On some representatives of the Family Nodosariidae (Foraminiferida) from the Middle Jurassic of Poland

R O C Z N I K P O L S K I E G O T O W A R Z Y S T W A G E O L O G I C Z N E G O

A N N A L E S D E L A S O C I E T E G f i O L O G I Q U E D E P O L O G N E

Tom (V olum e) X X X IX — 1969 Zeszyt (Fascicule) 1—3 K raków 1969

J A N U S Z K O P I K *

ON SOME REPRESENTATIVES OF THE FAMILY

NODOSARIIDAE (FORAMINIFERIDA) FROM THE MIDDLE JURASSIC OF POLAND

P I. C I I I — C V I I a n d 8 F ig s .

O niektórych przedstawicielach rodziny Nodosariidae (Foraminiferida) środkowej ju ry Polski

Tabl. CIII—CVII i 8 fig.

A b s t r a c t . T h r e e n e w s p e c ie s , Frondicularia ⁽Ichtyolaria⁾ nympho, s p . n .,

Lenticulina ⁽Astacolus⁾ kujaviana s p . n . a n d L. ^{(/1 .)} argonauta s p . n ., a s w e l l a s n e w s u b s p e c ie s , L . ( A .) polymorpha arachne s u b s p . n ., h a v e b e e n d i s t i n g u i s h e d in a n a s s e m b la g e o f f o r a m i n i f e r s o c c u r r i n g i n t h e e p i c o n t i n e n t a l K u i a v i a n a n d B a - t h o n i a n s e d im e n t s o f P o la n d . T h e f i r s t t w o s p e c ie s a r e c o m m o n i n K u i a v i a n s ta g e ( U p p e r B a j o c i a n a n d L o w e r B a t h o n i a n s e n s u a n g lic o ) o f t h e P o m e r a n i a n S w e l l, F o r e - S u d e t i c M o n o c l in e , R a w a - G i e l n i ó w A n t i c l i n e a n d C r a c o w - W i e l u ń J u r a . Lenti­

culina ⁽Astacolus⁾ polymorpha arachne s u b s p . n . a n d L . ( A .) argonauta sp . n . h a v e so f a r b e e n d i s t i n g u i s h e d o n l y i n t h e K u i a v i a n a n d B a t h o n i a n o f t h e C r a c o w - W i e l u ń

J u r a .

I N T R O D U C T I O N

During the period of the greatest intensity of transgressive m ove­

ments, the epicontinental sedimentation basin of the Middle Jurassic covered more than 3/4 of the territory of the present Poland. The general Middle Jurassic transgression, originated in the Aalenian and covering a fairly narrow zone of activity, reached its maximum range in higher parts of the Dogger, that is, in the Kuiavian and Bathonian. In the area of Northern and Central Poland, the sediments of these stages are mostly characterized by a clayey lithofacies rich in fossils. The palaeontological material, described in the present paper, comes precisely from those formations. It was obtained only from boring samples which came from tooth classical outcrops (Cracow-Wieluń Jura) and areas in which Middle Jurassic sedim ents are sunken to fairly large depths (Polish Lowland).

Som e of the new species here described such as, Frondicularia (Ichtyo­

laria) nympho, sp. n. and Lenticulina (Astacolus) kujaviana sp. n., have for m any years now played the role of index foraminifers stratigraphically im portant for the Middle and Upper Kuiavian of Poland. According to the stratigraphic schema in force in Poland, the two species referred to above are recorded in the following ammonite zones: Parkinsonia suba-

* A d d r e s s : J a n u s z K o p i k , I n s t y t u t G e o lo g ic z n y , W a r s z a w a , u l. R a k o w i e c k a 4, P o la n d .

rietis, P. parkinsoni. P. schloenbachi (Middle Kuiavian), as w ell as Par- kinsonia compressa and P. ferruginea (Upper Kuiavian). The former three ammonite zones correspond, in W estern Europe, to a standard zone of Parkinsonia parkinsoni (upper part of the Upper Bajocian) and the latter two — to the Zigzagiceras zigzag zone (Lower Bathonian sensu anglico).

Lenticulina (Astacolus) polymorpha arachne subsp. n. and L. (A.) argo­

nauta sp. n. have a sligh tly wider Stratigraphie range (from Middle

FR0ND1CULARIA (ICHTYO LARIA) NYM PHA S P N.

LENTICULINA (A S TA C O LU S ) K U JA V IA N A SP N.

LEN TIC U LIN A (A STACO LUS) POLYMORPHA ARACHNE SUBSP. N.

LENTICULINA (ASTACOLUS) ARGONAUTA SP N.

LOWER JU R A S SIC

MIDDLE AND UPPER JU R A S S IC

Fig. 1. L o c a litie s in w h ic h n e w sp ecies of L e n t i c u l i n a and F r on di c u l a ri a occur in P ola n d , sh o w n a g a in st th e b ack grou n d of su b -C en ozo ic o u tcrop s of th e e p ic o n tin e n ta l

Ju rassic

— 53(5 —

Kuiavian to Lower or Middle Bathonian). As to their number, th ey also are not as abundantly represented as the two former species. For these reasons, therefore, their Stratigraphie value as index species is sm aller by far despite the fact that their geographical range (on European scale) seems to be considerably w ider than that of Frondicularia (Ichtyolaria) n ym p h a sp. n. and L. (A.) kujaviana sp. n.

