T he physical and chemical characteristics o f Hexylene Glycol are such th a t it has possible application in a variety of industries. W e suggest th a t you consider its use as:
H IG H - B O IL IN G S O L V E N T :
Textile Dyes (prom otes dye penetration)
Photographic, Film (reduces curling,increases flexibility) Printing Inks (acts as
penetrating agent)
C O U P L IN G A G E N T :
H ydraulic Brake Fluids (good solubility for castor oil— forms clear solutions) D ry Cleaning Compounds
(blends oils; adds solvent power)
Polishes (blending agent) Cutting O ils (homogenizer)
H U M E C T A N T :
Leather O ils and D ressings (leather softening agent)
Casein glues (plasticizer)
HEXYLENE GLYCOL[(CH3) 2COH.- CHaCH O H .CH a] is an excellent high boiling solvent (199°C ).
Com pletely miscible w ith water, alcohols and ketones generally, arom atic and petroleum hydrocar
bons and such m aterials as carbon tetrachloride, it is highly valuable as a coupling agent fo r otherw ise immiscible liquids.
M ild hum ectant property in creases its value w here m aintenance of a m oist condition is desirable . . . penetrating and lubricating properties are excellent.
P R O P E R T I E S
Specific G ravity at 2 0 /4 “ C 0.922 Boiling Range a t 760 mm... 195-199° C.
Flash Point,
Tag open cup ...205-210“ F.
V apor Pressure at 20° C...0.02 mm. Hg.
90“ C...7.68 mm. H g.
Refractive Index, N 2£._____ .1.4274 Latent Heat
of Vaporization.... 12,900 cal. gram mole at boiling point
Solubility
a t 20“ C . Completely miscible in w ater, acetone, toluene, carbon tetrachloride and octanes
Pounds per U.S. G al. at 20“ C,... 7.68 M olecular W eight... - ... 118.17
For fu rth er inform ation and uses o f H exylene Glycol, w rite fo r Technical B ulletin
#SC.-46-13.
SHELL CHEMICAL CORPORATION
100 Bush Street. San Francisco 6
Los Angeles • Houston St. Louis
500 Fifth Avenue, New York 18 Chicago ■ Cleveland
CHEMICAL & M ETA LLU RG ICA L E N G IN EER IN G • M A Y 1 9 4 6 • 2 1 3
N E W S F R O M A B R O A D
and other wartime expedients will continue to some extent for a considerable tim e to come. True, the chemical industry is in many ways b etter placed than others. There is no shortage of raw materials, though coal stocks were dangerously low and im ported fertilizer materials arc insufficient.T h e labor force is equal to the highest w artime figure and m uch higher than before the war. Transport, containers, key per
sonnel and other keenly-felt bottlenecks have been overcome, and plant reconversion problems of other industries have been largely avoided thanks to the high level of production and attention, to maintenance during the war.
O n the other hand, there is no plant or labor reserve to draw on in an emergency, and factory extensions and re-equipment, take a long time to effect. Raw material prices tend to rise, and the cost of new m a
chinery may be anything up to twice the prewar cost. W artim e taxation made ac
cumulation of proper financial reserves dif
ficult, and wages would be higher b u t for
the governm ent’s food subsidies. Never
theless the postwar economics of the British warning and ploughed their excess profits back into their works.
T h e accounts of Imperial Chemical In
dustries, L td., largest by far among British chemical manufacturers, may be regarded as typical. T he profit balance rose to
£8,554,867 from £8,035,006. T h e central obsolescence and depreciation reserve re
ceives a special additional appropriation of
£1,500,000 (£1,000,000 in 1944.) and factors: the governm ent’s discouragement of extra profit distributions, the expectation of large financial needs for extensions and refrigerants, etc. Suitable for pres
sures up to 1,000 pounds and tem and bronze internal parts—soft seats available. flow controls for industrial applica
tions write for new 1946 Catalog
T h e G eneral A m erican Louisville C ounter-C urrent D irect H ea t D ry e r (fo r o p e ra tio n at e ith e r h ig h o r low tem p eratu res) offers chem ical process p la n ts a continuous, efficient, low cost m eans o f d ry in g m any m aterials, such as:
Barytes
Ferrous S ulphate Resins
Salt Bone Black
A m m onium Sulphate
Sodium Sulphate Di-Sodium Phosphate M agnesium Sulphate Bauxite
T h e L ouisville C o u n ter-C u rren t R otary D ry er is a ro ta tin g cylinder w ith liftin g flights designed to show er th e m aterial efficiently across the w h o le cross section o f th e d ry er cylinder. W h en suitable fo r the m aterial to be d ried, it has th e advantages of low first cost and of a tta in in g m in im u m residual, m oisture in th e d ried product.
G en eral A m erican builds o th e r Louisville R otary D ryers in clu d in g : Steam T u b e , In d ire c t Steam , T y p e "L ” (sem i-indirect h e a t) , P arallel- C u rre n t an d In d ire c t D ire c t H eat.
W rite fo r b u lle tin N o . 54 o r ask one o f our d ry in g engineers to analyze y o u r p roblem .
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BINS f
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G en eral A. l e n e
T R A N S P O R T A T
p r o c e s s e q u i p m e n t • _ _ _ _ _ _ SALES OFFICE:
513 Graybar Bldg., New York 17, N. Y.
WORKS: Sharon, Pa.; East Chicago, Ind.
m e n c a n
I O N C O R P O R A T I O N
s t e e l a n d a l l o y p l a t e f a b r i c a t i o nOFFICES: Chicago, Louisville, Cleveland, Sharon, Orlando, St. Louis, Salt Lake City, Pittsburgh, San Francisco, Washington, 0. C.
CHEMICAL & M ETA LLU R G ICA L EN G IN EER IN G • M A Y 1 9 4 6 • 2 15
W ATER D IS C H A R G E TO T A N K S EUVATION OEiOf CORIROl VAIVES APPROXIMATELY 105 0 ‘
g- r WATER SUPPLY 3 CONtflOl VAIVE
2 COMRCl VAIVE
replacements, and the quickening pace of technical progress w ith the consequent need of earlier w riting down of plant book values.
Increased provision for obsolescence and depreciation is to some extent if not fully offset by full or near-capacity utilization of plant and low "interest rates, b u t so far, it seems, British chemical manufacturers pre
fer to treat the saving on this count as an
culating and accurate assessment and allo
cation of all cost elem ents, nor would it perfection of technical processes and in
creased em ploym ent of female labor. Never
theless present wages present an incentive for mechanization.
T he higher cost of plant and equipm ent, it was stated, is to some cxteijt offset by lower interest charges, while those firms w hich took over government-owned war factories for private post-war operations probably acquired their plants at less than quotations for British consumers whenever this becomes necessary in the light of the weeks— bitum en, earth colors, medicinal herbs provide examples— but where mate-R-S B utterfly V alves sim plify th e p e rfo rm a n c e o f th e system b ecause