĞUHGQLFWZHP,QWHUQHWXZNRQWHNĞFLHZ\ERUyZGR3( WHVDPHRGSRZLHG]L]D]QDF]\áRS\WDQ\FK:WHMJUXSLHXSUDZQLRQ\FK GR JáRVRZDQLD ]D]QDF]\áR ĪH Ä]GHF\GRZDQLH QLH´ OXE ÄUDF]HM QLH´ VNRU]\VWDáRE\]HJáRVRZDQLDZ\EUDáRWHVDPHRGSRZLHG]LQDS\WDQLH ZNRQWHNĞFLHZ\ERUyZHXURSHMVNLFK
6]F]HJyOQLH XG]LDá SURFHQWRZ\ RGSRZLHG]L WZLHUG]ąF\FK MHVW LVWRWQ\ Z NRQWHNĞFLH RF]HNLZDĔ ZLą]DQ\FK ] ZGURĪHQLHP HYRWLQJ -DNR QDU]ĊG]LH R ZLHOH EDUG]LHM NRPIRUWRZH L Z\PDJDMąFH PQLHM Z\VLáNX ]H VWURQ\ RVyE NWyUHFKFąXF]HVWQLF]\üZZ\ERUDFKHOHNWURQLF]QHJáRVRZDQLHPRĪH]DWHP ]DFKĊFDüGRXG]LDáXZZ\ERUDFKW\FKNWyU]\]Z\NOHQLHJáRVRZDOL8G]LDáWHQ ]NROHLPRĪHSU]HáRĪ\üVLĊQDZ]URVWIUHNZHQFMLZ\ERUF]HM 5R]SDWUXMąFRGSRZLHG]LQHJDW\ZQHVSRĞUyGRJyOQRSROVNLFKNRPLWHWyZ XZ]JOĊGQLRQ\FKZEDGDQLDFKQDMPQLHMW\FKNWyU]\]DJáRVRZDOLE\HOHNWUR QLF]QLH]QDOD]áRVLĊZĞUyGZ\ERUFyZNRDOLFML3L6]SDUWLDPL*RZLQDL=LREU\ ±RUD]ZĞUyGHOHNWRUDWX36/±2GQRWRZDüQDOHĪ\ĪHZVNDĨQLNL GOD REX HOHNWRUDWyZ E\á\ PQLHMV]H DQLĪHOL Z SU]\SDGNX S\WDQLD R WR VDPR ZNRQWHNĞFLHZ\ERUyZGR3(
3RGREQLHMDNZSLHUZV]HMF]ĊĞFLEDGDQLDGRWSRSDUFLDGODZGURĪHQLD
HYRWLQJLQWHUHVXMąF\PMHVWIDNWLĪZĞUyGZ\ERUFyZLQQ\FKSDUWLLW\ONR
7DEHOD5R]NáDGLORĞFLRZ\LSURFHQWRZ\RGSRZLHG]LQDS\WDQLH Ä6NRU]\VWDáDE\P]PRĪOLZRĞFLJáRVRZDQLDSU]H],QWHUQHWZZ\ERUDFK JG\E\E\áDWDNDPRĪOLZRĞü´ZSRV]F]HJyOQ\FKHOHNWRUDWDFKZZ\ERUDFKGR VHMPLNyZZRMHZyG]WZZURNX Zdecydowanie 1,( 5DF]HM1,( SRZLHG]LHü7UXGQR 5DF]HM7$. Zdecydowanie 7$. 5D]HP 1RZD3UDZLFD -DQXV]D .RUZLQ0LNNH LORĞü 5 1 5 9 17 37 procent 3ODWIRUPD Obywatelska LORĞü 19 20 19 59 193 procent 3ROVNLH Stronnictwo Ludowe LORĞü 11 14 18 19 24 procent .RDOLFMD3UDZR L6SUDZLHGOLZRĞü ±3ROVND5D]HP -DURVáDZD *RZLQD± 6ROLGDUQD3ROVND