Draagvleugelboten op zee

(1)

W.

/I oi,e0

Of.

W.

11111F

ARCHIEF.

Lab. v.

Scheepsbouwkuntle

Technische Hogeschool

Delft

(2)

ii

B. C. MYPYFOB, 0. B. SIPEMEHKO

-MOPCKHE -CYJA

HA, FIOLIBOLI,HbIX KPb1.1,bflX

14311ATE;TIbCTBO

<xMOPCK011 TPAHCIIOPTI.

MOCKBA 1962

(3)

1/4 B ware EpaTEo HartaraeTca HCTOpRA pa3BHTHR Cy4OB

"k" \

Na noattoubtx KPNAbRX H COeTORHHe RX CTp0HTeAbCTBa B HacToHatee Hpema B paarninxi.tx cTpaHax. ,IlatoTcE ocHosHbie.

cHeaeHiast o pa6oTe a pacceTe no,rtHort,Horo Eraarta.

lipnBe-AeHa KRaCCHCP0KaaHR nolocIEHux Epurtbeft mopcHnx cyaort

...':

Ha HOABOAHMX KpWREIRX. PaCelNaTpHBeeTeR yffpoficiao H

pa6oTa HaH6o,nee xapaETepHbtx mopcmax cy,ttos Ha

nortHort-",'

HUX KpMAbRX, a Tal0Ke RX mopexoaHme H

aEcnnyaTanHoH-Hue EanecTrta.

-Ktinra npeEHaattaneHa Arm rmasatoulero cocraaa, pia. 14HXCR mopexoxnax yttrium H BUCIFIRX Ir4e6HUX

aaae-EeHHE AinHHcTeracTsa mopcEoro cprtoTa. ()Ha TaIQKe 6yReT

no:Teat-1a HHIRellepHO-TeXIIHReCKHM pa6oTHI4Eam,

BaHHMa10-ILIHMCS1 axcrLayaTaufteii H pemoHTom HpuriaThax cyAoH.

2 ABToPhi BHKTOP CEMEHOBHcl MYPYTOB,

OJIET BACHJIbEBHEI RPEMEHKO p

Peaawrop H. M. 17aneee

TexHktnecEHil pe,aarrop E. A. Tuxonoed

06.aoatEa xyawEEHEa P. H. Eopaaurtat KoppeKTop P.11. CaamiuKosa

T-06352. Cxtafto a npomasoacTHo 29/1 1962 r. TIoErnacaHo negaTH 19/VI 1962 r.

Bymara 60X901/16. 4,51 6ym. a., 9,13 nem. a., c 1 EKE., 8,4 pa.-Hart.

Tkipa)K 3600 31(3. 143A. N2 11T-2524. LIena 42 Kon. 3aKaa Na 156,

7-51 Tnnorpaclmn x3naTeabczKa «Mopcxoil TpaKcnopT».

-,Tlernnwpan, ya. K. 3aczonona, 30..

(4)

BBE,LI,EHHE

LI,./111Te.11bHble HOHCKH nyei nonbuneHHH CKOpOCTH xoa eyaos npHse.rm K OTKpbITHIO HOBOTO npHHulina ABH>KeHHH Ha Hoike.

143BeCTHO, TO COTTOTHBJleHHe cy,aHa Bo3pacTaeT npamepHo

npH-mo nponopaHoHaabHo JoaapaTy ero CKOpOCTH. TaKaH 3aBlICHMOCTb HaHaa,abmaeT cyulecTHeHHble orpaHMieliFIR Ha cTpemaeHHe yBe..1111t1HTb 6bleTp0XOZH0CTb cyaHa, TaH KaK npH onpeaeoeHHoci cHopocTH xoaa conpoTHHaeHHe aBIDKeHHIO no3pacTaeT ,):to iaxo Beall,. HTO

6H'FbC51 ,aa>Ke He3HatIHTeabHOTO HOBbillieHHH CKOpOCTH CTaHOBHTC51 Lipeasugailno Tpy,aHo.

/1,,rm Toro Hro6H1 yMeHblilliTb COTTOTHB.TleHHe B0.3,b1 ,a13/17KeHHIO

cyHa, owl° npeano-AeHo ero Hopnyc yCTaHaBJ1HBaTb Ha TIO,D,BOX-Ible

Kpb1J1b51. B pe3yAbTaTe aBH>KeHH51 Ha 11080,3,HbIX Kpb1.11b1X

nolBJ15leT-cs TIOP,I,CMHaS1 cHaa, Be.TIH4HHa HoTopa c yHeameHmem CKOpOCTH so3pacTaeT. floj ,aeficTHHem 3TOil CHJIbI Kopnyc HaHHHaeT BbIXO,a0Tb H3 BUN, a npH HOBbILLIeHHH CKOpOCTH )10 onpe,ae.neHHoil Be.ruitunibi 13b1X0/1,HT 1,13 nee HOJIHOCTMO. aTO nimmo,u,HT K 3Ha4HTB.71bH0My

cHH>Ke-HMO COripOTHB.TIeHHH BIEReH1110, a cae,aoHaTeobHo, H K yBeamieHHio

CKOpOCTH xo,aa.

FlpHmeHeHHe HOJI,B0,aHbIX Kpb1.11beB Ha cyaax ,aa.ao nopa3HTeAbHmil

3(1)(1)eKT. °HIT F103BOJIHJIH L1J1I Cy/MB maaoro BoaoH3memeHHH npH oxiHaHoHoil MOIHHOCTH ,amiraTe,aect BJIM4HTb CKOpOCTb rio cpasHe-H1310 C 06b14HbIMH Ho,aoH3meinaioun4mH cy,aamu H 2-3 pa3a.

110B0,aHble Kpb1.T1b2 moryT yCTaHasoliBaTbCA KaK Ha peinibie, TaK If Ha mopcHme cyaa. Ha mopcHom cyaHe noaBoaHbie Kpb1.11b51, kpome ymeHhineHHH COIMOTHBIle,HH51 ,aBH)KBHIIK), C0061.HalOT emy Bbl-comie mopexoaHbie HaHecTna, TaK HaH 1103B0.115410T HaTH HO B3BOAHO-BaHH011 noHepxHocTH mopH 6e3 HatiKH H 6e3 cHmKeHHH CKOpOCTI4..

B pa3HbIX cTpaHax mopcHHe cy,aa CTp051TCH C pa3.TIHHfibilMH CH-clemamx 110,aBOAHbIX xpbuibes. PICIMITaHH51 a sxcnnyaTan,HH Taiotx cori aoxa3aaH BO3MO}KHOCTb TICTIOJIb30BaHHH HoHoro npitHunna ,L1131i}KeHHH H BbIABHJIH ifX 6o,abunie npeHmyLuecTna.