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PA L A E O N T O L O G IC A L PA R T L eg en d (sym bols u sed in T ables):

L — th e la rg e st len g th of th e test, W — th e la r g e st w id th o f th e test,

T — th e la r g e st th ic k n ess of th e test,

Dcj — d ia m eter of in itia l cham ber (proloculum ), C — num ber of ch am b ers (proloculum in clu d ed ), L/W — le n g th -w id th ratio,

W /T — w id th -th ic k n e ss ratio.

O rder F o ra m in iferid a E i c h w a l d , 1830 F a m ily N od o sa riid a e E h r e n b e r g , 1838 (nom. corr. L i s t e r i n L a n k e s t e r , 1903) S u b fa m ily N o d o sa riin a e E h r e n b e r g , 1838

(nom. corr. C h a p m a n , 1900)

G enus Fr ond ic ul ar ia D e f r a n c e (in d’O r b i g n y, 1826) S u b gen u s I ch t y o l a r i a W e d e k i n d , 1937

(em end. S e l l i e r d e C i v r i e u x & D e s s a u v a g i e , 1965) (T ype sp ecies: Fr on di c ul a ri a b ic os t at a d’O r b i g n y , 1849)

Frondicularia (Ichtyolaria) ny m p h a sp. n.

(PL C III, F igs. 1— 13; T e x t-fig s . 3a— c, 4a— d)

? 1922 Fr on di c ul a ri a i n t u m e s c e n s B o r n e m a n n ; P a a l z o w R.: p. 19, tabl. 2, Fig. 12.

7 1959 Fro nd ic ul ari a s pi ss a T e r q u e m ; Z i e g l e r J. H. : p. I l l , tabl. 4, Fig. 8.

M a t e r i a l . F ifty specim ens from the Middle and Upper Kuiavian of Cracow-W ielun Jura, Pom eranian S w ell and R aw a-G ielniow Anticline.

H o l o t y p u s : PI. GIII, Fig. 2, T ext-fig. 3b; Coll. 5,602/68/F, Geological Institute, Warsaw.

S t r a t u m t y p i c u m : Middle Kuiavian (Upper Bajocian sensu anglico).

L o c u s t y p i c u s : Korwinow 136 bore-hole, depth 99.8 m (Cracow- -W ielun Jura, Poland).

D e r i v a t i o n o m i n i s : Greek vvaqxx = nymph, after a characteristic appearance of the test, similar to nymph.

P a r a t y p u s: PI. CIII, Fig. 3, T ext-fig. 4a (5,603/68/F), Middle Kuiavian, Dargoszewko bore-hole, depth 209.5 m (Pomeranian Sw ell).

D i a g n o s i s . Tests calcareous, ortho- and uniserial, m iddle-sized, variable in shape (rhomboidal to oval). Inter-chamber sutures thick, raised, shaped like a blunt chevron. Margins of test having a blunt or a sligh tly sharpened slat or keel. Transverse section lenticulate or oval.

Tests smooth or w ith a small number of fine ,,costae”. In general appearance, tests resem ble larvae of an insect. Two to eight chambers.

D e s c r i p t i o n . Terminal aperture round, radiate, situated on a more or less strongly developed cone. Inter-chamber sutures shaped like chevrons w ith gently diverging arms, thick and raised, widening towards the middle of the test. Test margin has a blunt or, som etim es, som ewhat sharpened slat, frequently in the form of a keel, which at an acute angle contacts thick and projecting sutures. Transverse section lenticulate to oval. Initial chamber variable in size, round, m ostly m arkedly isolated,

— 537 —

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(Pl. CIII, Fig. 7), 5,607/68/F

frequently bordered by a peripheral slat. The last formed chamber either poorly outlined or clearly separated from the preceding chambers, variable in size, frequently strongly indented and devoid of th e peripheral slat. Surface of test sm ooth or, rarely, w ith a few , poorly visible, thin and short ,,costae”. Number of chambers: 2— 8. H olotype (PL CIII, Fig. 2, T ext-fig. 3b) belongs to a group o f specim ens which are marked b y the presence of a poorly individualized, although visible and large initial chamber (0.07 mm in diameter). It has a test w hose margin, together w ith a sm all part of the last formed chamber, are bordered by a peri­

pheral slat. Its surface is covered w ith a fine and scarce, radial orna­

m entation of the type of ,,costae”. The lack of the apertural cone is probably a result of mechanical damage. Paratype (PL CIII, Fig. 3, T ext-fig. 4a) has a sm ooth test, more indented, blunt peripheral margin and a slightly sm aller and conspicuously individualized initial chamber.

V a r i a b i l i t y . The variability is very distinctly expressed by d if­

ferent size and shape o f tests, shape o f individual chambers, thickness of inter-cham ber sutures and presence or absence of the traces of orna­

m entation of the type of „costae”. D espite these differences, all specimens, regardless of the stratigraphic range of their occurrence (Middle to Upper Kuiavian), display several invariable characters as, chevron-shaped, thick sutures, sligh tly undercut chambers, bordering of the peripheral parts of the test w ith a marginal slat, conelike aperture and an initial chamber which on the w hole is individualized. A sm all number of individuals of the microspherical generation w as the reason w hy no detailed comparison of the forms having a differentiated size of initial chamber could be made.

C o m p a r a t i v e r e m a r k s . Frondicularia „spatulata” T e r q u e m 1 differs from F. (I.) n y m p h a sp. n. in a different cross section of the test, concave sides, very dense and fine ribbing (specimens considered by M. O. T e r q u e m , 11870 to be typical: Pl. XXII, Figs. 11 and 12) and a lack of strong, raised inter-cham ber sutures.

