7. Wnioski i kierunki dalszych badań
7.3. Kierunki dalszych prac
Przedstawione w pracy wyniki badań oraz ich analiza potwierdzają słuszność przyję-tego kierunku rozwoju zasilania sprężonym gazem ziemnym. Takie pojazdy samocho-dowe swoimi właściwościami ekologicznymi przewyższają klasyczne samochody zasi-lane benzyną. Również pod względem właściwości jezdnych i parametrów eksploata-cyjnych pojazdy samochodowe zasilane gazem ziemnym w pełni spełniają stawiane oczekiwania. Uzyskane wyniki badań motywują do dalszych prac mających na celu rozwój przedstawionych rozwiązań technicznych. W związku z tym kierunki dalszych badań i prac rozwojowych powinny dotyczyć:
1. Badania poszczególnych podzespołów systemu napędowego w zakresie trwałości emisyjnej układów zasilania, pod kątem spełnienia emisji zanieczyszczeń.
2. Polepszenia współpracy silnika spalinowego i systemów oczyszczania spalin głównie pod kątem zmniejszenia emisji drogowej tlenków azotu.
3. Możliwości zastosowania systemów oczyszczania spalin dotyczących cząstek sta-łych (szczególnie w zakresie ich liczby).
4. Zwiększenia efektywności ekologicznej systemów zasilania gazem ziemnym montowanych poza wytwórnią.
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Krystain Łabędź
Analysis of the environmental performance of vehicles powered with compressed natural gas (CNG) in real operating conditions
Summary
The main purpose of this dissertation is to analyze the environmental performance of vehicles powered by compressed natural gas under actual operation conditions of such vehicles. Particular emphasis is placed on comparing the environmental performance of CNG and petrol vehicles. The introduction includes a description of the issues related to mixture formation and combustion in spark-ignition engines fueled with natural gas. It also includes the classification of the natural gas supply systems and design solutions characterization of vehicles fueled with natural gas.
This dissertation contains detailed research methodology, described research objects and the measurement conditions in various stages of the emission tests and used equip-ment. In the research different equipment was used – for measuring both gaseous com-pounds, as well as particulate matter - both with relation to measurements mass, number and diametrical distribution of particles. Carried research was divided into several as-pects, which clearly derive environmental benefits of vehicles powered by compressed natural gas, and at the same time pointed out the aspects that are worse in comparison to petrol powered vehicles.
During the realization of the dissertation, road tests in real traffic conditions were conducted in order to determine the relationship between the emission parameters of tested vehicles. The study was performed in several stages, of which the most important are: evaluation of vehicles environmental performance during start-up and warm-up of the engine at different ambient temperatures for different types of start-up: cold and hot, exhaust emission measurements from vehicles under varying traffic conditions on a few selected routes, both during winter and summer testing; comparison of exhaust emission from vehicles representing different emission categories and various vehicles total mile-age, an attempt to assess the environmental performance of vehicles powered by com-pressed natural gas with different catalytic converters, a comparative study of vehicles with factory-fitted CNG and retrofitted CNG fuel system.
In the summary there are conclusions resulting from the analyzes and research. It was mainly refered to the environmental aspects associated with the use of natural gas as a vehicle fuel, but some of the conclusions are universal and can be used also for oth-er vehicles.