YcnexH CoHeTcHoro Colo3a B CTp0HTBAbCTBe Kpb1.11aTbIX cyaort 3anoeHaaH Hceo6Luee npH3HaHHe. KommymicTwHecHao fl3TH a CO-3

(5)

seTcKoe IlpaBliTeJIbCTBO rippLualoT 60,TIbLLIOe 3HageHHe aHe,apeHino

Ha BO,IIHOM TpallenopTe Cy,a0B HOB0r0 THna. COCTOBBLITHCICH

13-16 HIOJIH 1960 r. Fl.rfeHym UK KIICC y.ae.THLn oco6oe aHHmaHae pa3B1ITHIO cy,uos C II0a,B0,aHbIMH KpbrAbHMH. B HOCTaHOBJIeHHH

11.1e-Hyma, B HaCTHOCTH, T'OBOpkITCH:

«TITIeHyM UK Kncc c4HTae-r oztHoil H3 BaNtHelIWPIX Hap0AHOX0-3HAcTBeHTHbrx .3aJtaq... aa.nbHeCuuee coaepuieHeTHoaamie H ocHaluearie cospemeHHumH TeXHWHeCKHMH cpeacTaaMH mopcKoro, pe4Horo,

asTo-M0614J11,110f0 H BO3JayllIHOF0 TpaHCIflopTa.

OCHOBHUMH HanpasneHHamH B yKa3aHHoil pa6oTe BOJIH{HbI 6bITb: ...Ha BOLIHOM TpaHcriopTe coxpautelare cpoKoH CTpOliTeJIbCTB3 H CTOHMOCTH cy,uos, EtHe,apeHae Tenaoxwma Ha 110,aBOalIbIX KpbMbHX, pacumpeHHe Hp011yCKHbIX OTTOCO6HOCTecI ilapTOB H npo.afieHHe cpo-KOB Haaarawm».

14 HIOJIH 1960 r. pyKoBoa,HTe.rw napTHa H npaawreabcT3a BO

ma-Be c lipeaceuaTeaem CoHeTa MHHHCTp0B CCCP H. C. XpyLuesum

oemoTpeali Teruioxou Ha 110aBOaHbIX <<MeTeOp>>. FIOHCHeHITY1

,LIaBaJi P. E. A.ReKcees, I'JTaBHIAR KoHeTpywrop no Cy,aaM Ha

ITOB,B0,11,-HbIX KpbIjIb51X.

_{HIIKPITa Cepreemq XpyLuea}

an BbICOKyI0 oueHKy

«MeTeopy».

B HacTomuee Hpema 6ucTpoxo,gmble cy,aa Tana «PaKeTa> H «Me-Teop» rOp,UOCTb HaweR cyAocTpoHTeabHoil Ilp0MbHILIIeHHOCTH,

ycnew-HO KypcHpytoT ycnew-HO mHoram peKam H o3epam cTpaHm.

3aKCHHeHbI HCINATaHHH HOB0r0, ewe 6o.nee KpynHoro cyaHa Ha no,aBoaHba KpbUlbSIX, npe,uHa3HageHHoro aTISI 11.I3H}KeHHA no Kpyn-Hb1M o3epam H BoAoxpaHH.rmiikam. HOBblri KpbmaTbal xopa6.rib, Ha-3BaHHblii <<CIlyTHHKOM>>, pacctnnaH Ha nepeao3Ky 300 nacca>KHpoa, a 3T0 o3HamaeT, HTO ero naccaauposmecTHmocTb 131IHoe npeahnuaeT nacca)KmposmecTHmocTb «MeTeopa».

B Hauler' cTpaHe nocTpoeHbl r000sHue o6pa3uu mopcKnx

Ten-J10X0,a0B Ha TIOABOJTHUX KpbilbSIX, RoTopbte 6y,ayT CTTOCO6HbI npeo,ao-JleBaTb BOJIHIDI BbICOTOR AO 2,5-3,0 M. Pa3pa6aTuHaiorca npoexTu

6o.nee KpynHux KpbT.TaTbIX mopcKHx cyLlors.

(6)

HCTOPHLIECKHH OB30P PA3BHTHSI CY,L1,0B

HA 110j1,B0Mb1X KPb1,11b51X

1,. RaaeHTHe cy,aos Ha noAeopkaux Kpb1J1b51X

,ao BTOpOCI mHpoeori

1/1,aeff H-CH0J1b3013aHHA ^110OalibIX KpbIjIbeB HA cyja tLJ1l

yaemi-geHiln FIX CKOpOCTH 11051BHJIaCb cpariHnTe.abHo HeaaeHo.

B 1891 roy

H3o6peTaTerno drIam6epTy, pyocxomy no nponcxowaeluno, HO poarma wemycn BO (l)paHHHH, 6bIJ1 Hbi,aaH IlaTeHT Ha .rioaKy c 110,aBOAHb1MH KpbIJIb51M11 (pc_ 1). Flo 6opTam JIOAKI4 yCTaHaBJIHBaJlOCb no meTbipe

He6o,nbumx Kpbma, aaxpenzemmix Ha o6ulen' pame. C nomoutwo

PITC. 1.-.TIomca Jlam6epTa Ha noasomiblix 19b1.TITAX (1891 r.)

cnewiaimibix putiaroa Kpb1J1b51 mon/1H .onycliaTben B Bony n 110,3,H14-, MaTbCH 143 BOJLbI. B KatiecTi3e awn-a-rem! ,11.1151 J10,41KH 6bIJla HCII0J1b30=.

naHa napoHan maumHa.

B TOM }Ke may Ilam6err HnepHue nocTpoila CB010 J10aKyHa

1-1001-130,11,HbIX Kpb1J1b5IX If

yonewHo riploaemoHcTpliposadi ee 'pa6oxy Ha

pee CeHe. Ilpaaaa, Kopnyc J10,LIKH Ha xo,ay OTpbIBaJICI CT BOAbI TIOJIHOCT1310, HO Bee )Ke 3a CiIeT 3Ha4HTeJlbH0r0 CHHABHAH

conpoTHH-JleHH51 ABH)KeHHIO yaaaocb o6ecne4nnb 13bICOKy10 CKOpOCTb, 0aHaK0 ABH)KeHHe JI0AKI3 6bIJI0 He HnoaHe yeToilmnristm.

06 3TOM aamexiare..abHom H3o6peTeHHH, no,ao}KHinnem Haqa.ao paanimno cy,aon Ha iII0B0HbIX KpbIJIbHX, K co>Ka.neHmo, HliKaKHX ,110110JIHPITeJ1bHbIX ese,aeHml He COXpaHILTIOCb.

