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Summary

Archives of changes in the natural environments are gathered in various kinds of sediments, depending on the time in the history of the Earth. The Quaternary environmental variations are UHFRUGHGIURPWKHRFHDQFRUHVDQGWKH*UHHQODQGRU$QWDUFWLFLFHFRUHV+LJKWHPSRUDOUHVROX-tion for shorter periods may be derived from annually laminated lacustrine sediments. A versatile archive for palaeogeographical reconstruction of the time of the Pleistocene–Holocene transition LQWKHÀXYLDOV\VWHPKDVEHHQIRXQGDW.RĨPLQ/DVVLWHLQWKH8QLHMyZ%DVLQRIWKHPLGGOH:DUWD river valley. Well-preserved remains of pine subfossil forest as trunks and in situ stumps and ac-companying organic deposits, of the late Alleröd and Younger Dryas age, have been subjected to multiproxy palaeoecological analysis and geological investigations. The sediments stored signals RIDIHZVKRUWWHUUHVWULDOHYHQWVLQWHUUXSWHGE\SHULRGLFÀRRGV,WKDVEHHQFRQFOXGHGWKDWWKHIRUHVW was destroyed by deteriorating hydrological conditions or a sudden catastrophic event, like a strong wind, in response to a global climatic change of the Pleistocene–Holocene transition. The Late :HLFKVHOLDQQDWXUDOHYHQWVUHFRUGHGDWWKHVLWHSRLQWWRDSRVVLEOHUHDFWLRQRIWKHÀXYLDOV\VWHPLQ a changing climate and environment. The knowledge about the past is essential to the creation of current ecosystem management strategies.