Frondicularia spissa T e r q u e m (1870, Pl. XXII, Fig. 10), som e­

tim es related w ith F. spatulata T e r q u e m (H. B a r t e n s t e i n &

E. B r a n d , 1937; R. C i f e l l i , 1959) displays a som ew hat larger sim ilarity to F (I.) n y m p h a sp. n. (shape of test, thickened inter-cham ber sutures). These two species differ from each other in the follow ing characters: the presence of convexities in the middle of the sides of test in Terquem’s species, the lack of any traces of ornamentation, the absence of peripheral slats, the presence of ,,mucro” on the initial chamber and the occurrence, in the initial portion of the test, of three oval chambers, arranged in the form of a triangle (spiral part?). In connection w ith the last-nam ed character, a certain doubt m ay arise concerning either the correctness of the assignm ent of this species to the genus Frondicularia or the accuracy of M. O. Terquem ’s illustration.

F. spissa T e r q u e m sensu Z i e g l e r , 1959, described from the Upper Bathonian of Bavaria, seem s to be more strongly related to F. (I.) ny m ph a sp. n. than to the typical specim en from Fontoy.

Likew ise, some Lower Jurassic species of the genus Frondicularia (Ichtyolaria) m ay be partly compared w ith the specim ens from the Kuiavian of Poland. Thus, for instance, F. (I.) intumescens B o r n e - m a n n, 1854 displays a similar shape of test and the presence of a

1 T h e sp e c ific n am e used by M. O. T e r q u e m (1870) is a y o u n g er h om on ym of th e n am e Fr on di c ul a ri a s p a t u l a t a C o s t a , 1855.

— 5319 —

peripheral slat, but differs in a plano-arcuate outline of chambers and the lack of projecting inter-cham ber sutures. The rapid evolution of the Jurassic species of the genus Frondicularia being a w ell-know n fact, the difference in the stratigraphic position of both these forms is of a considerable importance.

F. intumescens B o r n e m a n n sensu P a a l z o w (1922, Pl. 2, Fig. 12), described from the „marls from Parkinsonia” of Southern Germany, considerably deviates from the Liassic species of Bornemann, displaying at the same tim e a sim ilarity to some, non-typical forms of F. (I.) ny m p h a sp. n.

Finally, F. inermis K i i b l e r et Z w i n g l i sensu H o f m a n , 1967, described from the Bajocian of the Caucasia, is probably also more strongly related to the Middle Jurassic specim ens of F. (I.) n ym p h a sp. n.

than to the Lower Liassic species described by J. K u b 1 e r & H. Z w i n- g l i (1870) from the Sw iss Jura Mts.

O c c u r r e n c e . In Poland, Frondicularia (Ichtyolaria) n y m p h a sp. n.

occurs only in the Middle (frequently) and Upper (less frequently) Kuiavian. In this country it is considered as an im portant index fossil.

It is recorded in the area o f alm ost entire Polish epicontinental Jurassic (see Fig. 1). Presum ably, this species also occurs in the Middle Kuiavian of Southern Germany.

G enus L e n t i c u l i n a L a m a r c k , 1804

(T ype sp ecies: L e n t i c u l i t e s r o t u l a t a L a m a r c k , 1804) S u b g en u s A s t a c o l u s de M o n t f o r t , 1808

(T ype sp ecies: N au t i l u s c r e p i d u l u s F i c h t e l et M o l l , 1798)

Lenticulina (Astacolus) argonauta sp. n.

(Pl. CIV, F igs. 1— 8; T e x t-fig . 5a— d)

1869 C ri s te l la r ia p o l y m o r p h a T e r q u e m ; M. O. T e r q u e m : p. 192— 193 (partim ), tabl. X IX , Fig. 14.

1937 C r i st el la r ia (L e n t i c u l i n a ) q u e n s t e d t i G i i m b e l ; H. B a r t e n s t e i n & E.

B r a n d : p. 177 (partim ), tabl. 13, Fig. 39a, b, c.

M a t e r i a l . E ig h teen sp e c im e n s from th e M id d le and L o w e r B a th o n ia n and M id d le K u ia v ia n of C ra cow -W ielu ń Jura.

H o l o t y p u s : Pl. CIV, Fig. 1, T ext-fig. 5a; Coll. 5,614/68/F, Geological Institute, Warszawa.

S t r a t u m t y p i c u m : Middle Bathonian.

L o c u s t y p i c u s : Dębowiec 3/XIII bore-hole, depth 106.0 m (Cracow- -W ieluń Jura, Poland).

D e r i v a t i o n o m i n i s : Greek aQYOvcunris — Argonaut.

P a r a t y p u s : Pl. CIV, Fig. 2, T ext-fig. 5c (Coll. 5,615/68/F, Geological Institute, Warszawa), Rębielice K rólewskie bore-hole, depth 107—

—110.5 m, Middle Bathonian (Cracow-W ieluń Jura), Pl. CIV, Fig. 8, T ext-fig. 5d (Coll. 5621/68/F, Geological Institute, Warszawa), Dębo­

w iec 3/XIII bore-hole, depth 106.0 m, Middle Bathonian (Cracow- -W ieluń Jura).

D i a g n o s i s . Tests calcareous, planispiral, m iddle-sized, fairly flat, coiled in the form of an open spiral. The first 6— 7 chambers are fairly tightly coiled, further chambers erect and not adhering to the initial chamber. Ornam entation conspicuous; thick, falciform lateral costae bent posteriorly, contacting a sharp, projecting keel, they take the form of

a chevron. A dult specim ens reveal the trace of a single, short, transversal costa. Terminal aperture radiate, opening slightly upwards, situated on a characteristic cone. S ix to eleven chambers in all.