Boabwoti Hx.nan B coaoaaHHe KpbmaTbix cy,aoa ,c,aeaa.n krra,ribsiHea 3HpHKO CDOpaaHHHH. B 1898 r. OH ripexioami 11C110.11b30BaTb VIA no-,aytieHHH noxbemHoil CHJIbl noanoanoe xpbulo, cocromHee 113 HecKoab-1414X mocKocreik, paCn0J10}KeHHbIX ,apyr HaA ,apyrom B sTaAcep, KM (pile. 2).. Holes] c130pAaHHHH aalunotia.nacb B TOM, 11TO npa yaeow-tieHHH CKOpOCTH norLbeMnas cILia, co3)1,aaaemasi TaKILMII

5 BOfiHbl

(7)

6y,aeT OCTaBaTbCil HOCTOHHHOR 3a cgeT noc.leaoHaTeobaoro 'mixt-y-1a 113 BOJLbI Hecyw,lix naocxocTeil. Tax Kahl ILTIOCKOCTH 3Taxepo4Horo xpbuia (DopzaHHHn pacnoaaraa ropn3oHTaabHo, Ka)KaaR IT.IIOCKOCTb cpa3y 3C51:13b1xoH.na 113 soam, LITO TlpHS0HJI0 K cTyneHmaTomy H3me-netik10 110,a'beMH01:1 CHAN, a c.ne,aonaTeabHo, H K xane6aHHHm cy.a.Ha B sepTHKaabHoil ILIIOCKOCTH. LIJIH yeTpaHeHnsi 3Toro HeaocTaTxa

Bno-C.T1eaCTB1414 TaxHe KpbIJIbg C'TaJIH CTp0HTb C ILTIOOKOCTHMH, pacncoo-WeHHUM14 no

yroom 20-40 K ropn3owry.

B 1906 roay cDopaaHnIHH ,a,emolicTpHpoBadi Ha 03epe MaaNcope Ica-rep Ha TIOABO,IIHNIX KpbIJIb5IX no,aonameatenHem

1,65 T. Ha 3Tom

xa.Tepe, xpome IIVIaBHbIX 3TaAcep04Hbix xpumbes, ,6b1.110 yeTalloszeiHo °AHD (BCHOMOraTeTIbH0e Kpbh.TIO Taxx:e 3Tax(epo4H0T0 THIJa. Ha

cay-A

₃

4

PHC. 2. KpbIJ10 KOHCTpyKHHH (DopzaHHHH (1898 r.):

1geCyLCUle IhrlOCKOCTIrl; 2Kpolturreali; 3

ripp.ribi; 4 Ce

riecyuketi nao-CKOCTI4 (B ysennvermosi macurra6e)

gaff nospexcaeHHA Q.1;Horo 113 rzasHboix KpbbilbeB npeayemaTpnBaaocb cneuna.mHoe aBapHilHoe KpbIJIO, pacnoamKeHHoe B HOZOBOrI qaTI1 cy,g,Ha, xoropoe HOJIHOCTb10 BbIXO.aHJI0 143 BO,abI inpn BbICOKOH

CKO-pOCTH. JIJIR ymeHbuienHH BepTHKaJlbHbIX xo.ne6aHHil xaTepa npn

aBH-)Kemmi HeanoxofiHoct BOae, B KOpMOBOil HCTM xop.nyca

ycTaHaB-J114BaJIHeb a3poiipthamPmecxne

cTa6mH3npyroulne

nosepxHocTH.

,asnraTeab

M0LII;HOCTb10 75 A. C. no3so.rma pa3BHTb CKOpOCTb

37,8 yma. KpbI.TIbB TI0.,a06H01i CHCTeMbI cooecnetiHmi xaTepy BITIOTIBe yaosaeTsopuTeabHyto VCTOH4HBOCTb nipm xoe -Ha 'ma.Roct sozHe. B 0TJ111,-IHe OT JI0aKH Ilam6epTa xopnyc xaTepa ci>op.naHHHH nom HOCTbI0 oTobtsaJrcH DT Haab'.

Ha pa3BHTHe cyaon Ha II0,aB0aHbIX KpbhilbSIX Ha paHHem 3Tane 6onbu_toe BJIHAHIle OKa3a.TIO cTpemaeHHe OT,aejlblibIX ,n3o6peTaTeaen npumeHnTb HOABO,alible KpbUlbg Ansi rnapocamo.neToB.

Tax, cooTemecmeHHHic otiopzaHHHH Kpoxxo paboTaz P-a.a HCII0J1b-30BaHHeM I10,11,B0aHbIX xpbmbes ./1.115I co6aergeHHH oTpusa nulpocamo-zeTa OT B011b1. 0}KHaaemoro yc.nexa B ae.rie inpHmeHeHHH no,arsoaHbix

KpbIJIbe.,1B a.TIBirwapocamooeToa KpOKKO He , 0614.11051, OThHaK0 B 1906 T. 6

(8)

emy yrianocsHOCTp0HTb JIOAKyHa KpbIJIbHX, passmsasinyio CKOpOCTb AO 48,6 y.snos.

143BeCTHIA amepxxaH,cxHe askraxoHn.pywTopsr a JIeTHIIKH 6paTbH BYLTI6yp a OpBHJI.TI Para'

1907 T. Taioxe nposovanns sxonepumewrsi

B 3TOM HanpanneHns. OHM IlOCTpOILTIH :waxy Ha 110,a30HbIX KpbMbHX,

woropylo sonbrrans a

,LtecuroHe Ha pee Magams

(wTaT °rano). Ho

}IX noe-rmrna Heyaarga

Askuxesne JIOAKI-1 He

6bino yCTOrILIHBUM.

KaIIIITHH BBC CHIA Prmapacox smecTe CO CBOHM 410MOLUJHHKOM

BaITONI C 1909 HO

1911,

nbrrancs

IICTIOJIb308H.Tb

noznonsie

KPbITII,51 AAA rwapocam,oneTos. AAR 3TO11 "leas OHM IIOCTpOHJIH H HC-trIbITHJIH se6ozsmon KaTeip Ha HOJIHOCTb10 nonpy.ixewHsrx KpbIJIEBX C prim:Am yripaanessem, HOinpHcnoco6sTb. ITOABOARbIe KpbITIbR K rx.ar pocamoneTy HIM Tax H He yaaJlOCb.

Pilet Cyiio cKpbLnb1MH CHCTeMbl INAngema (1906 r.)

Baepnble

TO en,enan liTaAbHHeil, F6114/01111. Ow ycTaHa.snwsaA

9TraNcepo4aibie KpbIlIb51 no,zr noinnasmi ra, pocamo.neTos a.7[51

o6aertie-H1351 ssne.ra H IIIOCHAKH Inpm '80.111-leHH14.

n0a Ka}KabIM

HOITJIaBKOM

yKpelIJI5IJI0Cb no n.sa xpbrna: OHO 113,HPIX HeCKOJII/K0 cmeruanoes Brie-pen 011HOCHTeJIbH0 uewrpa THCCTH

camoneTa, a ApyrOe pacnonara- .