Zbigniewa Ziobry LORĞü 34 18 40 49 procent .RDOLFMD 6RMXV]/HZLF\ 'HPRNUDW\F]QHM ±/HZLFD5D]HP LORĞü 4 11 10 12 23 procent .RPLWHWORNDOQ\ regionalny LORĞü 12 8 18 31 75 procent ,QQD LORĞü 2 2 4 5 21 34 procent Nie JáRVRZDáHPDP procentLORĞü 34 31 48 93 232 1LHSDPLĊWDP LORĞü 7 13 14 procent :GDOV]HMNROHMQRĞFL±QDMPQLHMW\FKNWyU]\QLHVNRU]\VWDOLE\]HJáRVR ZDQLDE\áRE\ZĞUyGZ\ERUFyZ.RUZLQ0LNNHJR±SXQNWXPQLHM QLĪZSU]\SDGNXZ\ERUyZGR3(RUD]32±Z\QLNQLHPDOWHQVDPFR ZNRQWHNĞFLHS\WDĔRZ\ERU\GR3(6SRĞUyGW\FKNWyU]\JáRVRZDOLQDNRPLWHW\ ORNDOQH]HOHNWURQLF]QHJRJáRVRZDQLDQLHVNRU]\VWDáRE\S\WDQ\FK 3RZ\ĪV]DDQDOL]DVNáDQLDGRVIRUPXáRZDQLDZQLRVNXLĪ3RODF\JHQH UDOQLHVą]GDQLDLĪQDOHĪDáRE\ZSURZDG]LüHJáRVRZDQLHZSROVNLFKHOHNFMDFK D MHĞOL WD GRGDWNRZD IRUPD XF]HVWQLFWZD E\áDE\ GRVWĊSQD ± ]GHF\GRZDQD ZLĊNV]RĞü]WHMPRĪOLZRĞFLE\áDE\VNáRQQDVNRU]\VWDü
'ųŽƐŽǁĂŶŝĞĞůĞŬƚƌŽŶŝĐnjŶĞũĂŬŽĂůƚĞƌŶĂƚLJǁŶĂŵĞƚŽĚĂƵĐnjĞƐƚŶŝĐnjĞŶŝĂǁǁLJďŽƌĂĐŚ͘͘͘
:LąĪąFSRZ\ĪV]HZ\QLNL]RGSRZLHG]LDPLXG]LHODQ\PLZNRQWHNĞFLH SRJOąGyZSROLW\F]Q\FKZDUWR]ZUyFLüXZDJĊQDNLONDLVWRWQ\FK±Z\GDMHVLĊ ±NZHVWLLUyĪQLFXMąF\FKSRV]F]HJyOQHJUXS\UHVSRQGHQWyZ
SR SLHUZV]H ZH ZV]\VWNLFK JUXSDFK ZLĊNV]RĞü DQNLHWRZDQ\FK ]DGHNODURZDáD ĪH JG\E\ Z SROVNLFK Z\ERUDFK ZSURZDG]RQR HJáRVRZDQLH LQWHUQHWRZH WR RVRE\ WH RGGDá\E\ VZRMH JáRV\ HOHNWURQLF]QLHFHQWUXP±OHZLFD±SUDZLFD± RUD]FLNWyU]\QLHSRWUD¿ąVLĊRNUHĞOLüFRGRSRJOąGyZSROLW\F]Q\FK ±'DQHWHĞZLDGF]ąRSR]\W\ZQ\FKQDVWURMDFKZ]JOĊGHPWHM GRGDWNRZHMPHWRG\JáRVRZDQLDZHOHNFMDFKZĞUyGRVyEEDGDQ\FK SRGUXJLHQDMPQLHMRVyENWyUHQLHE\á\FKĊWQHGRVNRU]\VWDQLD]HYRWLQJ
