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T h e Am erican T a r Products C o., of C hicago, 111., has le t a contract for the construction of a $100,000 p lan t to m anufacture tar products from the tar ou tp u t of the W oodw ard Iron C om ­ pany’s coke ovens.

T he D eL aval Separator C o. m aintain an Experim ental C ream ­ ery a t their Poughkeepsie, N . Y . works. T h e equipm ent in­

cludes m odem m achinery and the necessary apparatus for m aking chemical and bacteriological exam inations of all dairy products.

The N ational W indow G lass M an u facturers’ Association elected the following officers a t the closing session of its annual convention a t A tla n tic C ity , Ju ly 24: President, O. C. T eague, U tica, Ohio; Vice-President, J. H. Brew ster, W eston, W . V a .;

and Secretary, J. K . Johnson, P ittsburgh , Pa.

T he past operating year was one of th e w orst th a t the flin t glass workers of this country have experienced in more th an a decade. T h e factories, as a general rule, operated on ly from 50 to 75 per cent of their capacity.

Prof. John C . Olsen, form erly professor of an a lytical chem ­ istry a t the Polytechnic Institute, B rooklyn, has accepted a position a t Cooper Union, N ew Y o rk , as professor of chem istry and head of the departm ent of chem istry.

T h e W h itall-T atum Co., of M illville, N . J., have under erec­

tion a machine shop, in the construction of w hich some $30,000 will be expended. T his shop is to take care of an increased de­

mand for machines and presses.

M r. R oger L . M orrison, highw ay engineer w ith the U nited G as Im provem ent C o. of Philadelphia, has been appointed pro­

fessor of h ighw ay engineering in th e A gricu ltu ral and M echanical College of Texas. M r. M orrison received th e degree of M aster of A rts from C olum bia U n iversity in June, having com pleted the graduate course in h ighw ay engineering.

Nokom is Lodge, th e elaborate sum m er home of W . H . N ichols of the General Chem ical C om p an y of N ew Y o rk , and th e o u t­

lyin g buildings were destroyed on the afternoon of Ju ly 20th.

T h e house, one of the largest on the St. Law rence R iver, was situated on W olf Island, in the C anadian Channel. T h e fire started in the kitchen. T h e steam y ach t N okom is w as cu t ad rift and floated down th e stream unharmed. O n ly a few sm all articles w ere saved from th e fire.

PERSONAL NOTE5

7 8 4

T H E J O U R N A L O F I N D U S T R I A L A N D E N G I N E E R I N G C H E M I S T R Y V o l. 6, No. 9

g o v e r n m e n t p u b l i c a t i o n s

By R . S. M c B r id s , B u reau NOTICE— P u blication s for which price is indicated can be purchased from the Superintendent of D ocum ents, G overnm en t P rintin g Office, W ashington, D . C . O ther publications can u sually be supplied from the B ureau or D ep artm ent from w h ich th ey originate. Consular R ep orts are received b y all large libraries and m ay be consulted there, or single num bers can be secured b y application to the B ureau of Foreign and D om estic Com m erce, D ep artm en t of Com m erce, W ashington. T h e regu­

lar subscription rate for these C onsular R ep orts m ailed d a ily is

$2.50 per year, p a ya b le in advance, to the Superintendent of D ocum ents.

B U R E A U O P ST A N D A R D S

Com bustion M eth o d for the D irect D eterm ination of R ubber.

L . G. W e s s o n . T echnologic Pap er 35. 11 p p . T h is article w as published p ractically in full in T h i s J o u r n a l , 6 ( 1 9 1 4 ) , 459-62.

Iodine N um ber of Linseed and Petroleum O ils. W . H.

S m i t h and J. B . T u r n s . Technologic Pap er 3 7 . 1 7 p p . An experim ental investigation of the H anus method for determ ina­

tion of iodine num ber of oils shows th at this procedure should be more e xa ctly defined in order to give reproducible results, p articu larly w ith burnt oils. T h e effect of w eight of sample!

tem perature, tim e of absorption and am ount of H anus solu- . tion were investigated.

O bservations on F urnishing Tem perature and Properties of R a ils. G . K . B u r g e s s , J. J. C r o w e , H . S. R a w d o n and R . G.