JI0Cb nosaAs ueHTpa TH)KeCT14. fl.TIOCKOCTII xpunbes ',mum

cyalecT-semiyio V-o6pa3BocTb. B neptioa C 1910 no 1921 r. 6bIJIH

ycraHos-II0,11B05,HbIe KpbIJIbH Ha rwapocamoneTH

secom 0,7-25 T.

YCneLIII113111 SHX0a Ha wpsinsesoil pe>kaim yaanocs OCyLlleCT3HTb camoneTa,m secom ,no 5,9 T.

/Ins ynytaneHHs YCTON14BOCTI4 rwapo,camoneTa

Ha xypee B

npo-Uecce Inners s sawHell Hacni

HOITIJIHBKOB yeTHHHBJIHB3JIHCb

IKaabHue nnOCKOCTII.

OTHOWeHlie Inoxbem[Hoil cHobr Kpbmbes K cyme COIIpOTHBIlelilifl

.assmceHsto

cynna,

Hasbisaemoe «rwapons,HamvitiecxHm xaliecTsom xpbina», y KpbI.TIbeB, cxoticTpysposaimbax FEHAOHH, nocTsraao Be.TIH-EIHHbI 7-8, a 14IX yaenbi-laff

rpy3onoxbemxocTb Haxo,aHaacb s .npeae,

nax 1500-3900

xr/m2.

HHTep,ecHyro waeto CO3aaH1451 cyaxa ff1 JIOJIHOCTb10 norpy}xesesix

KpbIJIIDSIX C rbpsHynsTeasHsim H3MeHeHHeM yrna aTaxn B 3aBHC11.40CTH

Of CKOpOCTM sanwreliTorian BAHrJIHH ameprixaHeu Msirem B 1906 r.

(psc. 3). Muirem npennoxua wapHspHo

saxpenneHHue raasHme

KpbIJIbH C0e,11HHHTb cncTemoil phinaros C .13,0TIOJIHHTeJIbiiibIMH

xpsins-SIMH, CKOJI13FILIIHMH no nosepxHacin BOLb1, Tax Ha3b1BaeMbIMH

tBOII-P.13I;MH ,J1bINCHMH>>. $0,11HbIe asTomaratiecxx 113MENISIJIH yron

7

3.

(9)

BepTH-a TBepTH-aKH HBepTH-a IroBepTH-asHboc KpbIJIbHX,_{IllpHBOJH ero B couraercTsHec.oca,axofi}

cy,aHa, a CJIB,ROBaTeJlbH0, H CO CKOpOCTb10

FlepcnexTHaa pe3xoro yaeoHLIeHHA cxopocTH xo,qa cy,aHa yaaexoa H3BecTHoro ameplixaHCKOr0 KoHeTpyxTopa, OAHOTO H3

H306peraTe-aell Tezect,o.Ha A.nexcaHapa rpexsma

_Berwia.

Benz coamecmo c Apyrnm

_{H3o6peraTeaem Ka3eem Bo.ri,aynHoM} 1907 T. KylIHJIH naTeHT (1)0pJlaHHHH

_{Ha cyaHo c 3TaacepotommH}

KObl.THAIVIII. 3a HOCK0.1113K0 .aer coamec.THoil pa6oTbi OHH BOCTDOHJIH. Honbrrami cepwo cy,goa, Ha3BaHHylo_{HMH qXallaP0-11pOyMC>> (HD).}

PI4C. 4. Cy,roo HD-4 KoFicrpyxgroi Berm_{1,1 Boayitha 0918}

HaH6oaee yor-IaLIFIbIM OKa3aJlOCb _{CyJIHO HD-4 BoaoH3meweHHeq}

5 To nocTpoenHoe B 1918 r. (pHc. 4).

_{Ha 3TOM cya,He 6bIJI0}

ycTaHoa-JleHO TpH sTawepotniblx xpbuia: aBa no 6opTam B

H00013011 tiacTH

cyaHa H OHO B Kopme. flocaeaHee

_{QaHospemeHHo BbIHOJIHATIO po.rib}

pyza. B 0 T.TI 14 11 14 e OT Kpb1.71be3 CHCTeMbl (13_{OpaaHHHI4 Bef1.11 II BaLlyHH}

npitaami Hecyw,Hm IIJIOCKOCTAM _He60.5b1.11a _HaKJI0H, _14TO

o6ec-netwao óoJIee alJlaBHLa abrxo.a cyaiia

_{113 BObI. KOHabI naocxocrefi}

TaKOTO xpbma xpenkmHcb K BepTHKaJlbHbIM crofixam Talcum o6pa3em,_ 14TO ace xpbbnro hmeno cpopmy pambi. 06a nepeAHHx xpbma ycTaHaa-JIHBaJIHCb Ha .1-0pH3OHTa.T1bH0ii. Tpy6e, npooco,airaweil _{Liepe3 xop.nyc}

cyaHa. Ha tin

TaK }Ke KaK H Ha cy,aHe, flocTpoeHHom (130p.naHmHH,

Hocosoil qacTH 6buio

ycTaHoaneHo ,a0110.11HHTeIlbH0e

asapHri-,

Hoe xpbuiR5 H aapozolHamHtlecKHe

_{cTa6HaH3Hpyrouwe naocxocTH}

Kopme.

8

xo,aa.

(10)

14011b1TaH1451 eyaHa Ilp0B0AHJIHCb B 1919

Ha osepax Bpac

,a'Op B KaHa,ae. ,aria aBHaLtHoHHbix ,6eH314Cr101BbIX asaraTeasi C

BOJ5l-HUM ,oxaa-Aueimem .MOILtROCTMO 110350 11. C. xaKabliA, pa6oTaBanie

Ha TOJIKa1011.1He

;Bo3Ayunible ,BaHTN, o6ecnewill ,cyaBy cxopocTs

61,5 ya,lla, lo.nroe Bpem% ocTaBaBaiyiocs .1..11S1 KPb1J1aTbIX CY,a0B pe-KOp,I,HOil ,CKOpOCTb10. Mopexo,u,Hsie HagecTBa HD-4 He obraH

yaoBaer-B0p1,1TeJTI3HUM14, noTomy ',ITO OHO TipeoJo.neBazo BOJIHy BbICOTOC1 He

60aee 0,5 At, a ripH 6oaee Bucoxog BanHe HauHHaao ranonHposaTb.

3a 1918-4939 rr.

'6brao TiocTpoeHo HemHorlim 6o.ablue

aeCSITH cy,aos Ha 110,B,B0a1HbIX KPbUlb5IX

(crix).