E\áR ZĞUyG W\FK RNUHĞODMąF\FK VLĊ MDNR HOHNWRUDW FHQWURZ\ ± ZSR]RVWDá\FKJUXSDFKWHQZVNDĨQLNZ\QRVLRGGR 7DEHOD5R]NáDGLORĞFLRZ\LSURFHQWRZ\RGSRZLHG]LQDS\WDQLH Ä6NRU]\VWDáDE\P]PRĪOLZRĞFLJáRVRZDQLDSU]H],QWHUQHWZZ\ERUDFKJG\E\ E\áDWDNDPRĪOLZRĞü´ZNRQWHNĞFLHGHNODURZDQ\FKSRJOąGyZSROLW\F]Q\FK Zdecydowanie 1,( 5DF]HM1,( SRZLHG]LHü7UXGQR 5DF]HM7$. Zdecydowanie 7$. 5D]HP Lewica LORĞü 23 21 34 79 183 procent &HQWUXP LORĞü 13 18 15 45 73 procent 3UDZLFD LORĞü 55 37 89 112 339 procent 1LHZLHPQLH
SRWUD¿ĊRNUHĞOLü procentLORĞü 29 32 44 55 84 244
SR WU]HFLH QDMZLĊNV]H UyĪQLFH Z RSLQLDFK RGQRWRZDQR SRPLĊG]\ DQNLHWRZDQ\PL PDMąF\PL SRJOąG\ FHQWURZH RUD] W\PL NWyU]\ RNUHĞODOLVLĊMDNRZ\ERUF\SUDZLFRZL:ĞUyGW\FKSLHUZV]\FK GHNODURZDáRVNRU]\VWDQLH]HJáRVRZDQLDSRGF]DVJG\Z\ERUFyZ SUDZLFRZ\FKZ\UD]LáRWRVDPR]GDQLH5yĪQLFDSRPLĊG]\QLPLZ\QLRVáD SXQNWX = NROHL Z\ERUFyZ FHQWURZ\FK ]DGHNODURZDáR ĪH QLH ]DJáRVRZDáRE\ HOHNWURQLF]QH SRGF]DV JG\ Z WHQ VDP VSRVyE RGSRZLHG]LDáRHOHNWRUDWXSUDZLFRZHJRUyĪQLFDWRSXQNWX SR F]ZDUWH QDMZLĊNV]D UyĪQLFD Z RGSRZLHG]LDFK RVyE NWyUH
]DGHNODURZDá\]DJáRVRZDQLH]DSRĞUHGQLFWZHP,QWHUQHWX±SXQNWyZ SURFHQWRZ\FK±RGQRWRZDQD]RVWDáDSRPLĊG]\Z\ERUFDPLRSRJOąGDFK FHQWURZ\FKRUD]W\PLNWyU]\QLHSRWUD¿OLVLĊRNUHĞOLüFRGR SRJOąGyZSROLW\F]Q\FK
SR SLąWH QDMPQLHMV]D UyĪQLFD Z XG]LDOH SURFHQWRZ\P RVyE GHNODUXMąF\FK HJáRVRZDQLH RGQRWRZDQD ]RVWDáD SRPLĊG]\ Z\ERUFDPLRSRJOąGDFKSUDZLFRZ\FKRUD]W\PLNWyU]\QLHSRWUD¿OL VLĊRNUHĞOLü±SXQNWX 7DEHOD5R]NáDGSURFHQWRZ\RGSRZLHG]LQDS\WDQLHÄ6NRU]\VWDáDE\P ]PRĪOLZRĞFLJáRVRZDQLDSU]H],QWHUQHWZZ\ERUDFKJG\E\E\áDWDNDPRĪOLZRĞü´ ZNRQWHNĞFLHHOHNWRUDWyZZZ\ERUDFKGR3(ZUGRVHMPLNyZZRMHZyG]WZ ZURNXRUD]ZNRQWHNĞFLHGHNODURZDQ\FKSRJOąGyZSROLW\F]Q\FK =GHF\GRZDQLH7$. 5DF]HM7$. 1LHPDP]GDQLD =GHF\GRZDQLH1,(5DF]HM1,( (OHNWRUDW\ZZ\ERUDFKGR3( (OHNWRUDW\ZZ\ERUDFK GRVHMPLNyZZRMHZyG]NLFK 3RJOąG\SROLW\F]QH ħUyGáRRSUDFRZDQLHZáDVQHQDSRGVWDZLHZ\QLNyZEDGDĔDQNLHWRZ\FK