W a i / t e n b e r g : Technologic Pap er 3 8 . 63 pp. T h is is the first report of a series w hich will be prepared in connection w ith the m etallurgical and m etallographic investigations b y the B ureau of Standards in connection w ith rail specifications, th e im portance of rolling rails a t proper tem perature is well know n, bu t the specifications lim iting the shrinkage to 6.75 in.

in 3 3 ft. h ave been found to be of no im portance com m ercially since this clause does not serve its avow ed purpose of lim iting the finishing tem perature to a valu e slightly above the critical range. In this paper d ata are given which h ave been collected from investigations in four representative mills and some ex­

perim ental w ork in the Bureau laboratories. I t is concluded th a t a com parison of chem ical analyses, m icrophotographie exam ination and physical properties of finished rails, the rolling o f w hich w as observed, does n ot afford sufficient evidence of co-relation to w arran t associating a n y of th e properties either with the tem perature of rolling or w ith each other. D a ta are given for th e therm al expansion of various steels and the com ­ m ercial significance of the shrinkage specifications is pointed out.

g e o l o g i c a l s u r v e y

1 he follow ing d ata, taken from advanced chapters of mineral resources for 1913, are of particular interest a t this tim e as show ­ ing relative A m erican production of m etals and mineral prod­

ucts and indicating the possible influence of the interruptions of foreign comm erce a t this time.

R ecovery of Secon dary M etals. J. B . D u n l o p . Separate N o. 5 from V ol. 1. 8 pp. S econdary m etals are -defined as

“ those recovered from scrap m etal, sweepings, skimmings, drosses, etc., and arc so called to distinguish them from thé m etals derived from ore, which are term ed ‘prim ary m etals.' T his distinction does not im p ly th a t secondary' m etals are of inferior q u a lity .” T h e im portance of the industries for re­

claim ed m etal is brought ou t b y the following table, which shows the q u an tity and valu e of secondary m etals produced in 1913:

of S ta n d a rd s, W ashington

R e c o v e r y o f S e c o n d a r y M e t a l s i n t h e U . S . i n 1913 Value Dollars

< s K £ ) S econdary copper, in cluding t h a t in alloys

o th e r th a n b ra s s ... non R em elted b ra s s ... .. . ... Q o '^ is S econdary le a d ... 111. 33 ’ 104 ) R ecovered lead in a llo y s ... -iq’ 7-10 1 Secondary s p e lte r... 111! 50 005 ! R ecovered zinc in alloys o th e r th a n b ra ss’. 1 3 ' 7 4 3 f S econdary t i n ... g ' l j r R ecovered tin in a llo y s ... 7 * 763 J

Secondary a n tim o n y ... 1 1 1 ! ! !'* * 45 j R ecovered an tim o n y in a llo y s .. .1 1 1 ! ! ! ! ! 2 660 ! Secondary a lu m in u m ... ... ' 2*198 ) R ecovered alu m in u m in a llo y s . . . 1. . 2^456 j

T o ta l.

20,536,068 24,651,969 6,409,392 6,019,776 12,567,379 460,932 2,199,480 72,844,996 T h e Production of G raphite in 1913. E d s o n S. B a s tin . Separate N o. 14 of V ol. 2. 72 pp. “ In th e present report there is republished in full or in a b stract all of the information on graphite th a t has appeared in previous su rvey reports. This inform ation has been am plified in some parts and brought up to d ate w henever possible. I t w ill be unnecessary, therefore, for readers to refer to an y earlier su rv ey report dealing with this m ineral."

T h e article covers th e follow ing subjects: Physical and chem ical characteristics, origin, uses, production, and imports;

and full sum m aries are given, b y geographical sources, of the various graphite-producing districts both of this and foreign countries. T h e bibliography includes the more important articles of m ineralogical and economic interest.

It is pointed ou t th a t the production of graphite in the United S tates is v ery irregular and a t the present tim e on ly one concern is said to be firm ly established " in the treatm en t of such graphite rocks. T h e production in the U nited S tates in 1913 was 4,775 short tons of n atural graphite valu ed a t $293,000 and 6,817 short tons of m anufactured graphite valued a t $973,000. There were im ported 288,791 short tons valu ed a t $2,109,000. The three causes for th e u nsatisfactory condition of the domestic in dustry are given as follow s: " ( 1 ) T h e superiority of much of the C eylon graphite to a n y graph ite th a t is mined in this coun­

tr y ; (2) the low cost of labor in C eylon, w hich permits cheap mining, careful sorting, ru bbing up, and blending of the prod­

u ct; and (3) the facts th a t the largest dom estic deposits are schists w hich carry sm all flakes o f graphite dissem inating through­

ou t them and the separation of graphite from the accompany­

ing m inerals, especially m ica, in such rocks is a problem of un­

usual difficulty,”

T h e Production of A brasive M aterials. F r a n k J. K a tz . Separate N o. 15 from V o l. 2. 22 pp. T his report gives detailed inform ation as to the production in this cou n try and abroad of the various abrasives. D etails are given for the following:

M illstones, grindstones, oilstones, corundum and emery, abra­

sive garnet, tripoli and diatom aceous earth, pum ice, and arti­

ficial abrasives. T h e im portance of these industries is shown b y the follow ing tabulation of abrasives consum ed in the United S tates in 1913, exclusive of the various form s of silica and feld­

spar:

N a tu ra l a b ra siv e s ...$1,648,5 78

A rtificial * 2,017,458

Im p o rts ... 916,913 T o t a l ... 4,582,949

T h e Production of Phosphate R o ck in 1913. W . C . PhalEN.