3m He6a.mume cyja

OT 3,66 ;to 10,7 fit CPP011.1111Cb 110a pyxoBo.,1,cTBom (13Hanrana J1. Poaeca, HoTopHil spHHHmaz yilacTHe B ,CO3,aa.H1414 cyaHa HD-4. HaH6o.nee HHTepecHumH 16bIJIH cy,aa flO HaatBaHHem HD-12 <<MHCC US-3».

Cy,ELHo HD-12 ,n,.runioil 9,1 M paaBaBa.no exopocTb OK0,110 50 Y3J103. Cy,aHO <<MHCC US-3» 6biao nocTpoeHo ,11.151 C110pTHBHbIX [wadi. EFO J..TINHa cocTaBasma 10,7 At, a BoaoHameHieHHe paeHgaocb

2,94 T Ha

Hpyr.nom Hopnyce owls ycTaHoszeHbi 3Ta:Kepo4Hbie xphrobH

CHCTe-MbI H BOaayHHa. ,./11BoraTe.rib aBHaltHoHHoro THua MOIII,HOCTb10

650 A. C. 1103BOJIHJI pa3BUTb pexop,aHyto .3;12 cy.aos Ha 110,1130HbIX

Kpb1J1b51X CKOpOCTb. Coo6L1a.nocb, 1-1TO 31'a CKOpOCTb ,aocTurana

80 y3.11013. K como..neHmo, 310 cyHoinocae ,a,Byx FOHOK cropeao. B 1921 r. Maxcy 8 AHNIHIT 6bL1 Bblaall naTeHT Ha cBoeo6pa3Hmi4 «noea,a», COCTO5laWlicl 113 HaTepa H 6YKCIllpyeMbIX HM J10,3,0K C

aTa>xe-pOgliblA114 KpbUlb511M11.

HHTePeC K 1110aBOaHbIM KpbUlb2M InpoHsHo Taioxe wrai[bBHcxmci

xoacTpyKTop FlerHa. C 1913 r.

,aso KoHua 20-,x ,rojoB HM 6s1.ao

HeCKOJIbK0 npe,a,noweHHil, HmeBunix ue.nbio yoytiuniTh nonepeq-Hylo yCTOr4,114BOCTb cy,ana. Tax, Haspnmep, B 0,aHOM 143 BbLaaHHbIX emy HaTemoa OH Tipe,a.naran YeTaHOBIlTb Ha cy,aHo npocToe moHoxphiao C 60.11b1110c1 o6paTHoil V-o6pa3HocTbto. DTa H,aeH 6bL1a ocyuiecTmeHa

B AHroHH 1928 r.

FlerHa inpea,.naira.ri Talc/1(e yCTaHaB.111,1BaTb Kpb1J1b51 110,a 1110,11.3aBKH rHapocamozeToB, HO K 3TOMy BpemeHH ax CROpOCTI4 BmeTa CTaJ1H lipeBbnlia-rb 50 yinoB, 410 oTpauaTe.ribmbim Apasom CKa3a.TIOCb Ha CaMoÜ B031M0'/KHOCTI4 14C110J1b30BaH1451 110aBOaliblX Kpb1J1beS a.T15I 3T011

TaK xax. ripH BbICOKHX CKOpOCT51X KPb1J1b51 HatinHaAH

KaBlITH-posaTb:

CepseaHme pa6oTbr mO paasHnno mopcxxx cy.aos Ha 110,1130anIX Kpb1J1b51X 6bum nplaBeacabi B

FepmaHHH. HaimHaH c 1927 r. FaHc

IllepTeab inpoBeri HonbiTaHHH cemH He6o.rnanix xaTepoB C KiPb1J1b51M11

pa3JTa'IHO KOHCTpyKIIHH.

B peay-AbTaTe TiposeaeHHux 3xenepHmeHT0B HM 6b1J10 pa3pa6o-TaH0 H nocTpoeHo B 1936 r. mopcxoe cyaHo C KpbUlb51MH HOBOi'l CH-CTOMIDI. CHcTema, npe..ino:KeHHaslIllepTe.nem, COCT051J1a 113 B y x

gyro-o6pa3Hmx Ii.ria V-o6pa3ftbix MOHOKpb1.11beB ripkimepHo paBHOfi maxi, ,pacirmo>xeHHbix no TaH,aemHoll cxeme: oaHo B HOCOB01i qacTH cy,aHa, a apyroe B KOP,MOBOil, 14C11bITaH1351 Tlepscro cy,aHa

KOH-9 (r. B .CWA AJIHIHOIO BeJnila cae-B ueoH,

(11)

cipyKHHH Mei)Teas' Itto1.a3a,nH, TITO oHo 06.ria.aaeT xopouiHmH mope, X0Xib1M11 KamecTsamm.

. Flo,a pyKoBo.acTBom IUepTeJI5l 61:,rao TIOCTpOeHO H HoureaonaHo

HeCKO.TIbK0

cynos cep HH KB, TS H VS no.aoH3meateHHem

_OT

2,8 ao 80 r co cKopocTbio 38-60 y3Boo npm

titoinHocTH asHraTe.neR 150-5000 4. c. no C30eMy Ha3HatIeH1410 310 obIJIH 3xcnepHmeHTaabr-Hbie, CTIOpTkIB.HbIe, noanteficKHe H TpancinopTable cyaa.

B niTaeposcianl repmaHm4 6bIJIH 11p1IJI0iKeHbI 60J1b11.1-4e _ycHnHB Igo co3,aatano naTpy.abHbrx H Topne,aHbrx .Ka'repos Ha ITIOABOVIHbIX

KpbIJIb5IX H 6b1JH1 TIOCTipOeHb1 14X

_{nepnble aKoneprtmeHra.abHue}

06-Pa.31.1b1.

1.1IepTeat, pa6oTao cosmecTHo C KpynHbrm IHemeuxilm

cyaocrpoH-Tenm CaKceH6eprom, npittutmaBumm tHenocpeacTBeH.Hoe yqacTHe

pa3pa6oTKe paaat{whix KoHcTpyKTHBHbtx 3.TtemeHToB KpbutaTbtx cy,ao.B. 1103TOMy aaHHan clicTema 'KpbIJIbeB B 3apy6e>KHOil IIeHaTH

Ha3butaeTc5I cHcTemoct 1.1.1epTe.aR

_{CaKcett6epra.}

HemeuxHil HH>KeHep 3orrop4 a 30-ac roaax npone,a

HCITIDITBH115I '110AB0TIHI3IX , Kipb1JIbeB B Fami6ypircxom ,011131TOBOM

6ac-came.