$QDOL]D XĞUHGQLRQ\FK Z\QLNyZ SRV]F]HJyOQ\FK RGSRZLHG]L SR]ZDOD ]DXZDĪ\ü LĪ UyĪQLFH SRPLĊG]\ SRV]F]HJyOQ\PL ZLHONRĞFLDPL Vą QLHZLHONLH RN SXQNWX SURFHQWRZHJR D GRGDWNRZR RSLQLH XZ]JOĊGQLDMąFH SUHIHUHQFMH SDUW\MQHMDNLSRJOąG\SROLW\F]QHVąSRUyZQ\ZDOQH2VRE\GHNODUXMąFHVNRU]\ VWDQLH]HJáRVRZDQLDVWDQRZLąRNRáREDGDQ\FK3U]HFLZQLF\NRU]\VWDQLD ]WHJRW\SXLQVWUXPHQWyZUHSUH]HQWXMąRNRáRUHVSRQGHQWyZ1DWRPLDVW FRDQNLHWRZDQ\QLHPD]GDQLDQDWHQWHPDW1DSRGVWDZLHSRZ\ĪV]HJR ]HVWDZLHQLDPRĪQDVWZLHUG]LüLĪZLĊNV]RĞüRVyEDQNLHWRZDQ\FK±JG\E\E\áDWDND PRĪOLZRĞü±]DJáRVRZDáDE\ZVSRVyELQWHUQHWRZ\FRZLQQRVWDQRZLüERG]LHFGR V]HUV]HMG\VNXVMLQDWHPDWZGURĪHQLDHOHNWURQLF]QHJRJáRVRZDQLDZ3ROVFH 0LPRWDNMHGQR]QDF]Q\FKRGSRZLHG]LUHVSRQGHQWyZZDUWRSRZRáDüVLĊ QDZ\QLNLSU]\ZRá\ZDQ\FKMXĪZF]HĞQLHMEDGDĔ&%26L%532NWyUHZVND]XMą LĪ±PLPRJHQHUDOQLHSR]\W\ZQHJRQDVWDZLHQLD3RODNyZZ]JOĊGHPHJáRVRZDQLD± ZJUXQFLHU]HF]\ZLĊNV]RĞüXSUDZQLRQ\FKGRJáRVRZDQLDMHVWÄWUDG\FMRQDOLVWDPL´ :\QLNLEDGDĔRSLQLLSXEOLF]QHMUHDOL]RZDQHZPDUFXUGRZRG]ą LĪQLHPDOGZLHWU]HFLHEDGDQ\FKVSRĞUyGUR]PDLW\FKSURFHGXUJáRVR ZDQLDSUHIHUXMHJáRVRZDQLHZORNDOXZ\ERUF]\P:SRUyZQDQLX]Z\QLNDPL DQDORJLF]QHJREDGDQLD]URNXJáRVRZDQLHZORNDOXZ\ERUF]\PVWDáRVLĊ PQLHMSRSXODUQHVSDGHN]GRÄ:]URVáRMHGQRF]HĞQLH]QDF]HQLH DOWHUQDW\ZQ\FK SURFHGXU JáRVRZDQLD ± V]F]HJyOQLH JáRVRZDQLD HOHNWUR QLF]QHJR QD NWyUH MDNR SUHIHURZDQą IRUPĊ XG]LDáX Z Z\ERUDFK ZVND]DáR EDGDQ\FKZURNX±,QQHSURFHGXU\PLQJáRVRZDQLHNRUH VSRQGHQF\MQH L SU]H] SHáQRPRFQLND Z\EUDOL MHG\QLH QLHOLF]QL UHVSRQGHQFL´ >8áDWZLHQLDZJáRVRZDQLX@