Separate N o. 16 of V o l. 2. 20 pp. T h e m arketed production of phosphate rock in the U nited S tates in 19x3 was 3,111,221 long tons, valued a t n early $12,000,000. T h is was an increase of 5 per cen t in q u an tity and 1 per cen t in valu e over the pre­

vious year. Five-sixths of all the m aterial cam e from Florida.

T h e range in prices per ton was $3.20 to $6.10, averaging

$3-79-Other data included in this report w hich are of particular O il Shale of N orthw estern Colorado and N ortheastern U tah, interest to the fertilizer in dustry are the follow ing: E . J . Wo o d r u f f and Da v id T . Da y B ulletin 58i A . =0 pp.

A separate from Part 2 of the 1913 "Contributions to Economic

Fe r t i l i z e r s Im p o r t e da n d En t e r e df o r Co n s u m p t i o ni nt h e U . S. i n 1 9 1 3 Qeology/'

Product Long* tons Dollars Oil and G as in the W estern P a rt of the Olym pia P en in su la of

Apatite 2,962 22,471 W ashington. Ch a r l e s F . Lu p t o n. B ulletin 581B . 60 pp.

35,012 85 1.1 3 6 A separate from P a rt 2 of the 1913 "C on trib ution s to Econom ic Calcium cyanam id or lim e n itro g e n ... 26,729 1,410,248 Geology.”

46s’;336 2,201:730 c o a i F ields in Idaho, W ashington and Oregon. e . g . w o o d

-“ S S6 SaltS' including. “ ■ manu" 223,687 2,245,509 r u f f and C . E . Lh s h e r. B ulletin 5411- 4 2PP- A n advance Phosphates, c ru d e... 17,121 chapter from P a rt 2 of the 1912 “ Contributions to Econom ic Slag, basic, ground o r u n g ro u n d ... 13,186 i ^ t »

All other s ubstances used only for m an u re 154,729 3 , J 1 4 ,4 o u Geology.

Total ... 955,436 10.819,253 C elestite D eposits in California and Oregon. W . C . Pi i a l e n. Bulletin 540T. 12 pp. A n advance chapter from P a rt 2 of Materia!, Entering LARGELY xntothe Fertilizer Industrv ^ “ Contributions to Econom ic G eo logy.”

inthi. u. s. QUantity value Electrical Activity in O re D eposits. Ro g er C . We l l s.

im ports: L ong tons Dollars Bulletin 5 4 8 . 78 pp. T h is article reports on laboratory

ex-Potassium chior'ide 212,t w 'V.m V.JiS perimental w ork done w ith th e object of investigating the

elec-Potassium s u lfa te... 39,597 1,677,429 and electrolytic phenom enon which are of interest as hav-s . ! » : “ } n 'J m 'W ing a bearing upon ore deposits. T h e general theoretical con-4 93I 285 52,999,469 siderations are also fu lly discussed. In the preface it is em ­ phasized “ th at the results thus far obtained afTord no adequate The Production of M an gan ese and M anganiferous O res in basis for an y m ethod of electrical prospecting nor an y promise 1913. D . F . He wETT. Separate N o. 4 Vo! 1. 20 pp. 0[ the developm ent of such a m ethod for m aking know n the This report gives the various sources^of manganese and the pro- presence of ore deposits w ith readily or definitely m easurable duetion sum'maries b y districts, b y mineral sources, and b y electrical a c tiv ity .”