FlptimepHo B 3TO iKe spemB Ha co3alittem mopcKtrx rcyaors pa 5o TBJI elite OAHU Hemeuxtril HtoKeHep OTTO TH'IbeHC. B 1933 r. THTbeHC npeztiomum cHeTemy 11-10,aB0AHbIX Kpbutbes,

B KoTopa raasBoe

V-o6pa3Hoe KPb1.110 pacnartara.nocb HOLITH B cpeHeH tlaCTH Kopnyca cy,aHa, ecKo.ablco anepeaH ItteHTpa T51}keCTH. TaKoe pacnoamKeHHe

Kpbma meao aeobto,

caygae flpopbma no3,ayxa K rzaBHomy Kpbmy H ymeHbateHHA ero nobeMHof CHJIbI, o6ecne4tTb na,aeHHe cy,aHa Ha

Hoay 6e3 onacHoro Atickil)epetura Ha Hoc.

,r(asi

o6ecnegeHttsi npo-,

yCTOCMHBOCTH

_{Kopme pacinonaranoch no.nHocTbao}

norpy-}KeHHoe KpbIJ10, KoTopoe KpenHaoch H3 oHoi'l cToCuxe H oaHonpemeH-Bo cayBKHJio py.nem.

Baaroaapn pat6oTam ILlepTenn, CaKceH6epra H THTBeHca pa3BFl-TM mopcxxx cyaon iHa TIOABOAHbIX Kpb1JIBSIX BbIIILTIO H.3 eTa,aHH npe,a-napHTe.ablibix 3K0nepHmewrozt. Pim y.rtaaocb

upeoaozeTb

mHortie

TpyaHocm, KoTophie memaBH Ha nepHux nopax CO31aTb CyH0 c

Ya0B.TIeTB0pHTelIbHb1M11 mopexo,anAmtt KagecTnamH.

Cy,aa, nocrpoeHebte IllepTezem H THTbellaThl, moTatt :{0,.1H.Tb Ha ..BOJIHaX BbICOTOR ,ao 1,5 M.

B 1934

r. cppaH1.1)73 FpyH6epr

pa3pa6oTan HoBp°

cticTemy

Kpbmbes (pile. 5). OH inpeznara.a ycTaHaamtBarb B opezHeil tiacTH

cyrota, 6.111>Ke K Kopme, 110.TIHOCTb10 norpy)KeHHoe Hell0I1BH)KHOe

Kpbi-J10, a B HOCOBOR qacTHABe raHccilpytoutHe IIJIOCKOCTH. no MbICJIH aBTopa 3111 rAtiocHpytoulae ILTIOCKOCTH BO npemn coa cy,aHa 5011}KilbI CROJIb311Tb HO nosepaHocTH Boam, citertyn 3a KGHTypOM BOJIH, H Ta-KH.M oopa3om 06ecnegaBaTb ecTecrBettHoe H3meHeHtie yir.rtaaTaKH

raaHnoro Kpbuta, BocripHHHmatomero 80-90% Beca cy,aHa.

MO21eJIbHbIe HCIIbITBHH51 Cy,a0B C Kpb1J1b5FIVIH 110a06HOR cHeTembi,

Hpose,aettHme B 0111bITO1BOM.Oaccertae B ropoae CeH-CHp,, notrraep,amH. nyaBliabHOCTE, InpeanozoweHmil Fpytt6epTa.

to

B

(12)

LLo cepeaoHbi 30-x roa0B CTp0HTeJIbCTBO cyaos C 110aBOAHIAMH

KpbIJIb5l.MI4 npoH3130,a1,MOCb 6e3 aOCTaT01.1H0 060CHOBaHHbIX

reoperH-tleCKHX IpactieToB. ,a3yxpaamepHaH reopHH artHaceHHst B6JIH3H OBO-60aRDA glOiBeipxHocTH 6b1Jia

snep3 bile pap a6 oTaH a

coser-cluimm ytteHbtm,li

M. B.

Kea-abialem 1H M. A.

JIaapeorrbe-BEAM t3 1935 r.

.

Tomy xe 30111:lacy o c

-ManHiCb triocJeJiyIGuuie Epa6orm H. E. KOLPH,H2 If

A. H.

aria-AHmHpoaa (1937 r.). 3m

PIC-CJI eta GIB &HRH HMCO H oaleHb

muJoe argeme jrw

aJIb-HeiLuero pa3BHTH51 cnK, TaK kax cyaocrpoicremi no.riyqH.ntH

reope-rwiecKylo 6a3y jul51 pacgera

Kpb1J1bes rip m npoeHrHposaHHH cyLtor3.

BaiKHOCTb pa6or COBeTCKHX ytieHbix HeoAHoHparHo no,amepxHaa-aacb CTpOHTeJIHMH Kpb1JiaTbIX

cyos B pa3J1W1HbIX cTpaaax, a

FIX

Tpy,abi nepeae,aeHbi Ha mHorHe 513b1K14.

2. C111)014TeJlbCTBO CyA0B Ha 110)B0,1HbIX Kpbi.absix

3a py6oKom B 1110C.I1eB0eHIHb114 IlepHOA

Ilocoe wropoil mHposoil BOrlHbi K crpowre.abcray

cy.f.,o13 Ha

110,a-;303tliblX KpbhilbsIXtripmeTynHJIIT BO mHorlix

crpaHax Eaponm H B

CILIA. Camoil xpynHoil cpHpmoil H

Espone, 3aHxmalou1ellc2

nipoetcrHpa-BaHHem Hpbutarbix cyao3, craza

wHeRluapcHaH cimpma «Cynpamap,

(Supramar), B xo-ropoct pa6oraer H rpynna

I.IIepreaH 14

CaxceH-6epra, nepeexasulaH H LLIsermappno cHocae

oKoHqaHHH Bropoi1 m14-`

poHofi BORHbI.

(1)Hpma «Cynpamapv onetuHami3apyercH Ha npoeHrHposaHHH mop-, CKI4X naccaxcHpcHHx cyaoH c cHcremoil Kpbuthes 11.1epreaR Caxceft=

6epra. Ilepsoe cy,aHo P1-10 soacaameuteHHem

11,7 T BCTVIITHJI0 B

3Hcnnya-raumo B 1952 r. OHO 6bIJI0

pacemprraHo ;Ha nepe3o3Hy

40 naccam(Hpos H pa3sHHa.no maHcHmaabHylo

cxopocrb 43,2 ylria.

B novie.ayioutHe roam ara cimpma cnpoeHrHponana

HeCKOJIbK0

itpy-ri-Tx THTIOB mopcxxx inaccaNuipcmix cy,aos C 110aBOAHUM14 KipbIllb511\414

(P1-6, PT-20, PT-30 14

PT-40). HaH6o.nee yaagHbim oica3a.nocb

72-mecrHoe cy,aHo P1-20 Ho.aou3meu1eHHem 27 T C a0CTaT04110 X0-poummH mopexaaHmmH Kamec.THamH.