'ųŽƐŽǁĂŶŝĞĞůĞŬƚƌŽŶŝĐnjŶĞũĂŬŽĂůƚĞƌŶĂƚLJǁŶĂŵĞƚŽĚĂƵĐnjĞƐƚŶŝĐnjĞŶŝĂǁǁLJďŽƌĂĐŚ͘͘͘ :\NUHV*G\E\PLDáD3DQLZ\EyUMDNJáRVRZDüWRZRODáDE\P JáRVRZDüRGSRZLHG]LZ ħUyGáRRSUDFRZDQLHZáDVQHQDSRGVWDZLH8áDWZLHQLDZJáRVRZDQLX:LHG]DRSLQLHLRF]HNL-wania.RPXQLNDW]EDGDĔ&%26QU:DUV]DZDV :VSRPQLDQH Z\QLNL EDGDĔ ZVND]XMą WDNĪH QD ]PLDQ\ MDNLH ]DFKRG]ą ZSRJOąGDFKQDMPáRGV]\FKZ\ERUFyZZZLHNXRGGRODWNWyU]\U]DG]LHM QLĪ MHV]F]H Z U Z\ELHUDMą WUDG\F\MQH JáRVRZDQLH SU]\ XUQLH Z ORNDOX Z\ERUF]\PZREHFZURNX3U]\VSDGNX]DLQWHUHVRZDQLDJáRVR ZDQLHPZORNDOXRGQRWRZDQRZ]URVWSRSXODUQRĞFLHYRWLQJZWHMJUXSLH ZLHNRZHMZVWRVXQNXGRZURNX=ZUyFLüZW\PPLHMVFXQDOHĪ\ XZDJĊ QD IDNW LĪ ZUD] Ä] ZLHNLHP SRSDUFLH GOD WHMSURFHGXU\ ]GHF\GRZDQLH VSDGDRVLąJDMąFMHG\QLHZĞUyGZ\ERUFyZSRZ\ĪHMURNXĪ\FLD´DWDNĪH ÄZUD]]ZFKRG]HQLHPZGRURVáRĞüNROHMQ\FKURF]QLNyZZ\ERUFyZSRSDUFLHGOD JáRVRZDQLDSU]H],QWHUQHWEĊG]LHURVáRDSRSXODUQRĞüRGGDZDQLDJáRVXZORNDOX Z\ERUF]\PPRĪH]DF]ąüVSDGDü´>8áDWZLHQLDZJáRVRZDQLX@
3RGVXPRZDQLH
(JáRVRZDQLH NWyUH Z RVWDWQLFK ODWDFK MHVW FRUD] EDUG]LHM SRSXODUQH ZUyĪQ\FKSDĔVWZDFK(XURS\LĞwiata ±QSZ(VWRQLL>0XVLDá.DUJE 0XVLDá.DUJ D @ 6]ZDMFDULL >0XVLDá.DUJ D 0XVLDá.DUJE@6WDQDFK=MHGQRF]RQ\FK$XVWUDOLLLLQ a wpro ZDG]HQLHHYRWLQJZNUDMRZ\FKHOHNFMDFKLUHIHUHQGDFKMHVWV]HURNRG\VNX WRZDQH QLH W\ONR SU]H] SDUODPHQWDU]\VWyZ F]\ SU]H] PLQLVWUyZ Z U]ąGDFK
DOHWDNĪHSU]H]VDP\FKZ\ERUFyZ:DUWR]DXZDĪ\üĪHZ\NRU]\VWDQLHQRZ\FK WHFKQRORJLL Z SURFHGXUDFK JáRVRZDQLD QLHVLH ]D VREą SU]HGH ZV]\VWNLP NRU]\Ğü NWyUą Z\GDMH VLĊ XĞZLDGDPLDMą VRELH Z\ERUF\ ± HOLPLQDFMĊ EDULHU ]ZLą]DQ\FK]U]HF]\ZLVW\PRGGDOHQLHPXSUDZQLRQ\FKRGORNDOLZ\ERUF]\FK 2SUyF]WHJRSR]\W\ZQąVWURQąHYRWLQJVąXáDWZLHQLDZRUJDQL]DFMLRUD]SU]H SURZDG]DQLX JáRVRZDQLD L OLF]HQLX JáRVyZ ]DUyZQR GOD DGPLQLVWUDFML MDN LSROLW\NyZ>.ULPPHU@