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Fig. 5. L e n t i c u l i n a (A s t a c o l u s ) a r g on au t a sp. n., fro n ta l v ie w , a — h o lo ty p e (PI. CIV, Fig. 1), 5,614/63/F, M id d le B a th o n ia n ; b — (PI. CIV, Fig. 3), 5,616/68/F, L ow er B a - th on ian ; c — p a ra ty p e (PI. CIV, Fig. 2), 5,615/68/F, M id d le B ath on ian ; d — p aratype

(PI. CIV, Fig. 8), 5,621/68/F, M id d le B ath on ian

D e s c r i p t i o n . Tests laterally flattened, the thickness at about 2/5 of their length. Coiling fairly loose, tighter in the initial portion, and becoming looser beginning with the 7th— 8th chamber. Initial chamber differentiated concerning its size(0.07 mm, 0.10— 0.11 mm) com pletely or partly revealed. Ornamentation of the test conspicuous. Radial, falci­

form lateral costae, bent posteriorly, converge near a massive, sharp keel shaped like a chevron. Very rarely, the traces of short, transversal

„costae” are observed in some adult specim ens (cf. PI. CIV, Fig. 1).

Um bilical depression small, irregular in outline. Terminal aperture ra­

diate, projecting, situated on a characteristic cone.

— 541 —

V a r i a b i l i t y . Variability consists in a slightly varying outline of tests, extent of their flattening, dim ensions of the spiral part and more or less strongly overlapping chambers. Specim ens w ith diam eters of initial chambers of the order of 0.10— 0.11 mm( few of them occurring) have a sm aller number of chambers than those corresponding in dim en­

sions but with initial chambers 0.07 mm in diameter.

C o m p a r a t i v e r e m a r k s . Lenticulina (A.) polymorph a (T e r- q u e m) and in particular its subspecies L. (A.) polym orpha arachne subsp. n. are related to Lenticulina (Astacolus) argonauta sp. n. Although there are fairly distinct differences betw een these species such as, the lack in L. (A.) argonauta sp. n. of the peripheral s l a t 1, a sligh tly different trace of lateral costae, etc., the principal types of structure of both forms seem to be very similar to each other. Our specim ens sligh tly differ from L. (A.) volubilis D a i n in the outline of tests, sm aller thickness and lack of fine, transversal „costae”.

L. interrumpa B l a n k , 1961 distinguishes itself by a different type of its ornamentation (convex, strongly undercut chambers) and by a slightly different shape of its test. On the other hand, a considerable sim ilarity in shape and ornam entation is observed betw een our specim ens and L. (Lenticulina) quenstedti (G ii m b e 1), in particular some Middle Jurassic specim ens (cf. — synonym y) related w ith this species. Our specimens differ from typical Upper Jurassic representatives of L. (L.) quenstedti (G ii m b e 1) in the astacolus type of the coiling of tests, their strong flattening, presence of a distinct keel and lack of a looplike perium billical slat characteristic of G ii m b e l ’s species.

O c c u r r e n c e . Rare in the Kuiavian, fairly num erous in the Lower and Middle Bathonian. In Poland, this species is prim arily recorded in the area of the Cracow-W ieluń Jura. Outside of Poland, L. (A.) argonauta sp. n. occurs in the Parkinsonia parkinsoni zone of W estern France and N orth-w estern Germany.

Lenticulina (Astacolus) pol ymorpha arachne subsp. n.

(Pl. CIV, Figs. 11 and 12; P l. CV, Figs. 1— 9; T e x t-fig . 6a— d)

1869 C ri s te l la r ia p o l y m o r p h a T e r q u e m ; M. O. T e r q u e m : p. 192— 193 (partim ), tabl. X X , Fig. 7 ?, 8, 9, tabl. X X I, Fig. 11 ? .

1937 C ri s te l la r ia (A s t a c o l u s ) t ri ca r ine ll a R e u s s ; H. B a r t e n s t e i n & E. B r a n d : p. 173 (partim ), tabl. 13, Fig. 35a, b.

1959 L e n t i c ul i n a (L e n t i c u l i n a ) p o l y m o r p h a ( T e r q . ) ; J. H. Z i e g l e r : p. 102, tabl. 4, Fig. 32, 33, 34, 35.

M a ' t e r i a l . F ifte en sp ecim en s from th e M id d le K u ia v ia n and L o w er B a ­ thonian of the C ra co w -W ielu ń Jura.

H o l o t y p u s : Pl. CV, Fig. 1, T ext-fig. 6a; Coll. 5,626/68/F, Geological Institute, Warszawa.

S t r a t u m t y p i c u m ; Middle Kuiavian (Upper Bajocian sensu an- glico).

L o c u s t y p i c u s : Korwinów 136 bore-hole, depth 35.0 m (Cracow- -W ieluń Jura, Poland).

D e r i v a t i o n o m i n i s : Greek o.Qa%vr\ = web, after a characteristic ornamentation of the test resem bling a spider’s web.

1 T races of a sin g le, tra n sv ersa l costa, ob serv ed in som e ad u lt s p e c im e n s of L. (A.) a r g o n a u t a sp. n., m a y be con sid ered a rem ain d er of this elem en t.