years, and includes a discussion of the various manganese ores, T he 0 re D eposits of N ortheastern W ashington. How lan d the uses of m anganese, and the im portance of the various Ba n c r o ft. Including a Section of T h e R epublic M ining D is­

branches of the industry. In 1913 im ports of manganese ores tr¡ct b y Wal d e m a r Lin d c r e n and Ho w la n d Ba n c r o f t. amounted to 345, o o o lo n g to n s , h aving a value in excess of $2,000,- Bulletin 550. 215 pp. “ Describes the geology of an area of 000. T he Am erican production form ed only a v ery sm all frac- about 6(000 square miles in Stevens and F erry Counties,

north-tion of the to ta l w orld producnorth-tion, the three principal sources eastem W ashington, giving detailed inform anorth-tion as to its min-being B razil, R u ssia and India. T h e uses of manganese in its ing districts and ore deposits— chiefly lead, zinc, and copper, various alloys and com binations are summ arized under the sta te s th at the general conditions for m ining are particularly following headings: (1) alloys; (2) oxidizers; (3) coloring ma- fav0rable and discusses briefly the methods and costs of mining, terials; (4) flux in sm eltin g silver and lead ores; (5) gems or treatment of the ores, and means of transportation. T he lllus-omamental stones, in th e form of the minerals rhodonite and trations include plans and sketch m aps of some of the mines spessartite- (6) fertilizer; (7) various lesser chemical, manufac- alld halftone plates show ing geologic conditions.”

turing, and m edical uses. R econnaissance of Oil and G as F ields in W ayn e and M

c-Potash Salts. W . C . Ph a l e n. Separate N o. 7 of Vol. 2. Creary Counties, K y . M . J. Mu n n. ^ B ulletin 579. 105 PP-24 pp. A m ong the more im portan t d ata given b y this report "G iv e s a brief description of the stratigraph y and structure o are those referred to above under the heading of Phosphate the rocks in W ayn e and M cC rea ry Counties, K y ., w ith special ' Rock— the im portance of the im ported potash salts is evident reference to their oil and gas content. T h e oil and gas fields

from these tabulations. are treated in detail, and numerous records of wells are given.

The Production of T alc and Soapstone in 1913. J. S. Di l lER. A s to the future of the area, there is every reason to suppose Separate N o. 11, V ol. 2. 12 pp. D a ta of this report show t hat m any other profitable oil pools will b e found even tually that the U n ited S tates is the largest producer of talc and soap- in districts in and adjacent to W ayn e C ou n ty, and the struc-stone and th e Am erican m arket will probably n ot be at all af- turai conditions seem to favor the practical application of geo ogy fected b y a n y interruption of im port facilities. I t is to be noted in finding these pools. T h e illustrations include sketch m aps that the production of C alifornia fell off m arkedly during 1913 showing the location of oil and gas pools, sections of deep wells, but all other im p ortan t producing states had m aterial increases. and v ¡ews b f specimens from the B eaver C reek oil sand.

The average per cen t increase w as 11.78 (for 1913 as compared BUREAU o f MINES

with 1912). Selection of Explosives U sed in Engineering and M ining O

per-The Production of Silica. Fr a n k J. Ka t z. Separate No. at¡ons< Cl a r e n c e Ha l l and Sp e n c e r P . Ho w e l l. Bulletin 13, Vol. 2. 6 pp. T h e follow ing tabulation gives a sum m ary ^ 2rKj g d itio n . 50 pp. Paper. 10 cents.

of the d a ta included in this report: B rass-Furnace P ractice in the U nited States. H. W . Gil -Marketed Production op S ilica fo r P o ttery, Paints, F ille rs , Pol- LgTT B ulletin 73- 300 pp. Paper, 45 cts. " T h e object of ishers, Abrasives, and O ther Uses in 1913, in Short Tons investigation reported in this bulletin was to ascertain the Q u a n tity D ollars m elting and fuel losses in present brass-m elting practice and to Quartz (vein q u a rtz .(a) p e g m a tite a n d q u a rtz - indicate, as far as possible, m ethods b y which these losses m ight s J P - V - V S ... 106"857 466!523 be reduced.” T h e m agnitude of the losses is estim ated to be TripoH?..“ “ ^ 0“ : : : : : : 2 1 6 . 5 1 7 abou t & y e a r in m elS f atone. If the average «netal D.atomaeeous earth.. . . . . I . . loss COuld be reduced to be th at found under best operating

con-T o tal 232,192 953,832 ditions there would be a saving of $ 1 ,500,0 00 and if fuel efficiency

(a) in clu d es on ly finely g ro u n d m aterial. and crucible life could be brought from present average to th e

A G ypsn n, * * * „ I= t e c h » «

‘'Contributions to Z ¡ 2 ¿ O r i » . - ” * " * * “

Sept., 1 9 1 4 T H E J O U R N A L O F I N D U S T R I A L A N D E N G I N E E R I N G C H E M I S T R Y 7$5

technical control. R eports, how ever, indicate m etal loss v a ry ­ ing from o . i to 22 per cent and fuel efficiency from 1 .5 to 16 per cent. In order to investigate th e rem edies for these condi­

tions the relative ad van tages of different types of furnaces Were stud ied as were the various operating practices affecting com ­

pleteness of com bustion, volatilization losses, and factors w hich produced irregularities in q u a lity of metals. T h e causes of ' disease and danger and the essential precautions for the health and sa fety of workm en were also investigated and recom m enda­

tions are given covering these subjects.