3DPLĊWDüMHGQDNQDOHĪ\RW\PE\SU]\UR]ZDĪDQLXZGURĪHQLDHJáRVR ZDQLHEUDüSRGXZDJĊWDNĪHVáDEHVWURQ\HYRWLQJ]ZLą]DQHSU]HGHZV]\VWNLP ] EH]SLHF]HĔVWZHP ]DUyZQR SURFHGXU\ RGGDZDQLD MDN L OLF]HQLD JáRVyZ ZZ\ERUDFKLUHIHUHQGDFK0LPRVWDOHLVWQLHMąF\FKSUREOHPyZWHFKQLF]Q\FK ]ZLą]DQ\FKQDSU]\NáDG]]DSHZQLHQLHPEH]SLHF]HĔVWZDZ\ERUyZ±ZLHOR UDNLHNRU]\ĞFLGODUyĪQ\FKJUXSZ\ERUFyZSROLW\NyZDGPLQLVWUDFMLDWDNĪH SR]\W\ZQHGRĞZLDGF]HQLDZLHOXSDĔVWZ±PRJąRND]DüVLĊSRZDĪQ\PERGĨFHP GRZSURZDG]DQLHHYRWLQJQLHW\ONRZ(XURSLHDOHLZLQQ\FKSDĔVWZDFKĞZLDWD ±PLQZ3ROVFH 0LPR ]DSHZQH MHV]F]H GáXJLHJR F]DVX NWyU\ XSá\QLH GR ZGURĪHQLD systemu HYRWLQJ QDOHĪ\ GRVWU]HF SR]\W\ZQH QDVWDZLHQLH Z\ERUFyZ GR HZHQWXDOQHJRNRU]\VWDQLD]HOHNWURQLF]QHJRJáRVRZDQLD:\QLNLSU]HSURZD G]RQ\FKZUDPDFKQLQLHMV]HJRSURMHNWXEDGDĔSRWZLHUG]DMąWRSU]\SXV]F]HQLH LFKRü]SHZQRĞFLąQLHPRĪQDPyZLüRUHZROXFMLSUDZDZ\ERUF]HJRZ3ROVFH ±SURFHV]PLDQMHVWZ\UDĨQLH]DXZDĪDOQ\(OHNWURQLF]QHJáRVRZDQLHPRĪHVWDü VLĊMHGQ\P]MHJRHWDSyZZSU]\V]áRĞFL %LEOLRJUD¿D
%DOLV]HZVNL 7 *áRVRZDQLH NRUHVSRQGHQF\MQH GOD ZV]\VWNLFK RE\ZDWHOL 3UH]\GHQW
SRGSLVDá QRZHOL]DFMĊ KWWSQDWHPDWSOJORVRZDQLHNRUHVSRQGHQF\MQHGOD ZV]\VWNLFKRE\ZDWHOLSUH]\GHQWSRGSLVDOQRZHOL]DFMHGRVWĊS .ULPPHU5(9RWLQJLQ$XVWULD&XUUHQW6WDWXVLQDQGDURXQG$XVWULDPDUFDU ,(&(*&RQIHUHQFH%HOHN7XUFMD 0DFLHMHZVNL$(YRWLQJWRNZHVWLDF]DVXKWWSZZZFRPSXWHUZRUOGSOQHZV (YRWLQJWRNZHVWLDF]DVXKWPOGRVWĊS
0XVLDá.DUJ 0 (OHFWURQLF 9RWLQJ 6HOHFWHG LVVXHV FRQFHUQLQJ LPSOHPHQWDWLRQ RI
DQHZWRRORIFLYLFGHPRFUDWLFSDUWLFLSDWLRQ>Z@3URFHHGLQJV(,,&7KHUG(OHFWURQLF ,QWHUQDWLRQDO,QWHUGLVFLSOLQDU\&RQIHUHQFH(',6±3XEOLVKLQJ,QVWLWXWLRQRIWKH8QLYHUVLW\ RI=LOLQD6ORYDNLD