P a r a t y p u s : PI. CV, Figs. 2 and 3, T ext-figs. 6b, 6c (Coll. 5,627, 5,628/68/F, Geological Institute, iWarszawa), K orwinow 136 bore-hole

depth 35.0 m, Middle Kuiavian (Cracow-W ielun Jura, Poland).

T a b le 3 L e n t i c u l l n a /A6t a c o l u a / p o ly o o rp h a a r a c h n e s u b s p .r u * d im e n s io n s Id om:

S pecim en L o o a l l t y ,

d e p th S ta g e L W T

D c 1 • C L/W w/t’

5 ,0 2 6 / 6 6 / ? P I . CV, F1C. 1 ,

h o lo ty p e

K o rn in ó * 1 3 6 , 3 5 .0 to

M id d le

K u ia v ia n 1 .3 5 0 .8 2 0 .2 6 0 .1 6 0 1 . 6 3 .1

5 ,6 2 7 /6 8 /F P I . CV, F l s . 2 ,

p a r a ty p e

Korwinów 1 36, 3 5 .0 m

M id d le

K u ia v ia n 1 .1 7 0.7 5 0 .2 7

ca

0 . 1 2 8 1 . 6 2 . 8

5 ,6 2 8 /6 8 /F F I . CV, F i g . 5,

p a r a ty p e

Korwinów 1 3 6 , 3 5 .0 n

M id d le

K u ia v ia n 0 .9 0 0 .6 2 0 .3 0 .1 3 7 1 .4 2 . 1

5 ,6 3 3 /6 8 /F p i . c v , i g • 0

D ebow le0 3 /X IIX , 1 6 1 .5 D

M iddle

K u ia v ia n 0 .8 5 0 .4 5 0 .2 5 0 . 2 0 5 1 .9 1 . 8

5 ,6 3 0 /6 8 /F P I . CV, F I3. 5

K o rn in ó n 1 36, 3 5 .0 id

K id d le

K u ia v ia n 0 .8 0 0 .5 0 0 .2 7 0 .1 5 7 1 . 6 1. 8

5 ,6 3 / 6 8 / F P I . CV, F i g . 6

Korwinów 1 36, 3 5 .0 0

b lld d le

K u ia v ia n 0 .7 2 0 .5 0 .2 4 0 .1 5 6 1 . 2 2 .1

5 ,6 2 5 /6 8 /F

? 1 . CIV, F i g . 11

D ęb o u lso 3 / X I I I , 1 1 9 .0 m

L oner

B a tb o n la n 0 .4 2 0 .3 0 .1 5 0 .0 7 5 1 .4 2 . 0

5 ,6 3 6 /6 8 /F F I . CVI, F ie - 2 ,

L. / F l a n u l a r i a / s p .

O ls z ty n 2 / X I I I ,

1 6 4 .0 D lo w e r

B a tb o n la n ^{1 . 2 2} 0 .7 2 0 . 2 0 .0 7 10 1 .7 3 .6

5 ,6 3 7 /6 8 /F P I . CVI, F ie - 5 , I . / P l a n u L a r i a / s p .

D f to o la o 3 / X I I I 1 3 1 .0 D

L o n er

B a th o n ia n 1 .0 5 0.6 5 0 .1 7 0 .0 7 9 1.6 3 . 7

Fig. 6. L e n t i c u l i n a (A s t a c o l u s ) p o l y m o r p h a a r ac hn e subs-p. n., fr o n ta l v ie w , M id d le K u ia v ia n . a — h o lo ty p e 0P1. CV, F ig. 1), 5,626/68/F; b — p a r a ty p e (PI. CV, Fig. 2), 5,627/68/F; c — p a ra ty p e (PI. CV, F ig. 3), 5,628/68/F; d — (PI. CV, Fig. 5), 5,630/68/F

D i a g n o s i s . Tests calcareous, m iddle-sized and large, planispiral, flat, coiled in the form of an open spiral. Initial chamber very sligh tly convex, in the developing part alm ost com pletely flat. Ornamentation very distinct, m assive, consisting of arcuate, strong, radiate costae and less frequently of included costae. Another type of costae, w ith a latitudinal

— 5 4 3 —

trace, connected w ith each other to form a sort of an undulated slat, is bordered on both sides of the test by a strong and w ide keel. Four to eight chambers. Terminal aperture radiate, directed obliquely upwards.

D e s c r i p t i o n . Specim ens display a loose type of coiling (in the form of an open spiral), w ith a marked tendency of the tw o last formed chambers to be detached. D eviations in the form of a com plete uncoiling of the whorl (PI. CV, Figs. 7 and 8) are pathological in character. Juvenile specim ens (or initial portions of w horls in adult specimens) display a sm aller degree of flattening of tests and their peripheral slats, bordering the keel, are frequently not yet developed. In some specimens (PI. CV, Fig. 5), these slats constitute a continuation of strongly bent lateral costae (that is, of the type observed, among other species, in Lenticulina (A ) argonauta sp. n), but m ostly they make up a separate elem ent of orna­

mentation. Likewise, as a result of an irregular trace of particular elem ents, marginal slats, bordering the keel, are frequently discontinuous.

Som etim es, two transversal costae appear in the space betw een two radiate costae. Thick, arcuate, radiate costae are frequently irregular in their trace. In such cases, oblique, included costae appear betw een them. Near the initial chamber or even on it, radiate costae are m ostly reduced up to a half of their size or replaced by detached bosses or by short, bent slats (Fig. 6). K eel sharp, wide, projecting, appearing m ostly as early as on the initial chamber. The size of the initial chamber varies w ithin lim its o f 0.07 and 0.20 mm. Um bilical depression sligh tly indi­

vidualized, irregular in outline. H olotype (PL CV, Fig. 1, T ext-fig. 6a) and paratypes (Pl. CV, Figs. 2 and 3, T ext-figs. 6b and 6c) represent a related m orphological type, differing from each other only in the number of chambers, very slightly in the thickness of tests and size of initial chamtoer (cf. — Table 3).

