"Contributi allo studio delle vendite all'asta nel mondo classico", Mario Talamanca, "Memorie. Classe di Scienze Morali, Storiche e Filologické", ser. VIII, vol. VI, 1954, fasc. 2 : [recenzja]

SURVEY OF LITERATURE 1953—1955 521

T. S c h w a r z , Die Grundlage der condictio im klassischen römischen Recht (1952).

This w o r k is d e v o t e d t o t h e condictio in classical R o m a n law, t a k i n g as a s t a r t i n g p o i n t t h e condictio indebiti. A f t e r a discussion on t h e c o n c e p t i o n indebitum solutum a n d error a n d scientia t h e a u t h o r i n v e s t i g a t e s t h e conception ob rem datum a n d t h e t y p i c a l cases of condictio based on this conception, f i n a l l y t h e legal f o u n d a -t i o n of -t h e condic-tio in general. T h e w o r k will also in-teres-t -t h e pa-pyrologists w i t h r e g a r d t o t h e discoveries of p a p y r i containing legal f r a g m e n t s d e v o t e d t o t h e condictio (ef JJP V I , 269—70;

V I I — V I I I 292; m y Low2 38132).

C. P r é a u x , Note sur la vente à terme dans le droit de VEgypte gré-co-romaine (Antiquité Classique 24 [1945] 143).

n o t seen.

M a r i o T a l a m a n c a , Contributi allô studio delle vendite alVasta nel mondo classico (Atti délia Academia Nasionale dei Lincei [1954] Mtmorie. Classe di Scienze Morali, Storiche e Filologické, serie

V I I I , vol. V I , fasc. 2, 1954).

T h e t a s k of t h i s w o i k is to i n v e s t i g a t e some of t h e m o s t r e m a r -kable aspects of t h e sale a t auction in t h e classical a n t i q u i t y . I n t h e f i r s t p a r t t h e r e are studied t h e peculiarities of t h e a u c t i o n in t h e P t o l e m a i c b g y p t insofar as t h e y r e f e r t o t h e sale of i m m o -vables belonging on w h a t e v e r a c c o u n t t o t h e fisc, t o t h e lease of t a x , a n d p u b l i c works, t o t h e lease of l a n d belonging t o t h e Crown, t o t h e sale of t h e personal p r o p e r t y belonging t o an insolvent deb-t o r b y deb-t h e c o u r deb-t s .

T h e second p a r t , divided in t w o c h a p t e r s , is d e d i c a t e d t o t h e sales a t a u c t i o n (auctiones) in R o m a n l a w . T h e f i r s t c h a p t e r deals w i t h a u c t i o n in p r i v a t e law t r y i n g t o establish its origin a n d dog-m a t i c c o n s t r u c t i o n in t h e classical p e r i o d ; in t h e second c h a p t e r a r e t a k e n i n t o consideration t h e venditio sub corona a n d t h e Sectio bonorum which r e p r e s e n t t h e m o s t a n c i e n t f o r m s of t h e auction k n o w n in R o m e . T h e a u t h o r tries t h e n t o give a p i c t u r e of fiscal alienations i n t h e period of t h e P r i n c i p á t e t a k i n g i n t o consideration t h e a d m i n i s t r a t i v e p r a c t i c e i n t h e G r e c o - R o m a n E g y p t , as it ap-p e a r s in t h e law of t h e ap-p a ap-p y r i a n d t h e i m ap-p e r i a l c o n s t i t u t i o n s f r o m t h e

5 2 2 JOURNAL OF JURISTIC PAPYROLOGY

III and IV cent. A.D. conserved in the C.I.. He tries especially to

throw a light on the form of the fiscal sales, on the cases of the

dissolution the acquisitions from the fisc and the effects of the

payment of the prices on the transfer of property.

E. Neufeld, The rate of interest and the text of Nehemiah 5, 11 (repr.

from The Jewish Quart. Rev. XLIV [1954] 194—204).

This dissertation consists of six chapters: I The rate of

inte-rest among the Semites; II The Biblical prohibitions against u s u r y

and the practice; III The text of Nehemiah 5, 11; IV Me'ä and

centesima or Hekatostos; V The Elephantine papyri; VI Interest

on money-loans and on loans in nature. The dissertation makes

also use of the papyri (cf. p. 196

, 197

, 201, 202

).

A. S t e i n w e n t e r , Precarium (S.A. aus RE, 1814—1827).

In this article the clause έφ' δσον χρόνον βούλει on p. 1824 is

being investigated which since M i t t e l s had been linked with the

Roman precarium while the author represents the opinion that

this clause confirms rather L e v y ' s view about the retrocession

of the conductores-class than the continuation of the existence of

the Roman precarium. His remarks about the παρακλητική

ομο-λογία on p. 1825 are also very interesting. Only SB 6000 seems to

refer to a right of passage granted precario modo (cf. my Law

259);

the other cases of παρακλητική ομολογία are based on transactions

which have nothing at all in common with the holding of certain

immovables precaiio modo.

H. G e r s t i n g e r , Zur Klausel άποτάττομαι πάσϊ) βοηθεί^ νόμων in

den byzantinischen Landpachtverträgen (Έπετηρίς Εταιρείας

Βυ-ξαντινών Σπουδών 23 [1953] ρ. 206—212).

not seen.

D. Daube, Eisern Vieh (Sav. Z. LXIX [1952] 388—392).

It has long been realized that the Eisern Vieh of medieval

Ger-man law, and parallel notions of French, Danish and Czech law, may

well derive from the so'n barzel, the "small cattle of iron" or "iron

sheep" of Jewish law. His remarks intend to show that the Jewish