Factors Governing the Combustion of Coal in Boiler Fur­

naces. J. K . C l e m e n t , J. C. W . F r a z e r and C . E . A u g u s ­ t i n e . T echnologic P ap er 63. 45 p p . T h e ob ject of the in ves­

tigation reported in this paper w as to determ ine the conditions requisite for an econom ic utilization of various typ es of coal.

J1 he more im portant factors influencing com bustion w hich were investigated are: T h e volum e and shape of the com bus­

tion cham ber, the kin d of fuel used, especially the am ount and ch aracter of the volatile m atter and rate of firing; the rate of heating the fuel; the air su p p ly; th e rate a t which air is m ixed w ith the com bustible gases in the furnace; and the tem perature of th e com bustion cham ber. T h é prelim inary report embodies the results of a series of 23 tests w ith Pocahontas coal. T he furnace and its operation are described in detail, and the methods and apparatus used for gas analysis and m aking tem perature m easurem ents are given.

Methods of O il R ecovery in California. R a l p h A r n o l d and 'V . R . G a r f i a s . T echnical Paper 70. 57 pp. “ In this paper are discussed the general methods em ployed in C alifornia for recovering th e oil w hen, ow ing to insufficient gas pressure or other causes, it does n ot rise to the surface b y natural flow.

T h e report com prises a stu d y of different pum ping devices and m eans of generating pow er to operate them , and sum m arizes th eir rela tive cost and field of usefulness.”

Specific Gravity Separation Applied to the Analysis of Mining Explosives. C . G . S t o r m and A . !, H y d e . T echn ical Paper 78. 13 pp. T h e article des -ribed various flotation m ethods for separating th e constituents of explosives b y differences in their specific g r a v ity as a prelim inary to the chem ical analysis.

D E P A R T M E N T O F A G R IC U L T U R E

Progress Reports of Experim ;nts in Dust Prevention and Road Preservation, 1913. B ulletin 0 5 . 46 pp. 5 cents. T h is con­

tribution from the office of P u blic R oads gives the details of construction of several sample roads w hich h ave been con ­ structed under the supervision of the Office of P u blic R oads.

T h e various difficulties encountered and the results noted after th e roads had been su b ject to traffic conditions for some tim e are reported in detail. Progress and supplem entary reports are in­

cluded for a num ber of roads for which specifications have pre­

viou sly been given.

H Y G IE N IC L A B O R A T O R Y

Gaseous Impurities in the A ir of R ailw ay Tunnels. A t h e r ­ t o n S e i d e l l and P h i l i p W . M e s e r v e . B ulletin N o. 9 2 . 4 7 pp. T he investigation here reported w as carried ou t in order to determ ine the am ount of sulfur dioxide and carbon m onoxide in the air of ra ilw a y tunnels, and to point o u t w hat, if any, physio­

logical difficulties m ight be expected from breathing such air.

M ethods for the determ ination of these im purities arc discussed.

A n alyses of samples taken from the tunnels are given and the physiological effects of such im purities are discussed. I t is probable th at the concentration of these gases w hich w as found w as not sufficient to produce a serious effect upon man.

P U B L IC H E A L T H S U R V E Y

Soluble Aluminum Compounds; Their Occurrence in Certain Vegetable Products. C . N . M y e r s and C a r l V o e g t l i n . Public Health Reports, 29, 1625-9 (No. 25, June 19, 1914). D uring an investigation into the causes of pellegra the relation of diet

786 t h e j o u r n a l o f i n d u s t r i a l

to this disease was in vestigated and the possible relation of the considerable am ounts of alum inum w hich is present in certain foods in large quantities in a w ater-soluble form was suggested as perhaps one of the causes of this disease. D ata are given show ing the q u a n tity of alum inum present in various cereals and other vegetable foods from w hich it is concluded that "the d aily consum ption of alum inum on a m ain ly vegetable diet may assum e large proportions.”

What is a Safe Drinking Water? A l l e n J. M c L o u g h u n . P ublic Health Reports, 29, 1686-94 (No. 26, June 26, 1914).

D a ta are given from 15 represen tative cities show ing the efficiency

D a ta are given from 15 represen tative cities show ing the efficiency

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