V a r i a b i l i t y . As m entioned above, the variability of a typical population is not very extensive and m ostly am ounts to the differen­

tiation of the thickness of tests and degree of uncoiling of the whorl.

In addition, specim ens are observed which, displaying a relationship to Lenticulina (Astacolus) pol ymorpha arachne subsp. n., at the same tim e reveal characters recorded in other, quite different species

or even subgenera. In our material, particularly distinct were monphological sim ilarities ‘betw een L. (A.) p o l y ­ morpha arachne subsp. n. and indeterm inate Planularia related to it (cf. — PI. CIV, Figs. 9 and 10; PI. CVI, Figs.

1— 3; T ext-fig. 7) or a considerable sim ilarity to the forms belonging to the group of L. (A.) flexuosa (B r ii c k- m a n n) and L. (A.) tricostata ( M i t i a n i na ) ( = L.

(Planularia) tricarinella: auct.).

Fig. 7. Lenticulina, (P l a n u l a r i a ) sp., fr o n ta l v ie w (PI. CVI, Fig. 3), 5,637/68/F

C o m p a r a t i v e r e m a r k s . Erecting in 1869 a new species Cristella- ria polymorpha, M. O. T e r q u e m assigned to it several forms some of which clarly deviating from each other and frequently making up not only quite different subspecies or species but also even different sub­

genera such as, L. (A.) volubilis (D a in , 1958), L. (A.) argonauta sp. n., L. (A.) polym orp ha arachne subsp. n., L. (Planularia) spp., etc. Erecting

n

by K. I. K u z n e t s o v a (1961) of a lectotype Cristellaria pol ymorpha T e r q . (M. O. T e r q u e m , 1869, PI. XIX, Fig. 2a, b) not only enabled an exact definition of the nominal subspecies but also facilitated the interpretation of those specim ens of T e r q u e m which considerably differed from the typical form.

L. (A.) poly morph a arachne subs p. n. differs from the lectotype L.

(A ) polymorpha poly morph a ( T e r q.) 1 in a more m assive structure of tests, generally larger dimensions, coarser ornam entation and a much more strongly developed and more undulated peripheral slat. Both these forms seem, however, fairly similar to each other in a general type of their structure. Our forms display a larger sim ilarity to the specim ens from Fontoy, illustrated by M. O. T e r q u e m (1870) in Pis. X X (Figs. ? 7, 8 and 9) and XXI (Fig. ?11). Likewise, some of the specim ens, described by H. B a r t e n s t e i n and E. B r a n d (1937) as Cristellaria (Astacolus) tricarinella R e u s s (cf. synonym y) seem to correspond to our form. On the other hand, Polish specim ens may be identified w ithout any reservations w ith Lenticulina (Lenticulina) polymorpha ( T e r q.), described by J. H. Z i e g l e r (1959) from Southern Germany.

L. (A.) polymorpha arachne subsp. n. differs from L. (A.) argonauta sp. n. and L. (A.) volubilis (D a i n) prim arily in having the peripheral slats, bordering the keel on both sides of the test. The last-nam ed character related the subspecies under study to L. (A.) tricostata (M i- t i a n i n a, 1955) 2 and L. (A.) flexuosa (B r ii c k m a n n, 1904). L. (A.) tricostata (M i t i a n i n a) has in turn a slightly different outline of tests and sharp lateral costae w ithout oblique included costae betw een them.

Likewise, peripheral marginal slats in our subspecies have not the form of continuous, sharp marginal keels which, in L. (A.) tricostata (M i- t i a n i n a) makes up an important diagnostic character. The differen­

tiation of a similar type (except for the sim ilarity in the developm ent of peripheral slats) also occurs betw een L. (A.) polymorph a arachne subsp. n. and L. (A.) flexuosa (B r ii c k m a n n).

O c c u r r e n c e . L. (A.) polymorpha arachne subsp. n. is recorded in Poland in the Middle Kuiavian and Lower Bathonian ( — Upper Bajocian and Middle Bathonian partim, sensu anglico) sedim ents of the Cracow- -W ielun Jura. Outside of Poland, it probably occurs in the Parkinsonia parkinsoni (Middle Kuiavian) zone of Lorraine, France (M. O. T e r ­ q u e m , 1870), as w ell as of the N orth-w estern (H. B a r t e n s t e i n &

E. B r a n d , il937) and Southern (J. H. Z i e g l e r , 1959) Germany.

Lenticulina (Astacolus) kujaviana sp. n.

(PI. CVI, F igs. 4— 7; PI. CVII, F igs. 2— 7; T e x t-fig . 8a— d)

1961 L e n t i c u l i n a (L e n t i c u l i n a ) b i e x c a v a t a ( M i a t l u k ) ; O. K. K a p t a r e n k o - - C h e r n o u s o v a : ,p. 17— 18, tabl. II, Fig. la , b.

? 1967 L e nt i c u l i n a b ad e ns is ( K u b l e r , Z w i n g l i ) ; H o f m a n: p. 60— 61, tabl. X , Fig. la , b.