B 1954 r.

Hra.roDHHcxasi cyAocrpowrezbHaH

Hepckb a MeccHHe

«KaHrHepH Hasamt ,Tleono.ribao Po,apHreu»

(Cantieri Navali

Leopol-do Rodriguez) npHo6peaa y cpmpmbi «Cynpamap

.r1lueH311H Ha no-crpoilHy 3TITX cy,aoH, a B 1956 r. ocHomna I1p0H3BOACTBO cyaHa THria

PT-20. Ha aroil sepi.PH lB 1959 Ir. snepsbie 6buio nocrpoeHo no

npo-el:Ty cl)Hp.mbi «Cynpamap) camoe KflHO

B

acroHutee spemH 3a

py6eKom 1115-mec-rHoe mopcxoe nacca}mipcKoe

CrIK PT-50

Bolo-Hamew,eHHem 60 T (cm. pHc_ 37). Ha 3TOM cyAHe yCTaHOBJIeHO Asa

I

Pik. 5. CHeTema Kpbuibeii rpyil6epra

6

(13)

4143eJIH manHOCTb10 no 1350 4. C. KaKIbIfi.

_{MaxcHmaabHasi era}

cxo-pocTx 40,5 yina. Bcero 3a nepHoa c 1956 no

_{1961 r. Ha Hepcim}

no-crpoeHo 26 cy2oH (15 cy,aos 'mina PT-20, 8

_{cy,,aoB THna PT-50 14 3}

3KcineppimeHTaabHbIX cy,aHa).

anpme 1957 T. H KaHaae cinyweHo

_{Ha Bony}

3KonepHmeHTaab-Hoe cy,amo «Bpac A'Op»

_{(cm. pc. 34), nocTpoenHoe}

_{aHT.Tanlexoil}

cplipmoti «CayHaepc-Poil»no

_{3axa3y xaHaacxoro TrpaBHTe.11bCTBa}

_aasi

Bl4c1). CHoe Ha3BaHHe

_{3T0 cyaHo 410ayullno B mecTb}

_{o3ep Bnac}

,a'Op B KaHa,ae, Ha KOTopbix

_{B 1919 r. Beoa 14}

_{B0.741.13714H np0B0,344/114} 140ribiTaHHH cy,aHa HD-4 c 3Tax(epoimbimm _Kpb1J1bHM14. _FlocTpocixe cy, Ha «Bpac ,a'Op» Inpe,awecTHoHaoH 6o.ribwHe 3xcnepHmeHTaasHbre

pa6oThr. Ha y.T,He Bo1oa3meweHHem 18,3

_{T yeTaH013.71eHO TpH}

3Ta->Kepa4Hbix xpuna.

«bpac A'Op» .npoLum xaoBbie HcnbrraHmi, Ha xoTopmx

_n0xa3aa

CK0p0c7b 55 y3.108.

111He,actoim HH)KCHPBMH A.libmKBHCTOM_{H aribrcTpeMOM B 1943 r.,} He3aisHcHmo OT FpyHoepTa, obroa pa3pa6oTaHa cHcrema ri0aBOXibiX KpblabeB, CoCTOulnaR 143 nepe,aHero

_{Touccupyrowero Kbhfl}

_H

3a.a-Heroayroo6pa3Horo. C 110,106Hocr clicremoil

_{HmH 6br,Tio inocTpoerm}

Hecxo,axxo He600blumix 9xcnepHmeHTaribHbix _cy,aus.

nocaeayiowne roam cyaa c TKHMH Hpb1.rib1Mi4 _{CTa./H CTIpOHTb}

FOJIJIaH,11;1414. Ha OCHOBaH1411 _{OnbiTa 3Konayaraum4 nocTpoeHHbix}

pa-Hee iHei60ab11114x cyaos Ha KpbiobSix («I-114,3e14», «AKBaBHT-5» 14 .1.p)

1957 n. Ha cyocTpokyreobHoii sepcim B MaacoyHce 6bulo cnyweHo

Ha ,Boay 1_03a mopcxxx naccaAcHpcxxx cyaHa «AxHacrpoz»

_{23/40 Pi}

«AxHacTpon» 24/40 HoaoH3meweHHem 16,7 T xa-hcabiri (cm. pnc. 43). 3KoHommecHa5i CKOpocTb 24-meCTEibix _{Cyuol3 num «AxHacTpo.m>}

cocTaBoHeT 30,8 y3aa, a maxcHmaAbHaH 38

_{y3J1 OB.}

BOobinasi pa6aTa B 06JiaCT14 CO311,3141454 CyoiB _{c :no.aBoaubimn}

KpbUibuM14 .T1p0B0,_114TC51 B FLIP. HalpioliaJIH314ROBaHHaA _B

_{1953 r.}

cy.aocTpowreobHan Hepcpb

«Caxcem6epr

HepcpT»

_(Sachsenberg

Went r. Poccoay) H

_{nepeHmeHoHaHHaH B «Poccnay3pBerADT»}

(VEB Rosslauer Schiffswerft)

_{B HacToHwee HpemH 3HaHHTe.ribHo} pacinHpeHa.

mape 1958 r. 3T0 rocy,aapcmeHHoe npearipHscrue

,aemomcTpH-posaao Ha ,Tleftnumrcxofi Hpmapxe mOaeoli KpbmaTbIX_{Cy.a0B Lierupex}

Tnnopa3mepos TF-4, TF-10, TF-25 a TF-40 HoaoH3meweHHem 3.5;

10; 26 fl 40 T coOTBeTCTBeHHo. clepable

_{,aHa Tuna Cy,aoB pxe}

Menu-TaHbi a nyigeHbi B cepkulHoe rip0143B0JCTBO. Mo,ae.,TH _risyx , py1-14,X

THHOB rip0,110,11)XaTOT 41CnbiTbiBaTb B OnbITOBOM 6aCCeilHe.

CIIJA B naCJIeB0eHHbli4 inepliaa _{cTp011TeabcTBO cy,aoH Ha} no..1-BOaHblA Kpbuibnix Bri.10Tb Lb _{cepeaHHhi 50-x r00B Hmeao} 3n1430,3,Hge-chHil xapaxTep. 4aCTHbIMH npeainpHHHmaTe.rmmH 6hum .nocTpoeHo HecKOJIBK0 3xcnepHmewra.ribHux cyaus.