0XVLDá.DUJ 0 D (OHNWURQLF]QH UHIHUHQGXP Z 6]ZDMFDULL :\EUDQH NLHUXQNL ]PLDQ
KHOZHFNLHMGHPRNUDFMLEH]SRĞUHGQLHM3R]QDĔ:13L'8$0
0XVLDá.DUJ0E,V(OHFWURQLF9RWLQJD3DQDFHDIRUD/RZ7XUQRXW"([DPSOHVRI(VWRQLDQ
H(OHFWLRQVDQG6ZLVVH5HIHUHQGXPV³3ROLVK3ROLWLFDO6FLHQFH<HDUERRN´
0XVLDá.DUJ0D,QWHUQHWRZHJáRVRZDQLHZ(VWRQLLQDSU]\NáDG]LHZ\ERUyZZODWDFK
'ųŽƐŽǁĂŶŝĞĞůĞŬƚƌŽŶŝĐnjŶĞũĂŬŽĂůƚĞƌŶĂƚLJǁŶĂŵĞƚŽĚĂƵĐnjĞƐƚŶŝĐnjĞŶŝĂǁǁLJďŽƌĂĐŚ͘͘͘ 0XVLDá.DUJ 0 E 7KH 7KHRU\ DQG 3UDFWLFH RI 2QOLQH 9RWLQJ 7KH &DVH RI (VWRQLD
VHOHFWHGLVVXHV³$WKHQDHXP3ROLVK3ROLWLFDO6FLHQFH6WXGLHV´QU 1RZLQD.RQRSND0(OHNWURQLF]QDXUQDKWWSZZZUSRJRYSOSOLNL SGIGRVWĊS 5HFRPPHQGDWLRQ5HFRIWKH&RPPLWWHHRI0LQLVWHUVWRPHPEHUVWDWHVRQOHJDO RSHUDWLRQDODQGWHFKQLFDOVWDQGDUGVIRUHYRWLQJDGRSWHGE\WKH&RPPLWWHHRI0LQLVWHUV RQ6HSWHPEHUDWWKHWKPHHWLQJRIWKH0LQLVWHUV¶'HSXWLHV
53 3RODF\ GR JáRVRZDQLD .RUHVSRQGHQF\MQHJR KWWSZZZUSSODUW\NXO KWPO"SULQW WDN S GRVWĊS
6]\PDQHN - (YRWLQJ Z ĞZLHWOH SU]HSLVyZ .RQVW\WXFML 53 KWWS ZZZ PDUNHWLQJSROLW\F]Q\RUJHYRWLQJZVZLHWOHSU]HSLVRZNRQVW\WXFMLUS9DB /BOP10 GRVWĊS 8áDWZLHQLD Z JáRVRZDQLX :LHG]D RSLQLH L RF]HNLZDQLD .RPXQLNDW ] EDGDĔ QU :DUV]DZD&%26 8VWDZD]GQLDOLSFDUR]PLDQLHXVWDZ\±.RGHNVZ\ERUF]\RUD]QLHNWyU\FKLQQ\FK XVWDZ. 8VWDZDMHVWZ\QLNLHPSUDFSDUODPHQWXQDGSURMHNWHPSRVHOVNLPZQLHVLRQ\PGR 6HMPXZOLSFXUGUXNVHMPRZ\QU :RMWDVLN:)XQNFMHZ\ERUyZZ,,,5]HF]\SRVSROLWHM7HRULDLSUDNW\ND Katowice: :\GDZQLFWZR8QLZHUV\WHWXĝOąVNLHJR
=ELHUDQHN - $OWHUQDW\ZQH SURFHGXU\ JáRVRZDQLD Z 3ROVFH QD WOH SDĔVWZ 8QLL
(XURSHMVNLHM6WXGLD%$6QU
=ELHUDQHN-:VWURQĊUHIRUP\SURFHGXUJáRVRZDQLDZ3ROVFH$QDOL]\L2SLQLHQU :DUV]DZD,QVW\WXW6SUDZ3XEOLF]Q\FK