1 A d eta iled d ia g n o sis of th is sp e c ie s is g iv e n in th e p resen t v o lu m e b y W.

B i e l e c k a & O. S t y k (1969).

2 M. T. B a s t i e n & J. S i g a l (1962) r ela te w ith each oth er th e sp e c ie s L. (A.) t ri co st at a (M i t i a n i-n a) and L. (A.) f l e x u o s a ( B r i i c k m a n n ) , but th ey a c k n o w ­ led g e th e priority of B r ii c k m a n n ’s nam e.

— '545 —

M a t e r i a l . F ifty sp ecim en s from th e M id d le and U p per K u ia v ia n of the C ra co w -W ielu n Jura, R a w a -G ie ln io w A n tic lin e and P o m eran ian S w e ll.

H o l o t y p u s : PI. CVII, Fig. 4, T ext-fig. 8b, Coll. 5646/68/F, Geological Institute, Warszawa.

S t r a t u m t y p i c u m : Middle Kuiavian (Upper Bajocian sensu an- glico).

L o c u s t y p i c u s : Gr^bowo bore-hole, depth 41.5 m (Pomeranian Sw ell, Poland).

D e r i v a t i o n o m i n i s : kujaviana — after Kujaw (Kuiavian) a sub­

stage of the Middle Jurassic o f Poland.

P a r a t y p u s : PI. CVII, Figs. 3 and 5, T ext-figs. 8a and 8d (Coll. 5,645 and 5,647/68/F, Geological Institute, Warszawa), Grtj'bowo bore-hole, depth 41.5 m, Middle Kuiavian (Pomeranian Swell); Pl. CVI, Fig. 4, T ext-fig. 8c (Coll. 5,639/68/F, Geological Institute, Warszawa), Dar- goszewko bore-hole, depth 196.0 m., Middle Kuiavian (Pomeranian Swell).

Ttbll %

l a n t l c u l i n a / A e t a c o l u e / k u j a v i a n a s p . n , , d i m e n s i o n s I n mm:

Spa olmen L o c a l i t y ,

d e p th

S ta g e L V T DO, C I/W ■ / I

5 ,6 4 5 / 6 8 / F , P I . C V II, F l e . 3 ,

p a ia ty p e

G ręb o iio , 4 1 .5 m

U ld d le

K u ia v ia n 1 .0 2 0 .5 6 0 .3 0 ? 13

/ + 2 ? / 1 .8 1 .9

5 ,6 4 4 /6 8 /F P I . C V II, F ig .

U o lo ty p e

G rębow a, 4 1 .5 m

U ld d le

K u ia v ia n 0 .7 3 0 .4 7 0 .2 2

oa

0 .0 4 12 1 .6 2 .1

5 ,6 3 9 /6 8 /F P I . CVI, F i g . 4 ,

p a r a ty p e

D argoozew ko, 1 9 6 .0 m

U ld d le

K u ia v ia n 0 .7 1 0 .4 7 0 .2 0

oa

0 .0 4 14 1 .5 2 .3

5 ,6 4 0 /6 8 /F P I . CVI, ? 1 C. 5

H ę b l a l l o e K z j l e r a k i a , 164-167 m

U ld d le

K u ia v ia n 0 .6 5 0 .4 7 0*25

ca

. , ° - ° 4 11 1 .4 2 .4

5 ,6 4 7 /6 8 /F P I . C V II, F1E. 5,

p a r e ty p e

G rębono 41 .5 m

M id d le

K u ia v ia n 0 .6 2 0 .4 1 0 .1 9

oa

0 .0 4 11 1 .5 2 .2

5 ,6 4 8 /6 8 /F P I . C V II, F1S . 6

G rębono 41 .5 m

M iddle

K u ia v ia n 0 .4 0 0 .3 4 0 .1 7

oa

0 .0 4 10 1 .2 . 2 .0

D i a g n o s i s . Tests calcareous, m iddle-sized, planispiral, devoid of ornamentation. In juvenile stages whorls are strictly lenticulinately coiled, in later stages — uncoiling. Initial chambers flattened and slightly convex, w ith the growth of test and loosening of the whorl become more sw ollen and separated from each other by distinct inter-cham ber furrows.

Terminal aperture radiate, situated on a not very high cone, in adult specimens directed upwards. Nine to fifteen chambers.

D e s c r i p t i o n . The species under study represented b y specimens in different developm ent stages of the test of the same generation (in all specim ens measured, the diameter of initial chamber amounted to 0.04 mm). The first 9— 10 (sometimes, 12) chambers are tightly coiled, the further two display certain irregularities in their arrangement and, finally, the last three (in adult individuals) are clearly detached from the principal spiral part. With the loosening of the whorl, chambers become more and more sw ollen and inter-cham ber sutures more and more depressed and less and less arcuate. Marginal side of the test, at first with a blunt edge, later becomes flattened; radiate, round aperture

35 R o c z n ik G e o l o g i c z n y t o m X X X I X

is obliquely situated on a slight elevation and, in the individuals w ith deflected chambers, directly facing upwards. Um bilicus narrow, slightly depressed or filled.