Tax, HanpHmep, ,L1,HK.oH Kap.a 14 Bo6 FHapyr, 14C770.ab3y53OuThIT npOseaeHHblx HM14 6yxcHpoHot4xbix H caM0X0.HbiX HeribiTalliiii MO-Ae.1114 xpudiaToro cysaHa a.,THHol) 3,66 M c _{ny.mckipyroutHm} peaxTHH-Hbim AHHIraTeoelvi, nocrpoH4H B 1954

_{r. 3xcnepHmeHTaabHoe ey.aHo}

(14)

XCH-4i (cm. pHc. 65). Ha 3tom cye ycTaHoB.fieHbi BH):1,0H3MeHeH-. Hue 3TaxcepogHbie KpbIJIBH, Hecyaufe ILTIOCKOCTH KOTOMIX HpenH.TcH K ueliTpazbHbrm croaxam. Kopnyc cy,aHa Ha6paH noillp0)10.1bHOR CH,

cTemeinorto6Ho xopinycy rHapocamooeTa asa asHauHoHHbix

,m3Hra-TeJIA cimpmbi «Ilparr ii BailTHHr» mOIHHOCTb10 HO 630 A. C. xa)x,abici. pa6oTatoT Ha THHyLume 303ayunibie BHHTbI. Ha HCIlbITaHHHX, npose-aeHHbIX B 1955

r.'

3T0 cyorwo pa3sHoo CKOpOCTb CabHite 75 y3,TIOB npg BOJIHaX BbICOTOR 0,9-1,3 M.

Kapa H B. FH.HpyT o6panumcb s ynpaBzeHme

BMO CILIA

C IlpeAJI0iKeHHeM IIIOCTp0HTb cyaa C TIOABOXIbIMH KpbIJIbEMH

29 M CO cxopocTbio 80 y3JI0B, HO inorrylnum OTKa3. B ,3a,,abHernuem 011H o6pasoBazif (Impmy cUaiiHeMHK ,apasezonmexT HHK0p11.»

(Dyna-mic Development Incorp.) H HatiaaTA cTpoHTb e6o.nbume mopcwHe

nporyzotnible KaTepa H JI0KH Ha TIOAB03,HbIN KpbIabilX.

HHTepecHoe ripHmeHeHHe II0)1,B0aHbIe KpblabH Hamm,' Ha CIII0pTHB-Hb1Xcyaax.Oxpmoil «Becncep 1/1Hz1KHHHpHHr Ko.»

(Baker Engineering

Co.) B 1955 r. inoc-rpoeHa fiapycsaH HxTa (pHc. 6) Ha Tpex KpbIllbFIX -3TaH(eponHoro THna, xoTopaH B triponecce HCflbITaHHil HOKa3a,Tia

xo-poume mopexoaHme xatiecTsa.

AsTomaTHHecxoe yupaameHHe

nano-)KeHHem xpbmbers B 3aBHCHMOCTH OT xpeHHatero momeHTa o6ecinet4i-BaAo sIxTe AskiNcemie 6e3 Kpea Hr(HckcpepeHTa. fIpH CKOpOCTPI BeTpa

15 y3J10B sixTa pa3BHBana .cxoplocTb ,ao 35 ymos.

AmepkixaHcxHiA mmicTpyirrop XpHcTotPop Xyx B 40-x roaax pa3pa--60Ta,TI mexaHmecigio CHCTM yripas.rieHHH roy6oHonorpyKeHHhtimu

II10,4130,LIHbIMH KpbUIbHMH, npHHLUrn

par6orm HoTopa oxoleH c

pa60-TOR CHCTeMbI Magema. TaKylo clicTemy Xyx Ha3Haa «Xaci.apoctskiHom». B 1957 r. OH IHOCTpOHJI mepaoe He6o.maioe npory.nogHoe cyaHo Hoff 4,88 Al, 0,R+101,1MeHHOTO ,Ha,3BaHHH.

BO EiTopoil nozosHHe 50-x roaos HHTepec K CM

TIO,EIBOXibix

KpbIJIbRX B CIIIA acepoc. Mx npoexTHpoBaHHem H cTp0HTeJIbcTBom

3aH1JIHCb mHorme HpMbI, ioropme c03aJIH HeCKOJIbK0 3xcnepameH-1,3J1bHEIX CFIK, inpeaHa3Ha4eHHbix ansi BOeHHbIx

Tax, Haupgmep, clmipmoci «MailamH LIIH.n6H.HAHHr

Kopro> (Miami

Shipbuilding Corp.) H Madams, wTaTa C13.flopHaa a 1958 r.

no-cTpoeHo aecaHTHoe ra3oTyp6HHHoe cwwo

«Xa.no6eilTc» (cm. pc. 52)

Ha av1y6oxonorpy)xeHHbix ynpaHasembnx KpbMbSIX, CHOCO6HOe nepe-80311T-t. O.TLIIH ripy3oBoil aBTOMO6HJIb H 30 COJI,LIaT .mopcKoil nexoru. MOIHHOCTH Ta30B0c1 Typ6mHbi 860 .4. C.

cyaHo pa3BHBaer

cp-pocTb 30 y3,1013.

B 1959 r.

npmbi «ABKO Kopn»

(Avco Corp.) H «OpaaaBc

(Ordnance Corp.) nepeo6opyAoHami AecaHTHylo a

moi)H6Hio «DUKW»,

yeTaHo.BHB Ha

sec'

rzy6oxonorpyweHHBie 1110ABOaHble KpbIJIbH.

Ha 3T0il

amcpll6mH,

nanytthsaleil

Ha3saxne

«10.ria(bili1'-DUKW»

(cm. pnc. 53), TaK

>He

KaK Ha cyaHe <Aa.lo6efrrc»,

ycTaHoB-J1eHa aBnauploquiaR ra3oBa51 Typ6xxa Ilactxammir T-53 MOILIHOCTb10 860 ./k c. Bec amcim6HH 11,8 T.

lloze3Ha1 rpy3onoa-BemsocTH 2,8 T.

CKOpOCTb X0aa 27 y3JI0B, AIVIckg6k151 cinoco6Ha npeoaaneBaTb 303HbI BbICOTOPI ,z(o 1,2 .4i.

ueaeri.

Kopn»

(15)

14

Kpome Toro, 9TOR 4PlipM0171 6bIJI0 TIOCTpOeHO ewe HeCKO-AbK0 60LHAX 3}CCI1epHMeHTBJIbHbIX cyTkoB Ha 110aB0,1,HbIX Kpb1.11bHR,

PHo. 6. IlapycHam Hxra Ha 110,a130AIMIX Kpb1.111:411i, (1955 r) 1

He Tpy,a,Ho,HH,rleTb, Mb O pa3B14THe cy,a,ofi Ha 110,ELBOAHLAX Kpb1J1b5X

B CWA

rAaHHbim o6pa3om, BOeHHUM ue,nsim H cnoco6cTsyer

mHJIHTapH3auma CTpaHbl.

3. CTp0HTeJlbCTBO cyp,oB Ha nootkaop,mbix itpbuimix

B COBeTCKOM CW03e

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25

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32

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(34)

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C. Mypyroa, 0. B. 51pemeEmo 33