A

EE

i nO'

Q D

Fig. 8. L e n t i c u l i n a (A s t a c o l u s ) k u j a v i a n a sp. n., fro n ta l v ie w , M id dle K u iav ian . a — p a ra ty p e (PI. CVII, Fig. 3), 5,645/68/F; b — h o lo ty p e (PI. C V II, Fig. 4), 5,646/68/F;

c — p ara ty p e (PL CVI, Fig. 4), 5,639/68i/F; d — p aratyp e (PI. CVII, Fig. 5), 5,647/68/F

Holotype (PI. CVII, Fig. 4, T ext-fig. 8b) is represented by a middlc- -sized specimen with a m arkedly elongate, oval and sligh tly convex last formed chamber and w ith an aperture clearly facing upwards. Inter- -chamber sutures, initially flat, near the two last formed chamber are depressed. The same morphological type is represented by two paratypes (PI. CVI, Fig. 4, T ext-fig. 8c; PI. CVII, Fig. 5, T ext-fig. 8d). The last paratype (PI. CVII, Fig. 3, T ext-fig. 8a) already represents a stage w ith last formed chambers which detach them selves.

V a r i a b i l i t y . In some specimens, variability is prim arily mani­

fested by a varying degree of the loosening of the whorl and a slightly different shape of particular chambers. Small differences are also observ­

ed in the umbilical portion which is either filled and not distinguishing itself or distinct and depressed.

The specimen, illustrated in PI. CVII, Fig. 1, has been considered as slightly deviating from the species described. More oblique sutures (parti­

cularly so in the rectilinear portion), a sm aller thickness of the test and a rectilinear detachm ent of the final portion of the whorl allow us to consider this specimen as transitional betw een L. (A.) kujaviana sp.n.

and L. (A.) matutina ( d ’ O r b i g n y ) ,

C o m p a r a t i v e r e m a r k s . The specimens described display a sim i­

larity to Lenticulina (Astacolus) matutina ( d ’ O r b i g n y ) 1. This species, commonly cited from the Jurassic, differs, however, from L. (A.) k u ja ­ viana sp.n. in a more rectilinear trace of the last formed, deflecting chambers, greater number of such chambers (at least in the rectilinear portion), sharp-edged outline of the marginal side, more oblique sutures

and sm aller dim ensions of the spiral portion.

Our specim ens differ from L. (Lenticulina) biexcavata (M i a 1 1 u k) from the Lower Volgian (Portlandian) of the U.S.S.R. in the uncoiling of whorls, lack of depressed inter-chamber sutures and convex chambers in the initial portion of the test and in a more upwards facing aperture.

— 547 —

Much larger sim ilarity to L. (Astacolus) kujaviana sp.n. is, on the other hand, displayed -by a specim en from the Upper Bajocian (Middle K uia- vian) of the Ukraine, identified by О. K. Kaptarenko-Chernousova (1961, PI. II, Figs. l a, b) w ith L. (Lenticulina) biexcavata ( M i a t l u k ) . The specimen described b y О. K. K a p t a r e n k o - C h e r n o u s o v a pro­

bably represents a juvenile developm ent stage, characterized by features of structure very similar to those observed in the analogous developm ent stages of tests of our specimens 2.

Our specim ens may be also, but to a not very great extent, compared with Cristellaria hybrida T e r q u e m which in М. О. T e r q u e m ’ s monograph is presented not only as a form including m any species but also belonging to different subgenera or genera (Planularia, Marginuli- nopsis, etc.).

Likewise, the comparison of L. (A.) kujaviana sp.n. w ith a Callovian species L. tatariensis ( M i a t l u k ) (fide I. W. M i t i a n i n a, 1955, E. W. M i a t l u k , 1959) allow us to find on ly remote relationships, m ostly concerning the developm ent stages of tests w ith not detached last formed chambers.

On the other hand, the greatest sim ilarity displayed by our specim ens is that to Lenticulines, described by E. A. H о f m a n (1967) from the Upper Bajocian (Middle or Upper Kuiavian) of the Caucasia and assig­

ned b y him to the species Lenticulina badensis (K ii b 1 e r & Z w i n g 1 i).

It is very likely, however, that these specim ens should be related to the species L. (A.) kujaviana sp.n. rather and not to an Oxfordian form described by J. K i i b l e r and H. Z w i n g 1 i.

Cristellaria condensa A n t o n o v a , 1958 from the Bajocian of the south-w estern areas of the U.S.S.R. (Krasnodar Region) is also related to our species. The separateness of both these species is expressed in reaching by L. (A.) kujaviana sp. n. much larger dimensions, in having more indented inter-cham ber sutures and (comparing specim ens of equal size) a greater number of chambers.

O c c u r r e n c e . Like Frondicularia (Ichtyolaria) nym p h a sp.n., L e n ti ­ culina (Astacolus) kujaviana sp.n. is considered in Poland as an index species of the Middle and Upper Kuiavian. Its geographical range of occurrence in Poland coincides w ith that of the former species. Except for a rather doubtful locality in the Caucasus and a v ery lik ely one in the Middle Kuiavian of the Ukraine, the presence of this species in other European areas has not so far been unequivocally confirmed.

D e p a r t m e n t of S t r a t i g r a p h y , Ge ol ogic al Ins ti t ut e, W a r s z a w a

REFER EN CES

A n t o n o w a Z. A. — А н т о н о в а 3 . A . (1958), Ф ораминиферы ср ед н ей юры бассей на р. Лабы. Тр. В Н И И , вып. X V II. Вопросы геологии, бурения и эк с­

плуатации скважин, с т р . 41—80. М осква.

1 S o m etim es, th is sp e c ie s is assig n ed to 'the gen u s M ar ginuli nops is .

2 Its len g th am ounts to 41 m m and, th erefore, it m a k e s up an e q u iv a le n t of L e nt ic u li n a sta g e of our sp ecim en s (cf. PL CVII, Fig. 6).

35*

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